CN112232474A - Capacitance counting module for insect pest detection, insect pest detection device and method - Google Patents
Capacitance counting module for insect pest detection, insect pest detection device and method Download PDFInfo
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- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 181
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Abstract
The invention discloses a capacitance counting module for insect pest detection, an insect pest detection device and a method, wherein the module comprises a base, a porous fairing, a capacitance polar plate, a shell and a processing unit, the base is provided with an inner interlayer which is concentric with the base and an outer interlayer which is positioned outside the inner interlayer, and the area between the inner interlayer and the outer interlayer is communicated with the outside; the porous fairing is arranged on the inner interlayer in a tapered manner from bottom to top; the inner capacitor plate is adjacent to the inner interlayer, and the outer capacitor plate is adjacent to the outer interlayer and faces the inner capacitor plate to form a capacitor plate pair; the base is provided with clapboards to divide areas between the inner interlayer and the outer interlayer evenly and to divide adjacent capacitance plate pairs, and each two clapboards and the capacitance plate pair between the two clapboards form a capacitance detection area together; the processing unit is connected with each capacitor plate pair and is used for detecting the capacitance value of each capacitor plate pair in real time, judging whether pests exist in each detection area and obtaining a pest counting result. The invention can reliably and accurately realize pest detection and counting.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of insect pest detection in digital agriculture, in particular to a capacitance counting module for insect pest detection, an insect pest detection device and an insect pest detection method.
Background
Agricultural informatization is to permeate modern information technology into links such as agricultural production and consumption, and digitization, automation and intellectualization are future development trends of agriculture. In agricultural production, insect pests are important factors affecting crops, so that the insect pests are required to be taken as key monitoring objects to count the conditions of the insect pests in the fields and gardens.
Traditional insect pest count mainly is the method of adoption manpower, and the agro-industrial is to the field statistics insect pest condition, and is with high costs, and work load is big, and consuming time is long, receives reasons restriction such as manpower and weather, and this kind of mode is only applicable to small-scale agriculture, to the insect pest monitoring in the area that the area is great, regional distribution is wide, is applied to the monitoring of insect pest with internet of things, sustainably carries out the insect pest monitoring high-efficiently. In the existing commonly used insect pest counting method, voltage and current pulses are applied to insect pest counting, but the method has the defects of high energy consumption, large environmental influence, fire risk and the like. Insect pest image counting is adopted, counting is achieved through insect pest image recognition, and the defects that the mechanism is complex, a camera shooting surface is easy to be dirty, shooting is easy to be affected by illumination conditions to cause false detection, frequent maintenance is needed and the like exist. Therefore, the methods have disadvantages, and a new insect pest counting technology needs to be researched.
Disclosure of Invention
The first purpose of the present invention is to overcome the disadvantages and drawbacks of the prior art, and to provide a capacitance counting module for insect pest detection, which has a simple structure, is easy to disassemble, is convenient to maintain, is accurate in insect pest detection, is not easily affected by the environment, and has high reliability.
A second object of the present invention is to provide a pest detection device which can trap pests and realize accurate counting of pests.
A third object of the present invention is to provide a method for detecting insect pests, which can count insect pests accurately and without being disturbed by the environment.
The first purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a capacitance counting module for insect pest detection comprises a base, a porous fairing, a capacitance polar plate, a shell and a processing unit, wherein,
the base is accommodated in the shell and provided with an inner interlayer which is concentric with the base and an outer interlayer which is positioned outside the inner interlayer, and the area between the inner interlayer and the outer interlayer is communicated with the outside;
the porous fairing is arranged in a gradually-shrinking manner from bottom to top, and the porous fairing is covered on the inner interlayer;
the capacitor plates are arranged on the base and are divided into inner capacitor plates and outer capacitor plates, the inner capacitor plates are adjacent to the inner interlayer, the outer capacitor plates are adjacent to the outer interlayer and face the inner capacitor plates, and each outer capacitor plate and one inner capacitor plate facing the outer capacitor plate form a capacitor plate pair;
the base is also provided with clapboards which are positioned between the inner interlayer and the outer interlayer and evenly divide areas between the inner interlayer and the outer interlayer, each clapboard separates adjacent capacitance plate pairs, and each two clapboards and the capacitance plate pairs between the two clapboards jointly enclose a capacitance detection area;
the processing unit is connected with each capacitor plate pair and is used for detecting the capacitance value of each capacitor plate pair in real time, judging whether pests exist in each current detection area or not according to the capacitance value detected each time and obtaining a pest counting result.
Preferably, the base is further concavely provided with a first groove on one side of the inner interlayer facing the outer interlayer, a second groove on one side of the outer interlayer facing the inner interlayer, the inner capacitor plate is mounted in the first groove and attached to the inner interlayer, and the outer capacitor plate is mounted in the second groove and attached to the outer interlayer;
the inner interlayer and the outer interlayer are provided with wiring holes, one end of a cable connecting the processing unit and the capacitor plate pair is connected to the processing unit, and the other end of the cable penetrates through the wiring holes and is connected to the inner capacitor plate or the outer capacitor plate in the capacitor plate pair.
Preferably, the porous fairing is a frustum pyramid or a frustum cone, the size of the top surface of the porous fairing is smaller than that of the bottom surface of the porous fairing, and a plurality of pressure relief holes penetrate through the side surface of the porous fairing.
Furthermore, when the porous fairing is a cone, the inner interlayer and the outer interlayer are respectively and correspondingly arranged to be cylindrical, and the inner capacitor electrode plate and the outer capacitor electrode plate are correspondingly arranged to be arc-shaped;
when the porous fairing is a frustum body, the inner interlayer and the outer interlayer are respectively and correspondingly arranged into a prism shape, and the inner capacitor electrode plate and the outer capacitor electrode plate are correspondingly strip-shaped plates parallel to the inner interlayer and the outer interlayer.
Furthermore, the shell is provided with a top plate, a bottom plate and a side plate for connecting the top plate and the bottom plate, the bottom plate is further divided into an inner bottom plate and an outer bottom plate, the top plate and the outer bottom plate are both provided with hollowed areas communicated with the capacitance detection area, the inner bottom plate is positioned in the center of the hollowed areas of the outer bottom plate, and the inner bottom plate is fixed below the fairing;
when the inner interlayer and the outer interlayer are cylindrical, the hollowed area is correspondingly circular and has the same diameter as the cross section of the cylindrical outer interlayer, and the inner bottom plate is also circular and has the same diameter as the cross section of the cylindrical inner interlayer;
when the inner interlayer and the outer interlayer are in a prism shape, the hollowed area is correspondingly polygonal, the side length of the hollowed area is the same as that of the cross section of the prism-shaped outer interlayer, the side number of the hollowed area is also the same as that of the cross section of the prism-shaped outer interlayer, and the inner bottom plate is also polygonal and the side length of the inner bottom plate is the same as that of the cross section of the prism-shaped inner interlayer;
the housing is also provided with a connecting arm connecting the top surface of the fairing with the top plate, the connecting arm being adapted to receive a cable between the processing unit and the pair of capacitor plates.
Preferably, the number of the capacitance detection areas is the same as the number of the partition plates, and the number of the partition plates is even.
Preferably, the processing unit is provided with a main controller, a power supply and a capacitance detector, wherein the power supply is connected with the main controller and the capacitance detector, and the main controller is connected with the pair of capacitance plates through the capacitance detector.
The second purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a pest detection device comprises a trapping module, a pest collecting module and a capacitance counting module for pest detection, wherein the trapping module is installed above the capacitance counting module, the pest collecting module is installed below the capacitance counting module, and the trapping module and the pest collecting module are communicated with a capacitance detection area of the capacitance counting module;
the trapping module is provided with a trap lamp and a pest suction fan positioned below the trap lamp, the trap lamp and the pest suction fan are both connected to the processing unit, the trap lamp is used for trapping pests, the pest suction fan is used for sucking the pests nearby the trap lamp into the capacitance counting module, and the pests finally enter and are collected in the pest collecting module;
the pest detection device judges whether pests pass through each capacitance detection area or not through the capacitance counting module and counts the pests passing through the capacitance detection area.
The third purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a pest detection method is based on a pest detection device of a second object of the invention, and comprises the following steps:
s1, powering on the insect pest detection device, starting the operation of the trap lamp and the insect sucking fan, initializing the capacitance counting module, and enabling the counting to return to zero;
s2, attracting pests to the vicinity of the trap lamp by the trap lamp, then sucking the pests by wind pressure generated by a pest suction fan positioned below the trap lamp, and rectifying and guiding the pests to a capacitance detection area by a porous fairing;
when the pest is in the electric capacity detection zone, the electric capacity in each electric capacity detection zone is gathered in real time to the processing unit of electric capacity count module, and electric capacity computational formula is as follows:
Cx＝Ic/ωU,ω＝2πf
in the formula, CxCapacitance representing the capacitive sensing area, IcRepresenting the current provided by the processing unit to the pair of capacitor plates, U representing the voltage provided by the processing unit to the pair of capacitor plates, ω representing the angular frequency, and f representing the frequency;
due to the wind pressure of the insect suction fan, pests can only fly downwards after passing through the capacitance detection area and finally gather in the insect collecting module;
s3, after the processing unit obtains the capacitance values of each capacitance detection area at the current moment, pest counting is carried out by adopting a differential capacitance detection method:
the capacitance values of the capacitance detection areas are compared pairwise, the capacitance difference value between the two capacitance values is calculated, if the absolute value of the capacitance difference value meets a preset threshold value, it is judged that pests pass through one capacitance detection area, no pests pass through the other capacitance detection area, the device captures the pests, and at the moment, the counting is increased by 1; after the capacitance of the capacitance detection area is compared, next capacitance acquisition and judgment are carried out;
and S4, when the pest detection device finishes working, the processing unit outputs a final pest counting result.
Preferably, the two capacitance detection areas selected in step S3 have a positional relationship of para, ortho or meta;
and under the condition that the absolute value of the capacitance difference between the two selected capacitance detection areas does not meet the preset threshold, the processing unit also compares the capacitance value of one of the capacitance detection areas at the current sampling moment with the capacitance value of the previous 3 rd sampling moment, calculates the corresponding capacitance difference, judges that pests are captured by the two capacitance detection areas simultaneously if the capacitance difference meets the preset threshold, and adds 2 to the counting at the moment, or adds 0 to the counting at the other moment.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and effects:
(1) the capacitance counting module for insect pest detection has the advantages of simple structure and very easy assembly and disassembly, so the capacitance counting module is very convenient to maintain. The capacitance counting module is communicated with the outside through a capacitance detection area formed by the capacitance plate pair and the partition plate, pests can smoothly pass through the capacitance counting module, the processing unit can realize accurate pest detection and counting by detecting the capacitance value of the capacitance plate, a complex identification counting device and an identification counting algorithm are not needed, and the capacitance counting module is not easily influenced by the environment.
(2) The capacitance counting module adopts the porous fairing with a small upper part and a large lower part, so that the function of guiding pests to slide down to the capacitance detection area can be achieved, the pressure release holes arranged on the porous fairing can reduce the air pressure, the air pressure in the capacitance counting module is kept in a proper range, pests caught by the pest detection device through the trapping module can be favorably pushed to smoothly enter the capacitance counting module and pass through the capacitance detection area at a proper speed, and the counting accuracy and the reliability of the device are improved.
(3) In the insect pest detection device, the air flow generated by the insect suction fan positioned above the capacitance counting module can provide a cleaning and drying function for the capacitance counting module, so that dust and water mist accumulation of a capacitance polar plate is avoided, a detection area is kept in a clean and dry state, the environmental interference is reduced, and the maintenance period is prolonged.
(4) The trapping module, the capacitance counting module and the insect collecting module are independent modules, can be connected through a buckle structure or screws/bolts, can be assembled and disassembled very conveniently, are convenient to maintain and have strong practicability. And, insect pest detection device if need transform the upgrading in the future, can also directly transform electric capacity count module, add relevant module such as insect pest image acquisition module or environment acquisition module according to actual need, therefore the flexibility is also higher, and the transformation of upgrading is also comparatively convenient save time.
(5) The pest detection method adopts a differential capacitance detection method to judge whether pests are captured or not, and judges that the pests are captured only when the absolute value of the capacitance difference between two capacitor plate pairs in para position/ortho position/meta position meets a preset threshold value.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a capacitance counting module of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a base.
Fig. 3 is a schematic illustration of the base mounting the capacitor plates.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a capacitor plate not mounted to a capacitance counting module.
Fig. 5 is a top view of the capacitance counting module of fig. 1.
Fig. 6 is a bottom view of the capacitance counting module of fig. 1.
Fig. 7 is an exploded view of the pest detection device.
Figure 8 is a schematic view of the mousetrap module and capacitance counting module during assembly.
Fig. 9 is a combination diagram of a mousetrap module and a capacitance counting module.
FIG. 10 is a flowchart illustrating a six-phase differential capacitance detection method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The device comprises a 100-capacitance counting module, a 1-base, a 11-inner partition layer, a 12-outer partition layer, a 13-wiring hole, a 14-first groove, a 15-second groove, a 2-capacitance detection area, a 3-porous fairing, a 31-pressure release hole, a 4-capacitance pole plate, a 41-inner capacitance pole plate, a 42-outer capacitance pole plate, a 5-partition plate, a 6-shell, a 61-top plate, a 62-bottom plate, a 621-inner bottom plate, a 622-outer bottom plate, a 63-side plate, a 64-connecting arm, a 7-inner concave clamp, an 8-protrusion part, a 200-trapping module, a 201-trapping lamp, a 202-insect suction fan and a 300-insect collecting module.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples and drawings, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
Example 1
The embodiment discloses a capacitance counting module 100 for insect pest detection, which comprises a base 1, a porous fairing 3, a capacitance plate 4, a shell 6 and a processing unit, as shown in fig. 1-4.
The base is contained in the shell, the base and the shell can be fixedly connected through screws/bolts, and the shell can play a role in protecting the base. As shown in figure 2, the base is provided with a concentric inner interlayer 11 and an outer interlayer 12 outside the inner interlayer, thereby forming a ring shape, and the base is not provided with plate covers above and below the inner interlayer and the outer interlayer, so that the area between the inner interlayer and the outer interlayer is communicated with the outside.
The capacitor plate 4 is mounted on the base and is further divided into an inner capacitor plate 41 adjacent the inner spacer and an outer capacitor plate 42 adjacent the outer spacer and facing the inner capacitor plate. Specifically, the base is further concavely provided with a first groove 14 on one side of the inner interlayer facing the outer interlayer, a second groove 15 on one side of the outer interlayer facing the inner interlayer, the inner capacitance plate can be installed and fixed in the first groove and attached to the inner interlayer, and the outer capacitance plate can be installed and fixed in the second groove and attached to the outer interlayer. Each outer capacitor plate and an inner capacitor plate facing it form a capacitor plate pair, see fig. 2-4.
The base still is equipped with baffle 5, and the baffle is located between interior interlayer and the outer interlayer and evenly divides the region between interior interlayer and the outer interlayer, and adjacent electric capacity polar plate pair is separated to every baffle, prevents the contact between adjacent position polar plate, and every two baffles and electric capacity polar plate pair between them enclose into an independent electric capacity detection area 2 jointly for a pest can only get into 1 electric capacity detection area wherein, prevents to appear that same pest is detected by 2 electric capacity detection areas and arouses the condition of false retrieval. The separator can be made of acrylic plates and has a thickness of 1 mm. The number of capacitive sensing areas is the same as the number of spacers, where the number is even.
The processing unit is provided with a main controller, a power supply and a capacitance detector, wherein the main controller is used for processing data; the capacitance detector is used for detecting the capacitance between the capacitance plate pair. Here, the processing unit may be disposed outside the capacitance counting module, and the power supply may employ a solar cell.
Because the pest is in the electric capacity detection region, namely under the condition of passing through the capacitor plate pair, the pest can be polarized by the electric field between two polar plates, polarization electric charge is generated, the electric charge on the capacitor plate and the electric charge on the medium attract each other to cause the capacitance value to change, if the processing unit judges that the capacitance value changes, that shows that the pest passes through the electric capacity detection region, the pest number can be increased by 1, therefore, the processing unit can judge whether the pest exists in each current detection region and obtain the pest counting result according to the capacitance value detected each time by detecting the capacitance value of each capacitor plate pair in real time. The detection frequency of the capacitance detector in the embodiment is 180 times/min.
In this embodiment, for the wiring between convenient processing unit and the capacitor plate, inner interlayer and outer interlayer still are equipped with wire hole 13, and the cable one end of connecting processing unit and capacitor plate pair can be connected to processing unit, and the other end can pass wire hole reconnection to the interior capacitor plate or the outer capacitor plate of capacitor plate pair for the capacitor plate can be connected with processing unit electricity, and processing unit can acquire the capacitance value of capacitor plate pair. The specification of the wiring hole can be 5mm by 5 mm.
The porous fairing 3 is arranged in a gradually-reduced mode from bottom to top, and the porous fairing is covered on the inner interlayer. The side surface of the porous fairing is provided with a plurality of pressure release holes 31 in a penetrating way, the size of the pressure release holes is smaller than that of pests, the pests cannot pass through the pressure release holes, and the diameter of the pressure release holes is 2 mm.
The porous fairing can be a frustum of a pyramid or a cone. When the porous fairing is a circular truncated cone, the top surface of the porous fairing is a small circle, the bottom surface of the porous fairing is a large circle, the inner interlayer and the outer interlayer are respectively and correspondingly arranged to be cylindrical, and the inner capacitor electrode plate and the outer capacitor electrode plate are correspondingly arranged to be arc-shaped. When the porous fairing is a frustum pyramid, the top surface of the porous fairing is a small polygon, the bottom surface of the porous fairing is a large polygon, the inner interlayer and the outer interlayer are respectively and correspondingly arranged into prisms, and the inner capacitor polar plate and the outer capacitor polar plate are correspondingly strip-shaped plates parallel to the inner interlayer and the outer interlayer.
In this embodiment, the perforated fairing is a truncated cone with a top portion of a small circle having a diameter of 50mm and a bottom portion of a large circle having a diameter of 118mm, and the perforated fairing has a height of 50 mm.
Correspondingly, the diameter of the first groove is 118mm, the diameter of the second groove is 158mm, the diameter of the inner capacitor plate is 118mm, the diameter of the outer capacitor plate is 158mm, the heights of the inner capacitor plate and the outer capacitor plate are 50mm, the interval between the inner capacitor plate and the outer capacitor plate is 20mm, and the effective distance between the capacitor plate pairs is 20 mm.
In this embodiment, the number of the partition plates, the inner capacitor plates and the outer capacitor plates is 6, the area between the inner interlayer and the outer interlayer is equally divided into 6, and the angle corresponding to the arc of each capacitor plate is 60 °. The capacitance counting module forms a capacitance detection area with the inner diameter of 118mm, the outer diameter of 158mm, the distance between the inner diameter and the outer diameter of 20mm and the height of 50mm, the capacitance detection area not only meets the reasonable and efficient space utilization rate, but also ensures that all pests in the tea garden can smoothly pass through the capacitance counting module, so that the capacitance variation generated by the pests passing through the detection area is at a relatively large level, and the reliability of the counting method is improved.
As shown in fig. 1, 5 and 6, the housing 6 is provided with a top plate 61, a bottom plate 62, and a side plate 63 connecting the top plate and the bottom plate, which may be connected by screws/bolts. The bottom plate is further divided into an inner bottom plate 621 and an outer bottom plate 622, the top plate and the outer bottom plate are both provided with hollowed areas communicated with the capacitance detection area, the inner bottom plate is located at the center of the hollowed areas of the outer bottom plate, and the inner bottom plate is fixed below the fairing and can be fixed through screws/bolts.
When the inner and outer interlayers are cylindrical, the hollowed area is correspondingly circular and has a diameter the same as the diameter of the cross section of the cylindrical outer interlayer, and the inner base plate is also circular and has a diameter the same as the diameter of the cross section of the cylindrical inner interlayer.
When the inner interlayer and the outer interlayer are in a prism shape, the hollowed area is correspondingly in a polygon shape, the side length of the hollowed area is the same as that of the cross section of the prism-shaped outer interlayer, the side number of the hollowed area is also the same as that of the cross section of the prism-shaped outer interlayer, and the inner bottom plate is also in a polygon shape, and the side length of the inner bottom plate is the same as that of the cross section of the prism-shaped inner interlayer.
The shell of the embodiment is in a cuboid shape, the top plate, the outer bottom plate and the side plates are all in a square shape, the hollowed areas of the top plate and the outer bottom plate are in a circular shape, and the diameter of the hollowed areas is 158 mm; the inner bottom plate is circular and 118mm in diameter.
The housing is also provided with a connecting arm 64 connecting the top surface of the fairing to the top plate, the connecting arm being hollow and being adapted to receive a cable between the processing unit and the pair of capacitor plates. The both ends accessible buckle structure of linking arm connection roof is connected fixedly with the roof, for example, the roof can set up the buckle groove, and the both ends gomphosis of linking arm is in the buckle inslot.
In this embodiment, the capacitance counting module can be further provided with other modules, such as a pest image acquisition module installed in the capacitance counting module to acquire pest images and an environment data acquisition module installed on the outer surface of the capacitance counting module to acquire external environment information (humidity, temperature, brightness, etc.).
The embodiment also discloses a pest detection device, which comprises a trapping module 200, a pest collecting module 300 and the capacitance counting module 100. The trapping module is arranged above the capacitance counting module and communicated with a capacitance detection area of the capacitance counting module. The catching module is provided with a trap lamp 201 and a sucking fan 202 positioned below the trap lamp, and the trap lamp and the sucking fan are both connected to the processing unit.
The overall size of the insect suction fan is the same as the size of the excavated area, and the outer diameter of the insect suction fan is 158 mm. The size of the host machine at the middle is the same as the size of the top surface of the porous fairing, and the diameter is 50 mm.
The pest collecting module is arranged below the capacitance counting module and communicated with a capacitance detection area of the capacitance counting module. An insect collecting net is arranged in the insect collecting module.
The trapping module, the insect collecting module and the capacitance counting module are independent modules respectively, and can be connected through a buckle structure, as shown in fig. 7-9, an inner concave clamp 7 is arranged on the bottom surface of the trapping module, correspondingly, a protruding part 8 protruding outwards is arranged on the edge of the top plate of the shell of the capacitance counting module, and the protruding part can be buckled with the inner concave clamp of the trapping module; the shell bottom plate of the capacitance counting module is also provided with an inward concave clamp 7, correspondingly, the top surface of the pest collecting module is provided with a convex part 8 which protrudes outwards, and the convex part can be buckled with the inward concave clamp of the capacitance counting module, so that the layout of the pest damage detection device of the trap lamp, the pest sucking fan, the capacitance counting module and the pest collecting module from top to bottom is formed. Of course, in other embodiments, the trap module, the insect collecting module and the capacitance counting module can be fixed by screw/bolt connection.
The moth-killing lamp utilizes the phototaxis of the pests, can be used for luring the pests, the insect suction fan can produce powerful wind pressure, because the wind pressure is greater than the atmospheric pressure in the capacitance detection module, therefore, there is pressure difference in the air, can push the pests to the side of porous fairing, the side of porous fairing downward sloping just can guide the pests to slide smoothly to the capacitance detection area, because the space of the capacitance detection area is narrow, the wind pressure that the insect suction fan produced is enough big, the pests inhaled into the capacitance detection area can further be inhaled into the insect collecting module, and can't fly back to the capacitance detection area or escape the pest detection device, make the pests finally collect in the insect collecting module, the pest detection device just can judge whether there are the pests to pass through each capacitance detection area and count the pests through the capacitance detection area through the capacitance counting module.
Therefore, the insect suction fan can be used for sucking pests nearby the trap lamp into the capacitance counting module and the insect collecting module, so that the reliability of pest detection of the capacitance counting module can be improved. The pressure release hole can release partial wind pressure, so that the wind pressure is kept in a proper range and is not too large, pests are conveniently pushed to pass through the capacitance detection area at a proper speed, and the counting accuracy and reliability are improved. And the air current that the trematode fan produced can provide clean dry function for the capacitance count module, avoids the electric capacity polar plate deposition of dust, ponding fog, makes the electric capacity detection area keep under clean and dry state, reduces the interference of environment, prolongs the maintenance cycle.
Based on above-mentioned insect pest detection device, this embodiment still discloses an insect pest detection method, as shown in the figure, the step is as follows:
s1, powering on the insect pest detection device, starting the operation of the trap lamp and the insect sucking fan, initializing the capacitance counting module, and enabling the counting to return to zero;
s2, attracting pests to the vicinity of the trap lamp by the trap lamp, then sucking the pests by wind pressure generated by a pest suction fan positioned below the trap lamp, and rectifying and guiding the pests to a capacitance detection area by a porous fairing;
when the pest is in the electric capacity detection zone, the electric capacity in each electric capacity detection zone is gathered in real time to the processing unit of electric capacity count module, and electric capacity computational formula is as follows:
Cx＝Ic/ωU,ω＝2πf
in the formula, CxCapacitance representing the capacitive sensing area, IcRepresenting the current provided by the processing unit to the pair of capacitor plates, U representing the voltage provided by the processing unit to the pair of capacitor plates, ω representing the angular frequency, and f representing the frequency;
due to the wind pressure of the insect suction fan, pests can only fly downwards after passing through the capacitance detection area and finally gather in the insect collecting module;
s3, processing unit obtain under the present moment after the capacitance value in each electric capacity detection area, because electric capacity can be along with the ambient humidity change, the big electric capacity of humidity is big more for the electric capacity in single electric capacity detection area can change, consequently for improving the detection precision, the pest is counted to the differential capacitance detection method is adopted to this embodiment:
the capacitance values of the capacitance detection areas are compared pairwise, the capacitance difference value between the two capacitance values is calculated, if the absolute value of the capacitance difference value meets a preset threshold value, it is judged that pests pass through one capacitance detection area, no pests pass through the other capacitance detection area, the device captures the pests, and at the moment, the counting is increased by 1; and after the capacitance of the capacitance detection area is compared, next capacitance acquisition and judgment are carried out.
If the absolute value of the capacitance difference does not meet the preset threshold, it is determined that no pest passes through the two capacitance detection areas, and of course, it is also possible that both capacitance detection areas just pass through the pest, but the probability is very small. However, in order to avoid missing the situation that two capacitance detection areas detect pests simultaneously and improve the detection accuracy, in this embodiment, the processing unit further compares the capacitance value of the current sampling time of one of the two selected capacitance detection areas with the capacitance value of the previous 3 rd sampling time when the absolute value of the capacitance difference between the two selected capacitance detection areas does not satisfy the preset threshold, and calculates the corresponding capacitance difference, if the capacitance difference satisfies the preset threshold, it is determined that the pests are captured by the two capacitance detection areas simultaneously, at this time, the count is increased by 2, otherwise, the count is increased by 0.
The selected positional relationship of the two capacitive sensing areas may be para, ortho or meta. Because the probability that the two aligned capacitance detection areas simultaneously pass by pests is lowest, misjudgment is not easy to occur, and the pest detection accuracy can reach the highest through the two aligned capacitance detection areas.
In this embodiment, 6 capacitance detection areas are total, area numbers are defined, and assuming that the areas 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, and 36 are respectively defined, the areas 31 and 34 are aligned, the areas 32 and 35 are aligned, and the areas 33 and 36 are aligned, as shown in fig. 3, the count is reset to zero at the time of initialization, that is, count is equal to 0; the threshold is set to 20.
In this example, the detection is performed by using a six-phase differential capacitance detection method, and as shown in fig. 10, for the first round of detection, capacitance detection areas are detected in sequence according to area numbers 31 to 36, where i ═ 31 represents the detection area 31(i has an initial value of 30), i ═ 32 represents the detection area 32, and so on, and i ═ 36 represents the detection area 36. Capacitance data (AD) between 6 capacitance detection areas31、AD32、AD33、AD34、AD35、AD36) Thereafter, the capacitance difference (AD) between the area 31 and the area 34 is calculated31-AD34) The difference in capacitance (AD) of region 32 and region 3532-AD35) The difference in capacitance (AD) of region 33 and region 3633-AD36) When | AD31-AD34If | satisfies 20, the judging apparatus captures the pest, count +1, and if | AD31-AD34If | does not satisfy 20, AD of the current moment is determined31t0AD with the previous 3 rd acquisition instant31t3Comparison, | AD31t0-AD31t3If |, satisfies 20, it is determined that pests are detected in both regions 31 and 34, count +2, otherwise count + 0.
Similarly, when | AD32-AD35When | satisfies 20, count +1, when | AD32-AD35If the absolute value does not satisfy 20, the next step of judgment is carried out, and if the absolute value AD is less than 2032t0-AD32t3If |, satisfies 20, it is determined that pests, count +2, are detected in both regions 32 and 35, otherwise, count + 0.
|AD33-AD36When | satisfies 20, count +1, when | AD33-AD36If the absolute value does not satisfy 20, the next step of judgment is carried out, and if the absolute value AD is less than 2033t0-AD33t3If |, satisfies 20, it is determined that pests, count +2, are detected in both regions 32 and 35, otherwise, count + 0. And after the counting of the round is finished, obtaining a count value of the round, entering the next round of detection, continuously detecting 6 capacitance detection areas again according to the sequence of the area serial numbers, and counting.
And S4, when the pest detection device finishes working, the processing unit outputs a final pest counting result.
The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications which do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be construed as equivalents thereof, and all such changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A capacitance counting module for insect pest detection is characterized by comprising a base, a porous fairing, a capacitance polar plate, a shell and a processing unit, wherein,
the base is accommodated in the shell and provided with an inner interlayer which is concentric with the base and an outer interlayer which is positioned outside the inner interlayer, and the area between the inner interlayer and the outer interlayer is communicated with the outside;
the porous fairing is arranged in a gradually-shrinking manner from bottom to top, and the porous fairing is covered on the inner interlayer;
the capacitor plates are arranged on the base and are divided into inner capacitor plates and outer capacitor plates, the inner capacitor plates are adjacent to the inner interlayer, the outer capacitor plates are adjacent to the outer interlayer and face the inner capacitor plates, and each outer capacitor plate and one inner capacitor plate facing the outer capacitor plate form a capacitor plate pair;
the base is also provided with clapboards which are positioned between the inner interlayer and the outer interlayer and evenly divide areas between the inner interlayer and the outer interlayer, each clapboard separates adjacent capacitance plate pairs, and each two clapboards and the capacitance plate pairs between the two clapboards jointly enclose a capacitance detection area;
the processing unit is connected with each capacitor plate pair and is used for detecting the capacitance value of each capacitor plate pair in real time, judging whether pests exist in each current detection area or not according to the capacitance value detected each time and obtaining a pest counting result.
2. The capacitance counting module for pest detection according to claim 1, wherein the base further has a first recess recessed in a side of the inner barrier layer facing the outer barrier layer, a second recess recessed in a side of the outer barrier layer facing the inner barrier layer, the inner capacitance plate being mounted in the first recess and abutting the inner barrier layer, the outer capacitance plate being mounted in the second recess and abutting the outer barrier layer;
the inner interlayer and the outer interlayer are provided with wiring holes, one end of a cable connecting the processing unit and the capacitor plate pair is connected to the processing unit, and the other end of the cable penetrates through the wiring holes and is connected to the inner capacitor plate or the outer capacitor plate in the capacitor plate pair.
3. The capacitive counting module for pest detection according to claim 1, wherein the porous fairing is a frustum pyramid or a frustum cone, and has a top surface dimension smaller than a bottom surface dimension and a plurality of pressure relief holes formed through a side surface.
4. The capacitance counting module for pest detection according to claim 3, wherein when the porous fairing is a cone, the inner and outer spacers are respectively correspondingly set to be cylindrical, and the inner and outer capacitor plates are correspondingly set to be arc-shaped;
when the porous fairing is a frustum body, the inner interlayer and the outer interlayer are respectively and correspondingly arranged into a prism shape, and the inner capacitor electrode plate and the outer capacitor electrode plate are correspondingly strip-shaped plates parallel to the inner interlayer and the outer interlayer.
5. The capacitance counting module for pest detection according to claim 4, wherein the housing is provided with a top plate, a bottom plate and side plates connecting the top plate and the bottom plate, the bottom plate is further divided into an inner bottom plate and an outer bottom plate, the top plate and the outer bottom plate are both provided with hollowed areas communicated with the capacitance detection areas, the inner bottom plate is positioned in the center of the hollowed areas of the outer bottom plate, and the inner bottom plate is fixed below the fairing;
when the inner interlayer and the outer interlayer are cylindrical, the hollowed area is correspondingly circular and has the same diameter as the cross section of the cylindrical outer interlayer, and the inner bottom plate is also circular and has the same diameter as the cross section of the cylindrical inner interlayer;
when the inner interlayer and the outer interlayer are in a prism shape, the hollowed area is correspondingly polygonal, the side length of the hollowed area is the same as that of the cross section of the prism-shaped outer interlayer, the side number of the hollowed area is also the same as that of the cross section of the prism-shaped outer interlayer, and the inner bottom plate is also polygonal and the side length of the inner bottom plate is the same as that of the cross section of the prism-shaped inner interlayer;
the housing is also provided with a connecting arm connecting the top surface of the fairing with the top plate, the connecting arm being adapted to receive a cable between the processing unit and the pair of capacitor plates.
6. A capacitive counting module for pest detection according to claim 1 wherein the number of capacitive sensing areas and the number of partitions are the same and are both an even number.
7. A capacitance counting module for pest detection according to claim 1, wherein the processing unit has a master controller, a power supply and a capacitance detector, the power supply is connected with the master controller and the capacitance detector, and the master controller is connected with the pair of capacitance plates through the capacitance detector.
8. A pest detection device is characterized by comprising a trapping module, a pest collecting module and the capacitance counting module for pest detection as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the trapping module is mounted above the capacitance counting module, the pest collecting module is mounted below the capacitance counting module, and the trapping module and the pest collecting module are communicated with a capacitance detection area of the capacitance counting module;
the trapping module is provided with a trap lamp and a pest suction fan positioned below the trap lamp, the trap lamp and the pest suction fan are both connected to the processing unit, the trap lamp is used for trapping pests, the pest suction fan is used for sucking the pests nearby the trap lamp into the capacitance counting module, and the pests finally enter and are collected in the pest collecting module;
the pest detection device judges whether pests pass through each capacitance detection area or not through the capacitance counting module and counts the pests passing through the capacitance detection area.
9. A pest detection method, which is based on the pest detection device of claim 8, and comprises the following steps:
s1, powering on the insect pest detection device, starting the operation of the trap lamp and the insect sucking fan, initializing the capacitance counting module, and enabling the counting to return to zero;
s2, attracting pests to the vicinity of the trap lamp by the trap lamp, then sucking the pests by wind pressure generated by a pest suction fan positioned below the trap lamp, and rectifying and guiding the pests to a capacitance detection area by a porous fairing;
when the pest is in the electric capacity detection zone, the electric capacity in each electric capacity detection zone is gathered in real time to the processing unit of electric capacity count module, and electric capacity computational formula is as follows:
Cx＝Ic/ωU,ω＝2πf
in the formula, CxCapacitance representing the capacitive sensing area, IcRepresenting the current provided by the processing unit to the pair of capacitor plates, U representing the voltage provided by the processing unit to the pair of capacitor plates, ω representing the angular frequency, and f representing the frequency;
due to the wind pressure of the insect suction fan, pests can only fly downwards after passing through the capacitance detection area and finally gather in the insect collecting module;
s3, after the processing unit obtains the capacitance values of each capacitance detection area at the current moment, pest counting is carried out by adopting a differential capacitance detection method:
the capacitance values of the capacitance detection areas are compared pairwise, the capacitance difference value between the two capacitance values is calculated, if the absolute value of the capacitance difference value meets a preset threshold value, it is judged that pests pass through one capacitance detection area, no pests pass through the other capacitance detection area, the device captures the pests, and at the moment, the counting is increased by 1; after the capacitance of the capacitance detection area is compared, next capacitance acquisition and judgment are carried out;
and S4, when the pest detection device finishes working, the processing unit outputs a final pest counting result.
10. A pest detection method according to claim 9, wherein the two capacitive sensing areas selected in step S3 are in positional relationship of para, ortho or meta;
and under the condition that the absolute value of the capacitance difference between the two selected capacitance detection areas does not meet the preset threshold, the processing unit also compares the capacitance value of one of the capacitance detection areas at the current sampling moment with the capacitance value of the previous 3 rd sampling moment, calculates the corresponding capacitance difference, judges that pests are captured by the two capacitance detection areas simultaneously if the capacitance difference meets the preset threshold, and adds 2 to the counting at the moment, or adds 0 to the counting at the other moment.
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