CN112240907B - Acoustic propagation calculation method considering influence of bubble mixing layer under shallow-sea fluctuating sea surface - Google Patents

Acoustic propagation calculation method considering influence of bubble mixing layer under shallow-sea fluctuating sea surface Download PDF

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CN112240907B
CN112240907B CN201910649379.1A CN201910649379A CN112240907B CN 112240907 B CN112240907 B CN 112240907B CN 201910649379 A CN201910649379 A CN 201910649379A CN 112240907 B CN112240907 B CN 112240907B
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姚美娟
鹿力成
马力
郭圣明
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种浅海起伏海面下考虑气泡混合层影响的声传播计算方法，所述方法包括：通过蒙特卡洛方法生成一维起伏海面，得到海面参数；对不含气泡层的水中声速剖面进行修正，得到声速剖面参数；计算气泡混合层因散射吸收引起的衰减系数，得到吸收衰减参数；对气泡混合层进行水平非均匀处理，在深度上修正声速剖面参数和吸收衰减参数，得到与海面具有一致起伏性的气泡混合层；将所述海面参数、修正后的声速剖面参数和修正后的吸收衰减参数写入输入文件，然后输入抛物模型，输出声场数据。本发明提出的方法可弥补已有的传统的起伏海面下的声传播计算方法没有考虑气泡混合层因素的不足，更加全面的考虑了海面风浪对声传播的影响。

Figure 201910649379

The invention discloses a method for calculating sound propagation under the undulating sea surface of shallow sea considering the influence of a bubble mixed layer. The method includes: generating a one-dimensional undulating sea surface through a Monte Carlo method to obtain sea surface parameters; Make corrections to obtain the sound velocity profile parameters; calculate the attenuation coefficient caused by the scattering and absorption of the bubble mixed layer to obtain the absorption attenuation parameters; perform horizontal non-uniform processing on the bubble mixed layer, correct the sound velocity profile parameters and absorption attenuation parameters at the depth, and obtain the same as the sea surface. A bubble mixing layer with consistent fluctuation; write the sea surface parameters, the corrected sound velocity profile parameters and the corrected absorption attenuation parameters into the input file, then input the parabolic model, and output the sound field data. The method proposed by the invention can make up for the deficiency that the existing traditional calculation method of sound propagation under the undulating sea surface does not consider the bubble mixed layer factor, and more comprehensively consider the influence of sea surface wind and waves on the sound propagation.

Figure 201910649379

Description

Acoustic propagation calculation method considering influence of bubble mixing layer under shallow-sea fluctuating sea surface
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of underwater sound physics, in particular to an acoustic propagation calculation method considering the influence of a bubble mixing layer under a shallow-sea fluctuating sea surface.
Background
The problem of sound propagation is always a hotspot and a difficulty of research of underwater sound workers, the sea surface serving as an upper boundary of an ocean waveguide has important influence on sound propagation, and the sea surface is generally regarded as an absolutely soft ideal boundary for a flat sea surface without wind wave influence, has a good reflection effect on underwater incident sound waves, and almost has no boundary reflection loss. Unfortunately, the sea surface is often fluctuated and uneven due to the influence of sea surface wind waves, and the rough sea surface boundary has both reflection and scattering effects on incident sound waves, so that the reflection loss of the sea surface can be caused; over the past several decades, there has been some progress in research work on the propagation of sound under rough sea caused by wind and waves.
The traditional acoustic propagation model under the rough sea surface is a simple normal wave model (Krakenc), a parabolic model (Ramsurf) and the like, wherein the parabolic model can generate a one-dimensional rough sea surface through a Monte Carlo method to be used as sea surface parameter input of the model, and finally, the acoustic propagation calculation under the rough sea surface can be carried out, but the influence of a near-sea-surface bubble mixed layer on the acoustic propagation caused by stormy wave stirring is not considered.
In practical situations, when rough sea surface is caused by heavy waves, a bubble mixing layer close to the sea surface can be formed by stirring of the heavy waves, the bubble mixing layer has scattering and absorbing effects on sound waves, the original sound velocity profile structure can be changed, and sound transmission is influenced to different degrees.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the technical defects and provide the sound propagation calculation method considering the influence of the bubble mixing layer under the fluctuating sea surface on the basis of the parabolic model, the method is suitable for sound propagation calculation in the heavy-wave weather, the influence of two factors of the fluctuating sea surface and the bubble mixing layer on the offshore surface on sound propagation under the heavy wave is comprehensively considered, and the sound propagation calculation precision is improved.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an acoustic propagation calculation method considering the influence of a bubble mixing layer under a shallow sea surface, the method including:
generating a one-dimensional fluctuating sea surface by a Monte Carlo method to obtain sea surface parameters;
correcting the underwater sound velocity profile without the bubble layer to obtain a sound velocity profile parameter;
calculating an attenuation coefficient of the bubble mixing layer caused by scattering absorption to obtain an absorption attenuation parameter;
carrying out horizontal non-uniform treatment on the bubble mixing layer, and correcting sound velocity profile parameters and absorption attenuation parameters in depth to obtain the bubble mixing layer with consistent fluctuation with the sea surface;
and writing the sea surface parameter, the corrected sound velocity profile parameter and the corrected absorption attenuation parameter into an input file, inputting the input file into a parabolic model, and outputting sound field data.
As an improvement of the above method, the generating a one-dimensional undulating sea surface by a monte carlo method to obtain the sea surface parameters specifically includes:
step 1-1) calculating power spectral density S (k) of rough sea surfacej) Comprises the following steps:
Figure BDA0002134642300000021
wherein, a0＝8.1×10-3β is 0.74, g is the acceleration of gravity, v19.5The wind speed is the wind speed at the height of 19.5m above the sea surface, and the unit is m/s; discrete wave number kjIs expressed as kj2 pi j/L, L being the total length of the rough surface sample;
step 1-2) generating a wave number spectrum F (k) by using Monte Carlo simulationj)：
Figure BDA0002134642300000022
Wherein, Δ k is the spatial wavenumber difference of adjacent harmonic samples in the spectral domain; n (0,1) represents a normally distributed random number with a mean value of 0 and a variance of 1; when j > 0, F (k)j) Satisfy the conjugate symmetry relationship F (k)j)＝F(k-j)*；
Step 1-3) for F (k)j) Fourier transformation is carried out to obtain a one-dimensional undulating sea surface f (x) with the length of Ln)：
Figure BDA0002134642300000023
Wherein x isnWhere n Δ x denotes the nth sample point on the rough surface, Δ x is roughSampling interval of rough surface, n ═ M/2+1, …, M/2; l is the total length of the rough surface sample, L ═ M × Δ x;
step 1-4) the one-dimensional fluctuating sea surface is (x)n,f(xn) The sea surface parameter is (x)n,f(xn)-min(f(xn)))。
As an improvement of the above method, the modifying the underwater sound velocity profile without the bubble layer to obtain the sound velocity profile parameter specifically includes:
if the size of the radius of the bubble is between 10 μm and 1000 μm, the distribution function of the bubble group is:
Figure BDA0002134642300000031
wherein a is the radius of the bubble, z is the depth of the water, v10The wind speed is 10m above the sea surface,
Figure BDA0002134642300000032
Figure BDA0002134642300000033
wherein: a isref(z)＝54.4+1.984×10-6z，
Figure BDA0002134642300000034
The method for correcting the sound velocity in water containing the bubble layer comprises the following steps:
Figure BDA0002134642300000035
wherein, cwIs the speed of sound in water without bubbles, cm(z) is the corrected speed of sound in water; where P (z) is the absolute hydrostatic pressure in the water, U (z) is the air pressure created by the bubble layer in the water:
Figure BDA0002134642300000036
wherein, amin10 μm is the minimum radius of the bubble; a ismax1000 μm is the maximum radius of the bubble;
the sound velocity profile parameters are as follows: (z, c)m(z))。
As an improvement of the method, the attenuation coefficient of the bubble mixed layer due to scattering absorption is calculated to obtain an absorption attenuation parameter; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
calculating attenuation coefficient alpha of the bubble mixed layer caused by scattering absorptionb(z)：
Figure BDA0002134642300000037
Wherein, Y ═ frF, f is the acoustic frequency, frIs the resonant frequency of the bubble with radius a at water depth z, and δ is the damping constant; the absorption attenuation parameter is (z, alpha)b(z))。
As an improvement of the method, the horizontal non-uniformity processing is carried out on the bubble mixing layer, and the sound velocity profile parameter and the absorption attenuation parameter are corrected in depth to obtain the bubble mixing layer with consistent undulation with the sea surface; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
for the sound velocity profile parameter (z, c)m(z)) and absorption attenuation parameters (z, α)b(z)) makes a correction in depth: (z + f (x)n)-min(f(xn))，cm(z)) and (z + f (x)n)-min(f(xn))，αb(z)); obtaining the corrected sound velocity profile parameter (z + f (x)n)-min(f(xn))，αb(z)) and a corrected absorption attenuation parameter (z + f (x)n)-min(f(xn))，αb(z))。
As an improvement of the above method, the sea surface parameter, the corrected sound velocity profile parameter, and the corrected absorption attenuation parameter are written into an input file, and then input into a parabolic model, and output sound field data, specifically:
the sea surface parameter (x)n,f(xn)-min(f(xn)))、
Corrected sound velocity profile parameter (z + f (x)n)-min(f(xn))，αb(z))
And the corrected absorption attenuation parameter (z + f (x)n)-min(f(xn)))
And writing the data into an input file of the parabolic sound field model Ramsurf, and outputting sound field data.
The invention has the advantages that:
1. the method comprehensively considers the influence of the fluctuating sea surface and the bubble mixing layer on sound propagation under the heavy stormy waves, and provides an algorithm model support for shallow sea sound field forecast in the heavy stormy weather;
2. the acoustic propagation calculation method considering the influence of the bubble mixing layer under the rough sea surface can make up the defect that the conventional acoustic propagation calculation method under the rough sea surface does not consider the factor of the bubble mixing layer, and more comprehensively considers the influence of sea surface stormy waves on acoustic propagation.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a rough sea surface and a bubble-mixed layer under high winds and waves;
FIG. 2 is a graph of the correction of the acoustic velocity in water for a hybrid layer containing bubbles;
FIG. 3 is an in-water attenuation coefficient for a mixed layer containing bubbles;
FIG. 4 is a graph of acoustic propagation loss at a wind speed of 10 m/s;
FIG. 5 is a graph of sound propagation loss at a wind speed of 13 m/s.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The method generates a one-dimensional fluctuating sea surface as the sea surface parameter of the model by a Monte Carlo method, calculates the attenuation coefficient of the bubble mixing layer caused by scattering absorption as the absorption attenuation parameter of the model, and corrects the underwater sound velocity profile without the bubble layer as the sound velocity profile parameter of the model.
The acoustic propagation calculation method comprises the five steps of generating a one-dimensional fluctuating sea surface, calculating an acoustic attenuation coefficient caused by the bubble mixing layer, correcting a sound velocity profile of the bubble mixing layer, processing horizontal non-uniformity of the bubble mixing layer and inputting a parabolic model to obtain a sound field:
step 1) generation of one-dimensional fluctuating sea surface:
and generating a PM spectrum one-dimensional fluctuating sea surface by using a Monte Carlo method.
The relief surface is considered to be formed by the superposition of a large number of harmonics, the amplitudes of which are independent gaussian random variables, the variance of which is proportional to the power spectrum S (k) of a specific wave numberj). One-dimensional rough surface samples of length L can be generated by:
Figure BDA0002134642300000051
wherein x isnWhere (n) denotes the nth sample point on the rough surface, wave number spectrum F (k) represents (M/2 +1, …, M/2) ═ n Δ xj) And f (x)n) Called Fourier transform pair, defined as:
Figure BDA0002134642300000052
wherein a discrete wave number k is definedjIs expressed as kj2 pi j/L, Δ k is the spatial wavenumber difference of adjacent harmonic samples in the spectral domain, S (k)j) The power spectral density of a rough sea surface represents the distribution of ocean wave energy relative to spatial wave numbers. N (0,1) represents a normally distributed random number with a mean of 0 and a variance of 1. When j > 0, F (k)j) Satisfy the conjugate symmetry relationship F (k)j)＝F(k-j)*。
The power spectral density of the PM spectrum is:
Figure BDA0002134642300000053
step 2) sound velocity profile correction of bubble mixing layer
The bubble swarm model adopts Hall-Novarini (HN) bubble swarm model, and the distribution function of the bubble swarm is as follows, assuming that the radius of the bubbles is between 10 mu m and 1000 mu m:
Figure BDA0002134642300000061
wherein a is the radius of the bubble, z is the depth of the water, v10Wind speed 10m above sea surface, in addition:
Figure BDA0002134642300000062
Figure BDA0002134642300000063
Figure BDA0002134642300000064
the method for correcting the sound velocity in water containing the bubble layer comprises the following steps:
Figure BDA0002134642300000065
wherein c iswIs the speed of sound in water without bubbles, cmIs the corrected speed of sound in water. Where P (z) is the absolute hydrostatic pressure in water and U (z) is the air pressure in water, the expression for U (z) at different wind speeds is derived as follows:
Figure BDA0002134642300000066
wherein, amin10 μm is the minimum radius of the bubble; a ismax1000 μm is the maximum radius of the bubble;
the sound velocity profile parameters are as follows: (z, c)m(z))。
Step 3) calculating the attenuation coefficient of sound wave caused by the bubble mixing layer
The bubbles in the water have a scattering and absorbing effect on the acoustic energy, causing attenuation of the acoustic energy. The calculation method of the attenuation coefficient comprises the following steps:
Figure BDA0002134642300000071
wherein, Y ═ frF, f is the acoustic frequency, frIs the resonant frequency of the bubble with radius a at water depth z, and δ is the damping constant.
The absorption attenuation parameter is (z, alpha)b(z))。
Step 4) horizontal non-uniform treatment of the bubble mixing layer
As shown in fig. 1, since the sea surface is undulating, the bubble mixed layer is also uneven in the horizontal direction and is horizontally non-uniform. Therefore, the bubble layer needs to be horizontally non-uniformly treated: and vertically displacing the bubble mixing layer, wherein the vertical displacement is equivalent to the displacement of the undulating sea surface relative to the sea level.
At the nth sampling point xnThe bubble mixing layer is displaced in depth by a distance f (x)n) The purpose of which is to mix the layer of bubbles with the one-dimensional undulating sea surface (x)n,f(xn) Have consistent undulations; the horizontal non-uniformity processing of the bubble mixing layer is embodied in the input file of the model, and is the horizontal non-uniformity of the sound velocity profile and the horizontal non-uniformity of the absorption attenuation coefficient. Thus, "at sample point n" xnThe bubble mixing layer is displaced in depth by a distance f (x)n) "for the sound velocity profile parameters (z, c)m(z)) and absorption attenuation parameters (z, α)b(z)) makes a correction in depth: (z + f (x)n)-min(f(xn))，cm(z)) and (z + f (x)n)-min(f(xn))，αb(z))；
Obtaining the corrected sound velocity profile parameter (z + f (x)n)-min(f(xn))，αb(z)) andcorrected absorption attenuation parameter (z + f (x)n)-min(f(xn))，αb(z))。
The horizontal non-uniformity processing of the bubble mixing layer is embodied in the input file of the model, and is the horizontal non-uniformity of the sound velocity profile and the horizontal non-uniformity of the absorption attenuation coefficient.
Step 5) said determining sea surface parameters (x)n,f(xn)-min(f(xn) X), absorption attenuation parameter (z + f (x))n)-min(f(xn))，cm(z)), sound velocity profile parameter (z + f (x)n)-min(f(xn))，αb(z)) writing the data into an input file of the parabolic sound field model Ramsurf, and outputting sound field data, wherein the data specifically comprises:
the input files are used as input files of a parabolic sound field model Ramsurf, and Ramsurf is operated to obtain sound field data considering the influence of a bubble mixing layer under shallow-sea fluctuating sea surfaces
The parabolic sound field model Ramsurf is a sound field calculation model under a fluctuating sea surface, and the format of an input file is as follows:
file name
Sound field frequency parameter, transmission depth parameter, reception depth parameter
Calculated level parameters: comprises calculating maximum horizontal distance, horizontal step length, and horizontal output step length
The calculated depth parameter: comprises calculating maximum depth, depth step length, depth output step length, and maximum sea depth
Reference sound velocity, Pedet approximation order, stability control coefficient, and stability control distance
Parameters of undulating sea surface
End mark of rough sea surface parameters: -1-1
Sea floor topography parameters
End mark of submarine topography parameters: -1-1
Sound velocity profile parameters (z + f (0) -min (f (0)), cm(z))
Sound velocity profile parameter end flag: -1-1
Absorption attenuation coefficient by bubble (z + f (0) -min (f (0)), αb(z))
End of bubble-induced absorption attenuation coefficient flag: -1-1
The subsea parameters include: seafloor acoustic velocity, seafloor density, seafloor attenuation.
Δx
Sound velocity profile parameters (z + f (Δ x) -min (f (Δ x)), cm(z))
Sound velocity profile parameter end flag: -1-1
Absorption attenuation coefficient by bubble (z + f (Δ x) -min (f (Δ x)), αb(z))
End of bubble-induced absorption attenuation coefficient flag: -1-1
The subsea parameters include: seafloor acoustic velocity, seafloor density, seafloor attenuation.
End of sea floor parameter marking: -1-1
2*Δx
Sound velocity profile parameters (z + f (2 x Δ x) -min (f (2 x Δ x)), cm(z))
Sound velocity profile parameter end flag: -1-1
Absorption attenuation coefficient by bubble (z + f (2. DELTA.x) -min (f (2. DELTA.x)), αb(z))
End of bubble-induced absorption attenuation coefficient flag: -1-1
The subsea parameters include: sea bottom sound velocity, sea bottom density, sea bottom attenuation
End of sea floor parameter marking: -1-1
3*Δx
Sound velocity profile parameters (z + f (3 Δ x) -min (f (3 Δ x)), cm(z))
Sound velocity profile parameter end flag: -1-1
Absorption attenuation coefficient by bubble (z + f (3. DELTA.x) -min (f (3. DELTA.x)), αb(z))
End of bubble-induced absorption attenuation coefficient flag: -1-1
The subsea parameters include: sea bottom sound velocity, sea bottom density, sea bottom attenuation
End of sea floor parameter marking: -1-1
●
●
●
M*Δx
Sound velocity profile parameters (z + f (M Δ x) -min (f (M Δ x)), cm(z))
Sound velocity profile parameter end flag: -1-1
Absorption attenuation coefficient by bubble (z + f (M.DELTA.x) -min (f (M.DELTA.x)), alphab(z))
End of bubble-induced absorption attenuation coefficient flag: -1-1
The subsea parameters include: sea bottom sound velocity, sea bottom density, sea bottom attenuation
End of sea floor parameter marking: -1-1
Example (c):
in an underwater acoustic environment with the water depth of 80m, the sound source depth is 20m, and the receiving depth is 20 m. The sound velocity profile in water containing no bubbles was 1500m/s, the sound velocity profile corrected by equation (5) is shown in FIG. 2, and the absorption attenuation profile calculated by equation (6) is shown in FIG. 3.
Carrying out horizontal non-uniform treatment on the bubble mixing layer to enable the bubble mixing layer to present the fluctuation consistent with the sea surface, as shown in figure 1; horizontal non-uniformity of the sound velocity profile and horizontal non-uniformity of the absorption attenuation coefficient are reflected in the input file. And (3) generating a random fluctuating sea surface every time by Monte Carlo, calculating the vertical displacement h (r) of the fluctuating sea surface relative to the sea level, and performing the same vertical displacement h (r) on the corrected sound velocity profile and the absorption attenuation coefficient on the basis, namely performing horizontal non-uniform treatment on the bubble mixing layer. And calculating a propagation loss curve with the center frequency of 3kHz and the bandwidth of one third octave bandwidth, wherein the frequency interval is 10 Hz. An average of 50 monte carlo methods was performed for each frequency.
FIG. 4 is a graph comparing a propagation loss curve at a smooth undersea (wind speed of 0m/s) with a propagation loss curve at a wind speed of 10 m/s; FIG. 5 is a graph comparing a propagation loss curve at a smooth sea surface with a propagation loss curve at a wind speed of 13 m/s. At a horizontal distance of 10km, the propagation loss at a wind speed of 10m/s is 10dB greater than the propagation loss at a wind speed of 0 m/s; at a horizontal distance of 10km, the propagation loss at a wind speed of 13m/s is 12dB greater than that at a wind speed of 0 m/s.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and are not limited. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

Claims (5)

1.一种浅海起伏海面下考虑气泡混合层影响的声传播计算方法，所述方法包括：1. A sound propagation calculation method considering the influence of a bubble mixed layer under the undulating sea surface of a shallow sea, the method comprising: 通过蒙特卡洛方法生成一维起伏海面，得到海面参数；The one-dimensional undulating sea surface is generated by the Monte Carlo method, and the sea surface parameters are obtained; 对不含气泡层的水中声速剖面进行修正，得到声速剖面参数；Correct the sound velocity profile in water without bubble layer to obtain the sound velocity profile parameters; 计算气泡混合层因散射吸收引起的衰减系数，得到吸收衰减参数；Calculate the attenuation coefficient of the bubble mixed layer due to scattering and absorption, and obtain the absorption attenuation parameter; 对气泡混合层进行水平非均匀处理，在深度上修正声速剖面参数和吸收衰减参数，得到与海面具有一致起伏性的气泡混合层；Perform horizontal non-uniform treatment on the bubble mixed layer, correct the sound velocity profile parameters and absorption attenuation parameters in depth, and obtain the bubble mixed layer with the same fluctuation as the sea surface; 将所述海面参数、修正后的声速剖面参数和修正后的吸收衰减参数写入输入文件，然后输入抛物模型，输出声场数据；Write the sea surface parameters, the modified sound velocity profile parameters and the modified absorption attenuation parameters into the input file, then input the parabolic model, and output the sound field data; 所述通过蒙特卡洛方法生成一维起伏海面，得到海面参数，具体包括：The one-dimensional undulating sea surface is generated by the Monte Carlo method, and the sea surface parameters are obtained, which specifically includes: 步骤1-1)计算粗糙海面的功率谱密度S(kj)为：Step 1-1) Calculate the power spectral density S(k j ) of the rough sea surface as:
Figure FDA0003096708000000011
Figure FDA0003096708000000011
 其中，a0＝8.1×10-3，β＝0.74，g是重力加速度，v19.5为海面上方19.5m高处的风速，单位为m/s；离散波数kj的表达式为kj＝2πj/L，L是粗糙表面样本的总长度；Among them, a 0 =8.1×10 -3 , β=0.74, g is the acceleration of gravity, v 19.5 is the wind speed at a height of 19.5m above the sea surface, the unit is m/s; the expression of discrete wave number k j is k j =2πj /L, L is the total length of the rough surface sample; 步骤1-2)利用蒙特卡洛仿真生成波数谱F(kj)：Step 1-2) Use Monte Carlo simulation to generate wavenumber spectrum F(k j ):
Figure FDA0003096708000000012
Figure FDA0003096708000000012
 其中，Δk为谱域相邻的谐波样本的空间波数差；N(0,1)表示均值为0，方差为1的正态分布的随机数；当j＞0时，F(kj)满足共轭对称关系F(kj)＝F(k-j)*；Among them, Δk is the spatial wavenumber difference between adjacent harmonic samples in the spectral domain; N(0,1) represents a normal distribution random number with mean 0 and variance 1; when j>0, F(k j ) Satisfy the conjugate symmetry relationship F(k j )=F(k -j ) * ; 步骤1-3)对F(kj)做Fourier变换，得到长度为L的一维起伏海面f(xn)：Step 1-3) Perform Fourier transform on F(k j ) to obtain a one-dimensional undulating sea surface f(x n ) with length L:
Figure FDA0003096708000000013
Figure FDA0003096708000000013
 其中，xn＝nΔx表示粗糙表面上第n个采样点，Δx是粗糙表面的采样间隔，n＝-M/2+1,…,M/2；L是粗糙表面样本的总长度，L＝M*Δx；Among them, x n =nΔx represents the nth sampling point on the rough surface, Δx is the sampling interval of the rough surface, n=-M/2+1,...,M/2; L is the total length of the rough surface sample, L= M*Δx; 步骤1-4)所述一维起伏海面为(xn,f(xn))，所述海面参数为(xn,f(xn)-min(f(xn)))。Step 1-4) The one-dimensional undulating sea surface is (x n , f(x n )), and the sea surface parameter is (x n , f(x n )-min(f(x n ))). 2.根据权利要求1所述的浅海起伏海面下考虑气泡混合层影响的声传播计算方法，其特征在于，所述对不含气泡层的水中声速剖面进行修正，得到声速剖面参数，具体包括：2. the calculation method of sound propagation considering the influence of the bubble mixed layer under the undulating sea surface of the shallow sea according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the described water speed profile without bubble layer is corrected to obtain sound speed profile parameters, specifically comprising: 若气泡半径大小在10μm到1000μm之间，则气泡群的分布函数为：If the bubble radius is between 10 μm and 1000 μm, the distribution function of the bubble group is:
Figure FDA0003096708000000021
Figure FDA0003096708000000021
 其中，a为气泡的半径，z为水深，v10为海面上方10m处的风速，where a is the radius of the bubble, z is the water depth, v 10 is the wind speed 10m above the sea surface,
Figure FDA0003096708000000022
Figure FDA0003096708000000022
Figure FDA0003096708000000023
Figure FDA0003096708000000023
 其中：aref(z)＝54.4+1.984×10-6z，
Figure FDA0003096708000000024
where: a ref (z)=54.4+1.984×10 -6 z,
Figure FDA0003096708000000024
 含气泡层的水中声速的修正方法为：The correction method for the speed of sound in water with a bubble layer is:
Figure FDA0003096708000000025
Figure FDA0003096708000000025
 其中，cw是不含气泡的水中声速，cm(z)是修正后的水中声速；其中P(z)是水中的绝对流体静力压强，U(z)是由水中气泡层产生的空气压强：where c w is the speed of sound in water without bubbles, and cm (z) is the corrected speed of sound in water; where P(z) is the absolute hydrostatic pressure in the water, and U(z) is the air generated by the bubble layer in the water pressure:
Figure FDA0003096708000000026
Figure FDA0003096708000000026
 其中，amin＝10μm为气泡的最小半径；amax＝1000μm为气泡的最大半径；Among them, a min =10μm is the minimum radius of the bubble; a max =1000μm is the maximum radius of the bubble; 所述声速剖面参数为：(z，cm(z))。The sound velocity profile parameter is: (z, cm (z)). 3.根据权利要求2所述的浅海起伏海面下考虑气泡混合层影响的声传播计算方法，其特征在于，所述计算气泡混合层因散射吸收引起的衰减系数，得到吸收衰减参数；具体包括：3. The sound propagation calculation method considering the influence of the bubble mixed layer under the undulating sea surface of the shallow sea according to claim 2, is characterized in that, the attenuation coefficient caused by the scattering and absorption of the bubble mixed layer is calculated to obtain the absorption attenuation parameter; specifically comprising: 计算气泡混合层因散射吸收引起的衰减系数αb(z)：Calculate the attenuation coefficient α b (z) of the bubble mixed layer due to scattering absorption:
Figure FDA0003096708000000031
Figure FDA0003096708000000031
 其中，Y＝fr/f，f是声频率，fr是半径为a的气泡在水深为z处的共振频率，另外，δ是阻尼常数；所述吸收衰减参数为(z，αb(z))。Wherein, Y=f r /f, f is the acoustic frequency, f r is the resonant frequency of the bubble with radius a at the water depth z, in addition, δ is the damping constant; the absorption attenuation parameter is (z, α b ( z)). 4.根据权利要求3所述的浅海起伏海面下考虑气泡混合层影响的声传播计算方法，其特征在于，所述对气泡混合层进行水平非均匀处理，在深度上修正声速剖面参数和吸收衰减参数，得到与海面具有一致起伏性的气泡混合层；具体为：4. The calculation method of sound propagation considering the influence of the bubble mixed layer under the undulating sea surface of the shallow sea according to claim 3, wherein the described bubble mixed layer is subjected to horizontal non-uniform processing, and the sound velocity profile parameters and absorption attenuation are corrected in depth. parameters to obtain a bubble mixed layer with consistent fluctuations with the sea surface; specifically: 对所述声速剖面参数(z，cm(z))和吸收衰减参数(z，αb(z))在深度上做一个修正：(z+f(xn)-min(f(xn))，cm(z))和(z+f(xn)-min(f(xn))，αb(z))；得到修正后的声速剖面参数(z+f(xn)-min(f(xn))，αb(z))和修正后的吸收衰减参数(z+f(xn)-min(f(xn))，αb(z))。Make a depth correction to the sound velocity profile parameters (z, cm (z)) and absorption attenuation parameters (z, α b (z)): (z+ f (x n )-min(f(x n ) )), cm (z)) and (z+ f (x n )-min(f(x n )), α b (z)); obtain the modified sound velocity profile parameters (z+f(x n ) -min(f(x n )), α b (z)) and the corrected absorption decay parameter (z+f(x n )-min(f(x n )), α b (z)). 5.根据权利要求4所述的浅海起伏海面下考虑气泡混合层影响的声传播计算方法，其特征在于，所述将所述海面参数、修正后的声速剖面参数和修正后的吸收衰减参数写入输入文件，然后输入抛物模型，输出声场数据，具体为：5. The sound propagation calculation method considering the influence of the bubble mixed layer under the undulating sea surface of the shallow sea according to claim 4, is characterized in that, the described sea surface parameter, the modified sound velocity profile parameter and the modified absorption attenuation parameter are written as Input the input file, then input the parabolic model, and output the sound field data, specifically: 将海面参数(xn,f(xn)-min(f(xn)))、Set the sea surface parameters (x n ,f(x n )-min(f(x n ))), 修正后的声速剖面参数(z+f(xn)-min(f(xn))，αb(z))Corrected sound velocity profile parameters (z+f(x n )-min(f(x n )), α b (z)) 和修正后的吸收衰减参数(z+f(xn)-min(f(xn)))and the corrected absorption decay parameter (z+f(x n )-min(f(x n ))) 写入到抛物声场模型Ramsurf的输入文件中，输出声场数据。Write to the input file of the parabolic sound field model Ramsurf, and output the sound field data.
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