CN112228057A - Coal roadway tunneling equipment and system with temporary uniform distribution supporting function - Google Patents
Coal roadway tunneling equipment and system with temporary uniform distribution supporting function Download PDFInfo
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- CN112228057A CN112228057A CN202011042922.0A CN202011042922A CN112228057A CN 112228057 A CN112228057 A CN 112228057A CN 202011042922 A CN202011042922 A CN 202011042922A CN 112228057 A CN112228057 A CN 112228057A
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- 230000008093 supporting effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 79
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 84
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 82
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 79
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 39
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 229920002379 silicone rubber Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 31
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 30
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004945 silicone rubber Substances 0.000 description 2
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000740 bleeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C25/00—Cutting machines, i.e. for making slits approximately parallel or perpendicular to the seam
- E21C25/06—Machines slitting solely by one or more cutting rods or cutting drums which rotate, move through the seam, and may or may not reciprocate
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C29/00—Propulsion of machines for slitting or completely freeing the mineral from the seam
- E21C29/22—Propulsion of machines for slitting or completely freeing the mineral from the seam by wheels, endless tracks or the like
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C31/00—Driving means incorporated in machines for slitting or completely freeing the mineral from the seam
- E21C31/02—Driving means incorporated in machines for slitting or completely freeing the mineral from the seam for cutting or breaking-down devices
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D19/00—Provisional protective covers for working space
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses coal roadway tunneling equipment and a coal roadway tunneling system with temporary uniform distribution supporting function. This coal road tunnelling is equipped including: a tunneling device; the temporary supporting device comprises a spraying device and a sealing air exhaust device; the spraying device is arranged on the first mechanical arm, and the first mechanical arm controls the spraying device to spray a spraying material on the surface of the surrounding rock of the newly dug roadway to form a sealed spraying layer on the surface of the surrounding rock; the sealing air extractor is arranged on the second mechanical arm, an air extracting passage is arranged inside the sealing air extractor, the second mechanical arm controls the sealing air extractor to be attached to the position, which is not reserved on the surface of the surrounding rock, of the spraying device, so that the outside of the sealing air extractor and the sealing spraying layer are sealed mutually, the air extracting passage is communicated with the surrounding rock crack and used for extracting air in the surrounding rock crack, and the surrounding rock is in a negative pressure state. The equipment can pump out air in the surrounding rock through the temporary supporting device to enable the surrounding rock to be in a negative pressure state, so that a temporary supporting effect on a newly formed roadway is achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of coal mining, in particular to coal roadway tunneling equipment and a coal roadway tunneling system with temporary uniform distribution supporting function.
Background
At present, because coal-series strata generally have low strength and developed cracks, support must be carried out in time after the excavation section is formed so as to ensure the safe exploitation of coal. The traditional supporting mode is a metal probe beam, a single hydraulic prop and the like, manual carrying is needed for supporting, the construction speed is low, the supporting strength is insufficient, the supporting quality is poor, and the manual labor intensity is high.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to solving, at least to some extent, one of the technical problems in the art described above. Therefore, the invention aims to provide coal roadway tunneling equipment with a temporary uniform distribution supporting function, which is provided with a temporary supporting device, wherein air in a crack of surrounding rock can be pumped out through the temporary supporting device, so that the surrounding rock is in a negative pressure state, and a temporary supporting effect on a newly formed roadway is generated.
The second purpose of the invention is to provide a coal roadway tunneling system with a temporary uniform distribution supporting function.
In order to achieve the above object, an embodiment of a first aspect of the present invention provides a coal roadway tunneling apparatus with a temporary uniform support function, including: the tunneling device comprises a vehicle body, a cutting part, an arm support and a wheel rotating part are arranged in front of the vehicle body, the cutting part is arranged on the wheel rotating part, the wheel rotating part can rotate around a fixed shaft arranged at the front end of the arm support and drive the cutting part to synchronously rotate, the cutting part is used for cutting surrounding rocks, and a first mechanical arm and a second mechanical arm are arranged on the vehicle body; the temporary supporting device comprises a spraying device and a sealing air exhaust device;
the spraying device is arranged on the first mechanical arm, and the first mechanical arm controls the spraying device to spray a spraying material on the surface of the surrounding rock of the newly dug roadway to form a sealed spraying layer on the surface of the surrounding rock;
the sealing air extractor is arranged on the second mechanical arm, an air extracting passage is arranged in the sealing air extractor, the second mechanical arm controls the sealing air extractor to be attached to the position, which is reserved on the surface of the surrounding rock, of the spraying device and is not sprayed, so that the outer portion of the sealing air extractor and the sealing spraying layer are mutually sealed, the air extracting passage is mutually communicated with the surrounding rock crack and is used for extracting air in the surrounding rock crack and enabling the surrounding rock to be in a negative pressure state.
The coal roadway tunneling equipment with the temporary uniform distribution supporting function, provided by the embodiment of the invention, is provided with the temporary supporting device, air in a crack of surrounding rock can be pumped out through the temporary supporting device, so that the surrounding rock is in a negative pressure state, and a temporary supporting effect on a newly formed roadway is generated.
In addition, the coal roadway tunneling equipment with the temporary uniform distribution supporting function provided by the embodiment of the invention also has the following additional technical characteristics:
in one embodiment of the present invention, the temporary support device further includes: the vacuum generating device is provided with an air exhaust pipeline and an air exhaust pipeline, the vacuum generating device is arranged on the vehicle body, the air exhaust pipeline is arranged on the second mechanical arm, and the second mechanical arm controls the air exhaust pipeline to be connected with or disconnected from the air exhaust passage.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the temporary support device further includes: the ventilation pipeline, the air intake setting of ventilation pipeline is in the tunnel of the operation of unfinishing temporary support, the air outlet of ventilation pipeline sets up in the tunnel of the operation of accomplishing temporary support, be used for to the tunnel of the operation of unfinishing temporary support carries out the pull-out type and ventilates.
In an embodiment of the present invention, a third robot arm is further disposed on the vehicle body, and the temporary support device further includes: and the sealing device is arranged on the third mechanical arm, and the third mechanical arm is used for placing the sealing device at the intersection of the roadway without the temporary supporting operation and the roadway with the temporary supporting operation, and is used for isolating the area without the temporary supporting operation from the area with the temporary supporting operation.
In one embodiment of the invention, the seal pumping apparatus comprises: the suction cup comprises a suction cup frame, a first sealing ring, a suction cup annular space suction opening, a ball bearing, a flexible material connecting sleeve, a shaft sleeve, a flange plate, a second sealing ring, a joint sleeve and a suction rod; the first sealing ring is connected with the sucking disc frame; the ball bearing is connected with the sucker frame; the air pumping rod is connected with the ball bearing; the flange plate is connected with the sucker frame, and the flexible material connecting sleeve is arranged between the flange plate and the sucker frame; the shaft sleeve is sleeved on the air pumping rod and is connected with the flexible material connecting sleeve; the second sealing ring is arranged between the shaft sleeve and the air pumping rod; the air pumping rod is connected with the joint sleeve; the joint sleeve is detachably connected with the second mechanical arm, and the suction opening of the annular space of the suction disc is positioned between the adjacent first sealing rings on the suction disc frame; the air pumping passage is arranged in the air pumping rod.
In one embodiment of the invention, a one-way valve is provided in the suction passage.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the first sealing ring is a sponge ring or a silicone rubber ring.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the first sealing ring is glued to the suction cup holder, the flange is connected to the suction cup holder by screws, and the sleeve is glued to the flexible material connecting sleeve.
In an embodiment of the present invention, a sleeve hole is provided inside the sleeve, and the second seal ring is provided in the sleeve hole.
In order to achieve the above object, a second embodiment of the present invention provides a coal roadway tunneling system with a temporary uniform support function, including: the coal roadway tunneling device comprises a permanent support machine and the coal roadway tunneling equipment with the temporary uniform distribution support function, wherein a tunneling device in the coal roadway tunneling equipment comprises a partial section tunneling machine or a full section tunneling machine; and the permanent support machine follows the coal roadway tunneling equipment to carry out permanent support operation on the roadway.
According to the coal roadway tunneling system with the temporary uniform distribution supporting function, the temporary supporting effect can be realized through the temporary supporting device in the coal roadway tunneling equipment with the temporary uniform distribution supporting function, the permanent supporting effect can also be realized through the permanent supporting machine, the double supporting effect can be realized, the supporting effect is good, and the safe mining of coal is guaranteed.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
The foregoing and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:
fig. 1 is a schematic view of coal roadway tunneling equipment with a temporary uniform distribution supporting function according to one embodiment of the invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of coal roadway tunneling equipment with a temporary uniform distribution supporting function according to another embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a seal pumping apparatus according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a top view (circular in shape) of one embodiment of the seal gas evacuation device shown in FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a top view (rectangular in shape) of another embodiment of the sealed gas evacuation device shown in FIG. 3;
fig. 6 is a schematic view of a coal roadway excavation system with temporary equipartition support according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic view of a coal roadway excavation system with temporary equipartition support according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 8 is a spatial plan view of a construction state of the coal roadway tunneling system with a temporary uniform support function according to the embodiment of the invention;
fig. 9 is a spatial plan view of another construction state of the coal roadway tunneling system with a temporary uniform support function according to the embodiment of the invention;
fig. 10 is a schematic view of an operation sequence of a plurality of operation units of the coal roadway excavation system with the temporary equipartition support function according to the embodiment of the invention; and
fig. 11 is a schematic view of an operation sequence of another plurality of operation units of the coal roadway tunneling system with the temporary equipartition support function according to the embodiment of the invention.
Reference numerals:
100: a coal roadway tunneling system with temporary uniform distribution supporting function;
1: coal roadway tunneling equipment with temporary uniform distribution supporting function; 2: a tunneling device; 3: a temporary support device;
4: a vehicle body; 41: a cutting part; 42: a boom; 43: a wheel rotating part; 44: a first robot arm; 45: a second mechanical arm; 46: a third mechanical arm;
5: a spraying device;
6: sealing the air extractor; the suction device comprises an air suction passage 61, a suction cup frame 62, a first sealing ring 63, a suction cup annular space suction opening 64, a ball bearing 65, a flexible material connecting sleeve 66, a shaft sleeve 67, a flange 68, a second sealing ring 69, a joint sleeve 610, a suction rod 611 and a one-way valve 612;
7: a vacuum generating device; 71: an air extraction pipeline; 72: an exhaust line; 8: a ventilation line; 9: a sealing device;
10: a permanent support machine; 101: an anchor rod trolley; a top anchor rod 1011; anchor rod 1012;
11: a conveyor; 12: and (7) surrounding rocks.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
The coal roadway tunneling equipment and the coal roadway tunneling system with the temporary uniform distribution supporting function according to the embodiment of the invention are described below with reference to the attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of coal roadway tunneling equipment with a temporary equipartition supporting function according to one embodiment of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, a coal roadway heading equipment 1 with a temporary equipartition support function according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a heading device 2 and a temporary support device 3.
The tunneling device 2 comprises a vehicle body 4, and a cutting part 41, an arm support 42, a wheel rotating part 43, a first mechanical arm 44 and a second mechanical arm 45 are arranged on the vehicle body 4. The cutting part 41, the arm support 42 and the wheel rotating part 43 are arranged in front of the vehicle body 4, the cutting part 43 is arranged on the wheel rotating part 42, the wheel rotating part 43 can rotate around a fixed shaft arranged at the front end of the arm support 42 and drive the cutting part 41 to synchronously rotate, and the cutting part 41 is used for cutting the surrounding rock.
The temporary support device 3 comprises a spraying device 5 and a sealing and air-extracting device 6.
The spraying device 5 is arranged on the first mechanical arm 44, and the first mechanical arm 44 can control the spraying device 5 to spray the spraying material on the surface of the surrounding rock of the newly dug roadway to form a sealed spraying layer on the surface of the surrounding rock.
The sealing air extractor 6 is arranged on the second mechanical arm 45, an air extracting passage 61 is arranged inside the sealing air extractor 6, and the second mechanical arm 45 can control the sealing air extractor 6 to be attached to the position, which is not sprayed, of the spraying device 5 reserved on the surface of the surrounding rock, so that the outside of the sealing air extractor 6 and the sealing spraying layer are mutually sealed. The air pumping passage 61 is communicated with the surrounding rock cracks and used for pumping air in the surrounding rock cracks to enable the surrounding rock to be in a negative pressure state.
It can be understood that because the surrounding rock and the newly excavated roadway are separated by the sealed spray layer, when air in the cracks of the surrounding rock is pumped out, pressure difference P can be generated on the inner surface and the outer surface of the surrounding rock, the maximum pressure difference P can reach 1 atmospheric pressure, namely P is more than 0 and less than or equal to 0.1MPa, and therefore the temporary supporting effect is generated.
In summary, the coal roadway excavation equipment with the temporary uniform distribution support function provided by the embodiment of the invention is provided with the temporary support device, air in the cracks of the surrounding rock can be pumped out through the temporary support device, so that the surrounding rock is in a negative pressure state, and the temporary support effect on the newly formed roadway is generated.
As a possible implementation mode, the adhesive property and the sealing property of the sealing spray layer need to meet preset conditions, and the sealing spray layer formed after spraying has tensile strength and toughness and is used for forming support.
The spraying material is sprayed on a sealing spraying layer which can be formed on the surface of the surrounding rock, so that the wall caving can be prevented, the protection effect is achieved, and the effect similar to that of a metal mesh in anchor rod cable support can be achieved.
Optionally, the performance index of the spray material after 2 hours from the end of spraying needs to satisfy the following preset conditions: tensile strength is more than 3MPa, bonding strength is more than 1MPa, shearing strength is more than 5MPa, and elongation is more than 60%; the compressive strength is more than 10 MPa. Further, the performance index of the spraying material at final strength needs to meet the following preset conditions: tensile strength is more than 3.5MPa, shearing strength is more than 6MPa, elongation is more than 30%, and compressive strength is more than 20 MPa.
Optionally, after the material reaction is finished after the spraying material is sprayed, the sealing spraying layer needs not to react with water, that is, the spraying material in the sealing spraying layer does not continue to expand after meeting water, and the compressive strength, the shear strength and the tensile strength need to be kept from being reduced, so that the supporting effect of the sealing spraying layer cannot be reduced due to the meeting water, and the occurrence of accidents can be avoided.
Further, the gas permeability of the layer is spouted to the sealing <100md, will make like this that the sealing spouts the in-situ too much gas that can not get into, like this when the layer forms the back negative pressure state of bleeding into, because gas permeability <100md, and then the condition that a large amount of gas reentrant sealing spouts the layer the inside can not appear, can effectively avoid disappearing of negative pressure state, can make the time of the supporting effect on sealing spout the layer as far as possible longer.
Optionally, the spraying material is an organic material, and when the spraying material is an organic material, the flash point of the spraying material is required to be greater than or equal to 200 ℃, and the oxygen index is required to be less than or equal to 35%, so that a fire disaster can be avoided, and the occurrence probability of a relatively serious safety accident is reduced. The spray material may also be an inorganic material. For environmental protection, the spray coating material needs to be a non-toxic, odorless and pollution-free material.
The temperature of the environment for using the spray coating material is generally 0-40 ℃, and optionally, the highest reaction temperature of the spray coating material is less than or equal to 90 ℃.
Optionally, the spray material also needs to have flame retardant and antistatic properties.
As another possible implementation manner, the spray material includes a first material whose viscosity property satisfies the viscosity condition and a second material whose sealing property satisfies the sealing condition, where the first material is a foam material, and the second material is an airtight thin spray material. For example, the foam material may be a polyurethane material, and the airtight Thin jet material may be a flexible support material, such as a Thin Spray-on-line (TSL) Thin jet material.
It should be noted that the above is only a specific example of the spraying material, and the present application mainly aims at protecting the supporting process, and in the present application, other spraying materials with similar functions may also be provided.
Alternatively, the ripping apparatus 2 may include a partial or full face ripper. Wherein, the partial section heading machine can comprise a horizontal shaft type heading machine and a longitudinal shaft type heading machine.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 2, the temporary support device 3 further comprises a vacuum generating device 7.
The vacuum generating device 7 is provided with an air suction pipeline 71 and an air exhaust pipeline 72, the vacuum generating device 7 is arranged on the vehicle body 4, the air suction pipeline 71 is arranged on the second mechanical arm 45, and the second mechanical arm 45 can control the connection or disconnection of the air suction pipeline 71 and the air suction passage 61.
Wherein the exhaust pipeline 72 is used for exhausting the air in the surrounding rock cracks pumped by the vacuum generating device 7 into the roadway.
Optionally, the vacuum generating device 7 includes, but is not limited to, a vacuum pump, a vacuum generator.
In the specific implementation, the air in the cracks of the surrounding rock is pumped out by the vacuum generating device 7, and the following two possible modes can be included:
in the mode 1, the control air suction pipeline 71 is always connected with the air suction passage 61 until the air suction process is finished.
In the method 2, the air pumping pipeline 71 is controlled to be connected with the air pumping channel 61, and then if the pressure difference between the inner surface and the outer surface of the surrounding rock is detected to reach 0.1MPa, the air pumping pipeline 71 is controlled to be disconnected from the air pumping channel 61, and then the pressure difference is maintained by using the one-way valve in the air pumping channel 61 until the air pumping process is finished.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 2, the temporary supporting device 3 further includes a ventilation pipeline 8, an air inlet of the ventilation pipeline 8 is arranged in the roadway without the temporary supporting operation, and an air outlet of the ventilation pipeline 8 is arranged in the roadway with the temporary supporting operation, and is used for performing extraction type ventilation on the roadway without the temporary supporting operation, so as to send fresh air outside into the roadway without the temporary supporting operation, so that the air in the roadway without the temporary supporting operation is more suitable for human bodies, and the safety mining of coal is guaranteed.
Further, as shown in fig. 2, a third mechanical arm 46 is further arranged on the vehicle body 4, the temporary supporting device 3 further comprises a sealing device 9 arranged on the third mechanical arm 46, and the sealing device 9 can be placed at the intersection of the roadway which does not complete the temporary supporting operation and the roadway which completes the temporary supporting operation by the third mechanical arm 46 and used for isolating the area which does not complete the temporary supporting operation from the area which completes the temporary supporting operation, so that when the roadway which does not complete the temporary supporting operation is subjected to extraction type ventilation through the ventilation pipeline 8, ventilation of the roadway which completes the temporary supporting operation can be avoided, and the ventilation effect of the roadway which does not complete the temporary supporting operation is ensured.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 3, the sealed air extractor 6 may include an air extracting passage 61, a suction cup holder 62, a first sealing ring 63, a suction cup annular space extracting opening 64, a ball bearing 65, a flexible material connecting sleeve 66, a shaft sleeve 67, a flange 68, a second sealing ring 69, a connector sleeve 610, an extracting rod 611, and a one-way valve 612.
The first sealing ring 63, the ball bearing 65 and the flange 68 are all connected with the suction cup frame 62, and a flexible material connecting sleeve 66 is arranged between the flange 68 and the suction cup frame 62. The ball bearing 65 is also connected to a suction rod 611, a suction passage 61 is provided inside the suction rod 611, and a check valve 612 is provided in the suction passage 61.
The sleeve 67 is sleeved on the pumping rod 611 and connected with the flexible material connecting sleeve 66, and a second sealing ring 69 is arranged between the sleeve 67 and the pumping rod 611. The suction rod 611 is connected with the joint sleeve 610, and the joint sleeve 610 is detachably connected with the second mechanical arm 45; the suction cup annular space suction opening 64 is located between adjacent first seal rings 63 on the suction cup holder 62.
The process of pumping out the air in the cracks of the surrounding rock will be described in detail with reference to the temporary support means shown in fig. 2 and 3.
The spraying device 5 sprays the spraying material on the surface of the surrounding rock of the newly excavated roadway to form a sealed spraying layer on the surface of the surrounding rock, and the sealed air exhaust device 6 is attached to the position, which is reserved on the surface of the surrounding rock, of the spraying device 5 and is not sprayed, so that the outside of the sealed air exhaust device 6 and the sealed spraying layer are mutually sealed. The air pumping pipeline 71 in the vacuum generating device 7 is connected with the air pumping channel 61 in the air pumping rod 611 in the sealed air pumping device 6, and the air pumping channel 61 is communicated with the surrounding rock cracks.
The vacuum generating device 7 absorbs air in the area covered by the sucker frame 62 through the sucker annular space suction port 64, pressure difference is generated on two sides of the sucker frame 62, the first sealing ring 63 is compressed under the action of atmospheric pressure, the sucker frame 62 is tightly attached to the position, reserved on the surface of the surrounding rock, where the spraying is not performed, meanwhile, the vacuum generating device 7 absorbs air in the surrounding rock cracks through the suction passage 61, the air in the surrounding rock cracks is continuously pumped out, the surrounding rock and a newly-excavated roadway are separated by the sealed spraying layer, and therefore pressure difference is generated on the inner surface and the outer surface of the surrounding rock, and a temporary supporting effect is generated.
Optionally, the first sealing ring 63 may be a sponge ring or a silicone rubber ring, and has the advantages of strong compressibility and good elasticity.
Optionally, the first sealing ring 63 is glued to the suction cup holder 62, the flange 68 is screwed to the suction cup holder 62, and the sleeve 67 is glued to the flexible material connecting sleeve 66.
Optionally, a shaft sleeve hole is formed in the inner side of the shaft sleeve 67, and a second sealing ring 69 is arranged in the shaft sleeve hole.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a coal roadway excavation system with a temporary equipartition support function according to an embodiment of the invention.
As shown in fig. 6, the coal roadway excavation system 100 with the temporary equipartition support function according to the embodiment of the present invention includes a permanent support machine 10 and the coal roadway excavation equipment 1 with the temporary equipartition support function.
The tunneling device 2 in the coal roadway tunneling equipment 1 with the temporary uniform distribution supporting function comprises a partial section tunneling machine or a full section tunneling machine, and the partial section tunneling machine can comprise a horizontal shaft type tunneling machine and a longitudinal shaft type tunneling machine.
The permanent support machine 10 is arranged behind the coal roadway tunneling device 1 with the temporary uniform support function and is used for carrying out permanent support operation on the roadway.
Therefore, the coal roadway tunneling system with the temporary uniform distribution supporting function can achieve the temporary supporting effect through the temporary supporting device in the coal roadway tunneling device with the temporary uniform distribution supporting function, can achieve the permanent supporting effect through the permanent supporting machine, can achieve double supporting effects, is good in supporting effect, and guarantees safe mining of coal.
Alternatively, as shown in fig. 7, the permanent shoring machine 10 includes a roof bolter carriage 101, and the roof bolter carriage 101 sets roof bolts 1011 and roof bolts 1012 in the newly excavated roadway.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 7, the coal roadway excavation system 100 with the temporary uniform distribution support function may further include a conveyor 11, where the conveyor 11 is following behind the coal roadway excavation device 1 with the temporary uniform distribution support function to transport the broken surrounding rocks in the newly excavated roadway out to clean the newly excavated roadway, which is helpful for safe coal mining.
In specific implementation, as shown in fig. 8 and 9, the construction state of the coal roadway tunneling system with the temporary uniform support function according to the embodiment of the present invention may include a plurality of operation units: the device comprises a regional sealing and extracting type ventilation unit, a tunneling operation unit, a spraying operation unit, a surrounding rock sealing operation unit, an air pumping operation unit and a bolting operation unit, so that operations such as regional sealing and extracting type ventilation, tunneling, spraying, surrounding rock sealing, air pumping, bolting and the like are respectively realized. Note that the arrow at the lower right corner in fig. 8 and 9 points in the heading direction.
As a possible embodiment, the operation sequence of the plurality of operation units can be as shown in fig. 10, the ventilation unit with sealed area and the ventilation unit with drawn area runs through the whole operation process, and the tunneling operation unit, the spraying operation unit, the surrounding rock sealing operation unit, the air suction operation unit and the bolting operation unit sequentially operate.
As another possible embodiment, the operation sequence of the plurality of operation units can be as shown in fig. 11, the ventilation unit with sealed area and extraction type is operated through the whole operation process, and the temporary support process and the permanent support process after the tunneling operation unit are operated in parallel, namely, the spraying operation unit, the surrounding rock sealing operation unit and the air extraction operation unit are used for performing the temporary support operation, and the bolting operation unit can perform the permanent support operation at the same time.
The specific operation process of the area closing and extracting type ventilation operation unit can comprise the following steps: and arranging a sealing device 9 at the intersection of the roadway without the temporary support operation and the roadway with the temporary support operation, isolating the area without the temporary support operation from the area with the temporary support operation, installing a ventilation pipeline 8 on the newly excavated roadway, directly excavating the head, extending along with the head, and performing extraction type ventilation on the roadway without the temporary support operation by using the ventilation pipeline 8.
Wherein, the concrete operation process of the tunneling operation unit can comprise the following steps: a row spacing can be tunneled through the tunneling device 2, and broken coal rocks generated in the tunnel are transported out by the rear conveyor 11.
The specific operation process of the spraying operation unit can comprise the following steps: the spraying device 5 mounted on the tunneling device 2 sprays the spraying material to the newly formed surface of the surrounding rock of the tunneling operation unit, a sealing spraying layer is formed on the surface of the surrounding rock 12, and a position for mounting the sealing air extraction device 6 is reserved.
The size of the newly excavated roadway can be collected by the size collecting device before spraying, and the spraying device 5 is controlled to spray the spraying material on the surface of the surrounding rock of the newly excavated roadway according to the size of the newly excavated roadway. The spraying device 5 specifically comprises a spray head and a storage area for storing spraying materials; the spraying device 5 sprays the spraying material through the spray head. The spray head may comprise a plurality of spray orifices, the plurality of spray orifices differing in spray direction.
In one embodiment, the size acquisition device may include: the image collector is used for collecting the image of the newly excavated roadway; and the image recognizer is connected with the image collector and is used for carrying out image recognition on the collected images of the newly excavated tunnel so as to obtain the size of the newly excavated tunnel.
In another embodiment, the size acquisition device may include a laser scanner that obtains the size of the newly excavated lane by laser scanning the newly excavated lane.
In order to ensure the spraying quality of the sealed spraying layer, the sealed spraying layer can be detected by a spraying layer detection device, the spraying layer detection device detects the thickness of the sealed spraying layer, compares the thickness with the preset thickness, determines whether the thickness is qualified or not according to the comparison result, judges that the thickness is qualified if the thickness is equal to or larger than the preset thickness, judges that the thickness is unqualified if the thickness is smaller than the preset thickness, and controls a spraying device 5 to perform supplementary spraying on unqualified places. The spray layer detection device may be a laser scanner or the like.
Wherein, the concrete operation process of the surrounding rock sealing unit can comprise: an air exhaust passage 61 is arranged in the sealed air exhaust device 6, the sealed air exhaust device 6 is arranged at the position, which is reserved on the surface of the surrounding rock 12 and is not sprayed, so that the outer part of the sealed air exhaust device 6 and a sealed spraying layer formed by spraying materials are sealed mutually, and the air exhaust passage 61 in the sealed air exhaust device 6 is communicated with the crack of the surrounding rock 12; judging whether punching is needed before air extraction according to the conditions of the surrounding rock 12, if punching is needed, after sealing is finished, punching the surrounding rock 12 by using an air extraction rod 611 in the sealed air extraction device 6, stopping punching after punching to the air extraction depth, and attaching the sealed air extraction device 6 to the surface of the surrounding rock 12; if the hole does not need to be punched, the sealing and air-extracting device 6 is directly attached to the surface of the surrounding rock 12.
The specific scheme of judging whether to punch holes before pumping according to the conditions of the surrounding rock 12 can be as follows:
firstly, wholly evaluating the fracture condition of surrounding rock in the excavation process of a roadway. And observing and coring through a drill hole every 50 meters (m) of the tunnel, and measuring the axial and radial Rock Quality indexes (RQD) of the tunnel. When the axial direction and the radial direction RQD of the roadway are both less than 50 percent, the RQD is used as one of the bases for air extraction without punching. Secondly, in the process of tunneling along with a roadway, three-dimensional laser scanning, image recognition and the like are adopted to map the fracture condition of newly exposed surrounding rocks, and when the interval of the fractures on the surface of the surrounding rocks is less than 10 centimeters (cm) and the length of the fractures is more than 5cm, the fractures are taken as one of the bases for non-drilling and air extraction. And when two bases of non-punching air extraction are met, judging to adopt a non-punching air extraction method, otherwise, adopting a punching air extraction method.
The specific operation process of the air extraction unit can comprise the following steps: the air-extracting process adopts a process S5-1 or a process S5-2.
Process S5-1: the vacuum generating device 7 is connected with the air pumping passage 61 of the sealed air pumping device 6, air in cracks of the surrounding rocks 12 is pumped out by the vacuum generating device 7, the surrounding rocks 12 are in a negative pressure state, a pressure difference P is formed in the shallow surrounding rocks 12, wherein P is more than 0 and less than or equal to 0.1MPa, an active temporary supporting function is formed, the vacuum generating device 7 is always sealed and connected with the air pumping passage 61 of the sealed air pumping device 6 in the process, and air is continuously pumped until the air pumping process is finished. It should be noted that fig. 8 is a plan view of a construction state in which the air-extracting process is performed by the process S5-1.
Process S5-2: connecting a vacuum generating device 7 with an air extracting passage 61 of a sealed air extracting device 6, extracting air in cracks of surrounding rocks 12 by using the vacuum generating device 7 to enable the surrounding rocks 12 to be in a negative pressure state, forming a pressure difference P in the shallow surrounding rocks 12, wherein the pressure difference P is more than 0 and less than or equal to 0.1MPa, and forming an active temporary supporting function, wherein in the process, when the pressure P is 0.1MPa, the vacuum generating device 7 is disconnected with the sealed air extracting device 6, and the pressure difference is maintained by using a one-way valve 612 in the sealed air extracting device 6 until the air extracting process is finished. It should be noted that fig. 9 is a plan view of a construction state in which the air-extracting process is performed by the process S5-2.
In the air pumping process, the current air pressure in the cracks of the surrounding rock can be detected through the air pressure sensor, and the working power of the vacuum generating device 7 can be adjusted according to the current air pressure. The air pressure sensor may be a probe type sensor that can be inserted into the cracks of the surrounding rock, and the probe type sensor is disposed on the inner edge of the suction opening 64 of the suction cup annular space.
Wherein, the concrete operation process of bolting unit can include: the anchor rod trolley 101 follows the tunneling device 2 to carry out permanent supporting construction, and after the construction is finished, the area sealing and drawing type ventilation operation unit starts a new round of operation.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the invention and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are not to be considered limiting of the invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be directly contacting the first and second features or indirectly contacting the first and second features through an intermediate. Also, a first feature "on," "over," and "above" a second feature may be directly or diagonally above the second feature, or may simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the first feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a coal road tunnelling is equipped with function is strutted to interim equipartition which characterized in that includes:
the tunneling device comprises a vehicle body, a cutting part, an arm support and a wheel rotating part are arranged in front of the vehicle body, the cutting part is arranged on the wheel rotating part, the wheel rotating part can rotate around a fixed shaft arranged at the front end of the arm support and drive the cutting part to synchronously rotate, the cutting part is used for cutting surrounding rocks, and a first mechanical arm and a second mechanical arm are arranged on the vehicle body;
the temporary supporting device comprises a spraying device and a sealing air exhaust device;
the spraying device is arranged on the first mechanical arm, and the first mechanical arm controls the spraying device to spray a spraying material on the surface of the surrounding rock of the newly dug roadway to form a sealed spraying layer on the surface of the surrounding rock;
the sealing air extractor is arranged on the second mechanical arm, an air extracting passage is arranged in the sealing air extractor, the second mechanical arm controls the sealing air extractor to be attached to the position, which is reserved on the surface of the surrounding rock, of the spraying device and is not sprayed, so that the outer portion of the sealing air extractor and the sealing spraying layer are mutually sealed, the air extracting passage is mutually communicated with the surrounding rock crack and is used for extracting air in the surrounding rock crack and enabling the surrounding rock to be in a negative pressure state.
2. The coal roadway excavation equipment with the function of temporary uniform distribution support according to claim 1, wherein the temporary support device further comprises:
the vacuum generating device is provided with an air exhaust pipeline and an air exhaust pipeline, the vacuum generating device is arranged on the vehicle body, the air exhaust pipeline is arranged on the second mechanical arm, and the second mechanical arm controls the air exhaust pipeline to be connected with or disconnected from the air exhaust passage.
3. The coal roadway excavation equipment with the function of temporary uniform distribution support according to claim 2, wherein the temporary support device further comprises:
the ventilation pipeline, the air intake setting of ventilation pipeline is in the tunnel of the operation of unfinishing temporary support, the air outlet of ventilation pipeline sets up in the tunnel of the operation of accomplishing temporary support, be used for to the tunnel of the operation of unfinishing temporary support carries out the pull-out type and ventilates.
4. The coal roadway tunneling equipment with the temporary uniform distribution supporting function according to claim 1, wherein a third mechanical arm is further arranged on the vehicle body, and the temporary supporting device further comprises:
and the sealing device is arranged on the third mechanical arm, and the third mechanical arm is used for placing the sealing device at the intersection of the roadway without the temporary supporting operation and the roadway with the temporary supporting operation, and is used for isolating the area without the temporary supporting operation from the area with the temporary supporting operation.
5. The coal roadway excavation equipment with the function of temporary uniform distribution support according to claim 1, wherein the sealing air extraction device comprises:
the suction cup comprises a suction cup frame, a first sealing ring, a suction cup annular space suction opening, a ball bearing, a flexible material connecting sleeve, a shaft sleeve, a flange plate, a second sealing ring, a joint sleeve and a suction rod;
the first sealing ring is connected with the sucking disc frame; the ball bearing is connected with the sucker frame; the air pumping rod is connected with the ball bearing; the flange plate is connected with the sucker frame, and the flexible material connecting sleeve is arranged between the flange plate and the sucker frame; the shaft sleeve is sleeved on the air pumping rod and is connected with the flexible material connecting sleeve; the second sealing ring is arranged between the shaft sleeve and the air pumping rod; the air pumping rod is connected with the joint sleeve; the joint sleeve is detachably connected with the second mechanical arm, and the suction opening of the annular space of the suction disc is positioned between the adjacent first sealing rings on the suction disc frame; the air pumping passage is arranged in the air pumping rod.
6. The coal roadway excavation equipment with the function of temporary uniform distribution support according to claim 5, wherein a one-way valve is arranged in the air suction passage.
7. The coal roadway excavation equipment with the function of temporary uniform distribution support according to claim 5, wherein the first sealing ring is a sponge ring or a silicon rubber ring.
8. The coal roadway excavation equipment with the function of temporary uniform distribution support according to claim 5, wherein the first sealing ring is glued to the suction cup frame, the flange plate is connected to the suction cup frame through a screw, and the shaft sleeve is glued to the flexible material connecting sleeve.
9. The coal roadway tunneling equipment with the temporary uniform distribution supporting function according to claim 5, wherein a shaft sleeve hole is formed in the inner side of the shaft sleeve, and the second sealing ring is arranged in the shaft sleeve hole.
10. The utility model provides a coal road tunnelling system with function is strutted to interim equipartition which characterized in that includes: a permanent support machine and the coal roadway tunneling equipment with the temporary uniform distribution support function as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the tunneling device in the coal roadway tunneling equipment comprises a partial section tunneling machine or a full section tunneling machine;
and the permanent support machine follows the coal roadway tunneling equipment to carry out permanent support operation on the roadway.
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| CN202011042922.0A CN112228057B (en) | 2020-09-28 | 2020-09-28 | Coal roadway tunneling equipment and system with temporary uniform distribution supporting function |
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