CN112229915A - Device and method for measuring grouting compactness of prestressed duct - Google Patents
Device and method for measuring grouting compactness of prestressed duct Download PDFInfo
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- CN112229915A CN112229915A CN202011442449.5A CN202011442449A CN112229915A CN 112229915 A CN112229915 A CN 112229915A CN 202011442449 A CN202011442449 A CN 202011442449A CN 112229915 A CN112229915 A CN 112229915A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/04—Analysing solids
- G01N29/045—Analysing solids by imparting shocks to the workpiece and detecting the vibrations or the acoustic waves caused by the shocks
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/22—Details, e.g. general constructional or apparatus details
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device and a method for measuring grouting compactness of a prestressed duct, wherein the measuring device comprises a sound pickup, a sound-proof housing and a shell; the sound pickup is fixedly arranged on the concrete through a sound-proof cover; the bottom of the sound-proof shield is fixedly connected with the surface of the concrete; an air column is formed between the sound pickup and the sound insulation cover; the shell is fixedly arranged on the surface of the sound pick-up; the sound pickup is in communication connection with the detection host. According to the invention, the sound pickup is innovatively provided for picking up the vibration condition of the concrete surface, and the sound pickup is not in direct contact with the concrete surface, so that the influence of the surface condition of the concrete on the picked-up signals is small, the quality of the picked-up signals is greatly improved, and the accuracy of the detection result is improved. The pre-stressed duct grouting compactness measured by the measuring method is high in precision and low in cost, and the whole measuring process is simple and easy to operate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of constructional engineering measurement, and particularly relates to a device and a method for measuring grouting compactness of a prestressed duct.
Background
The prestressed structure is one of the most used structures in the current building engineering, and the safety and the service life of the prestressed structure are directly influenced by the grouting compactness of the prestressed duct, so that the prestressed structure is concerned consistently. However, since the prestressed duct is buried in the concrete of the beam body, the grouting compactness cannot be detected by means of visual observation or the like. Therefore, a detection method based on an impact elastic wave has been adopted in the past, and the principle is that when an elastic wave propagates in concrete, the propagation speed of the elastic wave in the concrete with defects is different, so that the propagation time (period) of the elastic wave is changed.
The original way is to place an acceleration sensor on the concrete surface and then strike the concrete surface with a shock hammer. After the vibration hammer strikes the surface of the concrete, impact elastic waves are generated on the surface and inside of the concrete. When the impact elastic waves are transmitted in the concrete, the impact elastic waves can carry information of internal defects of the concrete, and the impact elastic waves are received by the acceleration sensor arranged on the surface of the concrete and then are sent to the computer. The grouting compactness of the prestressed duct can be obtained by analyzing the signals received by the computer. Since the acceleration sensor needs to be closely attached to the concrete surface, the condition of the concrete surface greatly affects it. The surface of the prestressed beam body on site is easy to be uneven and has dust, and the like, which can greatly influence the detection result.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problem of accurately measuring the grouting compactness, and provides a device and a method for measuring the grouting compactness of a prestressed duct.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a device for measuring the grouting compactness of a prestressed duct comprises a pickup, a sound-proof housing and a shell;
the sound pickup is fixedly arranged on the concrete through a sound-proof cover; the bottom of the sound-proof shield is fixedly connected with the surface of the concrete; an air column is formed between the sound pickup and the sound insulation cover; the shell is fixedly arranged on the surface of the sound pick-up; the sound pick-up is in communication connection with the detection host;
the sound pick-up is used for receiving the air pressure change of the air column, converting the air pressure change into an electric signal and transmitting the electric signal to the detection host; the sound-proof cover is used for isolating the sound pick-up from the outside noise; the shell is used for packaging the sound pick-up.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the invention, the sound pickup is innovatively provided for picking up the vibration condition of the concrete surface, and the sound pickup is not in direct contact with the concrete surface, so that the influence of the surface condition of the concrete on the picked-up signals is small, the quality of the picked-up signals is greatly improved, and the accuracy of the detection result is improved.
Further, the distance between the sound pickup 1 and the concrete surface is 1-20 mm.
The beneficial effects of the further scheme are as follows: in the present invention, a sound-proof shield is provided between the sound pickup and the concrete surface to isolate external noise.
Based on the system, the invention also provides a method for measuring the grouting compactness of the prestressed duct, which comprises the following steps:
s1: mounting a pickup and forming an air column;
s2: knocking the concrete surface beside the sound pick-up by using an exciting hammer to change the air pressure of the air column;
s3: the air pressure change of the air column is received by using a sound pick-up, converted into an electric signal and transmitted to a detection host;
s4: and receiving the electric signal by using the detection host, and analyzing to obtain a prestressed duct grouting compactness result.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the pre-stressed duct grouting compactness measured by the measuring method is high in precision and low in cost, and the whole measuring process is simple and easy to operate.
Further, step S1 includes the following sub-steps:
s11: mounting a sound pick-up at a position 1-20mm away from the surface of the concrete;
s12: the sound enclosure is mounted between the sound pickup and the concrete such that the bottom of the sound enclosure contacts the concrete surface and forms a column of air between the sound pickup and the concrete.
The beneficial effects of the further scheme are as follows: in the invention, the sound-proof cover is arranged for isolating external noise; the air column can be conveniently analyzed in the subsequent steps according to the air pressure change of the air column to obtain the frequency spectrum model; the sound pickup includes a common microphone, an industrial microphone, and the like capable of converting an acoustic sound pressure signal into an electric signal.
Further, in step S2, the concrete surface near the sound pick-up is knocked by the exciting hammer, and an elastic wave is generated; the surface vibration of the concrete is caused by the elastic wave, so that the air pressure of the air column is changed.
The beneficial effects of the further scheme are as follows: in the present invention, the exciting hammer is applied to the concrete surface near the sound pickup to generate elastic waves to induce free vibration.
Further, step S4 includes the following sub-steps:
s41: receiving the electric signal by using a detection host, and performing spectrum analysis to obtain a spectrum signal;
s42: converting a spectral signal to an equivalent thickness
；
S43: setting a thickness threshold;
s44: will be of equivalent thickness
Comparing with a thickness threshold if the equivalent thickness
If the thickness is larger than the threshold value, the grouting amount in the prestressed duct is less than that in the prestressed duct
Otherwise, grouting in the prestressed duct is larger than
。
The beneficial effects of the further scheme are as follows: in the invention, the detection host is utilized to complete the analysis of the electric signal, and the grouting compactness condition of the prestressed duct is obtained through numerical comparison.
Further, in step S41, the method for performing spectrum analysis to obtain a spectrum signal includes: and converting the electric signals changing along with time into frequency spectrum signals changing along with a period by adopting a fast Fourier transform method or a maximum entropy method spectrum analysis operation method.
Further, in step S42, the spectrum signal is converted into an equivalent thickness
The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
which is indicative of the frequency of the spectral signal,
representing the propagation velocity of an elastic wave in concrete.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a measuring device;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a measurement method;
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the results of the detection according to the present invention;
fig. 4 is a diagram showing a detection result of a conventional acceleration sensor;
in the figure, 1, a sound pickup; 2. a sound-proof housing; 3. a housing.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in FIG. 1, the invention provides a device for measuring grouting compactness of a prestressed duct, which comprises a sound pick-up 1, a sound-proof housing 2 and a shell 3;
the sound pickup 1 is fixedly arranged on the concrete through a sound-proof cover 2; the bottom of the sound-proof shield 2 is fixedly connected with the surface of the concrete; an air column is formed between the sound pickup 1 and the sound insulation cover 2; the shell 3 is fixedly arranged on the surface of the sound pick-up 1; the sound pick-up 1 is in communication connection with the detection host;
the sound pick-up 1 is used for receiving the air pressure change of the air column, converting the air pressure change into an electric signal and transmitting the electric signal to the detection host; the sound insulation cover 2 is used for isolating the sound pickup 1 from outside noise; the housing 3 is used to enclose the sound pickup 1.
In the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, the sound pickup 1 is spaced from the concrete surface by 1 to 20 mm.
In the present invention, a sound-proof shield is provided between the sound pickup and the concrete surface to isolate external noise.
Based on the above system, the invention also provides a method for measuring the grouting compactness of the prestressed duct, as shown in fig. 2, comprising the following steps:
s1: mounting a pickup and forming an air column;
s2: knocking the concrete surface beside the sound pick-up by using an exciting hammer to change the air pressure of the air column;
s3: the air pressure change of the air column is received by using a sound pick-up, converted into an electric signal and transmitted to a detection host;
s4: and receiving the electric signal by using the detection host, and analyzing to obtain a prestressed duct grouting compactness result.
In the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, step S1 includes the following sub-steps:
s11: mounting a sound pick-up at a position 1-20mm away from the surface of the concrete;
s12: the sound enclosure is mounted between the sound pickup and the concrete such that the bottom of the sound enclosure contacts the concrete surface and forms a column of air between the sound pickup and the concrete.
In the invention, the sound-proof cover is arranged for isolating external noise; the air column can be conveniently analyzed in the subsequent steps according to the air pressure change of the air column to obtain the frequency spectrum model; the sound pickup includes a common microphone, an industrial microphone, and the like capable of converting an acoustic sound pressure signal into an electric signal.
In the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, in step S2, the exciting hammer is used to knock the concrete surface beside the sound pick-up and generate elastic waves; the surface vibration of the concrete is caused by the elastic wave, so that the air pressure of the air column is changed.
In the present invention, the exciting hammer is applied to the concrete surface near the sound pickup to generate elastic waves to induce free vibration.
In the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, step S4 includes the following sub-steps:
s41: receiving the electric signal by using a detection host, and performing spectrum analysis to obtain a spectrum signal;
s42: converting a spectral signal to an equivalent thickness
；
S43: setting a thickness threshold;
s44: will be of equivalent thickness
Comparing with a thickness threshold if the equivalent thickness
If the thickness is larger than the threshold value, the grouting amount in the prestressed duct is less than that in the prestressed duct
Otherwise, grouting in the prestressed duct is larger than
。
In the invention, the detection host is utilized to complete the analysis of the electric signal, and the grouting compactness condition of the prestressed duct is obtained through numerical comparison.
In the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, in step S41, the method for obtaining the spectrum signal by performing the spectrum analysis includes: and converting the electric signals changing along with time into frequency spectrum signals changing along with a period by adopting a fast Fourier transform method or a maximum entropy method spectrum analysis operation method.
In the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, in step S42, the spectrum signal is converted into an equivalent thickness
The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
which is indicative of the frequency of the spectral signal,
representing the propagation velocity of an elastic wave in concrete.
In the embodiment of the invention, as can be seen from the comparison between fig. 3 and fig. 4, when the traditional acceleration sensor is adopted for grouting compactness detection, bottom reflection cannot be effectively observed in most areas, and when the device is adopted for detection, reflection at the bottom of a beam piece can be effectively observed, and defects can be effectively detected.
The working principle and the process of the invention are as follows: the sound pick-up 1 comprises a sound-proof cover 2 and is arranged on the surface of concrete, then the surface of the concrete is knocked by utilizing a vibration hammer, impact elastic waves which are propagated inside the concrete are generated, the impact elastic waves carrying internal information of the concrete are received by the sound pick-up and are converted into electric signals when being propagated to the surface of the concrete, and the electric signals are converted into digital signals which can be identified by a computer after being converted by a conditioning circuit and an AD. The grouting compactness condition of the prestressed duct can be obtained by analyzing the digital signal identified by the computer.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) according to the invention, the sound pickup is innovatively provided for picking up the vibration condition of the concrete surface, and the sound pickup is not in direct contact with the concrete surface, so that the influence of the surface condition of the concrete on the picked-up signals is small, the quality of the picked-up signals is greatly improved, and the accuracy of the detection result is improved.
(2) The pre-stressed duct grouting compactness measured by the measuring method is high in precision and low in cost, and the whole measuring process is simple and easy to operate.
It will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art that the embodiments described herein are intended to assist the reader in understanding the principles of the invention and are to be construed as being without limitation to such specifically recited embodiments and examples. Those skilled in the art can make various other specific changes and combinations based on the teachings of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the invention, and these changes and combinations are within the scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. The device for measuring the grouting compactness of the prestressed duct is characterized by comprising a pickup (1), a sound-proof shield (2) and a shell (3);
the sound pickup (1) is fixedly arranged on concrete through a sound-proof cover (2); the bottom of the sound-proof shield (2) is fixedly connected with the surface of concrete; an air column is formed between the sound pickup (1) and the sound insulation cover (2); the shell (3) is fixedly arranged on the surface of the sound pick-up (1); the sound pickup (1) is in communication connection with the detection host;
the sound pick-up (1) is used for receiving the air pressure change of the air column, converting the air pressure change into an electric signal and transmitting the electric signal to the detection host; the sound insulation cover (2) is used for isolating the sound pick-up (1) from the outside noise; the shell (3) is used for packaging the sound pick-up (1).
2. The prestressed duct grouting compactness measuring device according to claim 1, wherein the distance between the sound pickup (1) and the concrete surface is 1-20 mm.
3. A method for measuring grouting compactness of a prestressed duct is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: mounting a pickup and forming an air column;
s2: knocking the concrete surface beside the sound pick-up by using an exciting hammer to change the air pressure of the air column;
s3: the air pressure change of the air column is received by using a sound pick-up, converted into an electric signal and transmitted to a detection host;
s4: and receiving the electric signal by using the detection host, and analyzing to obtain a prestressed duct grouting compactness result.
4. The method for measuring the grouting compactness of the pre-stressed duct according to claim 3, wherein the step S1 comprises the following sub-steps:
s11: mounting a sound pick-up at a position 1-20mm away from the surface of the concrete;
s12: the sound enclosure is mounted between the sound pickup and the concrete such that the bottom of the sound enclosure contacts the concrete surface and forms a column of air between the sound pickup and the concrete.
5. The method for measuring the grouting compactness of the pre-stressed duct according to claim 3, wherein in the step S2, a shock excitation hammer is used for knocking the concrete surface beside a sound pick-up and generating elastic waves; the surface vibration of the concrete is caused by the elastic wave, so that the air pressure of the air column is changed.
6. The method for measuring the grouting compactness of the pre-stressed duct according to claim 3, wherein the step S4 comprises the following sub-steps:
s41: receiving the electric signal by using a detection host, and performing spectrum analysis to obtain a spectrum signal;
s42: converting a spectral signal to an equivalent thickness
；
S43: setting a thickness threshold;
s44: will be of equivalent thickness
Comparing with a thickness threshold if the equivalent thickness
If the thickness is larger than the threshold value, the grouting amount in the prestressed duct is less than that in the prestressed duct
Otherwise, grouting in the prestressed duct is larger than
。
7. The method for measuring the grouting compactness of the pre-stressed duct according to claim 6, wherein in the step S41, the method for obtaining the spectrum signal by performing the spectrum analysis comprises: and converting the electric signals changing along with time into frequency spectrum signals changing along with a period by adopting a fast Fourier transform method or a maximum entropy method spectrum analysis operation method.
8. The method for measuring grouting compactness of the pre-stressed duct according to claim 6, wherein in the step S42, the frequency spectrum signal is converted into an equivalent thickness
The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
which is indicative of the frequency of the spectral signal,
representing the propagation velocity of an elastic wave in concrete.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113899819A (en) * | 2021-10-29 | 2022-01-07 | 福建工程学院 | Device, system and method for measuring grouting compactness of prestressed duct |
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