CN112254493A - Microwave drying method of snakelike microwave catheter - Google Patents
Microwave drying method of snakelike microwave catheter Download PDFInfo
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- CN112254493A CN112254493A CN202010982328.3A CN202010982328A CN112254493A CN 112254493 A CN112254493 A CN 112254493A CN 202010982328 A CN202010982328 A CN 202010982328A CN 112254493 A CN112254493 A CN 112254493A
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- microwave
- drying
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B17/00—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement
- F26B17/02—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed by belts carrying the materials; with movement performed by belts or elements attached to endless belts or chains propelling the materials over stationary surfaces
- F26B17/04—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed by belts carrying the materials; with movement performed by belts or elements attached to endless belts or chains propelling the materials over stationary surfaces the belts being all horizontal or slightly inclined
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B25/00—Details of general application not covered by group F26B21/00 or F26B23/00
- F26B25/02—Applications of driving mechanisms, not covered by another subclass
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B25/00—Details of general application not covered by group F26B21/00 or F26B23/00
- F26B25/06—Chambers, containers, or receptacles
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B3/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat
- F26B3/32—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by development of heat within the materials or objects to be dried, e.g. by fermentation or other microbiological action
- F26B3/34—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by development of heat within the materials or objects to be dried, e.g. by fermentation or other microbiological action by using electrical effects
- F26B3/347—Electromagnetic heating, e.g. induction heating or heating using microwave energy
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B2200/00—Drying processes and machines for solid materials characterised by the specific requirements of the drying good
- F26B2200/02—Biomass, e.g. waste vegetative matter, straw
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B2200/00—Drying processes and machines for solid materials characterised by the specific requirements of the drying good
- F26B2200/06—Grains, e.g. cereals, wheat, rice, corn
Abstract
The invention discloses a microwave dryer for grain processing and a drying method thereof, belonging to the field of food processing. Comprises a drying cavity, a transmission belt arranged in the drying cavity, and a microwave catheter which is arranged in the drying cavity and distributed in a snake shape. The processing method of microwave drying replaces the traditional hot air type drying method and the traditional freezing type drying method, so that the characteristics of color, aroma, taste and the like of original grains can be greatly reserved, and the method has the advantages of high drying efficiency, small occupied area and the like; through the improvement degree of automation that multistage transmission band can be great, realize a lot of turn-ups moreover at the stoving in-process, improve drying efficiency. On the other hand, according to the concrete structure of equipment and the moisture content isoparametric of grain after the stoving, set up predetermined transmission rate, under the prerequisite of guaranteeing the dry quality of stoving, improve work efficiency and degree of automation.
Description
The invention is a divisional application, and the original application information is as follows, the name: a microwave dryer for grain processing and a drying method thereof are disclosed in the application number: 2019104550874, filing date: 2019.05.29.
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of food processing, and particularly relates to a microwave drying method of a snake-shaped microwave guide tube.
Background
The existing production process for preparing miscellaneous commercial grains comprises the following steps: mixing different types of coarse cereals according to a certain proportion → crushing → mixing → tempering → extruding and forming by a double-screw extruder → cooling → drying → cooling → grading → packaging. Drying is an important part in the processing of preparing miscellaneous commercial grains, and different drying methods have different degrees of influence on the quality change of grains.
The conventional grain drying method generally employs a hot air drying method for drying food by heating air inside a drying chamber, or a freeze drying method for drying food for a long time at a low temperature. But the nutrient rice is subjected to surface shelling due to over-strong drying, the rehydration speed is reduced, the flavor is deteriorated, and a large amount of broken rice is generated; if the drying time is too short, the drying time is prolonged, and the production efficiency is reduced. And because above-mentioned two kinds of devices all adopt intermittent type formula processing mode, need a large amount of spaces to pile up and deposit grain, need a large amount of costs of labor to carry grain.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: provides a microwave drying method of a snakelike microwave catheter, which aims to solve the problems of unstable temperature control, long drying time, large occupied area, low automation degree and the like in the prior drying technology.
The technical scheme is as follows: a microwave dryer for grain processing, comprising: the base machine body, the transportation assembly and the heating assembly.
The basic machine body comprises a box body, a drying cavity arranged in the box body, and a support arranged at the bottom of the box body and formed by fixedly connecting a plurality of sectional materials.
The conveying assembly comprises a conveying belt arranged in the drying cavity, and a feeding hole which is arranged on the box body and is aligned with one side of the conveying belt; and the discharge hole is arranged on the box body and aligned with one side of the conveying belt.
The heating assembly comprises a microwave guide pipe which is arranged in the drying cavity and distributed in a snake shape, and a microwave inlet and a microwave outlet which are arranged at two ends of the microwave guide pipe and fixedly arranged on the box body; the microwave inlet is connected with a microwave generator, and the microwave outlet is connected with a water load.
In a further embodiment, the conveyor belt comprises: the device comprises a driving wheel fixedly arranged on one side part of the drying cavity and connected with a stepping motor through a reduction gearbox and a coupler, a driven wheel fixedly arranged on the other side part of the drying cavity, two guide wheels with small diameters fixedly arranged between the driving wheel and the driven wheel and positioned between a circle center connecting line and a vertex connecting line of the driving wheel and the driven wheel, and a transmission crawler belt sleeved among the driving wheel, the driven wheel and the two guide wheels.
In a further embodiment, the two side edges of the transmission crawler are provided with limiting plates to form an accommodating cavity, the limiting plates and the transmission crawler are provided with a plurality of meshes, and the diameters of the meshes are 1-3 mm.
In a further embodiment, the microwave guide pipe is formed by hermetically connecting hollow metal cavities with rectangular sections, two adjacent microwave guide pipes are connected through a plurality of elbow pieces, so that the pipe walls of the two microwave guide pipes are overlapped or share the same pipe wall, the microwave guide pipes are compressed into a zigzag-distributed zigzag channel, and a horizontal slotted slit is arranged in a direction perpendicular to the overlapped or shared pipe wall surface of the microwave guide pipes; wherein the transmission band passes through the horizontal slotted slot.
In a further embodiment, the upper surface or the lower surface of the microwave guide pipe is provided with a longitudinal small groove or a small hole, and the microwave guide pipe is connected with an exhaust fan or a vacuum pump through a pipeline.
In a further embodiment, at least two groups of the conveying belts are arranged in the vertical direction and are mutually independent motion systems, two adjacent conveying belts move at the same speed in opposite directions, and each group of the conveying belts is provided with a group of microwave catheters corresponding to the conveying belts; and the plurality of groups of conveying belts are staggered with each other, and the projection position of any conveying belt in the vertical direction is offset by a preset distance towards the direction of conveying articles of an adjacent conveying belt.
On the other hand, the processing technology of the dryer during processing the brown rice is as follows:
step S1, uniformly throwing the brown rice grains with the water content of less than 50% onto a conveying belt in a drying cavity from a feed inlet;
step S2, opening the conveying belt, conveying the brown rice on the conveying belt at a preset speed, and realizing one-time automatic turning when the brown rice falls to another conveying belt;
step S3, turning on the microwave generator to generate power of 400-500W and microwave frequency of 3000MHz while executing step S2, and processing the brown rice;
step S4, when step S3 is executed, the exhaust fan or the vacuum pump is turned on, so that the water vapor evaporated in the microwave guide pipe can be discharged;
and step S5, discharging the brown rice from a discharge port through a conveying belt, and cooling.
In a further embodiment, the specific predetermined speed of step S2 is specifically:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,a predetermined speed of the conveyor belt; predetermined speedXFor the length of the overlap between each transmission band and the microwave catheter,accumulating the overlapping distances between all the transmission bands and the microwave guide tube;ka constant is fixed as a correction value;Pgenerating power for microwave of microwave generatorPThe above formula can only be established within 140-960W;is the initial water content of the brown rice,is the water content of brown rice after drying, and the initial water contentLess than 120%, and water content after dryingAbove 3% the above formula can only be true.
In a further embodiment, the dryer is not limited to processing brown rice, but may be applied to processing of silkworm cocoons, tea leaves, dried fruits and other stationary food.
Has the advantages that: the invention relates to a microwave drying method of a snakelike microwave guide tube, in the aspect of equipment, a traditional hot air type drying mode and a traditional freezing type drying mode are replaced by adopting a microwave drying processing mode, and because the heating mechanism of microwave drying is different from the drying mechanism of the hot air type drying mode and the freezing type drying mode, the method not only can greatly keep the characteristics of color, aroma, taste and the like of original grains, but also has the advantages of high drying efficiency, small occupied area and the like; through the improvement degree of automation that multistage transmission band can be great, realize a lot of turn-ups moreover at the stoving in-process, improve drying efficiency. On the other hand, according to the concrete structure of equipment and the moisture content isoparametric of grain after the stoving, set up predetermined transmission rate, under the prerequisite of guaranteeing the dry quality of stoving, improve work efficiency and degree of automation.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an external view schematically showing the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the transmission band and microwave catheter of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a transport belt structure in the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the position of a multi-stage transport band group in the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the conveyor track configuration of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the microwave catheter of the present invention.
The reference signs are: the microwave oven comprises a box body 1, a support 2, a transmission belt 3, a feeding hole 4, a discharging hole 5, a microwave guide pipe 6, an exhaust duct 7, a driving wheel 301, a driven wheel 302, a guide wheel 303, a transmission crawler 304, a limiting plate 304a, meshes 304b, a microwave inlet 601, a microwave outlet 602, an elbow part 603 and a slotted gap 604.
Detailed Description
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a more thorough understanding of the present invention. It will be apparent, however, to one skilled in the art, that the present invention may be practiced without one or more of these specific details. In other instances, well-known features have not been described in order to avoid obscuring the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
As shown in fig. 1, a microwave dryer for grain processing includes: the base machine body, the transportation assembly and the heating assembly.
The basic body includes: box 1, dry chamber, support 2. The drying chamber is arranged in the box body 1, and the support 2 which is formed by fixedly connecting a plurality of sectional materials is arranged at the bottom of the box body. An exhaust duct 7 is arranged on the upper surface of the box body 1 and is connected with an exhaust fan or a vacuum pump to timely exhaust water vapor exhausted from the drying cavity.
As shown in fig. 3, the transport assembly comprises: transmission band 3, feed inlet 4, discharge gate 5. A conveying belt 3 is arranged in the drying cavity; the feeding port 4 is arranged on the box body 1 and is aligned with one side of the conveying belt 3, and the feeding port 4 is provided with a rotary blade for controlling the size of the feeding port 4 and ensuring that the fed grains can be just tiled on the conveying belt 3; the discharge port 5 is arranged on the box body 1 and is aligned with one side of the conveying belt 3. Wherein, the conveyor belt 3 includes: driving wheel 301, driven wheel 302, leading wheel 303, transmission track 304. The driving wheel 301 is fixedly arranged at one side part of the drying cavity and is connected with the stepping motor through a reduction gearbox and a coupler; a driven wheel 302 is fixedly arranged at the other side part of the drying cavity, two guide wheels 303 with small diameters are fixedly arranged between the driving wheel 301 and the driven wheel 302 and are positioned between a circle center connecting line and a vertex connecting line of the driving wheel 301 and the driven wheel 302, and a transmission crawler 304 is sleeved among the driving wheel 301, the driven wheel 302 and the two guide wheels 303. The transmission caterpillar tracks 304 are limited by the guide wheels 303, and the distance between the transmission caterpillar tracks 304 on the upper side and the lower side of the middle position of the transmission belt 3 is small, so that the transmission caterpillar tracks 304 on the upper side and the lower side are sleeved in the gaps on the microwave guide pipes 6. As shown in fig. 5, the two side edges of the conveying track 304 are provided with a limiting plate 304a to form an accommodating cavity, which prevents the thrown grains from splashing and rolling and separating from the processing area; the limiting plate 304a is made of a high-elasticity material and can deform to pass through the roller when passing through the roller; and the limiting plate 304a and the transmission crawler 304 are both provided with a plurality of meshes 304b, the diameters of the meshes 304b are 1-3 mm, only water vapor can pass through the meshes, and grains and microwaves cannot pass through the meshes 304 b.
As shown in fig. 6, the heating assembly includes: microwave guide 6, microwave inlet 601, microwave outlet 602. The microwave guide tube 6 is arranged inside the drying cavity and distributed in a snake shape; a microwave inlet 601 and a microwave outlet 602 are arranged at two ends of the microwave guide tube 6 and fixedly arranged on the box body 1; the microwave inlet 601 is connected with a microwave generator, the model of the microwave generator adopted by the design is WSPS-915-; the microwave outlet 602 is connected with the water load, the microwave heats and dries the grain through the microwave guide tube 6, and finally the residual microwave energy is absorbed by the water load, so that the microwave leakage is reduced. The microwave guide pipe 6 is formed by hermetically connecting hollow metal cavities with rectangular sections, and the adjacent two sections of microwave guide pipes 6 are connected through a plurality of elbow pieces 603, so that the pipe walls of the two sections of microwave guide pipes 6 are overlapped or share the same pipe wall, and the microwave guide pipes 6 are compressed into a zigzag-distributed zigzag channel; compared with the traditional large-volume drying chamber or drying cavity, the microwave conducting area of the serpentine distribution structure is smaller, so that microwave energy can be utilized to the maximum extent, and the microwave utilization rate is improved. A horizontal slotted slot 604 is arranged in the direction perpendicular to the overlapping or common tube wall surface of the microwave guide 6, where the microwave field strength is the greatest; as shown in fig. 2, the conveyor belt 3 passes through the horizontal slotted slot 604. When the dried grains pass through the slot 604, the grains absorb the microwave to be heated. The upper surface or the lower surface of the microwave guide pipe 6 is provided with a longitudinal small groove or a small hole which is connected with an exhaust fan or a vacuum pump through an exhaust pipeline 7 and used for exhausting water vapor in the air.
As shown in fig. 4, as a preferable scheme, at least two groups of conveyor belts 3 are arranged in the vertical direction, which are mutually independent motion systems, two adjacent conveyor belts 3 move at the same speed in opposite directions, and each group of conveyor belts 3 is provided with a group of microwave catheters 6 corresponding to the two adjacent conveyor belts; moreover, the plurality of groups of conveyor belts 3 are staggered with each other, and the projection position of any conveyor belt in the vertical direction is offset by a predetermined distance from the direction of conveying articles of the adjacent conveyor belt 3. On one hand, grains are heated and dried through the microwave guide tube 6 at a preset speed, and on the other hand, when the grains are conveyed to one end of the conveying belt 3, the grains fall onto the conveying belt 3 positioned on the lower layer, so that the effect of automatic turning is realized, and the drying efficiency is improved; meanwhile, the whole volume of the equipment can be reduced. Therefore, the automation degree of the equipment can be greatly improved, and the cost of manual loading and carrying in the past is saved.
On the other hand, the processing technology of the dryer during processing the brown rice is as follows:
step S1, uniformly throwing the brown rice grains with the water content of less than 50% into a conveying belt 3 in a drying cavity from a feed inlet;
step S2, opening the conveyor belt 3, conveying the brown rice on the conveyor belt 3 at a preset speed, and when the brown rice falls to another conveyor belt 3, automatically turning over the brown rice for one time;
step S3, turning on the microwave generator while executing the step S2, and processing the brown rice with the microwave generating power of 400-500W and the microwave frequency of 3000 MHz;
step S4, while executing step S3, turning on the exhaust fan or vacuum pump to allow the water vapor evaporated in the microwave guide 6 to be discharged;
and step S5, finally, discharging the brown rice from the discharge port 5 through the conveying belt 3, and cooling.
In a further embodiment, multiple tests verify that when the microwave generating power is 140-960W, the initial water content is less than 120%, and the water content after drying is more than 3%. The time and power required for drying and the time and evaporation capacity of free water are approximately in linear relation. Therefore, the specific predetermined speed of step S2 is specifically:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,a predetermined speed of the conveyor belt 3; predetermined speedXFor the length of the overlap between each conveyor belt 3 and the microwave guide 6,the cumulative overlap distance between all transmission bands 3 and the microwave guide 6;ka constant is fixed as a correction value;Pmicrowave generation for microwave generatorPower and its microwave generating powerPThe above formula can only be established within 140-960W;is the initial water content of the brown rice,is the water content of brown rice after drying, and the initial water contentLess than 120%, and water content after dryingAbove 3% the above formula can only be true.
As a preferable scheme, the dryer is not limited to processing the brown rice, but can be applied to processing of silkworm cocoons, tea leaves, dried fruits and other fixed food. The drying method is the same as the method for processing the brown rice, and only part of parameters need to be adjusted.
It should be noted that the various features described in the above embodiments may be combined in any suitable manner without departing from the scope of the invention. The invention is not described in detail in order to avoid unnecessary repetition.
Claims (2)
1. The microwave drying method of the snakelike microwave guide tube is characterized in that the processing technology of the dryer during processing the brown rice is as follows:
step S1, uniformly throwing the brown rice grains with the water content of less than 50% into a conveying belt in a drying cavity from a feed inlet, and controlling the size of the feed inlet by adjusting a rotary blade to ensure that the thrown grains can be just tiled on the conveying belt;
step S2, opening the transmission belt, transmitting the brown rice on the transmission belt at a preset speed, limiting the transmission crawler belts through a guide wheel, and sleeving the transmission crawler belts on the upper side and the lower side in the gaps on the microwave guide pipe; limiting plates are arranged on two side edges of the conveying crawler belt to form an accommodating cavity, so that thrown grains are prevented from splashing and rolling and are separated from a processing area; when the brown rice falls to the other conveying belt, one-time automatic turning is realized; the microwave guide pipe is formed by hermetically connecting hollow metal cavities with rectangular sections, two adjacent sections of microwave guide pipes are connected through a plurality of elbow pieces, so that the pipe walls of the two sections of microwave guide pipes are overlapped or share the same pipe wall, the microwave guide pipes are compressed into zigzag-distributed zigzag channels, and horizontal slotted gaps are formed in the direction perpendicular to the overlapped or shared pipe wall surfaces of the microwave guide pipes; wherein the transmission belt passes through the horizontal slotted slit;
step S3, turning on a microwave generator while executing the step S2, processing the brown rice with 400-500W of microwave generating power and 3000MHz of microwave frequency, heating and drying the grain by microwaves through a microwave guide tube, enabling a transmission belt to pass through a horizontal slotted gap, and finally absorbing the residual microwave energy by water load;
step S4, when step S3 is executed, the exhaust fan or the vacuum pump is turned on, so that the water vapor evaporated in the microwave guide pipe can be discharged;
and step S5, discharging the brown rice from a discharge port through a conveying belt, and cooling.
2. The method of microwave drying a serpentine microwave catheter as set forth in claim 7, wherein the predetermined speed of the step S2 is in accordance with the following equation:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,a predetermined speed of the conveyor belt; predetermined speedXFor the length of the overlap between each transmission band and the microwave catheter,accumulating the overlapping distances between all the transmission bands and the microwave guide tube;ka constant is fixed as a correction value;Pgenerating power for microwave of microwave generatorPThe above formula can only be established within 140-960W;is the initial water content of the brown rice,is the water content of brown rice after drying, and the initial water contentLess than 120%, and water content after dryingAbove 3%, the above formula can be established.
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CN202010982328.3A CN112254493A (en) | 2019-05-29 | 2019-05-29 | Microwave drying method of snakelike microwave catheter |
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CN201910455087.4A CN110186253B (en) | 2019-05-29 | 2019-05-29 | Microwave dryer for grain processing and drying method thereof |
CN202010982328.3A CN112254493A (en) | 2019-05-29 | 2019-05-29 | Microwave drying method of snakelike microwave catheter |
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CN201910455087.4A Division CN110186253B (en) | 2019-05-29 | 2019-05-29 | Microwave dryer for grain processing and drying method thereof |
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CN202010982328.3A Withdrawn CN112254493A (en) | 2019-05-29 | 2019-05-29 | Microwave drying method of snakelike microwave catheter |
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CN111238204B (en) * | 2020-01-08 | 2021-04-06 | 袁军章 | Material conveying system and method |
CN114061294A (en) * | 2020-08-06 | 2022-02-18 | 宏硕系统股份有限公司 | Microwave drying device and treatment box thereof |
US11619446B2 (en) | 2020-09-08 | 2023-04-04 | Wave Power Technology Inc. | Microwave drying device and processing box thereof |
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- 2019-05-29 CN CN202010982328.3A patent/CN112254493A/en not_active Withdrawn
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CN2781298Y (en) * | 2005-01-26 | 2006-05-17 | 巴武江 | Multi-pipe microwave drying machine for grain |
CN200996780Y (en) * | 2006-08-16 | 2007-12-26 | 河南科技大学 | Self-flowing microwave-heating drier without leakage |
CN101382379A (en) * | 2008-10-17 | 2009-03-11 | 安徽农业大学 | Intelligent microwave continuous drier and control method thereof |
CN204513955U (en) * | 2015-04-08 | 2015-07-29 | 山东昊福药业集团制药有限公司 | Pharmaceutical raw material packaging bag dryer |
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