CN112232474B - Capacitance counting module for pest detection, pest detection device and method - Google Patents
Capacitance counting module for pest detection, pest detection device and method Download PDFInfo
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- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 193
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 181
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Abstract
The invention discloses a capacitance counting module for pest detection, a pest detection device and a pest detection method, wherein the module comprises a base, a porous fairing, a capacitance polar plate, a shell and a processing unit, the base is provided with a concentric inner interlayer and an outer interlayer positioned outside the inner interlayer, and the area between the inner interlayer and the outer interlayer is communicated with the outside; the porous fairing is gradually reduced from bottom to top and is arranged on the inner interlayer; the inner capacitance polar plate is adjacent to the inner interlayer, and the outer capacitance polar plate is adjacent to the outer interlayer and faces the inner capacitance polar plate and forms a capacitance polar plate pair; the base is provided with a partition board for equally dividing the area between the inner partition board and the outer partition board and separating adjacent capacitance pole plate pairs, and each two partition boards and the capacitance pole plate pair between the partition boards jointly enclose a capacitance detection area; the processing unit is connected with each capacitor plate pair and is used for detecting the capacitance value of each capacitor plate pair in real time, judging whether pests exist in each detection area and obtaining pest counting results. The invention can reliably and accurately realize pest detection and counting.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of pest detection in digital agriculture, in particular to a capacitance counting module for pest detection, a pest detection device and a pest detection method.
Background
Agricultural informatization is to permeate modern information technology into links such as agricultural production, consumption and the like, and digitization, automation and intellectualization are future development trends of agriculture. In agricultural production, insect damage is an important factor affecting crops, so that insect damage is necessary to be taken as an important monitoring object, and the pest situation of a field is counted.
The traditional pest counting is mainly carried out by adopting a manual method, and the pest counting method is high in cost, large in workload and long in time consumption, is limited by reasons such as manpower and weather, is only suitable for small-scale agriculture, is used for pest monitoring in areas with large area and wide area distribution, and is used for monitoring the pests by applying the Internet of things technology to the pest monitoring, and can be used for continuously and efficiently monitoring the pests. In the existing common pest counting method, voltage and current pulses are applied to pest counting, but the method has the defects of high energy consumption, large environmental influence, fire risk and the like. The insect pest image counting is adopted, the counting is realized through insect pest image recognition, but the defects that the mechanism is complex, the shooting surface of a camera is easy to dirty, the shooting is easy to be influenced by illuminance conditions, the false detection is caused, the frequent maintenance is needed and the like exist. It can be seen that these methods have shortcomings, and thus new pest counting techniques are necessary to be developed.
Disclosure of Invention
The first object of the present invention is to overcome the drawbacks and disadvantages of the prior art, and to provide a capacitance counting module for pest detection, which has a simple structure, is easy to disassemble, is convenient to maintain, and has accurate pest detection, is not easily affected by environment, and has high reliability.
A second object of the present invention is to provide a pest detection device that can trap pests and achieve accurate pest counting.
A third object of the present invention is to provide a pest detection method that can accurately and environmentally-friendly perform pest counting.
The first object of the invention is achieved by the following technical scheme: a capacitance counting module for pest detection comprises a base, a porous fairing, a capacitance polar plate, a shell and a processing unit, wherein,
the base is accommodated in the shell and is provided with a concentric inner interlayer and an outer interlayer positioned outside the inner interlayer, and the area between the inner interlayer and the outer interlayer is communicated with the outside;
the porous fairing is gradually reduced from bottom to top, and the porous fairing is arranged on the inner interlayer;
the capacitor plates are arranged on the base and are divided into inner capacitor plates and outer capacitor plates, the inner capacitor plates are adjacent to the inner interlayer, the outer capacitor plates are adjacent to the outer interlayer and face the inner capacitor plates, and each outer capacitor plate and one inner capacitor plate facing the outer capacitor plates form a capacitor plate pair;
the base is also provided with a partition board, the partition board is positioned between the inner partition board and the outer partition board and equally divides the area between the inner partition board and the outer partition board, each partition board separates adjacent capacitance pole plate pairs, and each two partition boards and the capacitance pole plate pair between the two partition boards jointly enclose a capacitance detection area;
the processing unit is connected with each capacitor plate pair and is used for detecting the capacitance value of each capacitor plate pair in real time, judging whether pests exist in each current detection area according to the capacitance value detected each time and obtaining pest counting results.
Preferably, the base is further concavely provided with a first groove on one side of the inner interlayer facing the outer interlayer, a second groove is concavely provided on one side of the outer interlayer facing the inner interlayer, the inner capacitor pole plate is arranged in the first groove and is attached to the inner interlayer, and the outer capacitor pole plate is arranged in the second groove and is attached to the outer interlayer;
the inner interlayer and the outer interlayer are respectively provided with a wiring hole, one end of a cable connecting the processing unit and the capacitor electrode plate pair is connected to the processing unit, and the other end of the cable penetrates through the wiring holes and is connected to the inner capacitor electrode plate or the outer capacitor electrode plate in the capacitor electrode plate pair.
Preferably, the porous fairing is a prismatic frustum or a truncated cone, the top surface size of the porous fairing is smaller than the bottom surface size, and the side surface of the porous fairing is provided with a plurality of pressure release holes in a penetrating mode.
Furthermore, when the porous fairing is a truncated cone, the inner interlayer and the outer interlayer are respectively and correspondingly arranged in a cylindrical shape, and the inner capacitance polar plate and the outer capacitance polar plate are correspondingly arranged in an arc shape;
when the porous fairing is a prismatic table, the inner interlayer and the outer interlayer are respectively and correspondingly prismatic, and the inner capacitance polar plate and the outer capacitance polar plate are respectively and correspondingly strip-shaped plates parallel to the inner interlayer and the outer interlayer.
Furthermore, the shell is provided with a top plate, a bottom plate and a side plate for connecting the top plate and the bottom plate, the bottom plate is further divided into an inner bottom plate and an outer bottom plate, the top plate and the outer bottom plate are respectively provided with a hollowed-out area communicated with the capacitance detection area, the inner bottom plate is positioned at the center of the hollowed-out area of the outer bottom plate, and the inner bottom plate is fixed below the fairing;
when the inner interlayer and the outer interlayer are cylindrical, the hollowed-out area is correspondingly circular and has the same diameter as the cross section of the cylindrical outer interlayer, and the inner bottom plate is also circular and has the same diameter as the cross section of the cylindrical inner interlayer;
when the inner interlayer and the outer interlayer are prismatic, the hollowed-out area is polygonal correspondingly, the side length of the hollowed-out area is the same as the side length of the cross section of the prismatic-shaped outer interlayer, the number of the sides of the hollowed-out area is the same as the number of the sides of the cross section of the prismatic-shaped outer interlayer, and the inner bottom plate is polygonal, and the side length of the hollowed-out area is the same as the side length of the cross section of the prismatic-shaped inner interlayer;
the housing is also provided with a connecting arm connecting the top surface of the fairing and the top plate for receiving a cable between the processing unit and the pair of capacitive plates.
Preferably, the number of capacitance detection areas is the same as the number of the separators, and is even.
Preferably, the processing unit is provided with a main controller, a power supply and a capacitance detector, wherein the power supply is connected with the main controller and the capacitance detector, and the main controller is connected with the capacitance pole plate pair through the capacitance detector.
The second object of the invention is achieved by the following technical scheme: the insect pest detection device comprises a trapping module, an insect collecting module and the capacitance counting module for insect pest detection, wherein the trapping module is arranged above the capacitance counting module, the insect collecting module is arranged below the capacitance counting module, and the trapping module and the insect collecting module are communicated with a capacitance detection area of the capacitance counting module;
the trap module is provided with a trap lamp and a pest suction fan positioned below the trap lamp, the trap lamp and the pest suction fan are connected to the processing unit, the trap lamp is used for attracting pests, the pest suction fan is used for sucking the pests near the trap lamp into the capacitance counting module, and the pests finally enter and are collected in the pest collection module;
the pest detection device judges whether pests pass through each capacitance detection area or not through the capacitance counting module and counts the pests passing through the capacitance detection areas.
The third object of the invention is achieved by the following technical scheme: a pest detection method based on the pest detection device according to the second object of the present invention, comprising the steps of:
s1, powering up a pest detection device, starting operation of a trap lamp and a pest fan, initializing a capacitance counting module, and resetting the count;
s2, attracting pests to the vicinity of the trap lamp by using the trap lamp, then sucking the pests through wind pressure generated by a pest suction fan positioned below the trap lamp, and rectifying and guiding the pests to a capacitance detection area by using a porous fairing;
when pests pass through the capacitance detection areas, the processing unit of the capacitance counting module acquires the capacitance of each capacitance detection area in real time, and the capacitance calculation formula is as follows:
C x ＝I c /ωU,ω＝2πf
wherein C is x Capacitance representing capacitance detection area, I c Representing the current provided by the processing unit to the capacitor plate pair, U representing the voltage provided by the processing unit to the capacitor plate pair, ω representing the angular frequency, and f representing the frequency;
because of the wind pressure of the insect sucking fan, the insect can only fly downwards and finally gather in the insect collecting module after passing through the capacitor detection area;
s3, after the processing unit obtains the capacitance value of each capacitance detection area at the current moment, adopting a differential capacitance detection method to count pests:
comparing the capacitance values of the capacitance detection areas with each other, calculating a capacitance difference value between the two capacitance values, if the absolute value of the capacitance difference value meets a preset threshold value, judging that pests pass through one of the capacitance detection areas, and if the other capacitance detection area does not pass through, capturing the pests by the device, and adding 1 to the count; after the capacitance of the capacitance detection area is compared, the next capacitance value acquisition and judgment are carried out;
s4, when the pest detection device finishes working, the processing unit outputs a final pest counting result.
Preferably, the positional relationship of the two capacitance detection areas selected in step S3 is para, ortho or meta;
and under the condition that the absolute value of the capacitance difference value between the two selected capacitance detection areas does not meet the preset threshold value, the processing unit also compares the capacitance value of the current sampling moment of one capacitance detection area with the capacitance value of the 3 rd sampling moment before, calculates the corresponding capacitance difference value, judges that pests are captured simultaneously by the two capacitance detection areas if the capacitance difference value meets the preset threshold value, counts up to 2 at the moment, and otherwise counts up to 0.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and effects:
(1) The capacitance counting module for pest detection has a simple structure, and is easy to assemble and disassemble, so that the capacitance counting module is convenient to maintain. The capacitance counting module is communicated with the outside through a capacitance detection area formed by the capacitance pole plate pair and the partition plate, so that pests can smoothly pass through the capacitance detection area, the processing unit can accurately detect and count the pests by detecting the capacitance value of the capacitance pole plate, a complex identification counting device and an identification counting algorithm are not needed, and the capacitance counting module is not easily affected by the environment, so that the capacitance counting module has the advantages of low cost, convenience and accuracy in counting and high reliability.
(2) The capacitance counting module adopts the porous fairing with the small upper part and the large lower part, can play a role in guiding pests to slide down to the capacitance detection area, and the pressure release holes formed in the porous fairing can reduce the wind pressure, so that the wind pressure in the capacitance counting module is kept in a proper range, the pests trapped by the trapping module of the pest detection device are favorably pushed to smoothly enter the capacitance counting module, and the pests pass through the capacitance detection area at a proper speed, so that the accuracy of counting and the reliability of the device are improved.
(3) In the insect pest detection device, the wind current generated by the suction fan above the capacitance counting module can provide a cleaning and drying function for the capacitance counting module, so that dust and water mist are prevented from being accumulated on the capacitance electrode plate, the detection area is kept in a clean and dry state, the interference of the environment is reduced, and the maintenance period is prolonged.
(4) The trapping module, the capacitance counting module and the insect collecting module are independent modules, can be assembled and disassembled very conveniently through a buckle structure or screw/screw connection, are convenient to maintain and have high practicability. And in addition, if the pest detection device needs to be modified and upgraded in the future, the capacitor counting module can be directly modified, and related modules such as a pest image acquisition module or an environment acquisition module are additionally arranged according to actual needs, so that the flexibility is higher, and the upgrading and the transformation are more convenient and time-saving.
(5) Because the environment change is larger at night of the field where the pest detection device is located, the pest detection method adopts the differential capacitance detection method to judge whether the pests are captured, and the pests are captured only when the absolute value of the capacitance difference value between the two capacitance pole plate pairs in para position/ortho position/meta position meets the preset threshold value.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a capacitance counting module of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a base.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a base mounted capacitive plate.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a capacitor plate not installed into a capacitance counting module.
Fig. 5 is a top view of the capacitance counting module of fig. 1.
Fig. 6 is a bottom view of the capacitance counting module of fig. 1.
Fig. 7 is an exploded view of the pest detection device.
Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the trap module and capacitance counting module during assembly.
Fig. 9 is a combined diagram of a trap module and a capacitance counting module.
FIG. 10 is a flow chart of a six-phase differential capacitance detection method according to an embodiment of the invention.
The device comprises a 100-capacitance counting module, a 1-base, an 11-inner interlayer, a 12-outer interlayer, a 13-wiring hole, a 14-first groove, a 15-second groove, a 2-capacitance detection area, a 3-porous fairing, a 31-pressure release hole, a 4-capacitance polar plate, a 41-inner capacitance polar plate, a 42-outer capacitance polar plate, a 5-partition plate, a 6-shell, a 61-top plate, a 62-bottom plate, a 621-inner bottom plate, a 622-outer bottom plate, a 63-side plate, a 64-connecting arm, a 7-concave clamp, an 8-protruding part, a 200-trapping module, a 201-trap lamp, a 202-fluke fan and a 300-insect collecting module.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples and drawings, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
Example 1
The embodiment discloses a capacitance counting module 100 for pest detection, which comprises a base 1, a porous fairing 3, a capacitance polar plate 4, a shell 6 and a processing unit as shown in fig. 1-4.
The base is accommodated in the shell, the base and the shell can be connected and fixed through screws/bolts, and the shell can play a role in protecting the base. As shown in fig. 2, the base is provided with a concentric inner barrier 11 and an outer barrier 12 outside the inner barrier so as to form a ring shape, and the base is not provided with a plate cover above and below the inner barrier and the outer barrier, so that the area between the inner barrier and the outer barrier is communicated with the outside.
The capacitor plate 4 is mounted on the base and is further divided into an inner capacitor plate 41 adjacent to the inner spacer layer and an outer capacitor plate 42 adjacent to the outer spacer layer and facing the inner capacitor plate. Specifically, the base is further provided with a first groove 14 in a concave manner on one side, facing the outer interlayer, of the inner interlayer, a second groove 15 in a concave manner on one side, facing the inner interlayer, of the outer interlayer, and the inner capacitor plate can be fixedly arranged in the first groove and attached to the inner interlayer, and the outer capacitor plate can be fixedly arranged in the second groove and attached to the outer interlayer. Each outer capacitor plate and one of the inner capacitor plates facing it form a capacitor plate pair, see fig. 2-4.
The base is also provided with a partition board 5, the partition board is positioned between the inner partition board and the outer partition board and uniformly divides the area between the inner partition board and the outer partition board, each partition board separates adjacent capacitance pole plate pairs, contact between adjacent capacitance pole plates is prevented, each two partition boards and the capacitance pole plate pairs between the two partition boards jointly enclose into an independent capacitance detection area 2, so that one pest can only enter 1 capacitance detection area, and the situation that the same pest is detected by 2 capacitance detection areas to cause false detection is prevented. The baffle can adopt an acrylic plate, and the thickness can be 1mm. The number of capacitance detection areas is the same as the number of the partition plates, and the number is even.
The processing unit is provided with a main controller for data processing, a power supply and a capacitance detector, wherein the power supply is connected with the main controller and the capacitance detector, and the main controller is connected with the capacitance pole plate pair through the capacitance detector; the capacitance detector is used for detecting the capacitance between the pair of capacitance plates. Here, the processing unit may be disposed outside the capacitance counting module, and the power source may employ a solar cell.
Since the pest is polarized by the electric field between the two polar plates to generate polarized charges under the condition that the pest passes through the capacitive detection area, namely the capacitive polar plate pair, the charges on the capacitive polar plates and the charges on the medium are attracted to each other to cause the change of the capacitance value, if the processing unit judges that the capacitance value is changed, the pest passes through the capacitive detection area, the pest number can be increased by 1, and therefore the processing unit can judge whether the pest exists in the current detection areas and obtain the pest counting result according to the detected capacitance value each time by detecting the capacitance value of each capacitive polar plate pair in real time. The capacitive detector of this embodiment detects a frequency of 180 times/min.
In this embodiment, in order to facilitate the connection between the processing unit and the capacitor plate, the inner interlayer and the outer interlayer are further provided with a routing hole 13, one end of a cable connecting the processing unit and the capacitor plate pair may be connected to the processing unit, and the other end may pass through the routing hole and be connected to the inner capacitor plate or the outer capacitor plate in the capacitor plate pair, so that the capacitor plate may be electrically connected to the processing unit, and the processing unit may obtain the capacitance value of the capacitor plate pair. The trace hole specification may be 5mm by 5mm.
The porous fairing 3 is gradually reduced from bottom to top, and the porous fairing is arranged on the inner interlayer. The side of the porous fairing is perforated with a plurality of pressure relief holes 31, the size of which is smaller than that of the pests, and the pests cannot pass through the pressure relief holes, and the diameter of the pressure relief holes in the embodiment is 2mm.
The porous fairing can be a prismatic frustum or a truncated cone. When the porous fairing is a truncated cone, the top surface of the porous fairing is a small circle, the bottom surface of the porous fairing is a large circle, the inner interlayer and the outer interlayer are respectively and correspondingly arranged in a cylindrical shape, and the inner capacitor polar plate and the outer capacitor polar plate are correspondingly arranged in an arc shape. When the porous fairing is a prismatic table, the top surface of the porous fairing is a small polygon, the bottom surface of the porous fairing is a large polygon, the inner interlayer and the outer interlayer are respectively and correspondingly arranged into prismatic shapes, and the inner capacitance polar plate and the outer capacitance polar plate are respectively and correspondingly arranged into strip-shaped plates parallel to the inner interlayer and the outer interlayer.
In this embodiment, the porous fairing adopts a truncated cone, the top is a small circle with a diameter of 50mm, the bottom is a large circle with a diameter of 118mm, and the height of the porous fairing is 50mm.
Correspondingly, the diameter of the first groove is 118mm, the diameter of the second groove is 158mm, the diameter of the inner capacitor plate is 118mm, the diameter of the outer capacitor plate is 158mm, the heights of the inner capacitor plate and the outer capacitor plate are 50mm, the interval between the inner capacitor plate and the outer capacitor plate is 20mm, and the effective distance between the capacitor plate pair is also said to be 20mm.
In this embodiment, the number of the separator, the number of the inner capacitor plate and the number of the outer capacitor plate are all 6, the area between the inner separator and the outer separator is equally divided into 6 parts, and the angle corresponding to the arc of each capacitor plate is 60 degrees. The capacitance counting module forms a capacitance detection area with the inner diameter of 118mm, the outer diameter of 158mm, the inner diameter-outer diameter distance of 20mm and the height of 50mm, and the capacitance detection area not only meets the reasonable and efficient space utilization rate, but also ensures that all pests in the tea garden can smoothly pass through the detection area, and meanwhile, the capacitance variation generated by the pests passing through the detection area is at a relatively large level, so that the reliability of the counting method is improved.
As shown in fig. 1, 5 and 6, the housing 6 is provided with a top plate 61, a bottom plate 62, and side plates 63 connecting the top plate and the bottom plate, specifically by screw/bolt connection. The bottom plate is further divided into an inner bottom plate 621 and an outer bottom plate 622, the top plate and the outer bottom plate are respectively provided with a hollowed-out area communicated with the capacitance detection area, the inner bottom plate is positioned at the center of the hollowed-out area of the outer bottom plate, and the inner bottom plate is fixed below the fairing, specifically can be fixed through screws/bolts.
When the inner interlayer and the outer interlayer are cylindrical, the hollowed-out area is correspondingly circular and has the same diameter as the cross section of the cylindrical outer interlayer, and the inner bottom plate is also circular and has the same diameter as the cross section of the cylindrical inner interlayer.
When the inner interlayer and the outer interlayer are prismatic, the hollowed-out area is polygonal, the side length of the hollowed-out area is the same as that of the cross section of the prismatic outer interlayer, the side number of the hollowed-out area is the same as that of the cross section of the prismatic outer interlayer, and the inner bottom plate is polygonal, and the side length of the hollowed-out area is the same as that of the cross section of the prismatic inner interlayer.
The shell of the embodiment is rectangular, the top plate, the outer bottom plate and the side plates are square, the hollowed-out areas of the top plate and the outer bottom plate are round, and the diameter of the hollowed-out areas is 158mm; the inner bottom plate is circular with a diameter of 118mm.
The housing is also provided with a connecting arm 64 connecting the top surface of the fairing to the top plate, which connecting arm is hollow and can be used to receive a cable between the processing unit and the pair of capacitive plates. The both ends of linking arm connection roof accessible buckle structure is connected fixedly with the roof, for example, the roof can set up the buckle groove, and the both ends gomphosis of linking arm is in the buckle inslot.
In this embodiment, the capacitance counting module may further include other modules, such as a pest image acquisition module installed in the capacitance counting module to acquire pest images and an environmental data acquisition module installed on an outer surface of the capacitance counting module to acquire external environmental information (humidity, temperature, brightness, etc.).
The embodiment also discloses a pest detection device, which comprises a trapping module 200, a pest collecting module 300 and the capacitance counting module 100. The trapping module is arranged above the capacitance counting module and is communicated with a capacitance detection area of the capacitance counting module. The trap module is provided with a trap lamp 201 and a pest fan 202 located below the trap lamp, both of which are connected to the processing unit.
The integral size of the suction fan is the same as the size of the hollowed-out area, and the outer diameter of the suction fan is 158mm. The size of the main machine at the middle part is the same as the size of the top surface of the porous fairing, and the diameter is 50mm.
The insect collecting module is arranged below the capacitance counting module and is communicated with a capacitance detection area of the capacitance counting module. The insect collecting module is internally provided with an insect collecting net.
The trapping module, the insect collecting module and the capacitance counting module are respectively independent modules and can be connected through a buckle structure, as shown in fig. 7-9, the bottom surface of the trapping module is provided with a concave clamp 7, and correspondingly, the top plate of the shell of the capacitance counting module is provided with a convex part 8 protruding outwards at the edge of the top plate, and the convex part can be buckled with the concave clamp of the trapping module; the shell bottom plate of the capacitor counting module is also provided with an inward concave clamp 7, and correspondingly, the top surface of the insect collecting module is provided with a convex part 8 which protrudes outwards, and the convex part can be buckled with the inward concave clamp of the capacitor counting module, so that the insect pest detection device layout of the insect trapping lamp, the insect pest fan, the capacitor counting module and the insect collecting module from top to bottom is formed. Of course, in other embodiments, the trap module, the insect collecting module, and the capacitance counting module may be secured by screw/screw connections.
The pest trapping lamp utilizes the phototaxis of pests, can be used for attracting the pests, the pest sucking fan can generate strong wind pressure, and because the wind pressure is greater than the air pressure in the capacitor counting module, the pests can be pushed onto the side face of the porous fairing by the pressure difference, the downward inclined side face of the porous fairing can guide the pests to smoothly slide to the capacitor detection area, and because the space of the capacitor detection area is narrow, the wind pressure generated by the pest sucking fan is large enough, the pests sucked into the capacitor detection area can be further sucked into the capacitor detection module, and cannot fly back to the capacitor detection area or escape out of the pest detection device, so that the pests are finally collected in the capacitor counting module, and the pest detection device can judge whether the pests pass through each capacitor detection area and count the pests passing through the capacitor detection area through the capacitor counting module.
Therefore, the pest sucking fan can be used for sucking pests near the pest trapping lamp into the capacitance counting module and the pest collecting module, so that the pest detection reliability of the capacitance counting module can be improved. The pressure release holes can release part of wind pressure, so that the wind pressure is kept in a proper range and is not too large, pests can be pushed to pass through the capacitance detection area at proper speed, and the accuracy and reliability of counting are improved. In addition, the wind current generated by the suction fan can provide a clean and dry function for the capacitance counting module, so that dust and water mist of a capacitance pole plate are avoided, a capacitance detection area is kept in a clean and dry state, the interference of the environment is reduced, and the maintenance period is prolonged.
Based on the pest detection device, the embodiment also discloses a pest detection method, as shown in the figure, comprising the following steps:
s1, powering up a pest detection device, starting operation of a trap lamp and a pest fan, initializing a capacitance counting module, and resetting the count;
s2, attracting pests to the vicinity of the trap lamp by using the trap lamp, then sucking the pests through wind pressure generated by a pest suction fan positioned below the trap lamp, and rectifying and guiding the pests to a capacitance detection area by using a porous fairing;
when pests pass through the capacitance detection areas, the processing unit of the capacitance counting module acquires the capacitance of each capacitance detection area in real time, and the capacitance calculation formula is as follows:
C x ＝I c /ωU,ω＝2πf
wherein C is x Capacitance representing capacitance detection area, I c Representing the current provided by the processing unit to the capacitor plate pair, U representing the voltage provided by the processing unit to the capacitor plate pair, ω representing the angular frequency, and f representing the frequency;
because of the wind pressure of the insect sucking fan, the insect can only fly downwards and finally gather in the insect collecting module after passing through the capacitor detection area;
s3, after the processing unit obtains the capacitance value of each capacitance detection area at the current moment, as the capacitance changes along with the humidity of the environment, the larger the humidity is, the larger the capacitance is, so that the capacitance of a single capacitance detection area changes, and in order to improve the detection precision, the pest counting is performed by adopting a differential capacitance detection method in the embodiment:
comparing the capacitance values of the capacitance detection areas with each other, calculating a capacitance difference value between the two capacitance values, if the absolute value of the capacitance difference value meets a preset threshold value, judging that pests pass through one of the capacitance detection areas, and if the other capacitance detection area does not pass through, capturing the pests by the device, and adding 1 to the count; after the capacitance of the capacitance detection area is compared, the next capacitance value acquisition and judgment are carried out.
If the absolute value of the capacitance difference does not meet the preset threshold, it is determined that no pest passes through the two capacitance detection areas, and of course, it is also possible that the two capacitance detection areas just have pests passing through, but the probability is very small. However, in order to avoid missing two capacitance detection areas and simultaneously detecting pests, and improve the detection accuracy, the processing unit of this embodiment also compares the capacitance value of the current sampling time of one of the capacitance detection areas with the capacitance value of the 3 rd sampling time before under the condition that the absolute value of the capacitance difference value between the two selected capacitance detection areas does not meet the preset threshold, and calculates the corresponding capacitance difference value, if the capacitance difference value meets the preset threshold, it is determined that the two capacitance detection areas simultaneously capture pests, and then the count is increased by 2, otherwise, the count is increased by 0.
The positional relationship of the two selected capacitive detection areas can be para, ortho or meta. Since the probability that pests pass through the two aligned capacitance detection areas is the lowest, misjudgment is not easy to occur, and therefore the accuracy of pest detection through the two aligned capacitance detection areas can be the highest.
In this embodiment, 6 capacitance detection areas are all defined, and the area numbers are assumed to be the area 31, the area 32, the area 33, the area 34, the area 35, and the area 36, respectively, where the area 31 and the area 34 are aligned, the area 32 and the area 35 are aligned, and the area 33 and the area 36 are aligned, as shown in fig. 3, and the count is zero when initialized, that is, the count=0; the threshold is set to 20.
In this example, as shown in fig. 10, for the first round of detection, the capacitance detection areas are detected in sequence of area numbers of 31 to 36, where i=31 represents the detection area 31 (i has an initial value of 30), i=32 represents the detection area 32, and so on, and when i=36 represents the detection area 36. After the acquisition of capacitance data (AD 31 、AD 32 、AD 33 、AD 34 、AD 35 、AD 36 ) Then, the capacitance difference (AD) between the region 31 and the region 34 is calculated 31 -AD 34 ) Capacitance difference (AD) between region 32 and region 35 32 -AD 35 ) Capacitance difference (AD) between region 33 and region 36 33 -AD 36 ) When |AD 31 -AD 34 If the I satisfies 20, judging that the device captures pests, count+1, if the I AD 31 -AD 34 If the I does not satisfy 20, the AD at the current moment is to be obtained 31t0 AD from the 3 rd acquisition instant 31t3 Comparison, |AD 31t0 -AD 31t3 If 20 is satisfied, it is determined that both areas 31 and 34 detect pests, count+2, otherwise count+0.
Similarly, when |AD 32 -AD 35 When |satisfies 20, count+1, when |AD 32 -AD 35 If the I is not 20, the next step of judgment is carried out, if the I is AD 32t0 -AD 32t3 If the I satisfies 20, judging that the areas 32 and 35 detect pests, count+2, otherwise，count+0。
|AD 33 -AD 36 When |satisfies 20, count+1, when |AD 33 -AD 36 If the I is not 20, the next step of judgment is carried out, if the I is AD 33t0 -AD 33t3 If 20 is satisfied, it is determined that both areas 32 and 35 detect pests, count+2, otherwise, count+0. And after the round of counting is finished, obtaining a count value of the round, then entering the next round of detection, continuously detecting 6 capacitance detection areas again according to the sequence of the area serial numbers, and then counting.
S4, when the pest detection device finishes working, the processing unit outputs a final pest counting result.
The above examples are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the above examples, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications that do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be made in the equivalent manner, and the embodiments are included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A capacitance counting module for pest detection is characterized by comprising a base, a porous fairing, a capacitance polar plate, a shell and a processing unit, wherein,
the base is accommodated in the shell and is provided with a concentric inner interlayer and an outer interlayer positioned outside the inner interlayer, and the area between the inner interlayer and the outer interlayer is communicated with the outside;
the porous fairing is gradually reduced from bottom to top, and the porous fairing is arranged on the inner interlayer; the porous fairing is a prismatic table or a truncated cone, the top surface size of the porous fairing is smaller than the bottom surface size, and a plurality of pressure release holes are formed in the side surface in a penetrating mode; when the porous fairing is a truncated cone, the inner interlayer and the outer interlayer are respectively and correspondingly arranged in a cylindrical shape, and the inner capacitance polar plate and the outer capacitance polar plate are correspondingly arranged in an arc shape; when the porous fairing is a prismatic table, the inner interlayer and the outer interlayer are respectively and correspondingly prismatic, and the inner capacitance polar plate and the outer capacitance polar plate are respectively and correspondingly strip-shaped plates parallel to the inner interlayer and the outer interlayer;
the capacitor plates are arranged on the base and are divided into inner capacitor plates and outer capacitor plates, the inner capacitor plates are adjacent to the inner interlayer, the outer capacitor plates are adjacent to the outer interlayer and face the inner capacitor plates, and each outer capacitor plate and one inner capacitor plate facing the outer capacitor plates form a capacitor plate pair;
the base is also provided with a partition board, the partition board is positioned between the inner partition board and the outer partition board and equally divides the area between the inner partition board and the outer partition board, each partition board separates adjacent capacitance pole plate pairs, and each two partition boards and the capacitance pole plate pair between the two partition boards jointly enclose a capacitance detection area;
the processing unit is connected with each capacitor plate pair and is used for detecting the capacitance value of each capacitor plate pair in real time, judging whether pests exist in each current detection area according to each detected capacitance value and obtaining pest counting results;
the capacitor counting module for pest detection comprises the following working steps:
s1, powering up a pest detection device, starting operation of a trap lamp and a pest fan, initializing a capacitance counting module, and resetting the count;
s2, attracting pests to the vicinity of the trap lamp by using the trap lamp, then sucking the pests through wind pressure generated by a pest suction fan positioned below the trap lamp, and rectifying and guiding the pests to a capacitance detection area by using a porous fairing;
when pests pass through the capacitance detection areas, the processing unit of the capacitance counting module acquires the capacitance of each capacitance detection area in real time, and the capacitance calculation formula is as follows:
C x ＝I c /ωU,ω＝2πf
wherein C is x Capacitance representing capacitance detection area, I c Representing the current provided by the processing unit to the capacitor plate pair, U representing the voltage provided by the processing unit to the capacitor plate pair, ω representing the angular frequency, and f representing the frequency;
because of the wind pressure of the insect sucking fan, the insect can only fly downwards and finally gather in the insect collecting module after passing through the capacitor detection area;
s3, after the processing unit obtains the capacitance value of each capacitance detection area at the current moment, adopting a differential capacitance detection method to count pests:
comparing the capacitance values of the capacitance detection areas with each other, and calculating a capacitance difference value between the two capacitance values, wherein the position relationship of the two selected capacitance detection areas is para, ortho or meta; if the absolute value of the capacitance difference value meets a preset threshold value, judging that pests pass through one of the capacitance detection areas, and the other capacitance detection area does not pass through, wherein the device captures the pests, and then counting is increased by 1; after the capacitance of the capacitance detection area is compared, the next capacitance value acquisition and judgment are carried out;
s4, when the pest detection device finishes working, the processing unit outputs a final pest counting result.
2. The capacitance counting module for pest detection of claim 1, wherein the base is further concavely provided with a first groove on a side of the inner partition facing the outer partition, a second groove on a side of the outer partition facing the inner partition, the inner capacitance plate is mounted in the first groove and is attached to the inner partition, and the outer capacitance plate is mounted in the second groove and is attached to the outer partition;
the inner interlayer and the outer interlayer are respectively provided with a wiring hole, one end of a cable connecting the processing unit and the capacitor electrode plate pair is connected to the processing unit, and the other end of the cable penetrates through the wiring holes and is connected to the inner capacitor electrode plate or the outer capacitor electrode plate in the capacitor electrode plate pair.
3. The capacitance counting module for pest detection according to claim 1, wherein the housing is provided with a top plate, a bottom plate, and a side plate connecting the top plate and the bottom plate, the bottom plate is divided into an inner bottom plate and an outer bottom plate, the top plate and the outer bottom plate are each provided with a hollowed-out area communicating with the capacitance detection area, the inner bottom plate is located at a central position of the hollowed-out area of the outer bottom plate, and the inner bottom plate is fixed below the fairing;
when the inner interlayer and the outer interlayer are cylindrical, the hollowed-out area is correspondingly circular and has the same diameter as the cross section of the cylindrical outer interlayer, and the inner bottom plate is also circular and has the same diameter as the cross section of the cylindrical inner interlayer;
when the inner interlayer and the outer interlayer are prismatic, the hollowed-out area is polygonal correspondingly, the side length of the hollowed-out area is the same as the side length of the cross section of the prismatic-shaped outer interlayer, the number of the sides of the hollowed-out area is the same as the number of the sides of the cross section of the prismatic-shaped outer interlayer, and the inner bottom plate is polygonal, and the side length of the hollowed-out area is the same as the side length of the cross section of the prismatic-shaped inner interlayer;
the housing is also provided with a connecting arm connecting the top surface of the fairing and the top plate for receiving a cable between the processing unit and the pair of capacitive plates.
4. The capacitance counting module for pest detection of claim 1, wherein the number of capacitance detection areas is the same as the number of spacers and is even.
5. The capacitance counting module for pest detection of claim 1, wherein the processing unit has a master controller, a power source and a capacitance detector, the power source being connected to the master controller and the capacitance detector, the master controller being connected to the pair of capacitance plates through the capacitance detector.
6. A pest detection device, comprising a trapping module, a pest collecting module and the capacitance counting module for pest detection of any one of claims 1-5, wherein the trapping module is arranged above the capacitance counting module, the pest collecting module is arranged below the capacitance counting module, and the trapping module and the pest collecting module are communicated with a capacitance detection area of the capacitance counting module;
the trap module is provided with a trap lamp and a pest suction fan positioned below the trap lamp, the trap lamp and the pest suction fan are connected to the processing unit, the trap lamp is used for attracting pests, the pest suction fan is used for sucking the pests near the trap lamp into the capacitance counting module, and the pests finally enter and are collected in the pest collection module;
the pest detection device judges whether pests pass through each capacitance detection area or not through the capacitance counting module and counts the pests passing through the capacitance detection areas.
7. A pest detection method, wherein the pest detection method is applied to the pest detection device of claim 6, and comprises the steps of:
s1, powering up a pest detection device, starting operation of a trap lamp and a pest fan, initializing a capacitance counting module, and resetting the count;
s2, attracting pests to the vicinity of the trap lamp by using the trap lamp, then sucking the pests through wind pressure generated by a pest suction fan positioned below the trap lamp, and rectifying and guiding the pests to a capacitance detection area by using a porous fairing;
when pests pass through the capacitance detection areas, the processing unit of the capacitance counting module acquires the capacitance of each capacitance detection area in real time, and the capacitance calculation formula is as follows:
C x ＝I c /ωU,ω＝2πf
wherein C is x Capacitance representing capacitance detection area, I c Representing the current provided by the processing unit to the capacitor plate pair, U representing the voltage provided by the processing unit to the capacitor plate pair, ω representing the angular frequency, and f representing the frequency;
because of the wind pressure of the insect sucking fan, the insect can only fly downwards and finally gather in the insect collecting module after passing through the capacitor detection area;
s3, after the processing unit obtains the capacitance value of each capacitance detection area at the current moment, adopting a differential capacitance detection method to count pests:
comparing the capacitance values of the capacitance detection areas with each other, calculating a capacitance difference value between the two capacitance values, if the absolute value of the capacitance difference value meets a preset threshold value, judging that pests pass through one of the capacitance detection areas, and if the other capacitance detection area does not pass through, capturing the pests by the device, and adding 1 to the count; after the capacitance of the capacitance detection area is compared, the next capacitance value acquisition and judgment are carried out;
s4, when the pest detection device finishes working, the processing unit outputs a final pest counting result.
8. The pest detection method according to claim 7, wherein the two capacitance detection areas selected in step S3 are positioned in a para, ortho or meta relationship;
and under the condition that the absolute value of the capacitance difference value between the two selected capacitance detection areas does not meet the preset threshold value, the processing unit also compares the capacitance value of the current sampling moment of one capacitance detection area with the capacitance value of the 3 rd sampling moment before, calculates the corresponding capacitance difference value, judges that pests are captured simultaneously by the two capacitance detection areas if the capacitance difference value meets the preset threshold value, counts up to 2 at the moment, and otherwise counts up to 0.
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