CN112242131A - Bubble acoustic metamaterial - Google Patents
Bubble acoustic metamaterial Download PDFInfo
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- CN112242131A CN112242131A CN202011378651.6A CN202011378651A CN112242131A CN 112242131 A CN112242131 A CN 112242131A CN 202011378651 A CN202011378651 A CN 202011378651A CN 112242131 A CN112242131 A CN 112242131A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/162—Selection of materials
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Abstract
The invention discloses a bubble acoustic metamaterial, and particularly discloses a metamaterial-based concept, wherein bubbles are stably fixed in water through a special frame structure by utilizing the compressibility of the bubbles, and the sound insulation effect of the metamaterial can be adjusted and improved by changing the shape, size and spacing distance of the bubbles of a bubble film and the type of a filling medium to adjust the frequency corresponding to a sound insulation peak. According to the bubble acoustic metamaterial, the bubble film can be made of a light polymer material, and compared with the traditional film acoustic metamaterial, the bubble acoustic metamaterial omits the design of an additional mass block, and is simpler, more convenient and more easily available. The single-layer structure unit of the bubble acoustic metamaterial can achieve the low-frequency sound insulation effect, can be a single-layer structure or the periodic arrangement or assembly of a multi-layer structure, meets the actual size requirement on site, improves the arrangement efficiency and the overall stability, and can be widely applied to the fields of engineering, equipment and the like in ships.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of acoustic metamaterials, and particularly relates to a bubble acoustic metamaterial for controlling low-frequency noise.
Background
With the rapid development of science and technology, the noise control requirements for the industries such as engines, early warning machines, large-scale highways, ships, automobiles and the like are higher and higher. The traditional sound absorption and insulation technology can only eliminate high-frequency noise, and the low-frequency noise is difficult to control due to the characteristics of strong body penetrating capability and long propagation distance. Traditional sound insulating materials follow the law of mass action and isolation of low frequency noise is generally achieved by increasing the areal density of the material, which is not suitable in many applications.
The acoustic metamaterial is a periodic sub-wavelength composite material or structure with negative equivalent characteristics, which is designed through an artificial structure, breaks through the limitation of mass action law, and draws the attention of extensive researchers. The film-type acoustic metamaterial has stable physical properties, is widely applied to low-frequency damping and noise reduction technologies, for example, the film-type acoustic metamaterial shows good sound insulation performance in a low-frequency range, but the film-type acoustic metamaterial generally needs to be added with a mass block to realize a sound insulation effect, and has certain limitation.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problem that low-frequency noise in the field of ships is difficult to effectively isolate at present, the invention designs the bubble acoustic metamaterial, and the bubble acoustic metamaterial can realize a good sound insulation effect in a low-frequency range.
The bubble acoustic metamaterial is based on the concept of the metamaterial, utilizes the compressibility of bubbles, stably fixes the bubbles in water through a special frame structure, and can control the size, the interval and the total number of the bubbles through designing and adjusting the frame structure, so that the bubble acoustic metamaterial is applied to the field of underwater sound insulation.
A bubble acoustic metamaterial has a structural unit composed of a frame structure with a periodic structure and a filling medium.
According to the present invention, the structural unit is formed by filling a medium with a bubble film having a periodic structure and then sealing the same.
According to the invention, the structural unit is formed by immersing the 3D printed frame structure in a filling medium.
Furthermore, the multi-layer structure units can be stacked layer by layer to form a device, so that the sound insulation requirements under different environments are met.
According to the invention, the material of the bubble film is polypropylene, polyester, polyurethane, polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, nylon, cellulose acetate or polyimide, and the thickness and the prestress of the bubble film can be set according to actual requirements.
According to the invention, the shape of the bubbles of the bubble film is circular, square, triangular, hexagonal, pentagonal, any polygonal, honeycomb or elliptical.
According to the invention, the bubbles in the bubble film are in a tetragonal arrangement or a hexagonal arrangement.
According to the invention, the bubbles of the bubble film are independent or communicated.
According to the invention, the distance between bubbles in the bubble film is 0.1 cm-10 cm.
Furthermore, the distance between the bubbles in the bubble film is 0.1 cm-5 cm.
According to the invention, the filling medium is a normally liquid substance.
Further, the filling medium is water, glycerin, silicone oil, ethanol, sodium chloride aqueous solution, polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution or sodium polyacrylate aqueous solution.
According to the invention, the number of the bubbles on the bubble film per square decimeter is more than 1.
Furthermore, the number of the bubbles on the bubble film per square decimeter is 2-50.
According to the invention, the number of layers is greater than or equal to 1.
Further, the number of layers is 1 to 10.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the bubble acoustic metamaterial, the bubble film can be made of a light polymer material, and compared with the traditional film acoustic metamaterial, the bubble acoustic metamaterial omits the design of an additional mass block, and is simpler, more convenient and more easily available.
2. The invention can form a metamaterial with a very wide band gap by constructing a frame structure of a periodic structure in water, and the metamaterial has a negative bulk modulus in the band gap frequency and can block sound waves in the frequency range.
3. The bubble acoustic metamaterial can adjust and improve the sound insulation effect by changing the parameters of the periodic structure frame. The frequency corresponding to the sound insulation peak can be adjusted by changing the shape, size and spacing distance of the bubbles of the bubble film and the type of the filling medium. If the bubble size (D) is reduced, the sound-deadening band shifts to a high frequency; if the thickness (H) of the bubble acoustic metamaterial is reduced, the sound insulation frequency band moves to high frequency; if the inter-layer distance (L) of the bubble film is reduced, the sound insulation frequency band moves to a low frequency; if the thickness (T) of the air bubbles is reduced, the sound isolation band shifts to a high frequency.
4. The single-layer structure unit of the bubble acoustic metamaterial can achieve the low-frequency (the maximum coverage waveband of the single-layer structure unit is 100Hz-50 kHz) sound insulation effect, and can also be a single-layer structure or a periodic arrangement or assembly of a multi-layer structure, so that the actual size requirement on the site is met, the arrangement efficiency and the overall stability are improved, and the bubble acoustic metamaterial can be widely applied to the fields of engineering, equipment and the like in ships.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a geometric parameter diagram of a bubble acoustic metamaterial in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a plan view of a film of circular bubbles arranged in a square in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a simulated acoustic transmission spectrum of the bubble acoustic metamaterial prepared in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a plan view of the film of oblong air bubbles arranged in a square in example 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a plan view of a cell film having interconnected cells in example 3 of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a plan view of a hexagonal array of circular bubble films in example 4 of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a top view of a two-layer tetragonal array of circular bubble films in example 5 of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a top view of a three-layer tetragonal array circular bubble film in example 6 of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is an experimentally measured acoustic transmission spectrum of the bubble acoustic metamaterial prepared in embodiment 6 of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a front view of a 3D printed formed bubble acoustic metamaterial prepared in example 7 of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is an acoustic transmission spectrum of the bubble acoustic metamaterial prepared in example 7 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples.
Example 1
A circular bubble film is selected to be a frame structure with a periodic structure, and the circular bubble film is made of polyester. The arrangement mode of the air bubbles is square arrangement, and the thickness of the air bubble film is 0.1 mm. FIG. 1 is a geometric parameter diagram of a bubble acoustic metamaterial. Fig. 2 is a plan view of a square array of circular bubble films. And folding the bubble film shown in the figure 2, performing hot-press sealing to form a pocket shape, and filling glycerol to prepare the bubble acoustic metamaterial. The performance is as follows: h (thickness of the bubble acoustic metamaterial) is 24mm, L (intralayer spacing of the bubble film) is 30mm, D (bubble diameter) is 20mm and T (bubble thickness) is 4 mm. The sound shielding effect of the bubble acoustic metamaterial is measured experimentally, and the obtained simulated acoustic transmission spectrum is shown in fig. 3. The sound shielding effect of more than 30dB is achieved in the range of 550Hz-24.5 kHz.
Example 2
And selecting the elliptical bubble film as a frame structure with a periodic structure, wherein the arrangement mode of the bubbles is tetragonal arrangement. The properties of the bubble film are as follows: the material is polypropylene, the distance between bubbles is 1cm, and the number of bubbles on the bubble film per square decimeter is 20. Fig. 4 is a plan view of a tetragonal arrangement of elliptical bubble films.
Example 3
The air bubbles in the air bubble film are arranged in a communicating way. The properties of the bubble film are as follows: the material is polyethylene, the space between bubbles is 0.5cm, and the number of bubbles on the bubble film per square decimeter is 30. Fig. 5 is a plan view of a film having interconnected air cells.
Example 4
And selecting a frame structure with a periodic structure as the circular bubble film, wherein the arrangement mode of the bubbles is hexagonal arrangement. The properties of the bubble film are as follows: the material is nylon, the bubble space is 0.4cm, and the number of bubbles on the bubble film per square decimeter is 40. Fig. 6 is a plan view of a hexagonal array of circular bubble films.
Example 5
Selecting a circular bubble film as a frame structure with a periodic structure, wherein the properties of the bubble film are as follows: the material is polyvinyl chloride, the space between bubbles is 0.8cm, and the number of bubbles on the bubble film per square decimeter is 10. The frame structures of two such periodic structures are combined into one device. FIG. 7 is a top view of a two-layer tetragonal array of circular bubble films.
Example 6
And selecting a circular bubble film as a frame structure with a periodic structure, and combining three frame structures with the periodic structure into a device. The properties of the bubble film are as follows: the material is cellulose acetate, and the bubble interval is 2cm, and the number of bubbles on per square decimeter bubble film is 2. Fig. 8 is a top view of the three-layer tetragonal array of circular bubble films. The device is sealed into a pocket shape by a hot pressing method, and the pocket shape is sealed into the bubble acoustic metamaterial after water is canned. The performance is as follows: when H (thickness of the bubble acoustic metamaterial) is 24mm, L (inter-layer spacing of a bubble film) is 30mm, D (bubble diameter) is 20mm and T (bubble thickness) is 4mm, a sound shielding effect of 30dB or more is obtained in the range of 550Hz-25.8 kHz. The simulation calculation of the acoustic transmission spectrum obtained by the experimental measurement is shown in fig. 9.
Example 7
The method comprises the steps of preparing a hydrophobic structure from a nylon powder material (with the thermal deformation temperature of 145 ℃) by using a selective laser sintering process and a 3D printer (EOS P500), directly placing the prepared structure in water, forming air bubbles in a frame base unit, and further preparing the air bubble acoustic metamaterial, wherein the size of the air bubbles is 4mm, and the distance between the air bubbles is 15 mm. As shown in fig. 10. The acoustic transmission spectrum of the structure is shown in FIG. 11, and the sound shielding effect is more than 30dB at 3kHz-25 kHz.
Claims (10)
1. A bubble acoustic metamaterial is characterized in that a structural unit of the bubble acoustic metamaterial is composed of a frame structure with a periodic structure and a filling medium.
2. The bubble acoustic metamaterial according to claim 1, wherein the structural units are formed by filling a medium with a bubble film having a periodic structure and then sealing.
3. The bubble acoustic metamaterial according to claim 1, wherein the structural units are formed by 3D printed frame structures immersed in a fill medium.
4. The bubble acoustic metamaterial according to claim 1, wherein the filling medium is a normally liquid substance; preferably, the filling medium is water, glycerol, silicone oil, ethanol, aqueous sodium chloride solution, aqueous polyvinyl alcohol solution or aqueous sodium polyacrylate solution.
5. The bubble acoustic metamaterial according to claim 1, wherein multiple layers of structural units can be stacked layer by layer to form a device, so that sound insulation requirements under different environments can be met.
6. The bubble acoustic metamaterial according to claim 2, wherein the bubble membrane is made of polypropylene, polyester, polyurethane, polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, nylon, cellulose acetate or polyimide, and the thickness and the prestress of the bubble membrane can be set according to actual requirements.
7. The bubble acoustic metamaterial according to claim 2, wherein the bubble shape of the bubble film is circular, square, triangular, hexagonal, pentagonal, any polygonal, honeycomb, or elliptical; the air bubbles in the air bubble film are arranged in a square or hexagonal way; the bubbles of the bubble film are independent or communicated.
8. The bubble acoustic metamaterial according to claim 2, wherein the bubble spacing is 0.1cm to 10 cm; preferably, the distance between the bubbles is 0.1 cm-5 cm; the number of the bubbles on the bubble film per square decimeter is more than 1; preferably, the number of the bubbles is 2 to 50.
9. The bubble acoustic metamaterial according to claim 5, wherein the number of layers is greater than or equal to 1; preferably, the number of layers is 1-10.
10. An application of a bubble acoustic metamaterial in the field of low-frequency noise.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202011378651.6A CN112242131A (en) | 2020-12-01 | 2020-12-01 | Bubble acoustic metamaterial |
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| CN202011378651.6A CN112242131A (en) | 2020-12-01 | 2020-12-01 | Bubble acoustic metamaterial |
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| CN112242131A true CN112242131A (en) | 2021-01-19 |
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Citations (12)
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| JPH0823754B2 (en) * | 1989-10-11 | 1996-03-06 | 西村産業有限会社 | Sound insulation |
| US5851626A (en) * | 1997-04-22 | 1998-12-22 | Lear Corporation | Vehicle acoustic damping and decoupling system |
| JP2004021246A (en) * | 2002-06-14 | 2004-01-22 | Junsei:Kk | Sound-absorption structure by specification of particle structure of foamed body |
| JP2008096637A (en) * | 2006-10-11 | 2008-04-24 | Sekisui Chem Co Ltd | Acoustic material |
| US8857563B1 (en) * | 2013-07-29 | 2014-10-14 | The Boeing Company | Hybrid acoustic barrier and absorber |
| CN105845121A (en) * | 2016-04-19 | 2016-08-10 | 黄礼范 | Sound-insulating, ventilating and heat transfer enhancing acoustic metamaterial unit, composite structure and preparation method |
| CN109003598A (en) * | 2018-06-13 | 2018-12-14 | 西安交通大学 | Sheet-type acoustic metamaterial sound insulation room structure |
| US20190139529A1 (en) * | 2015-10-30 | 2019-05-09 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Subwavelength Acoustic Metamaterial With Tunable Acoustic Absorption |
| CN111171227A (en) * | 2020-01-07 | 2020-05-19 | 北京理工大学 | Underwater flexible Schroeder scatterer composite structure and preparation method thereof |
| KR102147621B1 (en) * | 2020-02-12 | 2020-08-24 | 김재성 | Structure for reduction noise between floors |
| CN111883094A (en) * | 2020-07-02 | 2020-11-03 | 大连理工大学 | Honeycomb edge-folded structure film acoustic metamaterial |
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2020
- 2020-12-01 CN CN202011378651.6A patent/CN112242131A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0823754B2 (en) * | 1989-10-11 | 1996-03-06 | 西村産業有限会社 | Sound insulation |
| JPH05273986A (en) * | 1990-03-06 | 1993-10-22 | Barracuda Technol Ab | Silencer for underwater use |
| US5851626A (en) * | 1997-04-22 | 1998-12-22 | Lear Corporation | Vehicle acoustic damping and decoupling system |
| JP2004021246A (en) * | 2002-06-14 | 2004-01-22 | Junsei:Kk | Sound-absorption structure by specification of particle structure of foamed body |
| JP2008096637A (en) * | 2006-10-11 | 2008-04-24 | Sekisui Chem Co Ltd | Acoustic material |
| US8857563B1 (en) * | 2013-07-29 | 2014-10-14 | The Boeing Company | Hybrid acoustic barrier and absorber |
| US20190139529A1 (en) * | 2015-10-30 | 2019-05-09 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Subwavelength Acoustic Metamaterial With Tunable Acoustic Absorption |
| CN105845121A (en) * | 2016-04-19 | 2016-08-10 | 黄礼范 | Sound-insulating, ventilating and heat transfer enhancing acoustic metamaterial unit, composite structure and preparation method |
| CN109003598A (en) * | 2018-06-13 | 2018-12-14 | 西安交通大学 | Sheet-type acoustic metamaterial sound insulation room structure |
| CN111171227A (en) * | 2020-01-07 | 2020-05-19 | 北京理工大学 | Underwater flexible Schroeder scatterer composite structure and preparation method thereof |
| KR102147621B1 (en) * | 2020-02-12 | 2020-08-24 | 김재성 | Structure for reduction noise between floors |
| CN111883094A (en) * | 2020-07-02 | 2020-11-03 | 大连理工大学 | Honeycomb edge-folded structure film acoustic metamaterial |
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