CN112251235A - Preparation method of steel slag-based curing agent and treatment system and method of Cd-polluted soil - Google Patents
Preparation method of steel slag-based curing agent and treatment system and method of Cd-polluted soil Download PDFInfo
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- E02D3/123—Consolidating by placing solidifying or pore-filling substances in the soil and compacting the soil
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a steel slag-based curing agent and a treatment system and method of Cd polluted soil, wherein desulfurized gypsum and steel slag are weighed for later use; fully and uniformly mixing the desulfurized gypsum and the steel slag to obtain a heavy metal contaminated soil curing agent; the processing system comprises a processing unit positioned on a crawler excavator and a film covering unit positioned on a soil compactor, wherein the processing unit comprises an excavator main control room, an excavator main operating platform, a first excavator arm and a second excavator arm; a Cd contaminated soil treatment method comprises the following steps: charging the curing agent prepared in claim into a curing agent storage tank; controlling a soil breaking stirrer through the wall of the excavator to break soil and crush the Cd polluted soil; the steel slag and desulfurized gypsum mixed curing agent powder and water are sprayed into the soil. The preparation method of the curing agent adopts industrial waste residue materials, is green and environment-friendly, economic and wide in source, is easy to obtain materials, and has a simple preparation method and easy implementation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of environmental rock and soil, in particular to a preparation method of a steel slag-based curing agent and a treatment system and method of Cd polluted soil.
Background
Recent national survey shows that, according to the national soil environment quality standard, 16% of samples of soil and 19% of samples of agricultural soil are polluted, wherein heavy metal pollution accounts for 82.4% of the total number of the polluted soil samples, and cadmium (Cd) pollution accounts for the first place among the heavy metals. When a human body takes cadmium at a high dose for a long time, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and hypertension can be caused, and renal failure, lumbago, brittle osteoporosis, spinal deformity and other diseases can be caused. Cd is one of the five-toxic elements of heavy metal, and has the characteristics of long decomposition period, high mobility, high toxicity, difficult degradation, easy enrichment and the like. Cadmium in the polluted soil exists on the surface of soil particles and in the particles, so that the remediation treatment difficulty is high.
The heavy metal polluted soil after the curing/stabilizing treatment not only greatly reduces or eliminates the harmfulness, but also greatly improves the compressive strength, the compactness, the CBR, the resilience modulus, the shear strength and the like, can be used as highway subgrade, building site and the like, effectively ensures the environmental safety and improves the utilization rate of the polluted soil. However, most of the existing curing agents have single function, high cost and large energy consumption, so that the development of a novel curing agent which can improve the impermeability, the dry-wet cycle resistance and the freeze-thaw cycle resistance besides the curing function is urgently needed.
For heavy metal Cd polluted soil, the currently common curing agents mainly comprise Portland cement (Portland cement), slag, steel slag, biochar, lime and the like. Portland Cement (PC) and lime curing agents are the most widely used curing agents at present. However, the production of the conventional Portland cement curing agent is accompanied by a large amount of greenhouse gas carbon dioxide (CO)2) And (4) discharging. However, the production of conventional portland cement is accompanied by a large amount of carbon dioxide (CO) which is a greenhouse effect gas2) And (4) discharging. According to statistics, the cement is produced by cement production every yearThe total amount of the raw carbon dioxide gas accounts for about 5 percent of the total amount of the global carbon dioxide emission. And with the continuous progress of human industrial and agricultural activities, the emission of carbon dioxide also increases year by year, which not only threatens the physical and mental health of people, but also brings serious harm to the living environment of human beings. And for the common cement solidified soil, the curing time is usually 14d-28d to ensure that certain strength requirements can be met after curing, and the carbonized solidified soil can achieve the same effect only by days or even hours. For heavy metal Cd polluted soil, CdCO can be generated under the carbonization condition3The elution amount of Cd is greatly reduced. Therefore, the carbonization technology is applied to the Cd polluted soil, which is beneficial to realizing the development requirement of low carbon and environmental protection and has good economic effect.
As a country with large resource consumption, China produces more industrial waste materials every year, such as steel output and steel slag discharge amount which are more than half of the total amount of the world, but the utilization rate is low, and the utilization amount only accounts for about 20% of the total amount. Far behind other developed countries. The steel slag piled in large quantity not only occupies land and wastes resources, but also can cause river siltation and peripheral soil alkalization if discharged into water, and harmful substances in the steel slag can bring serious harm to human beings and living environment thereof. The carbonization is an effective means by utilizing the steel slag, the pH value of the carbonized material of the steel slag is neutral, the carbonized material has better freezing resistance, carbon dioxide corrosion resistance, ion permeation resistance, durability and heavy metal curing capability, and the prepared building material has good stability and strong durability. The steel slag has good absorption and fixation effects on carbon dioxide, and also has the potential of solidifying heavy metal Cd polluted soil. The desulfurized gypsum is a main waste of a coal-fired power plant, can stimulate the carbonization and hydration activity of steel slag, but the combined solidification of Cd heavy metal polluted soil by desulfurized gypsum, steel slag and carbon dioxide is not researched yet.
Based on the current pollution situation of heavy metal Cd in China, the low utilization rate of industrial waste materials and the advantages of the carbonization and solidification method, and in combination with the defects and problems of the current heavy metal Cd polluted soil treatment method, the method for treating Cd polluted soil by in-situ carbonization and solidification of the steel slag-based curing agent with low carbon, economy, reasonable resource utilization and high construction efficiency needs to be researched and developed urgently, and has important significance in the aspects of effectively utilizing carbon dioxide, industrial waste slag, steel slag and desulfurized gypsum and saving time and high-efficiency construction.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a preparation method of a steel slag-based curing agent, a treatment system and a treatment method of Cd polluted soil, wherein the preparation method of the curing agent adopts industrial waste slag materials, is green and environment-friendly, economic and wide in source, is easy to obtain materials, and is simple in preparation mode and easy to realize; in the preparation method of the curing agent, the steel slag and the carbon dioxide respectively have the excellent effect of curing heavy metal Cd polluted soil, the desulfurized gypsum further stimulates the carbonization activity of the steel slag, and the combined use combines the advantages together, so that the dissolution rate of Cd in the cured soil can be greatly reduced, and the carbonization curing mode greatly shortens the curing age and ensures certain strength compared with the standard curing mode; the Cd polluted soil treatment method has lower requirements on the concentration of carbon dioxide and the ventilation pressure of the carbon dioxide, so the equipment selection range is wider; the setting of low pressure and low concentration and the step of spreading the film after compaction further prevent carbon dioxide from permeating into the atmosphere in the carbonization process to cause secondary pollution, and improve the utilization rate of the carbon dioxide.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
a preparation method of a steel slag-based curing agent comprises the following steps:
s1: weighing desulfurized gypsum and steel slag for later use, wherein the mass ratio of the desulfurized gypsum to the steel slag is (4-5):50, the content of water in the desulfurized gypsum is less than 2%, the desulfurized gypsum and the steel slag are respectively crushed by a ball mill, and the specific surface area of the desulfurized gypsum is more than 800m2/kg, steel slag specific surface area 400-2/kg；
S2: and fully and uniformly mixing the desulfurized gypsum and the steel slag to obtain the heavy metal polluted soil curing agent.
Further, in the step S1, the desulfurized gypsum and the steel slag are respectively crushed by a ball mill, and the specific surface area of the desulfurized gypsum is more than 800m2/kg, steel slag specific surface area 400-2/kg。
A Cd polluted soil treatment system comprises a treatment unit positioned on a crawler excavator and a film coating unit positioned on a soil compactor, wherein the treatment unit comprises an excavator main control room, an excavator main operation table, a first excavator arm and a second excavator arm;
the first excavator arm is provided with a telescopic soil-entering rod, one end of the telescopic soil-entering rod is connected with the first excavator arm, the other end of the telescopic soil-entering rod is provided with a soil-breaking cone, a curing agent nozzle is arranged on the soil-breaking cone, the telescopic soil-entering rod is provided with a first rotating rod and a second rotating rod, both ends of the first rotating rod are provided with sprinkling nozzles, both ends of the second rotating rod are provided with stirrer connecting rods distributed in an array manner, both ends of each stirrer connecting rod are provided with soil-breaking stirrers, the telescopic soil-entering rod is provided with a rotation controller, and a curing agent passage rod is arranged in the telescopic soil-entering rod;
a support rod is arranged on the second excavator arm, a carbon dioxide channel rod is arranged on the support rod, carbon dioxide nozzles distributed in an array mode are arranged on the carbon dioxide channel rod, one end of the support rod is connected with the second excavator arm, and a sensor probe for detecting the water content and the pH value is arranged at the other end of the support rod;
the carbon dioxide storage tank, the curing agent storage tank and the water storage tank are respectively provided with a carbon dioxide conveying pipe, a curing agent conveying pipe and a water conveying pipe;
the carbon dioxide conveying pipe, the curing agent conveying pipe and the water conveying pipe all pass through a recorder;
the film covering unit comprises a soil compactor control room, a compactor and a film paving device.
Furthermore, one end of the carbon dioxide conveying pipe is communicated with the carbon dioxide storage tank, and the other end of the carbon dioxide conveying pipe is communicated with the carbon dioxide channel rod.
Furthermore, one end of the curing agent conveying pipe is communicated with the curing agent storage tank, and the other end of the curing agent conveying pipe is communicated with the curing agent channel rod.
Furthermore, one end of the water conveying pipe is communicated with the water storage tank, and the other end of the water conveying pipe is communicated with the water spraying nozzle.
A Cd contaminated soil treatment method comprises the following steps:
s10: charging the curing agent prepared in claim into a curing agent storage tank;
s20: controlling a soil breaking stirrer through the wall of the excavator to break soil and crush the Cd polluted soil;
s30: spraying the steel slag and desulfurized gypsum mixed curing agent powder and water into soil, uniformly stirring by using a soil breaking stirrer, detecting by using a sensor probe, and adjusting the curing agent and the water content in real time to ensure the soil water content and the maintenance humidity;
s40: rolling the treated heavy metal Cd polluted soil by a compaction instrument, and paving a film by a film paving device;
s50: introducing carbon dioxide gas through a carbon dioxide nozzle to carbonize and solidify the compacted polluted soil;
s60: repeating the steps S10-S50 until the repair of all construction points is completed
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the preparation method of the curing agent adopts industrial waste residue materials, is green and environment-friendly, economic and wide in source, easily obtains materials, and is simple in preparation mode and easy to realize;
2. in the preparation method of the curing agent, the steel slag and the carbon dioxide respectively have the excellent effect of curing the heavy metal Cd polluted soil, the desulfurized gypsum further stimulates the carbonization activity of the steel slag, and the combined use combines the advantages together, so that the dissolution rate of Cd in the cured soil can be greatly reduced, and the carbonization curing mode greatly shortens the curing age and ensures certain strength compared with the standard curing mode;
3. the method for treating the Cd polluted soil has lower requirements on the concentration of carbon dioxide and the ventilation pressure of the carbon dioxide, so that the equipment selection range is wider; the setting of low pressure and low concentration and the step of spreading the film after compaction further prevent carbon dioxide from permeating into the atmosphere in the carbonization process to cause secondary pollution, and improve the utilization rate of the carbon dioxide.
Drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the processing system of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
A preparation method of a steel slag-based curing agent comprises the following steps:
s1: weighing desulfurized gypsum and steel slag for later use, wherein the mass ratio of the desulfurized gypsum to the steel slag is (4-5):50, the content of water in the desulfurized gypsum is less than 2%, the desulfurized gypsum and the steel slag are respectively crushed by a ball mill, and the specific surface area of the desulfurized gypsum is more than 800m2/kg, steel slag specific surface area 400-2/kg。
S2: and fully and uniformly mixing the desulfurized gypsum and the steel slag to obtain the heavy metal polluted soil curing agent.
The utility model provides a Cd pollutes soil processing system, processing system is including the tectorial membrane unit that is located the processing unit on the crawler-type excavator and is located the firming machine, processing unit includes that the total control room 20 of excavator, the total operation panel 21 of excavator, first arm 15 and the second of digging the machine arm, crawler-type excavator pulls and has a freight carriage 22, be equipped with the record appearance 19 that is used for hydraulic pressure to carry and intelligent control on the crawler-type excavator, be equipped with carbon dioxide holding vessel 23, curing agent holding vessel 24 and water holding vessel 25 in the freight carriage 22.
Be equipped with retractable pole 7 that buries on first excavator arm 15, retractable pole 7 that buries's one end is connected with first excavator arm 15, the other end is equipped with broken earth awl 3, be equipped with curing agent spout 5 on the broken earth awl 3, retractable pole 7 that buries is equipped with first rotary rod 9 and second rotary rod 4, the both ends of first rotary rod 9 all are equipped with watering shower nozzle 6, the both ends of second rotary rod 4 all are equipped with array distribution's agitator connecting rod 10, the both ends of agitator connecting rod 10 all are equipped with broken earth agitator 1, retractable pole 7 that buries is equipped with rotation controller 2, be equipped with curing agent passageway pole 8 in the retractable pole 7 that buries.
And a support rod 11 is arranged on the second excavator arm, a carbon dioxide channel rod 16 is arranged on the support rod 11, carbon dioxide spray heads 17 distributed in an array manner are arranged on the carbon dioxide channel rod 16, one end of the support rod 11 is connected with the second excavator arm, and a sensor probe 18 for detecting the water content and the pH value is arranged at the other end of the support rod 11.
Carbon dioxide holding vessel 23, be equipped with carbon dioxide conveyer pipe 14 on curing agent holding vessel 24 and the water holding vessel 25 respectively, curing agent conveyer pipe 12 and water delivery pipe 13, carbon dioxide conveyer pipe 14's one end and carbon dioxide holding vessel 23 intercommunication, the other end and carbon dioxide passageway pole 16 intercommunication, curing agent conveyer pipe 12's one end and curing agent holding vessel 24 intercommunication, the other end and curing agent passageway pole 8 intercommunication, water delivery pipe 13's one end and water holding vessel 25 intercommunication, the other end and watering shower nozzle 6 intercommunication.
The carbon dioxide conveying pipe 14, the curing agent conveying pipe 12 and the water conveying pipe 13 all pass through a recorder 19,
the film covering unit comprises a soil compactor control room 28, a compactor 27 and a film laying device 26.
A treatment method of Cd contaminated soil comprises the following steps:
s10: charging the curing agent prepared in claim 1 into a curing agent storage tank 24;
s20: controlling the soil breaking stirrer 1 to break and crush the Cd polluted soil through the excavator wall 15;
s30: spraying the steel slag and desulfurized gypsum mixed curing agent powder and water into soil, uniformly stirring by using a soil breaking stirrer 1, detecting by using a sensor probe 18, and adjusting the curing agent and the water content in real time to ensure the soil water content and the maintenance humidity;
s40: rolling the treated heavy metal Cd polluted soil by a compaction instrument 27, and paving a film by a film paving device 26;
s50: introducing carbon dioxide gas through a carbon dioxide nozzle 17 to carbonize and solidify the compacted polluted soil;
s60: and (5) repeatedly completing the steps S10-S50 until the repair of all construction points is completed.
Examples
The leaching concentration of Cd in a heavy metal polluted soil site is 9.15mL/L, the pollution concentration is 9 times of that of 'hazardous waste identification standard leaching toxicity identification' (GB 5085.3-2007), the depth of the polluted soil is 3m, the area is 50m2, the water content is 18%, the plastic limit is 22.5%, the liquid limit is 44.5%, the specific gravity is 2.62, the unconfined compressive strength is less than 0.42MPa, and the organic matter content is 0.2%.
Setting the mixing amount of the curing agent to be 15% based on the total weight of the soil, weighing the curing agent according to the mass ratio of the desulfurized gypsum to the steel slag of 8%, and mechanically stirring for 7 minutes until the curing agent is uniform to obtain curing agent powder.
The prepared curing agent is charged into the curing agent storage tank 24.
The soil breaking stirrer 1 is controlled by the excavator wall 15 to break and crush the Cd polluted soil.
The steel slag and desulfurized gypsum mixed curing agent powder and water are respectively sprayed into the soil through a curing agent nozzle 5 and a water spraying nozzle 6 and are uniformly stirred by using a ground breaking stirrer 1, the stirring width is 3m, the stirring depth is 3m, the curing agent output speed is 1.475-2.950kg/s, and the water spraying speed is 0.425-0.806 kg/s.
And the curing agent and the water content are detected and adjusted in real time through the sensor probe 18 so as to ensure the soil water content and the curing humidity.
Rolling the treated heavy metal Cd polluted soil by a compaction instrument 27, and paving a film by a film paving device 26;
introducing carbon dioxide gas through a CO2 nozzle 17 to carbonize and solidify the compacted polluted soil, controlling the carbonization pressure to be 50-100KPa and the carbon dioxide delivery rate to be 0.063-0.113m3H; the carbonization time is 48-72 h.
After the Cd contaminated soil is carbonized and solidified in situ by the steel slag-based curing agent, the Cd is solidified2+The leaching concentration is less than 0.762mg/L, the unconfined compressive strength is more than 1.704MPa, and the permeability coefficient is less than 1.569 x 10-8cm/s。
In the description herein, references to the description of "one embodiment," "an example," "a specific example" or the like are intended to mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles, essential features, and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed.
Claims (7)
1. The preparation method of the steel slag-based curing agent is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: weighing desulfurized gypsum and steel slag for later use, wherein the mass ratio of the desulfurized gypsum to the steel slag is (4-5):50, the content of water in the desulfurized gypsum is less than 2%, the desulfurized gypsum and the steel slag are respectively crushed by a ball mill, and the specific surface area of the desulfurized gypsum is more than 800m2/kg, steel slag specific surface area 400-2/kg；
S2: and fully and uniformly mixing the desulfurized gypsum and the steel slag to obtain the heavy metal polluted soil curing agent.
2. The method for preparing the steel slag-based curing agent according to claim 1, wherein the desulfurized gypsum and the steel slag in the step S1 are respectively crushed by a ball mill, and the specific surface area of the desulfurized gypsum is more than 800m2/kg, steel slag specific surface area 400-2/kg。
3. The treatment system of Cd polluted soil by the curing agent prepared by the preparation method of the steel slag-based curing agent according to claim 1 is characterized by comprising a treatment unit positioned on a crawler excavator and a film coating unit positioned on a soil compactor, wherein the treatment unit comprises an excavator master control room (20), an excavator master console (21), a first excavator arm (15) and a second excavator arm, the crawler excavator pulls a transport carriage (22), the crawler excavator is provided with a recorder (19) for hydraulic conveying and intelligent control, and a carbon dioxide storage tank (23), a curing agent storage tank (24) and a water storage tank (25) are arranged in the transport carriage (22);
the soil breaking device is characterized in that a telescopic soil entering rod (7) is arranged on the first digging arm (15), one end of the telescopic soil entering rod (7) is connected with the first digging arm (15), a soil breaking cone (3) is arranged at the other end of the telescopic soil entering rod, curing agent nozzles (5) are arranged on the soil breaking cone (3), a first rotating rod (9) and a second rotating rod (4) are arranged on the telescopic soil entering rod (7), sprinkler nozzles (6) are arranged at two ends of the first rotating rod (9), stirrer connecting rods (10) distributed in an array mode are arranged at two ends of the second rotating rod (4), soil breaking stirrers (1) are arranged at two ends of each stirrer connecting rod (10), a rotary controller (2) is arranged on the telescopic soil entering rod (7), and a curing agent passage rod (8) is arranged in the telescopic soil entering rod (7);
a support rod (11) is arranged on the second excavator arm, a carbon dioxide channel rod (16) is arranged on the support rod (11), carbon dioxide spray heads (17) distributed in an array mode are arranged on the carbon dioxide channel rod (16), one end of the support rod (11) is connected with the second excavator arm, and a sensor probe (18) for detecting the water content and the pH value is arranged at the other end of the support rod;
the carbon dioxide storage tank (23), the curing agent storage tank (24) and the water storage tank (25) are respectively provided with a carbon dioxide conveying pipe (14), a curing agent conveying pipe (12) and a water conveying pipe (13);
the carbon dioxide conveying pipe (14), the curing agent conveying pipe (12) and the water conveying pipe (13) pass through a recorder (19);
the film covering unit comprises a soil compactor control room (28), a compactor (27) and a film paving device (26).
4. A treatment system according to claim 3, wherein the carbon dioxide transfer pipe (14) is in communication with a carbon dioxide storage tank (23) at one end and with a carbon dioxide channel bar (16) at the other end.
5. The treatment system according to claim 3, wherein the curing agent delivery pipe (12) has one end communicating with a curing agent storage tank (24) and the other end communicating with a curing agent passage rod (8).
6. A treatment system according to claim 3, wherein the water transport pipe (13) communicates at one end with a water storage tank (25) and at the other end with a sprinkler head (6).
7. The treatment method for Cd contaminated soil by using the treatment system as claimed in any one of claims 3 to 6, wherein the treatment method comprises the following steps:
s10: charging the curing agent prepared in claim (1) into a curing agent storage tank (24);
s20: controlling the soil breaking stirrer (1) to break soil and crush the Cd polluted soil through the excavator wall (15);
s30: spraying steel slag and desulfurized gypsum mixed curing agent powder and water into soil, uniformly stirring by using a soil breaking stirrer (1), detecting by using a sensor probe (18), and adjusting the curing agent and the water content in real time to ensure the water content and the curing humidity of the soil;
s40: rolling the treated heavy metal Cd polluted soil by a compaction instrument (27), and paving a film by a film paving device (26);
s50: introducing carbon dioxide gas through a carbon dioxide nozzle (17) to carbonize and solidify the compacted polluted soil;
s60: and (5) repeatedly completing the steps S10-S50 until the repair of all construction points is completed.
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| CN112796299A (en) * | 2021-03-12 | 2021-05-14 | 西安丽水河谷环境技术有限责任公司 | Construction method of soil stabilizer |
| CN114086539A (en) * | 2021-11-24 | 2022-02-25 | 安徽理工大学环境友好材料与职业健康研究院(芜湖) | Equipment and method for in-situ curing of building waste slurry |
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