CN112255213B - Measuring device and measuring method for combustion field double-component synchronous excitation - Google Patents
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Abstract
A measuring device and a measuring method for combustion field double-component synchronous excitation belong to the technical field of combustion component visualization. The combustor is arranged in the middle of the two laser emitters, a light beam modulation system and a focusing lens are sequentially arranged between each laser emitter and the combustor along the laser emission direction, and each set of light beam modulation system and the corresponding focusing lens are arranged in a confocal mode with the combustion field of the combustor; an interference filter is additionally arranged on the ICMOS camera and is matched with a combustion field of the combustor; the pulse signal generator is in signal transmission connection with the two laser transmitters, and the computer is in signal transmission connection with the ICMOS camera. The invention has the advantages of non-contact measurement, no interference to the flame structure, overcoming the problem of overlapping of fluorescence spectral lines of CH groups and OH groups under the condition of high-frequency excitation, completely synchronizing the time sequence, having simple device and cost saving, and providing flame structure and heat release data which can be used for analyzing and predicting the combustion instability mechanism.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a measuring device and a measuring method for combustion field double-component synchronous excitation, belonging to the technical field of combustion component visualization.
Background
Combustion instability, which refers to the phenomenon of combustion oscillations occurring at or near the acoustic frequency of the combustion chamber, is one of the long-standing and important topics of research in the field of combustion science. In many studies on combustion instability, flame dynamics information characterized by a single component is not comprehensive and is not enough to explain the mechanism of generation and development of combustion instability. The middle components of the combustion field, namely CH groups and OH groups, exist in a combustion reaction zone and a high-temperature zone respectively and are always used as tracer groups for representing the heat release characteristics and the flame structure. However, the lack of highly dynamic simultaneous measured heat release and flame structure data does not provide details about the interaction of heat release oscillations with flame structure oscillations, leading to a profound explanation of the intermediate "bridge" where heat release and pressure pulsations are coupled together, 32429.
Planar Laser Induced Fluorescence (PLIF) is a leading-edge optical measurement technology in the field of combustion diagnosis at present, and has high spatial-temporal resolution and high sensitivity. The technology selectively excites interested free radicals or gaseous components in a flow field and a combustion field by using a sheet light source to obtain a space-time distribution characteristic, and plays a great role in the aspects of visualization of the flow field and the combustion field, dynamic evolution of combustion characteristics, research on combustion instability and the like in recent years. In recent years, due to the rapid development of a high-frame-rate and high-sensitivity detection system (enhanced kHz-CMOS camera) and a high-repetition-rate tunable laser, a high-frequency PLIF measurement technology is mature and has the capability of researching the dynamic characteristics of a combustion flow field.
The traditional multi-component measurement mainly adopts low frequency 10Hz and is limited by fluorescence interference between adjacent spectral bands, the detection time sequence cannot be completely synchronized (about hundred nanoseconds for time delay), and the diagnosis requirement of a combustion flow field with high dynamic change is difficult to meet. LIFBASE simulation and experiments prove that under the condition of high-frequency excitation, fluorescence spectral lines of a CH C-X band and an OH A-X band can be overlapped (a CH fluorescence spectral band is near 314nm, and an OH-based fluorescence spectral band is near 313 nm), and complete synchronization of detection time sequences is difficult or almost impossible to achieve by using a traditional frequency domain distinguishing method. The multi-slit diffraction can generate light and dark alternate stripes, so that the intensity of laser is spatially modulated, and the problem of difficult high-dynamic synchronous detection can be effectively solved. The coded information can be efficiently extracted by "coding" the laser based on the idea of intensity modulation and then "decoding" the information using an algorithm. And only one detector is needed to meet the requirement of simultaneous detection of the two-component fluorescence.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the background art, the invention provides a measuring device and a measuring method for combustion field two-component synchronous excitation.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme: a measuring device for combustion field double-component synchronous excitation comprises a focusing lens, an ICMOS camera, an interference filter, a pulse signal generator, a computer, a combustor, two laser transmitters and two sets of light beam modulation systems; the combustor is arranged in the middle of the two laser transmitters, a light beam modulation system and a focusing lens are sequentially arranged between each laser transmitter and the combustor along the laser transmitting direction, and each set of the light beam modulation system and the corresponding focusing lens are arranged in a confocal mode with the combustion field of the combustor; an interference filter is additionally arranged on the ICMOS camera, and the interference filter is matched with a combustion field of a combustor; the pulse signal generator is in signal transmission connection with the two laser transmitters, and the computer is in signal transmission connection with the ICMOS camera.
The invention discloses a measuring method for combustion field two-component synchronous excitation, which comprises the following steps:
s1: setting up the measuring device, placing the diffraction grating at the object plane of the light beam modulation system, and placing the diaphragm at the confocal plane of the light beam modulation system;
s2: tuning the light-emitting wavelength of a laser transmitter and recording as laser A; tuning the light-emitting wavelength of another laser emitter 1 and recording as laser B;
s3: the laser A and the laser B are respectively modulated through a light beam modulation system, the modulation frequencies of the two light beam modulation systems are different, a focusing lens is respectively adjusted to enable the two excitation lights to be focused to the central position of a combustion field of the combustor, and the two excitation lights have the same time and correspond to each other spatially when reaching the observation surface of the combustor;
s4: an interference filter is additionally arranged on the ICMOS camera;
s5: the pulse signal generator controls the excitation and detection time of the two laser transmitters;
s6: the ICMOS camera takes CH-and OH-based fluorescence images.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention has non-contact measurement without interfering the flame structure;
2. the invention adopts a method of modulating the laser code to overcome the problem of overlapping of fluorescence spectral lines of CH group and OH group under the condition of high-frequency excitation, and can achieve complete synchronization in time sequence;
3. the invention can utilize one detector to realize the synchronous detection of two components (CH radical and OH radical), avoids the measurement error caused by the space alignment of a plurality of detectors, has simple device and saves the cost;
4. the invention simultaneously obtains the structures of the high-temperature area and the reaction area of the combustion field, and provides flame structure and heat release data which can be used for analyzing and predicting the combustion instability mechanism.
5. The invention adopts the scheme of multi-slit diffraction and double-beam interference, and the device is simple and adjustable.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the apparatus of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the invention, rather than all embodiments, and all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without any creative work based on the embodiments of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
The first embodiment is as follows: the invention discloses a measuring device for combustion field double-component synchronous excitation, which comprises a focusing lens 11, an ICMOS camera 13, an interference filter 14, a pulse signal generator 15, a computer 16, a combustor 17, two laser transmitters 1 and two sets of light beam modulation systems, wherein the two sets of light beam modulation systems are arranged on the focusing lens; the combustor 17 is arranged in the middle of the two laser emitters 1, a light beam modulation system and a focusing lens 11 are sequentially arranged between each laser emitter 1 and the combustor 17 along the laser emission direction, and each set of the light beam modulation system and the corresponding focusing lens 11 are arranged in a confocal manner with the combustion field of the combustor 17; an interference filter 14 is additionally arranged on the ICMOS camera 13, and the interference filter 14 is matched with a combustion field of a combustor 17; the pulse signal generator 15 is in signal transmission connection with the two laser transmitters 1, the computer 16 is in signal transmission connection with the ICMOS camera 13, the pulse signal generator 15 is a high-precision digital delay pulse signal generator, the excitation and detection time sequence is accurately controlled, and the computer 16 synchronously acquires CH-based and OH-based fluorescence images in flame.
The second embodiment is as follows: in this embodiment, to further explain the first embodiment, one of the laser emitters 1 outputs laser with a wavelength of 310nm to excite the C-X band of CH group; the other laser emitter 1 outputs laser light with a wavelength of 283nm to excite an A-X band of OH groups.
The third concrete implementation mode: this embodiment is further described with respect to the second embodiment, and the wavelength of the outgoing light between the two laser emitters 1 is not shifted.
The fourth concrete implementation mode: this embodiment is further described with respect to the second embodiment, where the wavelength shift of the output light between the two laser emitters 1 is known, and the precision of the wavelength meter is not less than 1 pm.
No offset or known offset is generated, and the accurate excitation of the group to be detected is ensured.
The fifth concrete implementation mode: in this embodiment, a third or fourth specific embodiment is further described, each set of the beam modulation system includes a diffraction grating 3, a diaphragm 9 and a positive lens group; diffraction grating 3 and positive lens group set up side by side in proper order along laser emission direction, positive lens group includes two positive lenses 5, be equipped with diaphragm 9 between two positive lenses 5, diffraction grating 3, diaphragm 9 and the confocal setting of positive lens group.
The sixth specific implementation mode: the fifth embodiment is further described in the fifth embodiment, where the modulation frequencies of the two diffraction gratings 3 are different, the modulation frequencies of the diffraction gratings 3 are higher, and the difference is larger, so as to ensure higher subsequent identification accuracy.
The seventh embodiment: in this embodiment, a fifth embodiment is further described, and the two diffraction gratings 3 have the same modulation frequency, so that the two laser emitters 1 are required to be incident on the observation surface of the combustor at different angles.
The specific implementation mode is eight: this embodiment mode is further explained for the sixth or seventh embodiment mode, where: the interference filter 14 has a transmission band of not less than 310nm and collects the C-X band of CH and the A-X band of OH.
The specific implementation method nine: a method for measuring a combustion field two-component simultaneous excitation measuring apparatus according to any one of embodiments one to eight, the method comprising the steps of:
s1: the measuring device is set up, the diffraction grating 3 is arranged at the object plane of the light beam modulation system, and the diaphragm 9 is arranged at the confocal plane of the light beam modulation system;
s2: tuning the light-emitting wavelength of a laser transmitter 1, outputting 310nm laser, exciting a CH-based C-X band, and recording as laser A; tuning the light-emitting wavelength of another laser emitter 1, outputting 283nm laser, exciting an OH group A-X band, and recording as laser B;
s3: the laser A and the laser B are respectively modulated through a light beam modulation system, the modulation frequencies of the two light beam modulation systems are different, the focusing lens 11 is respectively adjusted to focus the two excitation lights to the central position of a combustion field of the combustor 17, and the two excitation lights have the same time and correspond to each other spatially when reaching the combustor observation surface;
s4: an interference filter 14 is additionally arranged on the ICMOS camera 13 and is used for simultaneously detecting CH groups and OH groups;
s5: the pulse signal generator 15 accurately controls the excitation and detection time of the two laser emitters 1;
s6: the ICMOS camera 13 shoots CH-based and OH-based fluorescence images, the ICMOS camera 13 can capture laser output by the two lasers 1 at the same time by controlling the pulse signal generator 15, and a time sequence synchronization control process is completed to ensure that the ICMOS camera 13 shoots the CH-based and OH-based fluorescence images at the same time by single exposure.
The detailed implementation mode is ten: in this embodiment, the diaphragm 9 in S1 is used to filter out 0 th order diffracted light, transmit ± 1 st order diffracted light, generate interference fringes, and spatially modulate the intensity of laser light, which will be described further below with respect to the ninth embodiment.
The concrete implementation mode eleven: in this embodiment, the aperture of the positive lens 5 of the beam modulation system described in S1 is larger than the laser beam size, so as to ensure the diffraction angle
The light wave (d is the grating period) does not leak and forms interference fringes to meet the intensity modulation requirement.
The specific implementation mode twelve: this embodiment is a further description of the ninth embodiment, and in the case of meeting the requirement of high-frequency synchronous excitation detection of CH groups and OH groups, the repetition frequency of the laser output by the two laser transmitters 1 in S2 is not less than 1 kHz.
The excitation efficiency of the C-X band of the CH group is far higher than that of other excitation bands such as A-X and B-X, high-frequency excitation is allowed to be not less than 1kHz magnitude, the fluorescence spectrum line and the high-frequency excitation fluorescence spectrum line of the OH group are highly overlapped, and the problem that the CH group and the OH group cannot be simultaneously detected by a conventional frequency domain distinguishing method is solved.
The invention respectively codes the exciting lights of the two groups by using a space modulation method, so that the synchronous excitation of the two groups of the CH group and the OH group becomes possible, and the invention is helpful to reveal a combustion instability generating mechanism by analyzing the space-time evolution rule of the CH group and the OH group.
Considering that under the high-frequency excitation condition, the fluorescence spectral lines of the C-X band of the CH group and the A-X band of the OH group can be overlapped, and the high-frequency synchronous excitation detection with the magnitude of not less than 1kHz is difficult to realize. By analyzing the space-time evolution rule of CH groups and OH groups, the method is helpful to reveal the combustion instability generating mechanism.
Considering that the excitation bands of CH group and OH group are far apart, two laser emitters can be used to output 310nm laser and 283nm laser to excite the C-X band of CH group and the A-X band of OH group respectively. The two excitation lights are respectively modulated in intensity by a diffraction optical element, such as a diffraction grating, and the modulation frequency and the angle can be changed relative to the excitation direction. The optical spatial filtering is realized by adopting a light beam modulation system, a diffraction grating is arranged at an object plane, a diaphragm is arranged at a confocal plane for frequency selection and 0-order diffraction light is filtered out, so that two beams of light +/-1-order diffraction light meeting the coherence condition are selected, interference fringes are generated at a back focal plane, and the intensity modulation of a laser beam is completed. And a high-pass filter with a transmission band not less than 310nm is arranged on the ICMOS camera to collect fluorescence, so that the acquisition of image information is completed. The modulation frequencies of 310nm laser and 283nm laser are changed by using gratings with different modulation frequencies or the modulation frequencies are the same, but the modulation angles are different, so that high-frequency modulation information of different areas is generated on a Fourier domain and respectively represents the information of CH groups and OH groups, and a proper filter is selected to remove low-frequency information, so that the target can be extracted. The invention overcomes the difficult problems that the fluorescence bands of CH group and OH group are overlapped and are difficult to synchronously detect under the high-frequency excitation condition based on the ideas of modulation and demodulation, and has wide application prospect.
The invention solves the problem of fluorescence spectrum line interference under high-frequency excitation and realizes the synchronous excitation of CH groups and OH groups;
the experiment only needs one detector, the device layout is simple, and the cost is saved;
the invention can obtain a combustion reaction area and a high-temperature area, analyzes the coupling rule between the flame structure oscillation and the heat release oscillation, and has important significance for understanding and controlling the combustion instability.
The invention can flexibly select modulation elements, such as Ronchi reticle gratings or sinusoidal transmission gratings, and the like, flexibly change modulation parameters (such as frequency or angle), and can realize high dynamic synchronous measurement of CH and OH in the combustion process by matching with a simple filtering algorithm.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.
Claims (8)
1. A measuring device for combustion field two-component synchronous excitation is characterized in that: the device comprises a focusing lens (11), an ICMOS camera (13), an interference filter (14), a pulse signal generator (15), a computer (16), a combustor (17), two laser transmitters (1) and two sets of light beam modulation systems; each set of the light beam modulation system comprises a diffraction grating (3), a diaphragm (9) and a positive lens group; the diffraction grating (3) and the positive lens group are sequentially arranged in parallel along the laser emission direction, the positive lens group comprises two positive lenses (5), a diaphragm (9) is arranged between the two positive lenses (5), the diffraction grating (3), the diaphragm (9) and the positive lens group are arranged in a confocal manner, the diaphragm (9) is used for filtering 0-order diffraction light, meanwhile, +/-1-order diffraction light penetrates through the diaphragm to generate interference fringes, and the laser is subjected to spatial intensity modulation; the modulation frequencies of the two diffraction gratings (3) are different or the modulation frequencies of the two diffraction gratings (3) are the same, and the incidence angles are different; the combustor (17) is arranged in the middle of the two laser emitters (1), a light beam modulation system and a focusing lens (11) are sequentially arranged between each laser emitter (1) and the combustor (17) along the laser emission direction, and each set of the light beam modulation system and the corresponding focusing lens (11) are arranged in a confocal manner with the combustion field of the combustor (17); an interference filter (14) is additionally arranged on the ICMOS camera (13), and the interference filter (14) is matched with a combustion field of a combustor (17); the pulse signal generator (15) is connected with the two laser transmitters (1) in a signal transmission mode, and the computer (16) is connected with the ICMOS camera (13) in a signal transmission mode.
2. The combustion field two-component synchronous excitation measuring device according to claim 1, wherein: one of the laser transmitters (1) outputs laser light with the wavelength of 310 nm; the other laser emitter (1) outputs laser light with the wavelength of 283 nm.
3. The combustion field two-component synchronous excitation measuring device according to claim 2, wherein: the outgoing light wavelength between the two laser transmitters (1) is not shifted.
4. The combustion field two-component synchronous excitation measuring device according to claim 2, wherein: the outgoing light wavelength offset between the two laser emitters (1) is known.
5. The combustion field two-component synchronous excitation measuring device according to claim 4, wherein: the transmission band of the interference filter (14) is not less than 310 nm.
6. A measuring method of a measuring device for combustion field two-component synchronous excitation according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1: the measuring device is set up, the diffraction grating (3) is arranged at the object plane of the light beam modulation system, and the diaphragm (9) is arranged at the confocal plane of the light beam modulation system;
s2: tuning the light-emitting wavelength of a laser transmitter (1) and recording as laser A; tuning the light-emitting wavelength of the other laser emitter (1) and recording as laser B;
s3: the laser A and the laser B are respectively modulated through a light beam modulation system, the modulation frequencies of the two light beam modulation systems are different, a focusing lens (11) is respectively adjusted to enable the two excitation light beams to be focused to the central position of a combustion field of a combustor (17), and the two excitation light beams have the same time and correspond to each other spatially when reaching an observation surface of the combustor;
s4: an interference filter (14) is additionally arranged on the ICMOS camera (13);
s5: the pulse signal generator (15) controls the excitation and detection time of the two laser transmitters (1);
s6: an ICMOS camera (13) captures fluorescence images of CH groups and OH groups.
7. The measurement method according to claim 6, characterized in that: the aperture of the positive lens (5) of the beam modulation system in S1 is larger than the laser beam size, so as to ensure the diffraction angle
The light wave is not leaked out and forms interference fringes to meet the requirement of intensity modulation.
8. The measurement method according to claim 6, characterized in that: in S2, the repetition frequency of the laser output by the two laser transmitters (1) is not less than 1 kHz.
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| CN116087163B (en) * | 2022-12-07 | 2023-12-26 | 西安交通大学 | Synchronous measurement system and method for NH3-PFLIF and NH-LIF of ammonia reaction flow |
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