CN112244192B - Low-moisture powder food sterilization device and sterilization method - Google Patents
Low-moisture powder food sterilization device and sterilization method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112244192B CN112244192B CN202010961403.8A CN202010961403A CN112244192B CN 112244192 B CN112244192 B CN 112244192B CN 202010961403 A CN202010961403 A CN 202010961403A CN 112244192 B CN112244192 B CN 112244192B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L3/00—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L3/00—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs
- A23L3/001—Details of apparatus, e.g. for transport, for loading or unloading manipulation, pressure feed valves
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L3/00—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs
- A23L3/003—Control or safety devices for sterilisation or pasteurisation systems
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L3/00—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs
- A23L3/16—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by heating loose unpacked materials
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- Food Preservation Except Freezing, Refrigeration, And Drying (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a low-moisture powder food sterilization device, which comprises: the sterilizing chamber is internally provided with a closed sterilizing cavity, and both ends of the sterilizing chamber are respectively provided with an air inlet and an air outlet which are communicated with the sterilizing cavity; the stirring unit is arranged in the sterilization cavity; the driving source is used for driving the stirring unit to stir; the electric heating ring is arranged on the outer wall of the sterilizing chamber; the gas path unit comprises a superheated steam inlet pipe, a dry hot air inlet pipe, an air outlet pipe and an air outlet pipe bypass; the temperature and humidity detection unit comprises a temperature and humidity sensor and a temperature sensor; and the volatile gas real-time detection unit comprises a gas detection device and a personal computer, the gas detection device is connected with the other end of the bypass of the gas outlet pipe, and the personal computer is electrically connected with the gas detection device. The invention can not only ensure the safety and quality of low-moisture powder food, but also detect the aroma change of the food in real time.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of food sterilization, in particular to a low-moisture powder food sterilization device and a sterilization method.
Background
Low moisture powder food refers to loose granular food materials and products with low moisture content, such as spices, dehydrated vegetables, vegetable powders, etc. The low-moisture powder food is generally processed by the processes of harvesting, cleaning, drying, crushing and the like, is easily polluted by microorganisms in the processing and storing processes, not only causes food spoilage and reduces the flavor and the nutritive value of the food, but also causes food poisoning and food-borne diseases easily caused by pathogenic bacteria such as salmonella, bacillus aceticus and the like, and seriously harms human health.
At present, the sterilization method of low-moisture powder food mainly comprises steam sterilization, irradiation sterilization, radio frequency sterilization and microwave sterilization. Steam sterilization is a moist heat sterilization method using steam as a heat transfer medium, steam has the characteristics of large latent heat and strong penetrating power, has better sterilization effect than dry heat, is the most widely applied food sterilization technology at present, but steam sterilization can form condensed water on the surface of food, the food needs to be dried again, and the food can generate cooking flavor due to long-term moist heat sterilization, thereby seriously affecting the food quality. The microwave sterilization and the radio frequency sterilization are characterized in that high-frequency alternating current electromagnetic waves are utilized to sterilize food, polar molecules are caused to rotate and rub through an electromagnetic field to convert electric energy into heat energy, the interior of the food is heated quickly, and the sterilization effect is achieved. At present, irradiation sterilization is widely applied to foods such as spices and the like with high requirements on flavor characteristics, the irradiation dose of the foods is regulated to be below 10kGy by the international atomic energy organization, but the microorganisms in the foods can be completely killed only by above 20kGy in the actual processing process, free radicals such as hydrogen peroxide, hydroxyl and the like generated by ionization of water molecules in the foods after irradiation can increase water activity, fat oxidation and protein hydrolysate can generate irradiation odor, and the acceptability of consumers to the irradiated foods is poor.
The spice contains volatile components such as terpenes, alcohols, ethers, aldehydes, esters and ketones, has special fragrance, and has effects of improving food flavor, taste and color, and sterilizing can cause content and composition change of the spice volatile components. At present, the flavor change of the sterilized spice is mainly analyzed by GC or GC-MS, and the volatile component change of the spice cannot be detected in real time in the sterilization process, so that the process cannot be controlled in time, and the quality of the material can be ensured.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a low-moisture powder food sterilization device which can ensure the safety and the quality of low-moisture powder food and can detect the aroma change of the food in real time.
The present invention achieves the above-described object by the following technical means.
A low moisture powdered food sterilization device, comprising:
the sterilization chamber is internally provided with a closed sterilization cavity, and both ends of the sterilization chamber are respectively provided with an air inlet and an air outlet which are communicated with the sterilization cavity;
the stirring unit is arranged in the sterilization cavity;
a driving source for driving the stirring unit to stir;
the electric heating ring is arranged on the outer wall of the sterilizing chamber;
the air path unit comprises an superheated steam inlet pipe, a dry hot air inlet pipe, an air outlet pipe and an air outlet pipe bypass, wherein one end of the superheated steam inlet pipe is connected with the air inlet, one end of the air outlet pipe is connected with the air outlet, one end of the dry hot air inlet pipe is connected with the superheated steam inlet pipe, and one end of the air outlet pipe bypass is connected with the air outlet pipe;
the temperature and humidity detection unit comprises a temperature and humidity sensor and a temperature sensor, the temperature and humidity sensor is used for detecting the temperature and the humidity of gas in the sterilization cavity, and the temperature sensor is used for detecting the temperature of materials in the sterilization cavity; and
volatile gas real-time detection unit, including gaseous detection device and personal computer, gaseous detection device with the other end of outlet duct bypass is connected, personal computer with gaseous detection device electricity is connected.
Preferably, the stirring unit includes a rotating shaft, a rotating bracket and a plurality of scrapers, the rotating bracket is mounted on the rotating shaft, the plurality of scrapers are mounted on the rotating bracket along a circumferential direction with an axis of the rotating shaft as a center, and one side of each scraper is in contact with a wall surface of the sterilization chamber.
Preferably, the stirring unit includes rotation axis, a plurality of runing rest and a plurality of scraper blade, the runing rest is the slice, and a plurality of runing rest are the heliciform and distribute on the rotation axis, runing rest's one end with the rotation axis is connected, the scraper blade with the runing rest one-to-one, the one end of scraper blade with the runing rest's the other end is connected, the other end of scraper blade is the bending form, makes the other end of scraper blade with the wall laminating in chamber of disinfecting.
Preferably, the rotating bracket is a rectangular sheet, and an included angle between the rotating bracket and the axis of the rotating shaft is 45 degrees.
Preferably, the scraper blade is made of Teflon material, and the thickness of the scraper blade is 2-4 mm.
Preferably, the air inlet is provided with a first filter screen, and the air outlet is provided with a second filter screen.
Preferably, the electric heating device further comprises a control unit, and the electric heating coil, the temperature and humidity detection unit and the driving source are all connected with the control unit.
Preferably, the system further comprises a first flow valve, a second flow valve, a stop valve and a third flow valve, wherein the first flow valve is arranged on the superheated steam inlet pipe, the second flow valve is arranged on the dry hot air inlet pipe, the stop valve is arranged on the air outlet pipe, the stop valve is positioned between the air outlet and the air outlet pipe bypass, and the third flow valve is arranged on the air outlet pipe bypass.
The invention also provides a method for sterilizing the low-moisture powder food, which comprises the following steps:
s1: powder food is put into the sterilization cavity, the electric heating ring and the driving source are started, and dry hot air with the flow speed of 1-1.5m/s is introduced into the sterilization cavity through the dry hot air inlet pipe, so that the temperature in the sterilization cavity is increased;
s2: detecting the temperature in the sterilization cavity through a temperature sensor, introducing superheated steam into the sterilization cavity through a superheated steam inlet pipe when the temperature in the sterilization cavity rises to a preset value, mixing the superheated steam with hot dry air, then introducing the mixed gas into the sterilization cavity, increasing the humidity in the sterilization cavity, monitoring the temperature and humidity of gas in the sterilization cavity through a temperature and humidity sensor, and adjusting the introduction amount of the superheated steam if the humidity is too high and the temperature is too high;
s3: after the food materials reach the sterilization set temperature, keeping the temperature and the humidity in the sterilization cavity, and calculating the equivalent sterilization time;
s4: and after the preset sterilization time is reached, closing the electric heating ring and the driving source, stopping introducing the dry hot air and the superheated steam, and taking out the sterilized food.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. when the invention is used for sterilization, the sterilization cavity is preheated to reach the set temperature, and then superheated steam is introduced, so that the superheated steam can be prevented from forming condensed water when meeting low-temperature materials, and the materials do not need to be dried again. The superheated steam is introduced into the sterilization cavity for sterilization, so that the temperature and the humidity in the sterilization cavity can be increased, the effect is better than that of dry heat sterilization, the water loss of the food can be reduced, and the quality of the food is ensured. The gas that flows out passes through the trachea bypass and gets into detection device with partial gas, and the volatile component that real-time detection food loses after being heated.
2. According to the invention, the volatile gas real-time detection device can be used for detecting the content change of volatile substances during food sterilization, and the result is displayed by the computer, so that the sterilization process is conveniently adjusted, and the food aroma loss is reduced.
3. The stirring unit is coaxially fixed with the material barrel, the rotating speed is controllable, the scraper is contacted with the inner wall of the material barrel at a certain angle, and during sterilization, the stirring unit rotates to continuously scoop up food materials to be fully contacted with hot air and the inner wall of the material barrel, so that the materials are heated more uniformly, and the problem that the food on the barrel wall is burnt is avoided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a low-moisture powder sterilizing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a first schematic structural diagram of the stirring unit according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view II of the stirring unit according to the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the material barrel of the invention.
In the figure:
1-material cylinder; 2-heating a ring; 3-end cover; 4-a base; 5-a first filter screen; 6-an air inlet; 7-a superheated steam inlet pipe; 8-a first flow valve; 9-a second flow valve; 10-dry hot air inlet pipe; 11-a second filter screen; 12-air outlet; 13-a stop valve; 14-an air outlet pipe; 15-air outlet pipe bypass; 16-a third flow valve; 17-a reduction motor; 18-a coupling; 19-rotating shaft through hole; 20-a rotation axis; 21-rotating the support; 22-waist slot holes; 23-a scraper; 24-a temperature and humidity sensor; 25-a temperature sensor; 26-a gas detection device; 27-a personal computer; 28-feed inlet; 29-a feed valve; 30-a discharge hole; 31-a discharge valve.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "axial," "radial," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," "outer," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are not to be considered limiting. Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations by those of ordinary skill in the art.
First, a low-moisture powdered food sterilization apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, a sterilization apparatus for low moisture powdered food according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a sterilization chamber, a stirring unit, a driving source, an electric heating coil 2, an air path unit, a temperature and humidity detecting unit, and a volatile gas real-time detecting unit.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the sterilizing chamber includes a material barrel 1, an end cover 3 and a base 4, the material barrel 1 is of a cylindrical structure with an opening at the left end, the material is 304 stainless steel, the material is horizontally fixed through the base 4, the end cover 3 is of a flange structure, the material is of a high-temperature-resistant, corrosion-resistant and non-toxic material, and preferably a teflon material, and the material is used for sealing the opening at the left end of the material barrel 1. The end cover 3 and the inner wall of the material barrel 1 form a sterilization cavity, and the electric heating ring 2 is coated on the outer wall of the material barrel 1 and is tightly attached to the outer wall of the material barrel 1 so as to ensure the heat transfer efficiency.
The gas path unit comprises an overheated steam inlet pipe 7, a hot dry air inlet pipe 10, an air outlet pipe 14, an air outlet pipe bypass 15, a first flow valve 8, a second flow valve 9, a stop valve 13 and a third flow valve 16, one end of the overheated steam inlet pipe 7 is connected with the air inlet 6, one end of the air outlet pipe 14 is connected with the air outlet 12, one end of the hot dry air inlet pipe 10 is connected with the overheated steam inlet pipe 7, and one end of the air outlet pipe bypass 15 is connected with the air outlet pipe 14. The first flow valve 8 is arranged on the superheated steam inlet pipe 7, the second flow valve 9 is arranged on the dry hot air inlet pipe 10, and the humidity of the heated air is controlled by adjusting the first flow valve 8 and the second flow valve 9; a shut-off valve 13 is provided on the outlet pipe 14, the shut-off valve 13 is located between the outlet 12 and an outlet pipe bypass 15, and a third flow valve 16 is provided on the outlet pipe bypass 15.
Further, according to an embodiment of the present invention, a first filter 5 and a second filter 11 are installed inside the air inlet 6 and the air outlet 12, respectively, for preventing powder from clogging the pipe.
The temperature and humidity detection unit comprises a temperature and humidity sensor 24 and a temperature sensor 25, the temperature and humidity sensor 24 is installed on the upper side of the right end of the material barrel 1 and used for detecting the temperature and humidity of gas in the sterilization cavity, and the temperature sensor 25 is installed on the lower side of the right end of the material barrel 1 and used for detecting the temperature of the material in the sterilization cavity.
The volatile gas real-time detection unit comprises a gas detection device 26 and a personal computer 27, wherein the gas detection device 26 is connected with the other end of the outlet pipe bypass 15, preferably a z-Nose4300 gas chromatography analyzer is used for detecting the components of the exhaust gas, the personal computer 27 is electrically connected with the gas detection device 26, and the personal computer 27 is used for displaying and storing a gas detection spectrogram.
The stirring unit comprises a rotating shaft 20, a rotating bracket 21 and a plurality of scraping plates 23, the rotating bracket 21 is installed on the rotating shaft 20, the scraping plates 23 are installed on the rotating bracket 21 along the circumferential direction by taking the axis of the rotating shaft 20 as the center, the driving source is a speed reducing motor 17, the speed reducing motor 17 is connected with the rotating shaft 20, and the speed reducing motor 17 drives the rotating shaft 20 to rotate, so that the scraping plates 23 rotate in the sterilization cavity to stir the materials in the sterilization cavity. In order to prevent the material from adhering to the inner wall of the sterilization cavity, in this embodiment, one side of the scraper 23 contacts with the wall surface of the sterilization cavity, so that the scraper 23 can scrape the material on the wall surface of the sterilization cavity in the stirring process.
Further, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the scraper 23 is made of teflon, has a thickness of 2-4mm, is flexible when being attached to the inner wall of the material barrel 1, and has no gap with the inner wall of the material barrel 1 during stirring.
Further, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the electric heating coil 2, the temperature and humidity sensor 24, the temperature sensor 25, and the reduction motor 17 are all controlled by the control unit.
Further, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the upper left end of the material barrel 1 may be provided with a feeding port 28 and a feeding valve 29, the lower right end thereof is provided with a discharging port 30 and a discharging valve 31, the stirring unit may be designed as a spiral pushing structure, and the material is pushed forward while being stirred, so as to achieve continuous sterilization; stirring unit includes rotation axis 20, a plurality of runing rest 21 and a plurality of scraper blade 23, a plurality of runing rest 21 are the heliciform and distribute on rotation axis 20, runing rest 21 designs into rectangular lamellar, become 45 welding on rotation axis 20 with the rotation axis, the welding makes rotation axis 20 and runing rest 21 not have the joint gap, avoid powder food to pile up in the gap and be difficult to clean, scraper blade 23 and runing rest 21 one-to-one, the one end of scraper blade 23 is connected with runing rest 21's the other end, the other end of scraper blade 23 is crooked form, make the other end of scraper blade 23 and the wall laminating in the chamber of disinfecting. The scraper 23 and the rotating bracket 21 are used together for stirring and pushing the materials.
The method for sterilizing the low-moisture powder food is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1: powder food is put into the material cylinder 1, the material cylinder 1 is sealed by an end cover 3, an electric heating ring 2 and a speed reducing motor 17 are started, a second flow valve 9 and a stop valve 13 are opened, and dry hot air with the flow rate of 1-1.5m/s is introduced to increase the temperature in the sterilization cavity;
s2: detecting the temperature in the sterilization cavity through a temperature sensor 25, opening a first flow valve 8 when the temperature in the sterilization cavity rises to a preset value, introducing superheated steam, mixing the superheated steam with hot dry air, then introducing the mixed superheated steam into the sterilization cavity, increasing the humidity in the sterilization cavity, monitoring the temperature and humidity of gas in the sterilization cavity through a temperature and humidity sensor 24, and adjusting the introduction amount of the superheated steam if the humidity is too high and the temperature is too high;
s3: after the food materials reach the sterilization set temperature, keeping the temperature and the humidity in the sterilization cavity, and calculating equivalent sterilization time;
s4: after reaching the preset sterilization time, according to the sequence: and (3) powering off the electric heating ring 2, stopping stirring, stopping introducing gas, closing the stop valve 13, and taking out the sterilized food.
The above is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and the actual structure is not limited thereto, and any obvious improvement, replacement or modification can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
In the description of the specification, reference to the description of "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples" or the like means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the principle and spirit of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A low-moisture powdered food sterilization device is characterized by comprising:
the sterilization chamber is internally provided with a closed sterilization cavity, and both ends of the sterilization chamber are respectively provided with an air inlet (6) and an air outlet (12) which are communicated with the sterilization cavity;
the stirring unit is arranged in the sterilization cavity; the stirring unit comprises a rotating shaft (20), a plurality of rotating supports (21) and a plurality of scraping plates (23), the rotating supports (21) are sheets, the rotating supports (21) are spirally distributed on the rotating shaft (20), one ends of the rotating supports (21) are connected with the rotating shaft (20), the scraping plates (23) correspond to the rotating supports (21) one to one, one ends of the scraping plates (23) are connected with the other ends of the rotating supports (21), the other ends of the scraping plates (23) are bent, so that the other ends of the scraping plates (23) are attached to the wall surface of the sterilization cavity, the rotating supports (21) are rectangular sheets, and an included angle between the rotating supports (21) and the axis of the rotating shaft (20) is 45 degrees; or the stirring unit comprises a rotating shaft (20), a rotating bracket (21) and a plurality of scrapers (23), the rotating bracket (21) is mounted on the rotating shaft (20), the scrapers (23) are mounted on the rotating bracket (21) along the circumferential direction by taking the axis of the rotating shaft (20) as the center, and one side of each scraper (23) is in contact with the wall surface of the sterilization cavity;
a driving source for driving the stirring unit to stir;
the electric heating ring (2) is arranged on the outer wall of the sterilizing chamber;
the air path unit comprises an overheated steam inlet pipe (7), a hot dry air inlet pipe (10), an air outlet pipe (14) and an air outlet pipe bypass (15), one end of the overheated steam inlet pipe (7) is connected with the air inlet (6), one end of the air outlet pipe (14) is connected with the air outlet (12), one end of the hot dry air inlet pipe (10) is connected with the overheated steam inlet pipe (7), and one end of the air outlet pipe bypass (15) is connected with the air outlet pipe (14);
the temperature and humidity detection unit comprises a temperature and humidity sensor (24) and a temperature sensor (25), the temperature and humidity sensor (24) is used for detecting the temperature and humidity of gas in the sterilization cavity, and the temperature sensor (25) is used for detecting the temperature of materials in the sterilization cavity; and
volatile gas real-time detection unit, including gas detection device (26) and personal computer (27), gas detection device (26) with the other end of outlet duct bypass (15) is connected, personal computer (27) with gas detection device (26) electricity is connected.
2. The sterilization device for low-moisture powdered food as claimed in claim 1, wherein said scraper (23) is made of Teflon material, and the thickness of said scraper (23) is 2-4 mm.
3. A sterilization device for low moisture powdered food as claimed in claim 1, wherein a first filter (5) is provided at said air inlet (6) and a second filter (11) is provided at said air outlet (12).
4. The sterilization device for low-moisture powdered food according to claim 1, further comprising a control unit, wherein the electric heating coil (2), the temperature and humidity detection unit and the driving source are all connected with the control unit.
5. The sterilization apparatus for low-moisture powdered food according to claim 1, further comprising a first flow valve (8), a second flow valve (9), a stop valve (13), and a third flow valve (16), wherein the first flow valve (8) is disposed on the superheated steam inlet pipe (7), the second flow valve (9) is disposed on the hot and dry air inlet pipe (10), the stop valve (13) is disposed on the air outlet pipe (14), the stop valve (13) is disposed between the air outlet (12) and the air outlet bypass (15), and the third flow valve (16) is disposed on the air outlet bypass (15).
6. A sterilization method using the low-moisture powdered food sterilization device of claim 1, comprising the steps of:
s1: powder food is put into the sterilization cavity, the electric heating ring (2) and the driving source are started, and dry hot air with the flow speed of 1-1.5m/s is introduced into the sterilization cavity through the dry hot air inlet pipe (10) to increase the temperature in the sterilization cavity;
s2: detecting the temperature in the sterilization cavity through a temperature sensor (25), introducing superheated steam into the sterilization cavity through a superheated steam inlet pipe (7) when the temperature in the sterilization cavity rises to a preset value, mixing the superheated steam with hot dry air, then introducing the mixed gas into the sterilization cavity, increasing the humidity in the sterilization cavity, monitoring the temperature and humidity of the gas in the sterilization cavity through a temperature and humidity sensor (24), and adjusting the introduction amount of the superheated steam if the humidity is too high and the temperature is too high;
s3: after the food materials reach the sterilization set temperature, keeping the temperature and the humidity in the sterilization cavity, and calculating the equivalent sterilization time;
s4: and after the preset sterilization time is reached, closing the electric heating ring (2) and the driving source, stopping introducing the dry hot air and the superheated steam, and taking out the sterilized food.
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