CN113962097A - Transformer substation lightning overvoltage simulation analysis method, device, terminal and medium - Google Patents
Transformer substation lightning overvoltage simulation analysis method, device, terminal and medium Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a transformer substation lightning overvoltage simulation analysis method, a device, a terminal and a medium, wherein the method comprises the steps of obtaining parameter characteristics of continuous lightning strike lightning current in historical lightning data and establishing an electromagnetic transient simulation model of the continuous lightning strike lightning current; carrying out equivalence on the power transmission line, the transformer substation and the power supply, and establishing an equivalent model of an electromagnetic transient simulation model of continuous lightning current; establishing a transformer substation lightning overvoltage simulation analysis model under continuous lightning stroke lightning invasion waves according to the equivalent model; analyzing lightning overvoltage generated after electrical equipment of the transformer substation is influenced by continuous lightning strike lightning invasion waves under different continuous lightning strike lightning current parameter characteristics; and determining the lightning impulse insulation level of the electrical equipment of the transformer substation by using the maximum lightning overvoltage. According to the invention, by researching the influence of continuous lightning strike lightning invasion waves on the lightning overvoltage of the electrical equipment of the transformer substation under different parameters, the accuracy of an analysis result can be improved, thereby being beneficial to establishing effective lightning protection measures.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of transformer substation lightning overvoltage analysis, in particular to a transformer substation lightning overvoltage simulation analysis method, a transformer substation lightning overvoltage simulation analysis device, a transformer substation lightning overvoltage simulation analysis terminal and a transformer substation lightning overvoltage simulation analysis medium.
Background
The transformer substation is an important component of an electric power system, plays a role in converting voltage, receiving and distributing electric energy, and is always focused on safe and stable operation of the transformer substation by a power grid company. Because the cost of electrical equipment in the transformer substation is high, and most of the electrical equipment is insulated and has no self-recovery capability, if the electrical equipment is damaged due to a lightning accident, huge economic loss is caused, and the safe and stable operation of a power grid is influenced. The lightning damage accidents of the transformer substation mainly comprise two types, namely lightning invasion waves which are directly struck by lightning and invaded into the transformer substation along the line after the transmission line is struck by the lightning. Under the protection of a lightning conductor and a lightning rod in the transformer substation, the probability of the lightning strike of the lightning conductor is far higher than that of the lightning direct-striking transformer substation, so that the lightning damage accident of the transformer substation is mainly caused by lightning striking the lightning conductor and then invading the transformer substation along the line.
In recent years, accidents of insulation damage and breakdown of electrical equipment of a transformer substation caused by continuous lightning strike and lightning invasion waves have great influence on safe and stable operation of a power grid, and continuous lightning strike and protection thereof are increasingly attracting attention. At present, a model adopted for simulation research of continuous lightning strike is often greatly different from continuous lightning strike parameters under a real condition, so that the effectiveness of a calculation result and a protection measure is influenced; meanwhile, the protection of the lightning invasion waves of the electrical equipment of the transformer substation in the existing power system only considers the influence of the first lightning strike back generally, and does not consider the influence of the subsequent lightning strike back, so that continuous lightning strike cannot be effectively protected.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a transformer substation lightning overvoltage simulation analysis method, a transformer substation lightning overvoltage simulation analysis device, terminal equipment and a readable storage medium, and aims to solve the problem that in the prior art, the difference between parameters and real conditions existing in the analysis of the lightning overvoltage of electrical equipment of a transformer substation is large, so that the analysis result is inaccurate, and the effectiveness of protection measures is further influenced.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a transformer substation lightning overvoltage simulation analysis method, which comprises:
acquiring parameter characteristics of continuous lightning strike lightning current in historical lightning data, and establishing an electromagnetic transient simulation model of the continuous lightning strike lightning current according to the parameter characteristics;
equivalence is carried out on the power transmission line, the transformer substation and the power supply, and an equivalent model of the electromagnetic transient simulation model of the continuous lightning current is established by utilizing an equivalent result;
establishing a transformer substation lightning overvoltage simulation analysis model under continuous lightning stroke lightning invasion waves according to the equivalent model;
according to the transformer substation lightning overvoltage simulation analysis model, lightning overvoltage generated after electrical equipment of a transformer substation is influenced by continuous lightning strike lightning invasion waves under the condition of different continuous lightning strike lightning current parameter characteristics is analyzed; and determining the lightning impulse insulation level of the electrical equipment of the substation by using the maximum lightning overvoltage therein.
Preferably, the equivalence of the transmission line, the substation and the power supply includes:
in the power transmission line, a tower is subjected to equivalence by adopting a multi-wave impedance model, a lightning conductor and a power transmission conductor are subjected to equivalence by adopting a JMarti model, and an insulator is subjected to equivalence by adopting a pilot method;
in the transformer substation, electrical equipment is subjected to equivalence by adopting an equivalent inlet capacitance model;
and (3) performing equivalence on a power supply for simulating the operating voltage peak value of the power transmission line by adopting an ideal direct-current power supply.
Preferably, the establishing of the transformer substation lightning overvoltage simulation analysis model under the continuous lightning strike lightning invasion wave according to the equivalent model comprises:
and connecting the equivalent model with a tower model or a transmission conductor model in the transmission line model to obtain a lightning overvoltage simulation analysis model of the transformer substation.
Preferably, the analyzing of the lightning overvoltage generated after the electrical equipment of the transformer substation is affected by the invasion wave of the lightning caused by the continuous lightning under different parameters of the continuous lightning strike lightning current includes:
and analyzing lightning overvoltage generated after the electrical equipment of the transformer substation is influenced by the invasion waves of continuous lightning strokes under different continuous lightning stroke lightning strike-back time intervals, lightning strike-back frequency, lightning current amplitude of first lightning strike-back and lightning current amplitude of subsequent lightning strike-back.
The invention also provides a transformer substation lightning overvoltage simulation analysis device, which comprises:
the electromagnetic transient simulation model building unit is used for obtaining the parameter characteristics of the continuous lightning strike lightning current in the historical lightning data and building an electromagnetic transient simulation model of the continuous lightning strike lightning current according to the parameter characteristics;
the equivalent model building unit is used for carrying out equivalence on the power transmission line, the transformer substation and the power supply and building an equivalent model of the electromagnetic transient simulation model of the continuous lightning current by utilizing an equivalent result;
the simulation analysis model building unit is used for building a transformer substation lightning overvoltage simulation analysis model under continuous lightning stroke lightning invasion waves according to the equivalent model;
the overvoltage analysis unit is used for analyzing the lightning overvoltage generated after the electrical equipment of the transformer substation is influenced by the invasion waves of the continuous lightning strokes under different parameters of the continuous lightning stroke lightning current according to the transformer substation lightning overvoltage simulation analysis model; and determining the lightning impulse insulation level of the electrical equipment of the substation by using the maximum lightning overvoltage therein.
Preferably, the equivalent model constructing unit is further configured to:
in the power transmission line, a tower is subjected to equivalence by adopting a multi-wave impedance model, a lightning conductor and a power transmission conductor are subjected to equivalence by adopting a JMarti model, and an insulator is subjected to equivalence by adopting a pilot method;
in the transformer substation, electrical equipment is subjected to equivalence by adopting an equivalent inlet capacitance model;
and (3) performing equivalence on a power supply for simulating the operating voltage peak value of the power transmission line by adopting an ideal direct-current power supply.
Preferably, the simulation analysis model building unit is further configured to:
and connecting the equivalent model with a tower model or a transmission conductor model in the transmission line model to obtain a lightning overvoltage simulation analysis model of the transformer substation.
Preferably, the overvoltage analysis unit is further configured to:
and analyzing lightning overvoltage generated after the electrical equipment of the transformer substation is influenced by the invasion waves of continuous lightning strokes under different continuous lightning stroke lightning strike-back time intervals, lightning strike-back frequency, lightning current amplitude of first lightning strike-back and lightning current amplitude of subsequent lightning strike-back.
The present invention also provides a terminal device, including:
one or more processors;
a memory coupled to the processor for storing one or more programs;
when executed by the one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to implement a substation lightning overvoltage simulation analysis method as any one of the above.
The invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, which, when being executed by a processor, implements the substation lightning overvoltage simulation analysis method according to any one of the above.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention discloses a transformer substation lightning overvoltage simulation analysis method which comprises the steps of obtaining parameter characteristics of continuous lightning strike lightning current in historical lightning data, and establishing an electromagnetic transient simulation model of the continuous lightning strike lightning current; carrying out equivalence on the power transmission line, the transformer substation and the power supply, and establishing an equivalent model of an electromagnetic transient simulation model of continuous lightning current; establishing a transformer substation lightning overvoltage simulation analysis model under continuous lightning stroke lightning invasion waves according to the equivalent model; analyzing lightning overvoltage generated after electrical equipment of the transformer substation is influenced by continuous lightning strike lightning invasion waves under different continuous lightning strike lightning current parameter characteristics; and determining the lightning impulse insulation level of the electrical equipment of the transformer substation by using the maximum lightning overvoltage.
According to the invention, by establishing a simulation analysis model of the lightning overvoltage of the electrical equipment of the transformer substation under the continuous lightning strike lightning intrusion wave, simulation calculation of the influence of the parameter characteristics of the lightning strike lightning current, such as the lightning strike back time interval, the strike back frequency, the first strike back current amplitude and the subsequent strike back current amplitude, on the lightning overvoltage of the electrical equipment of the transformer substation is carried out, the maximum lightning overvoltage of the electrical equipment of the transformer substation under the continuous lightning strike lightning intrusion wave is simulated and calculated in consideration of the severe condition, and the lightning strike insulation level design of the electrical equipment is carried out, so that the accuracy of an analysis result can be improved finally, an effective lightning protection measure is established, and the stability of the operation of a transformer substation system is favorably maintained.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a transformer substation lightning overvoltage simulation analysis method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a continuous lightning strike total current waveform in a simulation model of a negative polarity continuous lightning strike current according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a lightning current waveform of a first lightning strike back of a consecutive lightning strike in a simulation model of a certain negative polarity consecutive lightning strike lightning current provided in FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of lightning current waveforms for a subsequent lightning strike back following a continuous lightning strike in a simulation model of a negative polarity continuous lightning strike lightning current provided in FIG. 2;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a transformer substation lightning overvoltage simulation analysis device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a terminal device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be understood that the step numbers used herein are for convenience of description only and are not intended as limitations on the order in which the steps are performed.
It is to be understood that the terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used in the specification of the present invention and the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
The terms "comprises" and "comprising" indicate the presence of the described features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof.
The term "and/or" refers to and includes any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
Referring to fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a transformer substation lightning overvoltage simulation analysis method. As shown in fig. 1, the transformer substation lightning overvoltage simulation analysis method includes steps S10 to S40. The method comprises the following steps:
s10, acquiring parameter characteristics of continuous lightning strike lightning current in historical lightning data, and establishing an electromagnetic transient simulation model of the continuous lightning strike lightning current according to the parameter characteristics.
In the step, firstly, by inquiring detailed lightning data of a lightning positioning system over the years, continuous lightning stroke events are screened according to the time interval and the position distance of lightning strike back; and then counting the parameter characteristics of the continuous lightning strike lightning current, including the lightning strike-back time interval, the lightning strike-back frequency, the lightning current amplitude of the first lightning strike-back and the lightning current amplitude of the subsequent lightning strike-back. Because the current lightning positioning system cannot record lightning current waveforms and lacks the waveform characteristics of continuous lightning current, the continuous lightning current waveform characteristics recommended by national standard GB5007-2010 building lightning protection design Specification need to be referred; and establishing a mathematical model of the continuous lightning current according to the parameter characteristics of the continuous lightning current obtained by statistics and the waveform characteristics of the continuous lightning current recommended by the national regulation standard, and further establishing a refined electromagnetic transient simulation model of the continuous lightning current in PSCAD simulation software.
And S20, carrying out equivalence on the power transmission line, the transformer substation and the power supply, and establishing an equivalent model of the electromagnetic transient simulation model of the continuous lightning current by using an equivalent result.
In a specific embodiment, the equivalence of the transmission line, the substation and the power supply includes:
in the power transmission line, a tower is subjected to equivalence by adopting a multi-wave impedance model, a lightning conductor and a power transmission conductor are subjected to equivalence by adopting a JMarti model, and an insulator is subjected to equivalence by adopting a pilot method;
in the transformer substation, electrical equipment is subjected to equivalence by adopting an equivalent inlet capacitance model;
and (3) performing equivalence on a power supply for simulating the operating voltage peak value of the power transmission line by adopting an ideal direct-current power supply.
It should be noted that, in step S20, the key devices of the power transmission line include a tower, a lightning conductor, a power transmission conductor, and an insulator. In the lightning protection calculation of the domestic power transmission line, the simulation of the tower generally has three models: the method comprises the steps of centralizing an inductance model, a single-wave impedance model and a multi-wave impedance model, wherein the multi-wave impedance model fully considers the transmission process of waves on a tower, dividing the tower into a plurality of parts for simulation according to the characteristic that the wave impedance values of the tower at different heights from the ground are different, and the tower is closer to the reality compared with the centralizing inductance model and the single-wave impedance model, so that the tower adopts the multi-wave impedance model in PSCAD simulation software; there are generally three models for the simulation of lightning conductor and transmission line: the lightning invasion wave generation method comprises the following steps that a pi-type centralized parameter circuit model, a Bergeron distributed parameter circuit model and a JMarti frequency-dependent circuit model are adopted by a lightning conductor and a transmission line in PSCAD simulation software, lightning invasion waves have the characteristics of small period and high frequency, the frequency-dependent characteristic of line parameters is not considered by the pi-type centralized parameter circuit model and the Bergeron distributed parameter circuit model, and the JMarti frequency-dependent circuit model takes the characteristic into account; the insulator equivalence is that an ideal controllable switch is adopted to simulate the flashover process of an insulator string, the controllable switch is controlled by insulator flashover criteria and voltages at two ends of the insulator, the flashover criteria of the insulator are three, namely a rule method, an intersection method and a pilot method, when a power transmission line is struck by lightning, an overvoltage waveform on the insulator string is generally a nonstandard wave, and the pilot method can be used for conducting development judgment on the flashover of the insulator string under the nonstandard wave compared with the rule method and the intersection method, so that the flashover criteria of the insulator string in PSCAD simulation software adopts the pilot method;
further, the key equipment of the transformer substation in the embodiment comprises an incoming line segment arrester, a main transformer, a capacitor voltage transformer, a current transformer and an HGIS sleeve; the arrester is equivalent to a nonlinear resistor, so that the actual volt-ampere characteristic curve is input into PSCAD simulation software to simulate the nonlinear resistor of the arrester; because the equivalent frequency of the lightning invasion waves is high, the equivalent value of the electrical equipment of the transformer substation can be the impact inlet capacitance under the action of the lightning invasion waves, and therefore, in PSCAD simulation software, each equipment of the transformer substation adopts an equivalent inlet capacitance model;
the power supply is used for simulating the operating voltage peak value of the power transmission line, so that the power supply in PSCAD simulation software is equivalent to an ideal direct-current power supply.
And S30, establishing a transformer substation lightning overvoltage simulation analysis model under the continuous lightning stroke lightning invasion wave according to the equivalent model.
In a certain optional embodiment, step S30 is to connect the equivalent model to a tower model or a transmission line model in a transmission line model to obtain a transformer substation lightning overvoltage simulation analysis model. When the equivalent model of the electromagnetic transient simulation model of the continuous lightning current is connected with the tower model, the equivalent model is used for calculating continuous lightning strike counterattack overvoltage; when the equivalent model of the electromagnetic transient simulation model of the continuous lightning strike lightning current is connected with the power transmission wire model, the equivalent model is used for calculating the continuous lightning strike shielding over-voltage; one end of the power transmission line model is connected with the transformer substation model, and the other end of the power transmission line model is connected with the power frequency power supply model.
S40, analyzing lightning overvoltage generated after the electrical equipment of the transformer substation is influenced by the invasion waves of continuous lightning strikes under different parameters of the continuous lightning strike lightning current according to the transformer substation lightning overvoltage simulation analysis model; and determining the lightning impulse insulation level of the electrical equipment of the substation by using the maximum lightning overvoltage therein.
Specifically, when step S40 is executed, lightning overvoltage generated after the electrical equipment of the transformer substation is affected by the invasion wave of continuous lightning strike is analyzed firstly under different continuous lightning strike return strike time intervals, lightning strike return strike frequency, lightning current amplitude of the first lightning strike return strike and lightning current amplitude of the subsequent lightning strike return strike. Then, according to the simulation conclusion, considering the most severe condition, the maximum lightning overvoltage of the electrical equipment of the transformer substation under the continuous lightning strike lightning intrusion wave is calculated in a simulation mode, and the lightning impulse withstand voltage of the electrical equipment of the transformer substation under the continuous lightning strike lightning intrusion wave is calculated according to a lightning impulse withstand voltage formula of the electrical equipment of the transformer substation specified in the national standard GB/T50064-2014 'overvoltage protection and insulation matching design specification', wherein the calculation formula is shown as follows.
U1＝kUmax (1)
In the formula of U1Withstand voltage for lightning impulse of electrical equipment, k is the lightning impulse withstand voltage fit coefficient, UmaxThe maximum lightning overvoltage born by the electrical equipment when the lightning arrester is not protected or the maximum residual voltage of the lightning arrester when the lightning arrester is protected.
And finally, obtaining the lightning impulse withstand voltage of the electrical equipment of the transformer substation according to calculation, and integrating the lightning impulse withstand voltage of the electrical equipment of the transformer substation upwards to the nearest rated impulse withstand voltage standard value to obtain the lightning impulse insulation level of the electrical equipment of the transformer substation.
According to the transformer substation lightning overvoltage simulation analysis method provided by the embodiment of the invention, by establishing the transformer substation electrical equipment lightning overvoltage simulation analysis model under the continuous lightning strike lightning invasion wave, simulation calculation of influence of parameter characteristics of lightning strike-back time interval, strike-back frequency, first strike-back current amplitude and subsequent strike-back current amplitude on the transformer substation electrical equipment lightning overvoltage is carried out, the maximum lightning overvoltage of the transformer substation electrical equipment under the continuous lightning strike lightning invasion wave is simulated and calculated in consideration of severe conditions, and the lightning strike insulation level of the electrical equipment is designed, so that the accuracy of an analysis result can be improved finally, effective lightning protection measures are established, and the stability of transformer substation system operation is favorably maintained.
In order to help understand the transformer substation lightning overvoltage simulation analysis method provided by the invention, a specific embodiment of substituting data is described in detail below, and the content of each step is as follows:
1) and inquiring the lightning data of the lightning positioning system over the years, referring to the national standard, counting and analyzing the parameter characteristics of the continuous lightning strike lightning current, and establishing a refined electromagnetic transient simulation model of the continuous lightning strike lightning current.
1.1) inquiring the lightning data of the lightning positioning system over the years, wherein the lightning data comprises the position, time, attack times, lightning current amplitude and polarity of lightning strike;
1.2) screening continuous lightning stroke events according to the principle that the position distance between lightning strike-back does not exceed 1km and the time interval of lightning strike-back does not exceed 500 ms;
1.3) counting the back-strike time interval, the back-strike frequency, the lightning current polarity and the amplitude of the lightning current of continuous lightning strike, which comprises the following steps:
1.3.1) typical parameters statistically derived for positive polarity consecutive lightning strikes in this example: the back-striking time interval is 0-0.15 s, the back-striking frequency is 2-3 times, the amplitude of the first back-striking lightning current is 10-30 kA, and the amplitude of the subsequent back-striking lightning current is 10-30 kA;
1.3.2) typical parameters statistically obtained for negative polarity consecutive lightning strikes in this example: the back-striking time interval is 0-0.2 s, the back-striking frequency is 2-4 times, the first back-striking lightning current amplitude is 10-40 kA, and the subsequent back-striking lightning current amplitude is 10-30 kA;
1.4) determining the continuous lightning current waveform. Because the current lightning positioning system can not observe lightning current waveforms and lacks continuous lightning waveform parameters, the continuous lightning current waveform characteristics recommended by national standard GB5007-2010 'building lightning protection design Specification' need to be referred as the continuous lightning waveform parameter characteristics of the embodiment:
1.4.1) positive polarity continuous lightning current recommended waveform: the first return stroke is 10/350 mu s waveform, and the subsequent return stroke is 0.25/100 mu s waveform;
1.4.2) negative polarity continuous lightning current recommended waveform: the first return stroke is 1/200 mu s waveform, and the subsequent return stroke is 0.25/100 mu s waveform;
1.5) based on the waveform and parameter characteristics of the continuous lightning current, providing a mathematical model of a typical continuous lightning current, as shown in formula (2):
wherein i (t) is a continuous lightning current; t is the lightning stroke time; plus or minus is the polarity of lightning current, and is taken when the polarity of the lightning current is positive and is taken when the polarity of the lightning current is negative; n is the back-hit sequence; i is1、I2......InThe amplitude of each lightning strike back current; a is1、a2......anThe wave front attenuation coefficient of each lightning return current is obtained; b1、b2......bnThe attenuation coefficient of each lightning strike current wave tail is obtained; and m is a back-hit time interval.
1.6) in the embodiment, the negative polarity continuous lightning stroke accounts for 89% of the total continuous lightning stroke, the positive polarity continuous lightning stroke accounts for 11% of the total continuous lightning stroke, and the negative polarity continuous lightning stroke is more common, so that the waveform parameter characteristic of the continuous lightning stroke in the embodiment adopts the waveform parameter characteristic of the negative polarity continuous lightning stroke;
1.7) adjusting the corresponding parameters in the formula (2) according to the typical negative polarity continuous lightning current waveform characteristics obtained by statistics, and obtaining a mathematical model of a certain negative polarity continuous lightning current. In particular, the amount of the solvent to be used,
formula (3) is a mathematical model of a certain negative polarity continuous lightning strike lightning current, the polarity of the lightning current is negative, the back-strike time interval is 0.1s, the back-strike frequency is 3, the amplitude of the first back-strike lightning current is 40kA, and the amplitude of the subsequent back-strike lightning current is 30 kA.
1.8) establishing a refined electromagnetic transient simulation model of the negative polarity continuous lightning current in the PSCAD software according to the corresponding mathematical model of the negative polarity continuous lightning current. FIGS. 2 to 4 show a refined electromagnetic transient simulation model of a negative polarity continuous lightning current established according to equation (3).
2) And analyzing a high-frequency electromagnetic transient simulation model of each key device of the power transmission line, the transformer substation and the power supply part and an equivalent method thereof.
2.1) the key equipment of the power transmission line part comprises a tower, a lightning conductor, a power transmission lead and an insulator; in the embodiment, the pole tower is SJCD344-30 in model number, the span is 342m, the gap distance is 4.3m, and a multi-wave impedance model is adopted in PSCAD for simulation; the model of the lightning conductor is JLB40-150, the direct current resistance is 0.2952 omega/km, the grounding resistance at two ends of the lightning conductor is 0.5 omega, and a JMarti frequency correlation model is adopted in PSCAD for simulation; the power transmission lead adopts a four-split structure, the model is JNRLH60X/LB14-350/35, the split distance is 450mm, the direct current resistance is 0.08185/km, and a JMarti frequency correlation model is adopted in PSCAD for simulation; the model of the insulator is FXBW-500/240D, a pilot method is adopted as flashover criterion in PSCAD, an ideal controllable switch simulates the flashover process of the insulator string, and the controllable switch is controlled by the insulator flashover criterion and the voltage at two ends of the insulator.
And 2.2) key equipment of the transformer substation line part comprises an incoming line segment arrester, a main transformer, a capacitor voltage transformer, a current transformer and an HGIS sleeve. In the embodiment, the model of the lightning arrester of the incoming line segment is Y20W1-420/1046, the model of the lightning arrester of the main transformer is Y20W1-444/1063, and the actual volt-ampere characteristic is input into the PSCAD to simulate the nonlinear resistance of the lightning arrester; the equivalent frequency of lightning invasion waves is high, a main transformer, a capacitor voltage transformer, a current transformer and an HGIS casing in a transformer substation can be equivalent to an impact inlet capacitor under the action of lightning waves, and each device of the transformer substation in PSCAD adopts equivalent inlet capacitor simulation, wherein the main transformer is simulated by a 5000pF capacitor, the capacitor voltage transformer is simulated by a 5000pF capacitor, an isolating switch is simulated by a 150pF capacitor, the current transformer is simulated by a 1000pF capacitor, the HGIS casing is simulated by a 200pF capacitor, and the main transformer, the capacitor voltage transformer, the isolating switch and the HGIS casing are separated by a distribution parameter line;
2.3) in the embodiment, the power supply adopts an ideal direct current power supply equivalent in PSCAD and is used for simulating the operating voltage peak value of the transmission line.
3) And (4) building a simulation analysis model of the lightning overvoltage of the electrical equipment of the transformer substation under the condition of the full-system continuous lightning strike lightning intrusion waves.
3.1) the continuous lightning strike lightning current model is connected with a tower model in the power transmission line model or a power transmission wire model, and when the continuous lightning strike lightning current model is connected with the tower model, the continuous lightning strike current model is used for calculating continuous lightning strike counterattack overvoltage; when the continuous lightning strike lightning current model is connected with the power transmission conductor model, the model is used for calculating the continuous lightning strike shielding over-voltage;
and 3.2) one end of the power transmission line model is connected with the transformer substation model, and the other end of the power transmission line model is connected with the power supply model.
4) And (3) simulating and analyzing the influence of different continuous lightning strike lightning current parameter characteristics on lightning overvoltage of the electrical equipment of the transformer substation under the continuous lightning strike lightning intrusion waves.
4.1) setting the back-strike frequency to be 2, setting the first back-strike lightning current amplitude to be 30kA, setting the subsequent back-strike lightning current amplitude to be 20kA, keeping other conditions unchanged, changing the back-strike time interval to be changed within the range of 0-0.2 s, setting the change amplitude to be 0.1s, and simulating and calculating the lightning overvoltage of the electrical equipment of the transformer substation under the back-strike and the shielding failure conditions by continuous lightning stroke, wherein the simulation result is shown in a table 1 and a table 2:
TABLE 1 impact of strike-back time interval on lightning overvoltage of electrical equipment of transformer substation during continuous lightning strike counterattack
TABLE 2 impact of strike-back time interval on lightning overvoltage of electrical equipment of transformer substation during continuous lightning strike shielding failure
4.2) setting the back-strike time interval to be 0.05s, setting the first back-strike lightning current amplitude to be 30kA, setting the subsequent back-strike lightning current amplitude to be 20kA, keeping other conditions unchanged, changing the back-strike frequency to change within the range of 2-4 times, setting the change amplitude to be 1 time, and simulating and calculating the lightning overvoltage of the electrical equipment of the transformer substation under the conditions of back strike and shielding failure by continuous lightning stroke, wherein the simulation result is shown in tables 3 and 4:
TABLE 3 influence of the striking frequency on the lightning overvoltage of the electrical equipment of the transformer substation during continuous lightning strike counterattack
TABLE 4 influence of the frequency of the return strikes on the lightning overvoltage of the electrical equipment of the substation during the continuous lightning strike shielding failure
4.3) setting the back-strike time interval to be 0.05s, the back-strike frequency to be 2, the subsequent back-strike lightning current amplitude to be 20kA, keeping other conditions unchanged, changing the first back-strike lightning current amplitude to change within the range of 10-40 kA, wherein the change amplitude is 10kA, simulating and calculating the lightning overvoltage of the electrical equipment of the transformer substation under the conditions of back strike and shielding failure by continuous lightning stroke, and the simulation result is shown in tables 5 and 6:
TABLE 5 influence of first lightning strike current amplitude on lightning overvoltage of electrical equipment in transformer substation during continuous lightning strike counterattack
TABLE 6 influence of first lightning strike current amplitude on lightning overvoltage of electrical equipment in transformer substation during continuous lightning strike shielding failure
4.4) setting the back-strike time interval to be 0.05s, the back-strike frequency to be 2, the first back-strike lightning current amplitude to be 30kA, keeping other conditions unchanged, changing the follow-up back-strike lightning current amplitude to change within the range of 10-30 kA, wherein the change amplitude is 10kA, simulating and calculating the lightning overvoltage of the electrical equipment of the transformer substation under the conditions of back strike and shielding failure by continuous lightning stroke, and the simulation result is shown in a table 7 and a table 8:
TABLE 7 influence of the subsequent lightning strike-back current amplitude on the lightning overvoltage of the electrical equipment of the transformer substation during continuous lightning strike counterattack
TABLE 8 influence of the subsequent lightning strike-back current amplitude on the lightning overvoltage of the electrical equipment of the transformer substation during continuous lightning strike shielding failure
4.5) As can be seen from tables 1 to 8, under the same continuous lightning strike parameter characteristics, the overvoltage of the lightning invasion wave of the equipment in the station generated by the continuous lightning strike shielding failure is larger than the overvoltage of the lightning invasion wave of the equipment in the station generated by the continuous lightning strike counterattack. The lightning strike-back time interval and the lightning strike-back frequency of continuous lightning strike have little influence on the lightning overvoltage of the electrical equipment of the transformer substation, and the lightning overvoltage of the electrical equipment of the transformer substation is increased along with the increase of the first lightning strike-back current amplitude and the subsequent lightning strike-back current amplitude;
5) and considering the most severe condition, simulating and calculating the maximum lightning overvoltage of the electrical equipment of the transformer substation under the continuous lightning strike lightning invasion wave, and determining the lightning impulse insulation level of the electrical equipment of the transformer substation.
5.1) according to the simulation analysis in the step 4.5), considering the most severe condition, setting a continuous lightning strike shielding failure working condition, wherein the lightning strike-back time interval is 0.05s, the strike-back frequency is 2 times, the first lightning strike-back lightning current amplitude is 40kA, the subsequent lightning strike-back lightning current amplitude is 30kA, and the maximum lightning overvoltage of the electrical equipment of the transformer substation under the continuous lightning strike invasion wave is calculated in a simulation mode and is respectively 1032.47kV of a main transformer, 1148.21kV of a capacitive voltage transformer, 1489.85kV of an HGIS (high voltage semiconductor) casing, 1065.62kV of a main transformer and 1233.71kV of an incoming line segment lightning arrester;
5.2) calculating the lightning impulse withstand voltage of the electrical equipment of the transformer substation under the continuous lightning strike lightning intrusion wave according to the lightning impulse withstand voltage formula of the electrical equipment of the transformer substation specified in the national standard GB/T50064-2014 specifications for overvoltage protection and insulation matching of alternating current electrical devices, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
U1＝kUmax (5)
in the formula of U1Withstand voltage for lightning impulse of electrical equipment, k is the lightning impulse withstand voltage fit coefficient, UmaxThe maximum lightning overvoltage born by the electrical equipment when the lightning arrester is not protected or the maximum residual voltage of the lightning arrester when the lightning arrester is protected.
The lightning impulse withstand voltage fit coefficient k is generally 1.25, the capacitor voltage transformer is protected by the incoming line segment lightning arrester, and the main transformer is protected by the main transformer lightning arrester, so that when the lightning impulse withstand voltage of the capacitor voltage transformer and the main transformer is calculated, the maximum residual voltage of the incoming line segment lightning arrester and the main transformer is obtained by Umax, and when the lightning impulse withstand voltage of the HGIS sleeve is calculated, the maximum lightning overvoltage born by the HGIS sleeve is obtained by Umax. And calculating lightning impulse withstand voltages of the electrical equipment of the transformer substation, which are 1332.025kV of a main transformer, 1542.1375kV of a capacitor voltage transformer and 1862.3125kV of an HGIS sleeve.
And (3) obtaining the lightning impulse withstand voltage of key equipment in the transformer substation according to calculation, and integrating the lightning impulse withstand voltage upwards to the nearest rated impulse withstand voltage standard value to obtain the lightning impulse insulation levels of the key equipment in the transformer substation, namely the main transformer 1425kV, the capacitor voltage transformer 1550kV and the HGIS casing 1950 kV.
Referring to fig. 5, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a transformer substation lightning overvoltage simulation analysis device, including:
the electromagnetic transient simulation model building unit 01 is used for obtaining parameter characteristics of continuous lightning strike lightning current in historical lightning data and building an electromagnetic transient simulation model of the continuous lightning strike lightning current according to the parameter characteristics;
the equivalent model building unit 02 is used for carrying out equivalence on the power transmission line, the transformer substation and the power supply and building an equivalent model of the electromagnetic transient simulation model of the continuous lightning current by utilizing an equivalent result;
the simulation analysis model building unit 03 is used for building a transformer substation lightning overvoltage simulation analysis model under continuous lightning strike lightning invasion waves according to the equivalent model;
the overvoltage analysis unit 04 is used for analyzing lightning overvoltage generated after the electrical equipment of the transformer substation is influenced by the invasion waves of continuous lightning strikes under different parameters of the continuous lightning strike lightning current according to the transformer substation lightning overvoltage simulation analysis model; and determining the lightning impulse insulation level of the electrical equipment of the substation by using the maximum lightning overvoltage therein.
In a specific embodiment, the equivalent model building unit 02 is further configured to:
in the power transmission line, a tower is subjected to equivalence by adopting a multi-wave impedance model, a lightning conductor and a power transmission conductor are subjected to equivalence by adopting a JMarti model, and an insulator is subjected to equivalence by adopting a pilot method;
in the transformer substation, electrical equipment is subjected to equivalence by adopting an equivalent inlet capacitance model;
and (3) performing equivalence on a power supply for simulating the operating voltage peak value of the power transmission line by adopting an ideal direct-current power supply.
In a specific embodiment, the simulation analysis model building unit 03 is further configured to:
and connecting the equivalent model with a tower model or a transmission conductor model in the transmission line model to obtain a lightning overvoltage simulation analysis model of the transformer substation.
In a specific embodiment, the overvoltage analysis unit 04 is further configured to:
and analyzing lightning overvoltage generated after the electrical equipment of the transformer substation is influenced by the invasion waves of continuous lightning strokes under different continuous lightning stroke lightning strike-back time intervals, lightning strike-back frequency, lightning current amplitude of first lightning strike-back and lightning current amplitude of subsequent lightning strike-back.
It can be understood that the transformer substation lightning overvoltage simulation analysis device provided by the embodiment of the invention is used for executing the transformer substation lightning overvoltage simulation analysis method according to any one of the above embodiments. According to the method, by establishing the simulation analysis model of the lightning overvoltage of the electrical equipment of the transformer substation under the continuous lightning strike lightning intrusion wave, simulation calculation of influences of parameter characteristics of the continuous lightning strike lightning current on the lightning overvoltage of the electrical equipment of the transformer substation by the lightning strike back time interval, the back strike frequency, the first back strike lightning current amplitude and the subsequent back strike lightning current amplitude is carried out, the maximum lightning overvoltage of the electrical equipment of the transformer substation under the continuous lightning strike lightning intrusion wave is calculated in a simulation mode in consideration of the severe condition, the lightning strike insulation level design of the electrical equipment is carried out, the accuracy of an analysis result can be finally improved, effective lightning protection measures are established, and the stability of operation of a system of the transformer substation is favorably maintained.
Referring to fig. 6, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a terminal device, including:
one or more processors;
a memory coupled to the processor for storing one or more programs;
when the one or more programs are executed by the one or more processors, the one or more processors are caused to implement the substation lightning overvoltage simulation analysis method as described above.
The processor is used for controlling the overall operation of the terminal equipment so as to complete all or part of the steps of the transformer substation lightning overvoltage simulation analysis method. The memory is used to store various types of data to support operation at the terminal device, and these data may include, for example, instructions for any application or method operating on the terminal device, as well as application-related data. The Memory may be implemented by any type of volatile or non-volatile Memory device or combination thereof, such as Static Random Access Memory (SRAM), Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory (EEPROM), Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory (EPROM), Programmable Read-Only Memory (PROM), Read-Only Memory (ROM), magnetic Memory, flash Memory, magnetic disk, or optical disk.
In an exemplary embodiment, the terminal Device may be implemented by one or more Application Specific 1 integrated circuits (AS 1C), a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), a Digital Signal Processing Device (DSPD), a Programmable Logic Device (PLD), a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), a controller, a microcontroller, a microprocessor, or other electronic components, and is configured to perform the substation overvoltage simulation analysis method according to any one of the above embodiments, and achieve technical effects consistent with the above methods.
In another exemplary embodiment, a computer readable storage medium is also provided, which comprises a computer program, which when executed by a processor, performs the steps of the substation lightning overvoltage simulation analysis method according to any one of the above embodiments. For example, the computer-readable storage medium may be the above-mentioned memory including a computer program, and the above-mentioned computer program may be executed by a processor of a terminal device to implement the substation lightning overvoltage simulation analysis method according to any one of the above-mentioned embodiments, and achieve the technical effects consistent with the above-mentioned method.
While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A transformer substation lightning overvoltage simulation analysis method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
acquiring parameter characteristics of continuous lightning strike lightning current in historical lightning data, and establishing an electromagnetic transient simulation model of the continuous lightning strike lightning current according to the parameter characteristics;
equivalence is carried out on the power transmission line, the transformer substation and the power supply, and an equivalent model of the electromagnetic transient simulation model of the continuous lightning current is established by utilizing an equivalent result;
establishing a transformer substation lightning overvoltage simulation analysis model under continuous lightning stroke lightning invasion waves according to the equivalent model;
according to the transformer substation lightning overvoltage simulation analysis model, lightning overvoltage generated after electrical equipment of a transformer substation is influenced by continuous lightning strike lightning invasion waves under the condition of different continuous lightning strike lightning current parameter characteristics is analyzed; and determining the lightning impulse insulation level of the electrical equipment of the substation by using the maximum lightning overvoltage therein.
2. The substation lightning overvoltage simulation analysis method according to claim 1, wherein the equivalence of the transmission line, the substation and the power supply comprises:
in the power transmission line, a tower is subjected to equivalence by adopting a multi-wave impedance model, a lightning conductor and a power transmission conductor are subjected to equivalence by adopting a JMarti model, and an insulator is subjected to equivalence by adopting a pilot method;
in the transformer substation, electrical equipment is subjected to equivalence by adopting an equivalent inlet capacitance model;
and (3) performing equivalence on a power supply for simulating the operating voltage peak value of the power transmission line by adopting an ideal direct-current power supply.
3. The substation lightning overvoltage simulation analysis method according to claim 1, wherein the establishing of the substation lightning overvoltage simulation analysis model under the continuous lightning strike lightning intrusion wave according to the equivalent model comprises:
and connecting the equivalent model with a tower model or a transmission conductor model in the transmission line model to obtain a lightning overvoltage simulation analysis model of the transformer substation.
4. The transformer substation lightning overvoltage simulation analysis method according to claim 1, wherein the analysis of the lightning overvoltage generated after the transformer substation electrical equipment is influenced by the continuous lightning strike lightning invasion wave under different continuous lightning strike lightning current parameter characteristics comprises:
and analyzing lightning overvoltage generated after the electrical equipment of the transformer substation is influenced by the invasion waves of continuous lightning strokes under different continuous lightning stroke lightning strike-back time intervals, lightning strike-back frequency, lightning current amplitude of first lightning strike-back and lightning current amplitude of subsequent lightning strike-back.
5. The utility model provides a transformer substation thunder and lightning overvoltage simulation analysis device which characterized in that includes:
the electromagnetic transient simulation model building unit is used for obtaining the parameter characteristics of the continuous lightning strike lightning current in the historical lightning data and building an electromagnetic transient simulation model of the continuous lightning strike lightning current according to the parameter characteristics;
the equivalent model building unit is used for carrying out equivalence on the power transmission line, the transformer substation and the power supply and building an equivalent model of the electromagnetic transient simulation model of the continuous lightning current by utilizing an equivalent result;
the simulation analysis model building unit is used for building a transformer substation lightning overvoltage simulation analysis model under continuous lightning stroke lightning invasion waves according to the equivalent model;
the overvoltage analysis unit is used for analyzing the lightning overvoltage generated after the electrical equipment of the transformer substation is influenced by the invasion waves of the continuous lightning strokes under different parameters of the continuous lightning stroke lightning current according to the transformer substation lightning overvoltage simulation analysis model; and determining the lightning impulse insulation level of the electrical equipment of the substation by using the maximum lightning overvoltage therein.
6. The substation lightning overvoltage simulation analysis device according to claim 5, wherein the equivalent model construction unit is further configured to:
in the power transmission line, a tower is subjected to equivalence by adopting a multi-wave impedance model, a lightning conductor and a power transmission conductor are subjected to equivalence by adopting a JMarti model, and an insulator is subjected to equivalence by adopting a pilot method;
in the transformer substation, electrical equipment is subjected to equivalence by adopting an equivalent inlet capacitance model;
and (3) performing equivalence on a power supply for simulating the operating voltage peak value of the power transmission line by adopting an ideal direct-current power supply.
7. The substation lightning overvoltage simulation analysis device according to claim 5, wherein the simulation analysis model building unit is further configured to:
and connecting the equivalent model with a tower model or a transmission conductor model in the transmission line model to obtain a lightning overvoltage simulation analysis model of the transformer substation.
8. The substation lightning overvoltage simulation analysis device according to claim 5, wherein the overvoltage analysis unit is further configured to:
and analyzing lightning overvoltage generated after the electrical equipment of the transformer substation is influenced by the invasion waves of continuous lightning strokes under different continuous lightning stroke lightning strike-back time intervals, lightning strike-back frequency, lightning current amplitude of first lightning strike-back and lightning current amplitude of subsequent lightning strike-back.
9. A terminal device, comprising:
one or more processors;
a memory coupled to the processor for storing one or more programs;
when executed by the one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to implement the substation lightning overvoltage simulation analysis method of any one of claims 1-4.
10. A computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, which, when being executed by a processor, carries out a substation lightning overvoltage simulation analysis method according to any one of claims 1-4.
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