CN112253241B - Mining goaf collapse impact air wave automatic buffering protection system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a mining goaf collapse impact air wave automatic buffering protection system which comprises a sensor, a signal processing control device and a buffering device, wherein the sensor, the signal processing control device and the buffering device are installed in a roadway, the sensor is connected with the signal processing control device, the signal processing control device is connected with the buffering device, and the buffering device comprises an ejection rod, a buffering sail and a damping device. When the sensor senses impact air waves, the inner rod is popped out, the connecting point with the buffering sail at the top end of the inner rod moves to the second side of the roadway, so that the switching device arranged at the top end of the inner rod is connected with the bearing device, falls off from the top end of the inner rod and is connected with the damping device together with the bearing device. The damping device is connected with the first side of the roadway through the two connecting points of the buffering sail, the other two connecting points which are taken to the second side by the inner rod are separated from the inner rod and then are connected with the damping device, the buffering sail is blown up by the air waves, the damping device is pulled by the four connecting points, and the damping device can consume the energy of the air waves.

Description

A kind of automatic buffering protection system for collapse impact air wave in mine goaf

technical field

The invention relates to the field of mine protection, in particular to an automatic buffer protection system for air waves impacted by the collapse of a mine goaf.

Background technique

In the process of underground mining, as the depth of the mine continues to increase, more and more mines are threatened by rock burst accidents. In most mines, goafs of a certain scale will be formed, and the instability of goafs can easily lead to various safety accidents and form rock bursts. Rockburst refers to the instantaneous release of elastic strains accumulated in the coal and rock mass around the coal mining face and roadway, and the huge energy makes the coal and rock mass in the working face and roadway collapse and projectile instantaneously. As the roof of the goaf falls, the air in the gob is compressed, and when the compressed air is released from the roadway connected to the gob, it has a high speed of up to 100m/s or more, causing destructive effects. Large air waves, and the formed air shock waves will pose a great safety threat to underground operators and equipment, and even make the mine scrapped. The destructive force of the air shock wave formed by the large-scale roof fall is huge, and the consequences are unimaginable.

The recorded shock intensity caused by rock burst accidents can reach the magnitude of 4.6 earthquakes on the Richter scale. Once rock burst occurs, it will cause catastrophic damage to people and equipment in the well. The impact range of rock burst is not limited to the area where rock burst occurs. Due to the instantaneous fall of a large area of the roof, the high-pressure and high-speed impact air waves formed by compressing the air in the mine can cause damage to the entire mine, and even the underground parking lot will be damaged. to destruction.

The current measures taken against the impinging airflow in mines are mainly closed walls, that is, by closing the roadway to prevent the air flow from spreading. Since the airtight wall blocks the roadway, this method is only applicable to the abandoned working face. The normal production working face and supporting roadway cannot adopt the anti-impact measures of the airtight wall because the roadway needs to be used normally.

Chinese Utility Model Patent Publication No. CN 208564614 U discloses an active defense system for coal and gas explosion, which is provided with a shock wave induction device and an explosion-proof door; Chinese Invention Patent Publication No. CN 110284927 A discloses a goaf based on open well combined mining Zone collapse automatic protection device, sensor and protection device are set up, and the protection device includes a protection door. In both technologies, when a collapse occurs, the sensor triggers and the protective door closes. Although such a structure can block the airflow, due to the complicated layout of the tunnels in the underground mine, the tunnels are often provided with many branches and forks. Injury to other equipment and personnel.

Chinese Utility Model Patent Publication No. CN 207583418 U discloses an airbag-type active explosion-suppression and explosion-proof device. A detector 6 is provided. After the detector is triggered, the folded airbag 15 is detonated, and the folded airbag 15 fills the roadway to block the propagation of shock waves. After the protective air bag 18 is formed, under the impact of the air wave, the air bag will be deformed quickly, and the energy absorption of the air wave is limited.

Chinese Invention Patent Publication No. CN 107975386 A discloses a coal mine gas explosion buffering device, comprising an expansion decompression chamber, a mechanical barrier module and a motion damping module. When a gas explosion occurs and the shock wave propagates to the expansion decompression chamber, the expansion decompression chamber The section of the pressure chamber expands instantly, the mechanical blocking module blocks the shock wave, and the kinetic energy is consumed by the two-stage hydraulic buffer damping unit of the guide rail. Although such a structure can absorb the energy of air waves through damping, its device needs to occupy most of the space of the roadway, which affects the working face of normal production and affects the installation of supporting pipeline lines in the roadway. It does not affect the production, and the shape of the buffer device is instantly changed in the event of an accident to play a buffering effect.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an automatic buffering and protection system for mining gob collapse and impact air waves, which can absorb the energy of the gob collapse and impact air waves through the energy absorbing device.

In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the automatic buffering protection system of the collapsed impact air wave in the mining goaf of the present invention includes a sensor installed in the roadway, a signal processing control device and a buffering device, the sensor is connected to the signal processing control device, and the signal The processing control device is connected to a buffer device, the buffer device includes an ejection rod, a buffer sail and a damping device, the ejection rod includes a first ejection rod and a second ejection rod, respectively installed at both ends of the first side of the roadway, the The ejection rod includes a hollow sleeve rod that is vertical or substantially perpendicular to the side wall of the roadway, embedded in the side wall of the roadway and fixed with the side wall of the roadway, and an inner rod that is sheathed in the hollow sleeve rod and can slide along the hollow sleeve rod. The bottom of the hollow sleeve rod is provided with a pop-up mechanism capable of ejecting the inner rod, the length of the inner rod matches the width of the roadway, the outer edge of the tail end of the inner rod is provided with a limit block, and the inner edge of the outer end of the hollow sleeve rod is provided with a limit block. a limit ring matched with the limit block;

The buffer sail includes connection points arranged at four corners, wherein two adjacent connection points are connected to the damping device at the top and/or bottom of the first side of the roadway, and the other two connection points are connected to the transfer device, The transfer device is detachably mounted on the top end of the inner rod;

The top and bottom of the second side of the roadway are installed with receiving devices matched with the transfer device, and the receiving devices are connected with the damping device.

When the sensor senses the impact air wave, the processing and control device sends a signal, and the ejection device is triggered by the trigger device, the inner rod is ejected, and the top of the inner rod moves to the second side of the roadway with the connection point of the buffer sail, so that the inner rod is installed The transfer device at the top is connected with the receiving device, the transfer device falls off from the top end of the inner rod, and is connected with the damping device together with the receiving device.

Since the buffer sail has two connection points to connect the damping device to the first side of the roadway, the other two connection points brought to the second side by the inner rod are separated from the inner rod and then connected to the damping device. When the air wave arrives, the buffer The sail is blown up by the air wave, and the four connection points pull the damping device, which can dissipate the energy of the air wave. The appropriate buffer stroke and buffer force can be designed through calculation, so that the buffer sail itself, the buffer sail and the damping device connection can withstand the impact, and can last for a period of time, so as to achieve the effect of consuming the energy of air waves.

As a further improvement, the inner rod includes an innermost rod and at least one layer of a middle rod sheathed between the hollow sleeve rod and the innermost rod, the inner and outer ends of the middle rod are open, and the middle rod The inner end is provided with a limit block matching the limit ring on the inner edge of the outer end of the hollow sleeve rod, the rear end of the innermost rod is provided with a limit block, and the inner edge of the outer end of the middle rod is provided with the limit block. block to match the limit ring.

The ejection rod can be composed of multi-stage plungers. The innermost rod and the middle rod are both sheathed in the hollow sleeve rod. When the ejection device is triggered, the innermost rod is ejected, and the middle rod is driven by the limit device at the end of the innermost rod. The poles also pop up, and the middle poles can be set in multiple stages, and finally all the middle poles are ejected, so that the ejection poles have a shorter length when not in use, and can match the width of the roadway when protruding.

The ejection mechanism is provided with a gas generating unit communicated with the bottom of the hollow sleeve rod. The gas generating unit is provided with a gas generating agent, the gas generating agent is connected to a triggering device, and the triggering device is connected to a signal processing control device, The inner rod is closed.

When triggered, the gas generating agent is detonated, and the high-pressure gas pushes out the inner rod. The speed of the ejection rod is very fast, and it can respond in time to the situation that the original distance of the air wave is very short.

The ejecting mechanism is a spring arranged at the bottom of the hollow sleeve rod and a spring triggering mechanism, and the spring triggering mechanism is connected to a signal processing control device.

The damping device is a hydraulic device, a weight block or a spring connected to the rope.

The damping device is connected to the deceleration device. The deceleration device can increase the buffering stroke, thereby reducing the buffering force, so that the buffer sail itself, the buffer sail and the connection of the damping device can withstand the impact, and can last for a period of time, so as to achieve the effect of consuming the energy of the air wave.

The speed reduction device is a pulley block or a speed reducer.

The system of the present invention also includes rails disposed at both ends of the first side and the second side of the roadway, and the two connection points of the buffer sail near the first side of the roadway are connected to sliding means slidable along the rails , the sliding block is connected to the buffer device; the receiving device can slide along the track, and the receiving device is connected to the buffer device.

Tracks are set on the four corners of the roadway, sliders or collars are set on the tracks, and the connection points on the four corners of the buffer sail are connected to the sliders, so that the connection points of the four corners of the buffer sail can always be tight when moving. It is attached to the four corners of the roadway, so that the opening of the buffer sail is always the largest.

A connecting rod is provided between the two connecting points on the first side of the roadway, and a connecting rod is provided between the two connecting points on the second side of the roadway. Among the four connection points of the buffer sail, the two are connected by a rigid connecting rod, and the connecting rod is connected with the slider and the receiving device, so that the two ends of the connecting rod also move along the track, so that the buffer sail is fully opened. The gap between the buffer sail and the roadway wall is the smallest.

The system of the present invention further comprises an inner rod track arranged at the top and/or bottom of the roadway, and an inner rod slider matched with the inner rod track is installed on the top end of the inner rod. The provision of the track and the sliding block can make the direction of the inner rod more certain when the inner rod is ejected, so that the transfer device and the receiving device can be connected more reliably and accurately.

After adopting such a structure, the system of the present invention, when the sensor senses the impacting air wave, the processing and control device sends out a signal, the ejection device is triggered by the triggering device, the inner rod is ejected, and the top of the inner rod carries the connection point of the buffer sail toward the The second side of the roadway moves, so that the adapter device installed at the top of the inner rod is connected with the receiving device, the adapter device falls off the top of the inner rod, and is connected with the damping device together with the receiving device. Since the buffer sail has two connections The point is connected with the damping device on the first side of the roadway, and the other two connection points brought to the second side by the inner rod are separated from the inner rod and connected with the damping device. When the air wave arrives, the buffer sail is blown up by the air wave. Four connection points pull the damping device, which dissipates the energy of the air waves. The appropriate buffer stroke and buffer force can be designed through calculation, so that the buffer sail itself, the buffer sail and the damping device connection can withstand the impact, and can last for a period of time, so as to achieve the effect of consuming the energy of the air wave, thereby protecting the personnel in the mine and equipment is not harmed.

Description of drawings

The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Fig. 1 is a side view of the present invention's side view of the automatic buffering and protection system for air waves impacted by the collapse of a mining goaf.

Figure 2 is a sectional view of the roadway, in which the automatic buffer protection system is not activated.

Figure 3 is a sectional view of the roadway with the automatic buffer protection system activated.

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an ejection rod, in which the ejection rod is not ejected.

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the ejection rod, in which the ejection rod has been ejected.

Fig. 6 is a perspective view of the automatic buffering protection system of the mine goaf collapse impact air wave according to the present invention, in which the automatic buffering protection system is not triggered.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of the automatic buffering protection system of the mine goaf collapse and impact air wave according to the present invention, in which the automatic buffering protection system has been activated.

Fig. 8 is a perspective view of the present invention's perspective view of the automatic buffering and protection system for impacting air waves in a mining goaf, in which the impacting air waves reach the protection system.

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the buffer device, in which the automatic buffer protection system is not triggered.

Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the buffer device, in which the automatic buffer protection system has been activated.

Figure 11 is a schematic view of the buffer sail when it is opened and moved under the impact of air waves, and the connecting points on both sides are not provided with connecting rods.

Figure 12 is a schematic view of the buffer sail when it is opened and moved under the impact of air waves, and the connecting points on both sides are provided with connecting rods.

FIG. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of the switching device and the receiving device, and the two are not combined in the figure.

FIG. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of the adapter device and the receiving device, and the two have been combined in the figure.

Fig. 15 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the adapter device and the receiving device, in which the two have been separated.

Detailed ways

As shown in FIG. 1 , the automatic buffering protection system of the mine goaf collapse and impact air wave of the present invention includes a sensor 2, a signal processing control device 3 and a buffering device 4 installed in the roadway 1. The sensor 2 passes through a transmission cable 5. The signal processing control device 3 is connected, and the signal processing control device 3 is connected to the buffer device 4 . When the sensor 2 senses the impacting air wave, the signal processing and control device 3 sends a signal, and the buffer device 4 starts to operate to buffer at least a part of the energy of the air wave. The sensor 2 can be one or more of an ultrasonic ranging sensor, a 3D acceleration sensor, and a pressure sensor, as long as it can detect that a destructive impact air wave is generated in the roadway 1, and can be comprehensively judged by various types of sensors, The signal processing control device 3 judges the size, direction, destructive strength and other indicators of the impacting air wave through a preset program to determine whether and how the buffer device 4 operates, and transmits the command signal to the buffer device. 4. The buffer device 4 can be arranged in multiple groups in the roadway to form multi-level buffering. The sensors 2 can be arranged on both sides of the buffer device 4, and the buffer device 4 can respond to the signals from the sensors on both sides, and can buffer the air waves from both sides.

As shown in FIG. 2 , the buffer device 4 includes a pop-up rod 6 , a buffer sail 7 and a damping device 8 .

The ejection rod 6 includes a first ejection rod and a second ejection rod, which are respectively installed at both ends of the first side 1a of the roadway 1 .

The first side 1a of the roadway 1 is the side on which the ejection rod 6 is installed, which can be the left side or the right side, or the upper side or the bottom, that is, the ejection rod located on the left side of the roadway 1 in FIG. 2 can also be installed. On the right side, it can also be the ceiling or the ground, which can be selected according to the actual situation and installation difficulty.

In this embodiment, the first ejection rod and the second ejection rod are called the upper ejection rod 6a and the lower ejection rod 6b, as shown in FIG. The rod 6 includes a hollow sleeve rod 61 embedded in the side wall of the roadway 1 and fixed with the side wall of the roadway, an inner rod 62 that is sheathed in the hollow sleeve rod 61 and can slide along the hollow sleeve rod 61, and the hollow sleeve rod 61 is vertical or substantially vertical. On the side wall of the roadway 1, as shown in Figure 3, Figure 4, Figure 5, the bottom of the hollow sleeve rod 61 is provided with a pop-up mechanism that can eject the inner rod, the length of the inner rod 62 matches the width of the roadway 1, and the tail end of the inner rod 62 A limiting block 63 is provided on the outer edge, and a limiting ring 64 matching with the limiting block 63 is provided on the inner edge of the outer end of the hollow sleeve rod 61 .

The buffer sail 7 comprises connection points 71 arranged at four corners, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 , wherein two adjacent connection points 71 are connected to the damping at the top and/or bottom of the first side 1 a of the roadway 1 The device 8, the other two connection points 71 are connected to the adapter device 9, and the adapter device 9 is detachably mounted on the top end of the inner rod 62.

The top and bottom of the second side 1b of the roadway 1 are provided with a receiving device 10 matched with the adapter device 9 , and the receiving device 10 is connected to the damping device 8 .

When the sensor 2 senses the impacting air wave, the processing and control device 3 sends a signal to trigger the ejection device 65 through the triggering device, and the inner rod 62 is ejected, and the top of the inner rod 62 carries the connection point 71 of the buffer sail 7 to the second side of the roadway Movement, so that the adapter device 9 installed on the top of the inner rod 71 is connected with the receiving device 10, the adapter device 9 falls off the top of the inner rod, and is connected with the damping device together with the receiving device 10, as shown in Figure 3, Figure 4, Figure 3 5. As shown in Figure 6, Figure 7, and Figure 8.

Since the buffer sail 7 has two connection points 71 connected to the first side of the roadway to the damping device 8 , the other two connection points 71 brought to the second side 1b by the inner rod 62 are disconnected from the inner rod 62 and then connected to the damping device 8 , when the air wave arrives, the buffer sail 7 is blown up by the air wave, the four connection points 71 pull the damping device 8, and the damping device 8 does work, which can consume the energy of the air wave. Appropriate buffer stroke and buffer force can be designed through calculation, so that the buffer sail 7 itself and the connection between the buffer sail 7 and the damping device 8 can withstand the impact and last for a period of time, so as to achieve the effect of consuming air wave energy.

As shown in FIG. 3 to FIG. 5 , the inner rod 62 includes an innermost rod 621 and at least one layer of a middle rod 622 sheathed between the hollow sleeve rod 61 and the innermost rod 621 , and the inner and outer ends of the middle rod 622 are open. , the inner end of the middle rod 622 is provided with a limit block 63 that matches the limit ring 64 on the inner edge of the outer end of the hollow sleeve rod 61, the rear end of the innermost rod 621 is provided with a limit block 63, and the inner end of the outer end of the middle rod 622 A limit ring 64 matching the limit block 63 is provided along the edge.

The ejection rod 6 can be composed of multi-stage plungers. The innermost rod 621 and the middle rod 622 are both sheathed in the hollow sleeve rod 61. When the ejection device 65 is triggered, the innermost rod 621 is ejected and passes through the end of the innermost rod 621. The limiting device at the end drives the middle-level rods 622 to pop out. The middle-level rods 622 can be set in multiple stages, and finally all the middle-level rods 622 are ejected, so that the ejection rods 6 are shorter in length when not in use, and the length can be the same as the width of the roadway 1 when protruding. match. A sealing ring is provided between the innermost rod 621 , the middle rod 622 and the hollow sleeve rod 61 .

The adapter device 9 can be a raised structure sleeved on the top end of the inner rod 62, on which the connection point 71 of the buffer sail 7 is connected. When the elastic rod 6 is not ejected, as shown in FIG. 13, the adapter device 9 is installed on the The top end of the inner rod 62, when the elastic rod 6 is ejected, moves to the other side 1b of the roadway 1 together with the inner rod 62, and docks with the receiving device 10. As shown in FIG. 14, the inner rod 62 and the adapter device 9 pass through Set weak elastic clamps 91, etc. to ensure that when the system is not working and the elastic rod 6 is ejected, the adapter 9 and the inner rod 62 do not fall off, and the adapter 9 and the receiving device 10 are combined without affecting the rotation. The connection between the connecting device 9 and the receiving device 10 and the next action, that is to say, after the elastic rod 6 is ejected and the air wave starts to impact the device, the connecting device 9 and the receiving device 10 can be separated smoothly, as shown in Figure 15 shown. The structure of the receiving device 10 can be a hollow spherical body, an opening 101 matching the adapter device 9 is arranged in the direction facing the ejection rod, a guide plate 102 that converges inward is arranged outside the opening, and the guiding slope of the adapter device 9 is provided. 92, a one-way door 103, a ratchet pawl, etc. with sufficient strength are provided inside the opening 101, and the adapter 9 is provided with a raised stop 93 that matches the one-way door, so that the adapter 9 is blocked by the inner rod. After being pushed into the receiving device 10 , the buffer sail 7 will not fall out of the receiving device 10 when the buffer sail 7 is impacted by air waves. A limit stop is set on the position where the receiving device 10 is in contact with the top end of the inner rod 62, so that the inner rod 62 stops at a proper position, ensuring that the transfer device 9 is sent into the receiving device 10 and at the same time preventing the remaining kinetic energy of the inner rod 62 Crash the receiving device 10 .

The ejection mechanism 65 has two implementations. One is to provide a gas generating unit communicating with the bottom of the hollow sleeve rod 61. The gas generating unit is provided with a gas generating agent, and the gas generating agent is connected to the triggering device, and the triggering device is connected to the signal processing control device. The tail end or top end of the innermost rod 621 is closed, and the tail end of the hollow sleeve rod is closed. As shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 , both ends of the middle rod 622 are open. When triggered, the gas generating agent is detonated, and the high-pressure gas pushes the inner rod 62 out, and the speed of the ejection rod is very fast, which can also respond in time to the situation that the original distance of the air wave is very short.

The gas generating unit may use a gas generator similar to the principle of an automobile airbag. The explosive force of the gas powder in the gas generator is enough to quickly eject the inner rod and the middle rod. After calculation, the gas generator is filled with about 5 to 6 grams of gas medicine. The gas medicine can be a nitrate-based gas generating agent. Generally, it can include a reducing agent and an oxidizing agent. The reducing agent can be a carbohydrazide complex, and the oxidizing agent is KCLO4 Or KNO3, the specific amount can be obtained according to the actual situation, according to experiments and calculations.

The second ejection mechanism is a spring and a spring trigger mechanism (not shown in the figure) arranged at the bottom of the hollow sleeve rod, and the spring trigger mechanism is connected to the signal processing control device.

As shown in Figure 3, Figure 4, Figure 5, Figure 6, Figure 7, Figure 8, an inner rod track 11 is provided at the top and/or bottom of the roadway 1, the inner rod track 11 is perpendicular to the direction of the roadway, and the top of the inner rod 62 is installed The inner rod slider 12 matched with the inner rod track 11. The arrangement of the inner rod track 11 and the inner rod slider 12 can make the direction of the inner rod 62 more certain when the inner rod 62 pops up, and make the transfer device and the receiving device more reliable and accurate butt joint more accurately.

The damping device 8 is a device used to dissipate movement energy, and can also be called an energy-consuming device or an energy-absorbing device. Can. The damping device 8 may be various dampers, or a hydraulic device, a weight block or a spring for connecting ropes, or the like. The damping device 8 is connected to the reduction gear 13 . The deceleration device 13 can increase the buffering stroke, thereby reducing the buffering force, so that the buffer sail itself and the connection between the buffer sail and the damping device can withstand the impact and last for a period of time, so as to achieve the effect of consuming the energy of air waves. The reduction gear 13 is a pulley block or a reduction gear.

The damping device 8 and the deceleration device 13 can be installed on the roadway wall, and the buffer device is connected by a rope. The damping device 8 and the deceleration device 13 may be installed at a position intermediate the upper ejection lever 6a and the lower ejection lever 6b.

In one embodiment, as shown in FIG. 9 and FIG. 10 , the damping device 8 is a weight 81, and the deceleration device 13 is a pulley block, which is connected by a rope, and then connected to the buffer sail through a plurality of rollers, splitter pulleys, hoisting pulleys, etc. 7 corners. The at least two ropes connecting the damping device 8 and the deceleration device 13 are divided into two upper and lower paths by the splitter wheel 17, and the upper and lower connection points 71 are distributed and connected. The connection point 71 of the sail 7 can move in two directions, left and right, and can adapt to the impacting air waves from both directions.

Other forms of the damping device 8 and the deceleration device 13 may be hydraulic devices, decelerators, etc., as shown in FIGS. 6 to 8 . The rope at one end of the connection point 71 is connected to the output shaft of the reducer (not shown in the figure), and the output shaft can be wound with multiple turns of rope. When the buffer sail 7 moves, the output shaft rotates to release the rope, and the output shaft also The rope is connected by a rack and pinion mechanism. The hydraulic device is connected to the input shaft of the reducer through a rope or chain, or a rack and pinion mechanism.

The damping means 8 are arranged on the first side 1a and the second side 1b of the roadway 1 . It can also be arranged on only one side, and the connection points 71 on the first side and the second side of the roadway are connected by a series of diverting rollers. When the ejection rod 6 is not installed on the side of the roadway 1, but is installed on the ceiling or the ground, the position of the damping device 8 can be adjusted according to the situation, and the damping device 8 is connected with the buffer sail 6 through a series of steering rollers (not shown in the figure). out).

In addition, rails 14 parallel to the direction of the roadway are arranged at the top and bottom of the first side and the second side of the roadway 1, as shown in Figure 3, Figure 4, Figure 5, Figure 6, Figure 7, Figure 8, The two connection points 71 of the buffer sail 7 near the first side of the roadway are connected to the sliding device 15 that can slide along the track, and the sliding device 15 is connected to the buffer device 4; the receiving device 10 can slide along the track 14, and the receiving device 10 Connect the buffer device 4. The sliding device 15 can be a slider arranged in the track 14, or the track is a sliding rod, and the sliding device 15 is a collar;

Tracks 14 are arranged on the four corners of the roadway 1, sliding devices are arranged on the tracks 14, and the connection points 71 on the four corners of the buffer sail 7 are connected to the sliding device 15, so that the four corners of the buffer sail 7 can be moved. The connection points 71 are always in close contact with the four corners of the roadway 1 , so that the opening of the buffer sail 7 is larger, as shown in FIGS. 6 to 11 .

Of course, the connection points 71 on the four corners of the buffer sail 7 may also not be connected to the track 14, but directly connect the buffer device 4 through ropes, so that the connection points 71 on the four corners of the buffer sail 7 will leave the The four corners of the roadway 1 will take the shape of quadrilateral sails when they move under the impact of the air waves, and the effective area to intercept the air waves will be smaller.

A connecting rod 16 is provided between the two connection points 71 of the first side 1a of the roadway 1, and a connecting rod 16 can also be set between the two connection points of the second side 1b of the roadway 1. The two sides of the buffer sail are connected to The rods are connected in one piece, as shown. Among the four connection points 71 of the buffer sail 7, the two are connected by rigid connecting rods 16, and the connecting rods 16 are connected with the sliding device 15 and the receiving device 10, so that the two ends of the connecting rods 16 also move along the track 14, As shown in FIG. 12 , the gap between the buffer sail 7 and the roadway wall is reduced, and the open area of the buffer sail 7 is larger.

After the protection system of the present invention is installed, an outer protective film can be arranged outside.

Claims (10)

1. An automatic buffer protection system for mining goaf collapse and impact air wave, comprising a sensor, a signal processing control device and a buffer device installed in a roadway, the sensor is connected to the signal processing control device, and the signal processing control device is connected to the buffer device , It is characterized in that: the buffer device includes a pop-up rod, a buffer sail and a damping device, The ejecting rod includes a first ejecting rod and a second ejecting rod, which are respectively installed at both ends of the first side of the roadway. A hollow sleeve rod fixed on the side wall, an inner rod sleeved in the hollow sleeve rod and slidable along the hollow sleeve rod, the bottom of the hollow sleeve rod is provided with a pop-up mechanism that can eject the inner rod, and the length of the inner rod is the same as the length of the inner rod. The width of the roadway is matched, the outer edge of the tail end of the inner rod is provided with a limit block, and the inner edge of the outer end of the hollow sleeve rod is provided with a limit ring matching the limit block; The buffer sail includes connection points arranged at four corners, wherein two adjacent connection points are connected to the damping device at the top and/or bottom of the first side of the roadway, and the other two connection points are connected to the transfer device, The transfer device is detachably mounted on the top end of the inner rod; The top and bottom of the second side of the roadway are installed with receiving devices matched with the transfer device, and the receiving devices are connected with the damping device. 2. The automatic buffer protection system for mining goaf collapse and impact air wave according to claim 1, characterized in that: the inner rod comprises an innermost rod and at least one layer of the hollow sleeve rod and the innermost rod. The middle-layer rod between them, the inner and outer ends of the middle-layer rod are open, the inner end of the middle-layer rod is provided with a limit block matching the limit ring on the inner edge of the outer end of the hollow sleeve rod, and the innermost rod A limit block is set at the tail end of the middle rod, and a limit ring matched with the limit block is set on the inner edge of the outer end of the middle rod. 3. The automatic buffering protection system for collapsed impact air waves in a mining goaf according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the ejection mechanism is provided with a gas generating unit communicated with the bottom of the hollow sleeve rod, and the The gas generating unit is provided with a gas generating agent, the gas generating agent is connected to a trigger device, the trigger device is connected to a signal processing control device, and the inner rod is closed. 4. The mine goaf collapse impact air wave automatic buffer protection system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the ejection mechanism is a spring and a spring trigger mechanism arranged at the bottom of the hollow sleeve rod, so The spring trigger mechanism is connected to the signal processing control device. 5 . The automatic buffering protection system for collapsed impact air waves in a mining goaf according to claim 4 , wherein the damping device is a hydraulic device, a heavy block connecting a rope or a spring. 6 . 6 . The automatic buffering protection system for collapsed impact air waves in a mining goaf according to claim 5 , wherein the damping device is connected to a deceleration device. 7 . 7 . The automatic buffering protection system for mining goaf collapse and impact air wave according to claim 6 , wherein the deceleration device is a pulley block or a decelerator. 8 . 8. The automatic buffering protection system for mining goaf collapse and impacting air waves according to claim 5, characterized in that: it further comprises tracks arranged at both ends of the first side and the second side of the roadway, and the buffer sails two connection points close to the first side of the roadway are connected to a sliding device that can slide along the track, and the sliding device is connected to the buffer device; The receiving device can slide along the track, and the receiving device is connected with the buffer device. 9. The automatic buffering protection system for mining goaf collapse and impact air wave according to claim 8, characterized in that: a connecting rod is provided between the two connecting points on the first side of the roadway, and/or A connecting rod is provided between the two connecting points on the second side of the roadway. 10. The automatic buffering protection system for collapsing and impacting air waves in a mining goaf according to claim 6, characterized in that: it further comprises an inner rod track arranged on the top and/or bottom of the roadway, and the top of the inner rod is installed with the The inner rod slider that matches the inner rod track.

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