CN112237156B - Autonomous social behavior testing device and experimental method for small animals - Google Patents
Autonomous social behavior testing device and experimental method for small animals Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN112237156B CN112237156B CN202011146624.6A CN202011146624A CN112237156B CN 112237156 B CN112237156 B CN 112237156B CN 202011146624 A CN202011146624 A CN 202011146624A CN 112237156 B CN112237156 B CN 112237156B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- rat
- social
- pipe
- door
- test chamber
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 95
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 94
- 230000011273 social behavior Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 title claims description 39
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 241000700159 Rattus Species 0.000 claims description 195
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000003028 elevating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 108700017511 rat Y acceptor Proteins 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 210000004556 brain Anatomy 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019788 craving Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 210000000078 claw Anatomy 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007405 data analysis Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003651 drinking water Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000020188 drinking water Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000384 rearing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007831 electrophysiology Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002001 electrophysiology Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 238000007630 basic procedure Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 241000699666 Mus <mouse, genus> Species 0.000 description 5
- 231100000569 acute exposure Toxicity 0.000 description 5
- 230000001684 chronic effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 206010000117 Abnormal behaviour Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001727 in vivo Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000003997 social interaction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 241000283984 Rodentia Species 0.000 description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010171 animal model Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 208000019901 Anxiety disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000699670 Mus sp. Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005856 abnormality Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036506 anxiety Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003542 behavioural effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000762 chronic effect Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000007428 craniotomy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002354 daily effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000003670 easy-to-clean Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000021824 exploration behavior Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000422 nocturnal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002360 prefrontal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000020016 psychiatric disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000003304 psychophysiological effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011552 rat model Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002618 waking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K29/00—Other apparatus for animal husbandry
- A01K29/005—Monitoring or measuring activity, e.g. detecting heat or mating
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K1/00—Housing animals; Equipment therefor
- A01K1/02—Pigsties; Dog-kennels; Rabbit-hutches or the like
- A01K1/03—Housing for domestic or laboratory animals
- A01K1/031—Cages for laboratory animals; Cages for measuring metabolism of animals
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K1/00—Housing animals; Equipment therefor
- A01K1/02—Pigsties; Dog-kennels; Rabbit-hutches or the like
- A01K1/035—Devices for use in keeping domestic animals, e.g. fittings in housings or dog beds
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06M—COUNTING MECHANISMS; COUNTING OF OBJECTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G06M1/00—Design features of general application
- G06M1/08—Design features of general application for actuating the drive
- G06M1/083—Design features of general application for actuating the drive by mechanical means
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06M—COUNTING MECHANISMS; COUNTING OF OBJECTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G06M1/00—Design features of general application
- G06M1/28—Design features of general application for zeroising or setting to a particular value
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K2267/00—Animals characterised by purpose
- A01K2267/03—Animal model, e.g. for test or diseases
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Clinical Laboratory Science (AREA)
- Biophysics (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
Abstract
A small animal autonomous social behavior testing device comprises a testing bin, wherein a preposed object pipe and a postposition pipe are respectively arranged on two outer walls of the testing bin, the preposed object pipe and the postposition pipe are respectively separated from the inside of the testing bin through a wire mesh, a guide slot, a lifting door and a lifting mechanism capable of driving the lifting door to lift are arranged on the side wall of the testing bin, the lifting mechanism comprises a motor, two sides of the lifting door are inserted into the guide slot, a microswitch is arranged on the inner wall of the testing bin and electrically connected with the lifting mechanism, the microswitch is electrically connected with a counter, the microswitch and the motor are electrically connected with a gate control circuit, the gate control circuit comprises a delay disconnection relay, a motor forward and reverse rotation controller, a delay conduction relay and a slide rheostat, and further comprises an infrared camera; the invention can more accurately represent the social initiative of animals, obtain more stable and reliable experimental results, and the electrophysiological results are easier to analyze, and the experimental device is convenient to assemble and disassemble.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of biological experiment devices, in particular to a device for testing autonomous social behaviors of small animals and an experiment method using the device.
Background
Social interactions are social activities that must be performed daily by social animals, including humans. Many experimental results show that good social interaction has positive effects on people or animals, while short-time social isolation can cause anxiety phenomena to people or animals, and long-time social isolation can greatly increase the risks of mental diseases. Therefore, the method has very important significance for social interaction, especially social research on subjective willingness.
The most representative of experiments in which animal socialization was studied were three-box social experiments. Although the experimental model can be used for analyzing the social behaviors of the animals, the analyzed data includes the time when the animals stay in a certain area and the time when the animals sniff, the former cannot accurately distinguish the blind exploration behaviors and the active social behaviors of the animals, and the latter has the subjectivity of experimenters.
The research on the psychophysiological mechanisms behind social behaviors is also the focus of scientific research. The animal can well help explain the neurobiology mechanism behind social behaviors through real-time in-vivo electrophysiological electroencephalogram recording and post analysis under the waking free activity state. However, in the social process, along with the dynamic change of the psychological state, the animal brain electricity also has dynamic change. How to subdivide the psychological change in the whole social process, further subdivide the dynamic change of the electroencephalogram, and then further explain the dynamic change process of the electroencephalogram is a big problem in the field at present, and no experimental device or experimental paradigm related to the method is applied to research the autonomous social behaviors of animals.
In order to solve the problems, a social behavior testing device needs to be further improved, and a social behavior testing device driven by the social willingness of a rodent per se and an experimental paradigm are designed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a device for testing the autonomous social behaviors of small animals based on the driving of the social willingness of rodents, and an experimental method applying the device.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: the utility model provides a little animal is social action testing arrangement independently, includes the test chamber, two outer walls are provided with leading thing pipe, after-putting thing pipe respectively around the test chamber, leading thing pipe and after-putting thing pipe all separate through the iron wire screen with the test chamber is inside, the export that test chamber was kept away from to leading thing pipe and after-putting thing pipe can be sealed, be provided with guide rail slot, overhead door and the elevating system that can drive the overhead door and go up and down on the test chamber lateral wall, elevating system includes the motor, and the overhead door both sides are inserted and are established in the guide rail slot, be provided with micro-gap switch on the test chamber inner wall, micro-gap switch and elevating system electricity are connected, two micro-gap switch sets up one side at two overhead doors respectively, micro-gap switch and counter electricity are connected, micro-gap switch, motor all are connected with the gate control circuit electricity, the gate control circuit includes the time delay disconnection relay, the relay of mutual electric connection, The testing bin comprises a motor forward and reverse rotation controller, a delay conduction relay, a sliding rheostat and an infrared camera, wherein the infrared camera is placed at a position where the overall appearance of the testing bin, the prepositive pipe and the postpositive pipe can be shot.
Further, elevating system includes slider, lead screw, plum blossom shaft coupling, motor, bearing fixing base, the slider is fixed on the overhead door outer wall, the slider middle part seted up with lead screw assorted screw hole, the slider cover is established on the lead screw, the lead screw lower extreme passes through the plum blossom shaft coupling and is connected with the motor, lead screw upper portion is fixed with the bearing, bearing and bearing fixing base are fixed, the bearing fixing base is fixed on the outer wall of test bin.
Further, the infrared camera and the video recording computer are electrically connected through a data transmission line.
An experimental method for applying the small animal autonomous social behavior testing device comprises the following basic steps:
step 1: randomly pairing a plurality of weaned-day-old SD rats by 4 cages, marking each rat, weighing and recording the weight of the rat, and feeding the rat in a constant-temperature and constant-humidity environment with reversed day and night after purchase to ensure that the feed and the drinking water are sufficiently supplied until the rat becomes adult;
and 2, step: placing a rat A into a test chamber, respectively placing a rat X and a rat Y which have the same sex as the rat A and are raised in different cages in a preposed tube and a postpositioned tube, wherein the heads of the rat X and the rat Y face a lifting door, grasping a front claw of the rat A and pressing a microswitch, repeating the steps for several times, placing the rat A in the test chamber for freely exploring, and repeating the steps for 7 days, wherein the rats in the preposed tube and the postpositioned tube are the rat X and the rat Y every day;
and step 3: after repeating for 7 days, resetting the counter to zero, starting an infrared camera and a video recording computer to record if no rat is placed in the prepositive pipe and the postpositive pipe, then putting the rat A into a test chamber, starting the counter to count, and enabling the rat A to adapt for 10 min;
and 4, step 4: after the adaptation is completed, recording data on two counters, then placing a rat B which is bred with the same sex as the rat A and in different cages into the preposed pipe, after the outlet of the preposed pipe is closed, allowing the rat A to freely move for 10min, and recording data on the two counters after 10 min; the step is the first stage of experiment;
and 5: changing the rat B in the prepositive pipe into a rat C with the same sex as the rat A, putting the rat B into the postpositive pipe, sealing the outlet of the postpositive pipe, allowing the rat A to freely move for 10min, and recording data on the two counters after 10 min; the step is the second stage of experiment;
and 6: after the recording is finished, storing the video, and after the recording is finished, putting the rat back into the rearing cage and cleaning the device;
and 7: calculating the times of pressing the micro-switch by the rat A in the steps 4 and 5 according to the recorded counter data, judging the social ability according to the ratio of the times of pressing the micro-switch in the corresponding direction of the rat B by the rat A in the step 4 to the sum of the times of pressing the two micro-switches, and if the ratio is large, testing the social ability of the animal to be tested to be strong; judging the social novelty preference according to the ratio of the number of times that the rat A presses the microswitch in the corresponding direction of the rat C to the sum of the number of times that the two microswitches are pressed in the step 5, and if the ratio is large, testing that the social novelty preference exists in the animal; observing the experimental video by using a manual timer, recording the sniffing time of the rat A after pressing the microswitch in the corresponding direction of the rat B in the step 4, and judging the social contact ability of the rat A, wherein the social contact ability of the rat A is strong if the time is long; judging the social novelty preference of the rat A according to the ratio of the sniffing time after the rat A presses the microswitch in the direction corresponding to the rat C in the second stage of the experiment in the step 5 to the sum of the sniffing time after the rat A presses the two microswitches, and if the ratio is large, testing that the animal has the social novelty preference.
Further, different from the basic steps, after the step 7 is completed, craniotomy is carried out on the rat A, electrodes are buried in a test brain area of the rat A, the rat A is kept after the operation is completed, the steps 2 to 7 are repeated after 7 days, the discharge condition of the rat A is synchronously recorded while the steps 2 to 7 are carried out, and the social behaviors of the test animal are explored through the in-vivo electrophysiological discharge condition of the rat A.
Further, unlike the basic steps, step 5 is replaced with: adjusting a gate control circuit to prolong the descending time of the lifting door, namely, the rat A cannot be opened by pressing a switch door within a period of time after the lifting door is closed; the desire degree of the test animal for the social activities is judged according to the time from the holding of the rat A to the giving up of the microswitch during the period that the door cannot be opened and the times that the rat A presses the microswitch in the corresponding direction of the rat B during the period that the door cannot be opened.
Further, unlike the basic procedure, the rats placed in the device tube during the experiment can be changed to other articles, and the degree of craving of a certain article by the test animal can be observed and judged.
Further, unlike the basic procedure, rat a is a socially impaired mouse.
Further, unlike the basic steps, the animals were acutely exposed to a drug the next day after step 5, and then steps 3 to 5 were repeated.
Further, unlike the basic steps, step 4 is replaced with: respectively put into mouse and microphone in leading thing pipe, after putting the thing pipe, save step 5, step 7, judge that the animal is more afraid or preferred which kind of article according to the number of times that the animal pressed two switches respectively.
In addition, the above experiment can be referred to for the preference of a certain article.
Compared with the prior art, the device for testing the autonomous social behavior of the small animal has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the invention, through the arrangement of the gate control circuit, animals can socialize autonomously: according to the invention, the gate control circuit is innovatively applied to the social activities of the animals, the animals can only press the switch to perform the social activities, the subjective will of the animals is reflected, and the obtained data can better and more accurately reflect the social initiative of the animals.
2. Compared with other experimental paradigms for exploring animal social contact, the method provides a precise time point for pressing the switch in the electrophysiological data, and better explains the change of the neuroelectrophysiological result in the active social contact process of the animal and the psychological or behavioral significance of the neuroelectrophysiological result.
3. The invention comprises a gate control circuit, namely, the lifting of the door is realized by pressing a switch, the lifting time and the speed of the door can be regulated and controlled by changing the capacitance of a relay and the resistance value of a slide rheostat, and the parameters can be correspondingly regulated according to different experimental requirements. The circuit can be applied to other experiments with gating requirements, all related raw materials can be purchased on the market, and the circuit is simple to splice and very convenient and fast.
4. The invention can be used for researching the autonomous social behaviors of the animals and exploring the love degree of the animals to any articles, thereby developing a series of experiments.
5. The main parts of the test bin and the like are detachable, the test bin is convenient to assemble and easy to clean, does not occupy the space of a laboratory, and is very practical.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of main components of the autonomous social behavior testing device for small animals according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a gate control circuit of the device for testing autonomous social behaviors of small animals according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a formal experiment of the present invention (no animal in the placer tube).
FIG. 4 is a schematic plan view of the front and back sides of the lift gate of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a formal experiment of the present invention (one side of the indwelling tube contains an animal).
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the present invention (both side containing the animal).
Reference numerals: 1. a test bin; 2. a foreline; 21. an outlet; 3. a rear placement tube; 4. an iron wire separation net; 5. a guide rail slot; 6. a lift gate; 7. a lifting mechanism; 71. a slider; 72. a screw rod; 73. a quincuncial coupler; 74. an electric motor; 8. a microswitch; 9. an infrared camera; 10. a gate control circuit; 101. the relay is switched off in a delayed manner; 102. a motor forward and reverse rotation controller; 103. a relay is turned on in a delayed manner; 104. a slide rheostat; 11. a counter;
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying examples.
As shown in fig. 1 to 6, a little animal is social behavior testing arrangement independently, including test chamber 1, two outer walls are provided with leading thing pipe 2 respectively around test chamber 1, after put thing pipe 3, leading thing pipe 2 and after put thing pipe 3 all separate through iron wire spacer 4 with test chamber 1 is inside, because iron wire spacer 4 has a lot of fretwork holes, can sniff each other at the inside rat of test chamber 1 and the rat that is in putting the thing pipe, socialize, the rat that is in putting the thing pipe can't get into test chamber 1 in, guarantee that the flow of experimental setup can go on smoothly. The export 21 that leading thing pipe 2 and after put thing pipe 3 kept away from test bin 1 one end can be sealed, and the iron wire net door that can open and shut seals, prevents that the rat from leaving the thing pipe.
Be provided with guide rail slot 5, overhead door 6 and the elevating system 7 that can drive overhead door 6 and go up and down on the 1 lateral wall in test chamber, 6 both sides of overhead door are inserted and are established in guide rail slot 5, can reciprocate under guide rail slot 5's restraint, the mounted position of two overhead doors 6 respectively with leading thing pipe 2, after put the position phase-match of thing pipe 3, through the lift of overhead door 6, can allow or block the sniffing activity of the rat of test chamber 1 inside and the rat that is in putting the thing pipe.
Be provided with micro-gap switch 8 on the 1 inner wall in test bin, micro-gap switch 8 and elevating system 7 electricity are connected, and two micro-gap switch 8 set up respectively in one side of two overhead doors 6, press micro-gap switch 8 and can open overhead door 6, and micro-gap switch 8 is connected with the 11 electricity of counter, and the animal is every time micro-gap switch 8 of pressing, and numerical value on the counter 11 just can add one, and after the experiment, counter 11 can zero. The infrared camera 9 is placed in the position that can shoot test chamber 1, leading thing pipe 2 and the overall appearance of post-storage pipe 3, conveniently carries out comprehensive shooting. In addition, the infrared camera 9 is electrically connected with the video recording computer, and the video recording can be carried out through the video recording computer connected with the infrared camera 9 in the whole testing process.
Elevating system 7's concrete structure is as follows, elevating system 7 includes slider 71, lead screw 72, plum blossom shaft coupling 73, motor 74, the bearing fixing base, slider 71 is fixed on 6 outer walls of overhead door, set up in the slider 71 with lead screw 72 assorted screw hole, slider 71 cover is established on lead screw 72, the lead screw 72 lower extreme passes through plum blossom shaft coupling 73 and is connected with motor 74, lead screw 72 upper portion is fixed with the bearing, bearing and bearing fixing base are fixed, the bearing fixing base is fixed on the outer wall of test chamber 1, along with slider 71's removal, overhead door 6 follows the removal. In addition, other elevating mechanisms 7 may be used to achieve the same effect.
In addition, the microswitch 8 and the motor 74 are electrically connected with the gate control circuit 10, the gate control circuit 10 comprises a delay disconnection relay 101, a motor forward and backward rotation controller 102, a delay connection relay 103 and a slide rheostat 104 which are electrically connected with each other, the specific connection mode is as shown in fig. 2, the lifting speed, the rising time and the falling time of the door can be regulated and controlled by changing the resistance of the circuit connected to the slide rheostat 104 and changing the capacitance of the two relays, so that the regulation can be carried out according to different experimental purposes.
Example 1
An experimental method applying the device for testing the autonomous social behavior of the small animals comprises the following steps:
step 1: purchasing 21-day-old SD rats (SD rats are weaned days old) from an experimental animal company with production and sale permission of experimental animals, randomly pairing 4 SD rats in one cage, marking each animal, weighing and recording the weight of the animal, feeding the animal in a constant-temperature and constant-humidity environment with reversed day and night after the animal is purchased, and ensuring sufficient supply of feed and drinking water until the animal is 70 days old (SD rats are adult days old);
in addition, the reversal of day and night means that the environment for animal feeding is completely dark in the day and is bright at night, and because the big and small mice are all nocturnal creatures, experiments are more reasonable in the night;
step 2: the rat A is placed in the testing chamber 1, the rat X and the rat Y which have the same sex as the rat A and are raised in different cages are respectively placed in the prepositive pipe 2 and the postpositive pipe 3, the head of each of the rat X and the rat Y faces the lifting door 6, the front claw of the rat A is grabbed to press the microswitch 8, the lifting door 6 is opened, the rat A can smell and socialize with the corresponding rat behind the lifting door 6 through the iron wire separation net 4, after the steps are repeated for several times, the rat A is freely searched in the testing chamber 1, the rat A is made to be familiar with the environment of the testing chamber 1, the effect of the microswitch 8 is known, the steps are repeated for 7 days or more than 7 days, the rats in the prepositive pipe 2 and the postpositive pipe 3 are the rat X and the rat Y every day, and the rat A is made to be fully familiar with the device and the effect of each microswitch 8 is known. In the later step, rats in the preposition tube 2 and the postposition tube 3 are all provided with heads facing the lifting door 6;
and 3, step 3: after the rat A is fully familiar with the device and knows the action of each switch, namely 7 days later, the counter 11 is reset to zero, no rat is placed in the prepositive object pipe 2 and the postpositive object pipe 3, the infrared camera 9 and the video recording computer are started to record, then the rat A is placed in the test chamber 1, the counter 11 is started to count, and the rat A is firstly adapted for 10 min;
and 4, step 4: after the adaptation is finished, recording data on two counters 11, then putting a rat B which has the same sex as the rat A and is bred in different cages into the preposed object pipe 2, after an outlet 21 of the preposed object pipe 2 is closed, allowing the rat A to freely move for 10min, and recording data on the two counters 11 after 10 min; the step is the first stage of experiment;
and 5: after the first stage of the experiment is finished, then the rat B (familiar animal) in the prepositive tube 2 is changed into a rat C (strange animal) with the same sex as the rat A, the rat B (familiar animal) is placed in the posterior placement tube 3, the outlet 21 of the posterior placement tube 3 is closed, the rat A freely moves for 10min, and data on two counters 11 are recorded after 10 min; the step is the second stage of experiment; in addition, the above-mentioned 10min can also be adjusted to any fixed time period within one hour as long as the timing duration of the corresponding experiment is kept the same.
Step 6: the infrared camera 9 records the whole process of free movement of the rat after the rat is placed into the test chamber 1, the recording is finished after the second stage of the experiment is finished, the video is stored, and the rat is placed back into the rearing cage and cleaned;
and 7: and (3) carrying out data analysis: according to the recorded data of the counter 11, calculating the times of pressing the microswitch 8 by the rat A in the step 4 (namely the first stage of the experiment) and the step 5 (namely the second stage of the experiment);
judging the social ability of the rat according to the ratio of the times of pressing the microswitch 8 of the rat B in the corresponding direction by the rat A in the step 4 (namely the first stage of the experiment) to the sum of the times of pressing the two microswitches 8, wherein if the ratio is large, the social ability of the tested animal is strong;
judging the social novelty preference of the rat according to the ratio of the number of times that the rat A presses the microswitch 8 in the corresponding direction of the rat C in the step 5 (namely the second stage of the experiment) to the sum of the number of times that the two microswitches 8 are pressed, and if the ratio is large, testing that the animal has the social novelty preference;
observing an experiment video by using a manual timer, recording the sniffing time of the rat A after a switch holding the rat B is pressed down in the first stage of the experiment, and judging the social ability of the rat A, wherein if the sniffing time is long, the social ability of the tested animal is strong (the data can be used for auxiliary judgment);
judging the social novelty preference of the rat A according to the ratio of the sniffing time after the rat A presses the switch containing the rat C in the second stage of the experiment to the sum of the sniffing time after the two switches are pressed, and if the ratio is large, testing the social novelty preference of the animal.
Example 2
The basic steps are the same as example 1, except that after step 7 is completed, the cranium of the rat A is opened, the electrode is embedded into a test brain area (such as the prefrontal lobe) of the rat A, the rat A is kept in rest after the operation is completed, and after 7 days, the steps 2-7 in example 1 are repeated, except that the discharge condition of the rat A is synchronously recorded while the steps 2-7 are performed, and the social behaviors of the test animals are explored through the in-vivo electrophysiological discharge condition of the rat A.
Example 3
The basic steps are the same as the embodiment 1, the steps 1-4 and 6-7 are consistent (the corresponding data analysis in the second stage of the experiment in the step 7 is removed), in the step 5, the conditions of the two placing pipes are consistent with the step 4, but the descending time of the lifting door 6 is prolonged by adjusting the gate control circuit 10, namely, the rat A can not open the lifting door by pressing the micro switch within a period of time (the time can be adjusted, such as one minute) after the lifting door 6 is closed; judging the desire degree of the test animal for the social activities by the time from the rat A to the abandoning of the holding of the micro switch 8 during the period that the door cannot be opened and the frequency of the rat A to the micro switch 8 in the corresponding direction of the rat B during the period that the door cannot be opened, wherein the longer the time from the rat A to the abandoning of the holding of the micro switch 8 during the period that the door cannot be opened is, the more desire the test animal for the social activities; the more times the rat a presses the microswitch 8 in the corresponding direction in which the rat B is placed during the period in which the door cannot be opened, the more desirable the test animal is for social activities.
Example 4
The basic procedure is the same as in example 1, except that the rat placed in the center tube during the experiment is changed to another article (such as a mouse, etc.), and the degree of craving of the test animal for the certain article is observed and judged.
Specifically, taking the article M as an example, the article M is a mouse, the step 7 is deleted, and the steps 3 to 5 are replaced by:
and 3, step 3: resetting the counter 11 to zero, starting the infrared camera 9 and the video recording computer to record when the article M is not placed in the prepositive pipe 2, then placing the rat A into the test chamber 1, starting the counter 11 to count, and enabling the rat A to adapt for 10 min;
and 4, step 4: after the adaptation is completed, recording data on two counters 11, then putting an article M into the preposed tube 2, allowing the rat A to freely move for 10min, and recording the data on the two counters 11 after 10 min;
and 5: the gate control circuit 10 is adjusted, the descending time of the lifting gate 6 is prolonged, and the degree of the craving of the tested animal on the article M is judged according to the time from the rat A insisting on pressing the micro switch 8 to giving up during the period that the rat A cannot open the door and the frequency of pressing the micro switch 8 in the corresponding direction of the prepositive tube 2 during the period that the rat A cannot open the door.
Example 5
The basic procedure is the same as in example 2, but the rats (rat A) used in the whole process are rat models (e.g. social disorder rats) which have been determined to have some abnormality, and the social behavior of the abnormal animals is observed.
Example 6
The basic procedure is the same as in example 1, but the animal is exposed to a drug acutely the next day after the animal is first tested for social activity (step 5 is completed), and then subjected to another social activity test (i.e. steps 3-5 are repeated) to observe and judge the influence of the acute effect of the drug on the social activity of the adult animal.
Example 7
The basic steps are the same as the embodiment 1, steps 1-3 and 6-7 are the same, step 4, different objects (for example, a mouse in one placing tube and a microphone in the other placing tube) or different parts of the same object (for example, a rat in one placing tube is head-to-door, and a rat in the other placing tube is tail-to-door) are respectively placed in the two placing tubes, step 5 is omitted, and the animal is judged to be more afraid or more preferred according to the times that the animal respectively presses the two micro switches.
Example 8
The basic steps are the same as example 1, but after the animal is subjected to the first test for social behaviors (the step 5 is finished), the animal is subjected to acute exposure of a certain drug for several consecutive days, and the last test for social behaviors (namely, the step 3-5 is repeated) is carried out one day after the acute effect of the drug is finished, so that the influence of the chronic effect of the certain drug on the adult animals on the social behaviors is observed and judged.
Example 9
The basic procedure is similar to example 1, steps 2-7 being identical, and in step 1 2 animals are selected at random for acute exposure to a drug per cage of animals during their adolescent phase (around 35 days of age), the remaining two being exposed (day of exposure corresponding to the drug exposure group) to an equal amount of saline. Steps 2-7 of example 1 are performed after the animal is adult. Observing and testing whether the difference of social behaviors exists between the rats of the drug acute exposure group in the adolescence and the rats of the control group (for example, the social behavior disorder exists in the whole rats of the drug acute exposure group in the adolescence compared with the rats of the control group), thereby judging whether the drug acute exposure in the adolescence can cause the social behavior disorder of the animals after the animals grow up.
Example 10
The basic procedure is similar to example 1, steps 2-7 being identical, and in step 1 2 animals are randomly selected to be chronically exposed (e.g., from 35 to 49 days of age, corresponding to the age of the rat from puberty to postpuberty) to the same amount of saline per cage when the animals are in adolescence, and the remaining two chronic exposures (the age of the exposure days being identical to the drug exposure group). Example 1 steps 2-7 were performed after the animal was adult. Observing and testing whether the difference of social behaviors exists between the rats in the drug chronic exposure group in the adolescence and the rats in the control group (for example, the whole rat in the drug chronic exposure group in the adolescence has social behavior disorder compared with the rats in the control group), thereby judging whether the drug chronic exposure in the adolescence causes the social behavior disorder of the animals after the animals grow up.
Finally, it should be noted that: the attached drawings are only schematic diagrams, and the related characters are taken as the standard; the above examples are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention, and not limitative thereof; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a toy is social behavior testing arrangement independently which characterized in that: the device comprises a test chamber (1), wherein a front pipe (2) and a rear pipe (3) are respectively arranged on the front outer wall and the rear outer wall of the test chamber (1), the front pipe (2) and the rear pipe (3) are respectively separated from the interior of the test chamber (1) through a wire separation net (4), an outlet (21) of the front pipe (2) and the rear pipe (3) far away from the test chamber (1) can be sealed, a guide slot (5), a lifting door (6) and a lifting mechanism (7) capable of driving the lifting door (6) to lift are arranged on the side wall of the test chamber (1), the lifting mechanism (7) comprises a motor (74), two sides of the lifting door (6) are inserted into the guide slot (5), a micro switch (8) is arranged on the inner wall of the test chamber (1), the micro switch (8) is electrically connected with the lifting mechanism (7), and the two micro switches (8) are respectively arranged on one side of the two lifting doors (6), micro-gap switch (8) and counter (11) electricity are connected, micro-gap switch (8), motor (74) all are connected with gate control circuit (10) electricity, gate control circuit (10) are including time delay off relay (101), motor positive and negative rotation controller (102), slip rheostat (104) and time delay on relay (103) that the electricity is connected each other, and infrared camera (9) are placed and are being shot test chamber (1), leading thing pipe (2) and rearmounted thing pipe (3) full situation's position, elevating system (7) are including slider (71), lead screw (72), plum blossom shaft coupling (73), motor (74), bearing fixing base, slider (71) are fixed on overhead door (6) outer wall, slider (71) middle part has been seted up with lead screw (72) assorted screw hole, slider (71) cover is established on lead screw (72), lead screw (72) lower extreme passes through box coupling (73) and is connected with motor (74), lead screw (72) upper portion is fixed with the bearing, bearing and bearing fixing base are fixed, the bearing fixing base is fixed on the outer wall of test bin (1), infrared camera (9) and video recording computer pass through the data transmission line electricity and connect.
2. An experimental method of the small animal autonomous social behavior testing device according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the steps of:
step 1: a plurality of weaning day-old SD rats are bred in cages in a fixed number per cage, each rat is marked, the weight of the rat is weighed and recorded, and the rat is bred in a constant-temperature and constant-humidity environment with reversed day and night after being purchased, so that sufficient supply of feed and drinking water is ensured until the rat grows up;
and 2, step: placing a rat A into a test chamber, respectively placing a rat X and a rat Y which have the same sex as the rat A and are raised in different cages in a preposed tube and a postpositioned tube, wherein the heads of the rat X and the rat Y face a lifting door, grasping a front claw of the rat A and pressing a microswitch, repeating the steps for several times, placing the rat A to freely explore in the test chamber, repeating the steps for multiple days, and the rats in the preposed tube and the postpositioned tube are the rat X and the rat Y every day;
and 3, step 3: resetting the counter to zero, starting an infrared camera and a video recording computer to record when no rat is placed in the prepositive and postpositive pipes, then placing the rat A into the test chamber, starting the counter to count, and enabling the rat A to adapt for 10 min;
and 4, step 4: after the adaptation is completed, recording data on two counters, then placing a rat B which is bred with the same sex as the rat A and in different cages into the preposed pipe, sealing the outlet of the preposed pipe, allowing the rat A to freely move for 10min, and recording data on the two counters after 10 min;
and 5: changing the rat B in the prepositive pipe into a rat C with the same sex as the rat A, putting the rat B into the postpositive pipe, sealing the outlet of the postpositive pipe, allowing the rat A to freely move for 10min, and recording data on the two counters after 10 min;
and 6: after the recording is finished, storing the video, and after the recording is finished, putting the rat back into the rearing cage and cleaning the device;
and 7: and (3) data analysis: according to the recorded counter data, calculating the times of pressing the micro-switch by the rat A in the steps 4 and 5, and judging the social ability according to the ratio of the times of pressing the micro-switch by the rat A in the corresponding direction of the rat B in the step 4 to the sum of the times of pressing the two micro-switches, wherein if the ratio is large, the social ability of the rat A is strong; judging the social novelty preference of the rat A according to the ratio of the number of times that the rat A presses the micro switch in the corresponding direction of the rat C and the sum of the number of times that the two micro switches are pressed in the step 5, wherein if the ratio is large, the rat A has the social novelty preference; observing the experimental video by using a manual timer, recording the sniffing time of the rat A after pressing the microswitch in the corresponding direction of the rat B in the step 4, and judging the social contact ability of the rat A, wherein the social contact ability of the rat A is strong if the time is long; judging the social novelty preference of the rat A according to the ratio of the sniffing time of the rat A after the rat A presses the microswitch in the corresponding direction of the rat C and the sum of the sniffing time of the rat A after the rat A presses the two microswitches in the step 5, and if the ratio is large, judging that the rat A has the social novelty preference.
3. The experimental method of the device for testing autonomous social behaviors of small animals according to claim 2, wherein after step 7, the rat A is craniotomed, the electrodes are embedded in the test brain area of the rat A, the rat A is allowed to rest after the operation is completed, and after 7 days, the steps 2 to 7 are repeated, the discharge condition of the rat A is synchronously recorded while the steps 2 to 7 are performed, and the social behaviors of the test animals are explored through the discharge condition of the rat A in the body electrophysiology.
4. The experimental method of the device for testing autonomous social behaviors of small animals according to claim 2, wherein step 5 is replaced with: adjusting a gate control circuit, prolonging the descending time of the lifting door, and judging the desire degree of the test animal on social activities by the time from the holding of the rat A to the giving-up of the microswitch during the period that the rat A cannot open the door and the times that the rat A presses the microswitch in the corresponding direction of the rat B during the period that the rat A cannot open the door.
5. The experimental method of the device for testing the autonomous social behavior of the small animals according to claim 2, wherein step 7 is deleted, and steps 3 to 5 are replaced by:
and step 3: resetting the counter to zero, placing no article M in the prepositive material pipe, starting recording by opening the infrared camera and the video recording computer, then placing the rat A into the test chamber, starting the counter to count, and enabling the rat A to adapt for 10 min;
and 4, step 4: after the adaptation is completed, recording data on the two counters, then putting an article M into the preposed tube, allowing the rat A to freely move for 10min, and recording the data on the two counters after 10 min;
and 5: adjusting a gate control circuit, prolonging the descending time of the lifting door, and judging the craving degree of the test animal to the article M through the time from the rat A insisting on pressing the micro switch to giving up during the period that the rat A cannot open the door and the frequency that the rat A presses the micro switch in the corresponding direction of the preposed article tube during the period that the rat A cannot open the door.
6. The experimental method of the device for testing autonomous social behavior of small animals according to claim 2, wherein rat a is a socially impaired mouse.
7. The experimenting method of the small animal autonomous social behavior testing device according to claim 2, characterized in that the animal is acutely exposed to a certain drug the next day after step 5, and then steps 3 to 5 are repeated.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011146624.6A CN112237156B (en) | 2020-10-23 | 2020-10-23 | Autonomous social behavior testing device and experimental method for small animals |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011146624.6A CN112237156B (en) | 2020-10-23 | 2020-10-23 | Autonomous social behavior testing device and experimental method for small animals |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN112237156A CN112237156A (en) | 2021-01-19 |
| CN112237156B true CN112237156B (en) | 2022-07-22 |
Family
ID=74169409
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011146624.6A Active CN112237156B (en) | 2020-10-23 | 2020-10-23 | Autonomous social behavior testing device and experimental method for small animals |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN112237156B (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113367078A (en) * | 2021-04-28 | 2021-09-10 | 浙江大学 | Social recognition evaluation system based on social conditioned reflex and application thereof |
| CN114128672B (en) * | 2021-11-21 | 2023-04-07 | 河南省儿童医院郑州儿童医院 | Construction method of autism rat model |
| CN115843713A (en) * | 2022-11-23 | 2023-03-28 | 中国科学院深圳先进技术研究院 | Animal social behavior detection device and application thereof |
Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2001028415A1 (en) * | 1999-10-15 | 2001-04-26 | Dodds W Jean | Animal health diagnosis |
| CN203220373U (en) * | 2013-04-16 | 2013-10-02 | 张晨 | Behavioristics device used for evaluating negative symptoms of schizophrenia |
| CN204191352U (en) * | 2014-11-05 | 2015-03-11 | 海南金港生物技术股份有限公司 | The conditionity shuttle box that spirit and nervous system disease primate model detect |
| CN109512819A (en) * | 2017-09-20 | 2019-03-26 | 中国人民解放军陆军总医院 | Self-closing disease mouse model, its construction method and purposes |
| CN209089644U (en) * | 2018-10-19 | 2019-07-12 | 宁波大学 | Animal behavior case |
| CN110623807A (en) * | 2019-09-24 | 2019-12-31 | 宁波大学 | Animal operation box capable of simulating high-stress environment |
| CN210352656U (en) * | 2019-08-02 | 2020-04-21 | 中国人民解放军军事科学院军事医学研究院 | Experimental apparatus for researching social behaviors of mice |
| CN111225558A (en) * | 2017-08-07 | 2020-06-02 | 杰克逊实验室 | Long-term and continuous animal behavior monitoring |
Family Cites Families (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5247901A (en) * | 1992-06-11 | 1993-09-28 | Diagnon Corporation | Containment system for promoting improved animal well-being |
| CN201986517U (en) * | 2010-12-31 | 2011-09-28 | 中南大学 | Animal social communication action test box |
| US10052319B2 (en) * | 2012-04-26 | 2018-08-21 | Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma Co., Ltd. | Medicament for treating mental and behavioural disorders |
| CN103876753B (en) * | 2014-03-28 | 2016-08-17 | 中国科学院昆明动物研究所 | A kind of animal social activity and trophic behavior motivation detecting system |
| CN104472385B (en) * | 2014-11-03 | 2017-05-10 | 中国科学院深圳先进技术研究院 | Non-human primate social behavior testing device |
| CN104381141B (en) * | 2014-11-12 | 2016-08-24 | 中国科学院深圳先进技术研究院 | A kind of animal behavior test system and method |
| CN204742179U (en) * | 2015-06-24 | 2015-11-11 | 中南大学 | Detect social avoidance behavior's of rodent device |
| US10568305B2 (en) * | 2015-09-28 | 2020-02-25 | Georgetown University | Systems and methods for automated control of animal training and discrimination learning |
| CN210113910U (en) * | 2019-04-01 | 2020-02-28 | 广东蓝岛生物技术有限公司 | Special cage suitable for experimental animal social behavior assessment |
| CN210900841U (en) * | 2019-10-25 | 2020-07-03 | 上海交通大学 | Rodent ethology experimental device |
-
2020
- 2020-10-23 CN CN202011146624.6A patent/CN112237156B/en active Active
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2001028415A1 (en) * | 1999-10-15 | 2001-04-26 | Dodds W Jean | Animal health diagnosis |
| CN203220373U (en) * | 2013-04-16 | 2013-10-02 | 张晨 | Behavioristics device used for evaluating negative symptoms of schizophrenia |
| CN204191352U (en) * | 2014-11-05 | 2015-03-11 | 海南金港生物技术股份有限公司 | The conditionity shuttle box that spirit and nervous system disease primate model detect |
| CN111225558A (en) * | 2017-08-07 | 2020-06-02 | 杰克逊实验室 | Long-term and continuous animal behavior monitoring |
| CN109512819A (en) * | 2017-09-20 | 2019-03-26 | 中国人民解放军陆军总医院 | Self-closing disease mouse model, its construction method and purposes |
| CN209089644U (en) * | 2018-10-19 | 2019-07-12 | 宁波大学 | Animal behavior case |
| CN210352656U (en) * | 2019-08-02 | 2020-04-21 | 中国人民解放军军事科学院军事医学研究院 | Experimental apparatus for researching social behaviors of mice |
| CN110623807A (en) * | 2019-09-24 | 2019-12-31 | 宁波大学 | Animal operation box capable of simulating high-stress environment |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| Automated measurement of mouse social behaviors using depth sensing，video tracking,and machine learning;W.Hong等;《National Acad Science》;20150816;第E5351-5360页 * |
| 棕色田鼠的行为学特征及其与社会地位的关系分析;杨锦峰等;《医药卫生科技辑》;20200131(第1期);第E059-43页 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN112237156A (en) | 2021-01-19 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN112237156B (en) | Autonomous social behavior testing device and experimental method for small animals | |
| Vyleta et al. | Plasticity-dependent, full detonation at hippocampal mossy fiber–CA3 pyramidal neuron synapses | |
| Einon et al. | Brief periods of socialization and later behavior in the rat | |
| Chamove | Cage design reduces emotionality in mice | |
| GB2498685A (en) | Closed rotary maze device for animal memory training system | |
| Lonsdorf et al. | An experimental, comparative investigation of tool use in chimpanzees and gorillas | |
| CN104472385A (en) | Non-human primate social behavior testing device | |
| Chabout et al. | Making choice between competing rewards in uncertain vs. safe social environment: role of neuronal nicotinic receptors of acetylcholine | |
| CN104381141A (en) | Animal behavior test system and method | |
| MARGULIS | Relationships among parental inbreeding, parental behaviour and offspring viability in oldfield mice | |
| Hussein et al. | Evaluating working memory on a T-maze in male rats | |
| CN110506708B (en) | Mouse model for Alzheimer's disease and evaluation method | |
| Park et al. | Effects of social experience on the habituation rate of zebrafish startle escape response: empirical and computational analyses | |
| CN106719464A (en) | The easy device and its assay method of a kind of indoor measurement honeybee acquisition capacity | |
| Porter et al. | Studies of maternal behavior in spiny mice (Acomys cahirinus) | |
| Sword | Local population density and the activation of movement in migratory band-forming Mormon crickets | |
| Cheal et al. | Attention and habituation: odor preferences, long-term memory, and multiple sensory cues of novel stimuli. | |
| CN110574718B (en) | Fish reproduction spawning behavior research system | |
| Balci et al. | Disrupted temporal control in the R6/2 mouse model of Huntington’s disease. | |
| CN209806796U (en) | Animal behavior training and testing system | |
| CN113142145B (en) | Device and method for observing social habits among insect individuals | |
| CN212911316U (en) | Indoor insect independently takes off observation device | |
| Smith et al. | Preference of Mongolian gerbils for salivary cues: a developmental analysis | |
| CN214709752U (en) | Device for observing social habits among insect individuals | |
| CN214709751U (en) | Device for establishing insect social barrier model |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |