CN112227570A - Precise tensioning process for ultra-long vertical cable of cable net curtain wall - Google Patents
Precise tensioning process for ultra-long vertical cable of cable net curtain wall Download PDFInfo
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
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Abstract
An accurate tensioning process for an ultralong vertical cable of a cable net curtain wall comprises the following steps: (1) calculating the deformation of the simulation structure; (2) tensioning a vertical cable: A. verifying the line elasticity of the vertical cable; B. installing a vertical cable system; C. preparing before tensioning; D. adjusting the position of the bottom adjusting end of the vertical cable system; E. tensioning a vertical cable system and adjusting the top boundary of the building structure; F. measuring the initial state of the vertical cable; G. calculating the adjustment quantity of the middle adjustment end of the vertical cable; H. adjusting the position of the middle adjusting end of the vertical cable system; I. the tension is applied to the halyard in the order numbered according to the method of step D, E, F, G, H.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of building curtain walls, and particularly relates to an accurate tensioning process for an ultralong vertical cable of a cable net curtain wall.
Background
The existing single-layer cable net curtain wall is mostly a structural system with lower horizontal and vertical spans or larger horizontal span and smaller vertical span. Under the condition that the vertical cables are tensioned initially and subjected to the gravity of the curtain wall panel at the later stage, the vertical cables are short, the weight of the corresponding curtain wall panel is low, under the condition that the stress state of the cables is met, the deformation caused by the extension deformation of the cables and the stress of the cables to the structure is small, the deformation can be generally absorbed through the transverse separation seams of the curtain wall panel until the deformation is ignored, and the construction can be completed smoothly only by considering one index of the pretension of the cables in the design and construction processes.
However, for the ultra-high span vertical cable belt, the load of the curtain wall panel is large, the deformation of the vertical cable is large, the initial prestress of the cable is large, the deformation amount of the structure boundary is large, the irregularity problem of the cable net system in the tensioning stage caused by the factors that a plurality of rows of opening window fixing steel plates are continuously arranged in the vertical cable system and the like, and the constantly changing dynamic deformation coordination balance problem of the cable net system before the installation of the curtain wall panel and during the installation completion of the curtain wall panel are difficult to effectively control and solve.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an accurate tensioning process for an ultralong vertical cable of a cable net curtain wall, which can solve the problem of how to meet the dynamic coordination balance of the whole process from cable body deformation, structural boundary deformation to installation of a curtain wall panel under the condition that the structural boundary conditions of an ultrahigh-span cable net curtain wall with an opening window are complex.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an accurate tensioning process for an ultralong vertical cable of a cable net curtain wall comprises the following steps:
(1) simulation structure deformation calculation
The stress analysis is carried out in two stages during the design of the cable net curtain wall structure, the first stage is the tension of the cable net after the glass load is applied, the first tension is the tension of the cable net before the glass load is applied, and the second stage is the tension of the cable net before the glass load is applied; preliminarily estimating the stress deformation of the boundary of the building structure, and estimating the deformation of the vertical cable after the vertical cable is subjected to pretension to apply glass load;
(2) vertical cable tensioning
A. Line elasticity verification of a halyard
Randomly finding points on the vertical cables to determine the points as tensioning points, and simultaneously measuring and determining the boundary state of the building structure connected with the vertical cables; and then, performing graded tensioning on the vertical cables at the tensioning points by using different tension forces, measuring the deformation elongation of the vertical cables and the deformation of the building structure in corresponding stages corresponding to the different tension forces, wherein the difference value of the two is the final deformation of the vertical cables, forming a scatter diagram after the ratio of the final deformation of the vertical cables to the tension force of the graded tensioning, and if the verified result shows that the elongation and the tension force of the vertical cables are in a linear relationship, then the deformation value calculation formula of the vertical cables is as follows:
in the formula: f: tension applied to the halyard; s: the cross-sectional area of the transversely deformed halyard is ignored; l: length of the vertical cable; e: the modulus of elasticity of the halyard;
B. erection cable system installation
Welding a top adjusting end of a vertical cable on a steel beam at the top of the building structure, wherein the top of the top adjusting end is a sleeve, a vertical adjusting bolt is arranged in the sleeve, and the bottom end of the adjusting bolt abuts against the top surface of the top cross beam; a fixing plate extending downwards is arranged on the outer side face of the sleeve, the fixing plate is provided with a vertical long groove, a fixing bolt is arranged in the long groove, and the fixing bolt fixes the fixing plate on the side face of the top cross beam; the outer side surface of the fixing plate is provided with a base, and the base is provided with a pin shaft; the top of the vertical cable is connected with a top steel bar for connecting a top opening window, the middle of the vertical cable is provided with a middle adjusting end for connecting the middle steel bar, and the bottom of the vertical cable is provided with a bottom adjusting end connected with a bottom steel bar; lifting the vertical cable by a winch, and hinging the top end of the top steel bar with the base by the pin shaft; reversely adjusting the top steel bar, the middle steel bar and the bottom steel bar according to the deformation prediction of the vertical cable in the step (1), wherein the adjustment amount is the predicted deformation amount;
C. preparation before tensioning
Numbering each vertical cable in sequence from the two sides to the middle symmetrically, and measuring the initial state of the building structure boundary (measuring the position of a pin shaft at the top adjusting end);
D. bottom adjustment end position adjustment for a riser system
Before tensioning, the bottom adjusting end of the vertical cable system is pre-adjusted upwards, and the adjusting quantity is the total deformation quantity delta L of the vertical cable1；
In the formula: f: applying a tension to the vertical cable, wherein a first tension is taken; s: the cross-sectional area of the transversely deformed halyard is ignored; l: length of the vertical cable; e: the modulus of elasticity of the halyard;
E. tensioning of vertical cable systems and adjustment of top boundaries of building structures
C, tensioning each vertical cable for the first time according to the numbering sequence in the step C, wherein the tensioning point is the lower end of the vertical cable, and the tensioning force is the first tension; after tensioning is finished for 1 day, accurately measuring the deformation value of the center of the pin shaft of the top adjusting end by using a total station, wherein the deformation value is a first deformation, and adjusting the top adjusting end of the vertical cable upwards according to the first deformation;
F. vertical cable initial state measurement
The vertical cable is relaxed to the initial tension state according to the sequence reverse to the tension sequence, the second tension is carried out, the tension force is the second tension, and the initial elevation position H of the steel bar at the middle part of the vertical cable is measured1；
G. Calculation of the adjustment of the middle adjustment end of a vertical cable
Calculating the deformation of the middle steel bar under the condition of the difference value between the first tension and the second tension according to the following formula, and setting the deformation as a second deformation;
in the formula, Delta L2: a second amount of deformation; f1: a first tension; f2: a second tension; s: the cross-sectional area of the transversely deformed halyard is ignored; l: length of the vertical cable; e: the modulus of elasticity of the halyard;
the initial elevation position of the middle steel bar in the initial tensioning state, the design elevation position of the final middle steel bar and delta L2And (3) calculating a new regulating value by taking the difference, and setting the new regulating value as a third deformation:
ΔL3＝H1-H2-ΔL2
in the formula,. DELTA.L3: a third deformation amount; h1: the initial elevation position of the middle steel bar in the initial tensioning state; h2: finally, designing the elevation position of the steel brace; delta L2: a second amount of deformation;
H. central adjustment end position adjustment for a vertical cable system
On the basis of the second tensioning in the step F, adjusting the middle steel bar of the vertical cable system upwards according to the calculated value in the step G, wherein the adjustment amount is 2mm larger than the third deformation amount;
I. the tension is applied to the halyard in the order numbered according to the method of step D, E, F, G, H.
Further, the accurate stretch-draw technology of overlength vertical cable of cable net curtain still include step H, after step G accomplished, carry out the horizontal cable and hang the dress, refute the union piece at the fixed curtain plate block in the intersect of every horizontal vertical cable position, install the horizontal cable in refuting the union piece position.
Further, the second tension is 50 KN.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the invention, through simulation structure calculation, a deformation characteristic value of a main structure stress boundary at a steel cable stress point position is found by adopting two times of tensioning and combining with an actual measurement method, and the deformation characteristic value is used as a tensioning reference and positioning regulation basis of an upper structure of a cable net curtain wall. The method effectively solves the problems of cable deformation and prestress loss caused by the fact that complex boundary deformation of a main structure cannot be accurately found through theoretical calculation in the traditional vertical cable tensioning process, and creates a controllable main structure boundary control condition for accurate tensioning of the ultra-high span vertical cable.
2. The method adopts a 50KN small cable force pre-tensioning vertical cable and combines a measuring method, accurately finds the accurate stress and deformation initial state before the vertical cable is tensioned to the preset tension, provides an initial reference point for accurately controlling the accurate position of a steel plate for fixing the windowing in a vertical cable system, and effectively solves the problem that the initial zero point of tensioning cannot be accurately found due to the fact that the vertical cable has the initial tension.
3. The invention adopts a method of two times of tensioning and combining with measurement, calculates the deformation of the cross point position of a transverse cable and a vertical cable by a scheme, firstly integrally calculates the stress of each point position of a cable net curtain wall after the glass panel is installed, then deletes the load of a glass plate in a calculation model, can obtain the deformation and stress state of a front cable without applying the glass load, and can also carry out the measurement and setting of the position of a top adjusting end, the position of a middle adjusting end and the position of a bottom adjusting end, so that the steel plate of a fixed opening window in a vertical cable system can achieve the accurate dynamic uniform state of simultaneously reaching the design requirement on the cable force and the position, the stress state and the position of each point position on the cable net are dynamically changed, the invention aims to achieve the designed position of the point position needing to be controlled while achieving the design stress state, the adjusting process is dynamic, and each stage of the adjustment is dynamically uniform, necessary conditions are created for tensioning the ultra-long vertical cable and successfully realizing the project.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic construction structure diagram of the precise tensioning process of the ultra-long vertical cable of the cable net curtain wall.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a tensioning sequence of the precise tensioning process of the ultra-long vertical cable of the cable net curtain wall.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the deformation of the top of the building structure during the first tensioning by the precise tensioning process of the ultra-long vertical cables of the cable net curtain wall.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the upward adjustment of the top adjustment end of the precise tensioning process of the ultra-long vertical cable of the cable net curtain wall.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of upward adjustment of the middle adjustment end of the precise tensioning process of the ultra-long vertical cable of the cable net curtain wall.
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the upward adjustment of the bottom adjustment end of the precise tensioning process of the ultra-long vertical cable of the cable net curtain wall according to the invention.
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the final in-place adjustment of the top adjustment end, the middle adjustment end and the bottom adjustment end of the precise tensioning process for the ultra-long vertical cable of the cable net curtain wall.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the figures and examples.
The invention provides an accurate tensioning process for an ultralong vertical cable of a cable net curtain wall, which comprises the following steps:
(1) simulation structure deformation calculation
The stress analysis is carried out in two stages during the design of the cable net curtain wall structure, the first stage is the tension of the cable net after the glass load is applied, the first tension is the tension of the cable net before the glass load is applied, and the second stage is the tension of the cable net before the glass load is applied; preliminarily estimating the stress deformation of the boundary of the building structure, and estimating the deformation of the vertical cable after the vertical cable is subjected to pretension to apply glass load;
(2) vertical cable tensioning
A. Line elasticity verification of a halyard
Randomly finding points on the vertical cables to determine the points as tensioning points, and simultaneously measuring and determining the boundary state of the building structure connected with the vertical cables; and then, performing graded tensioning on the vertical cables at the tensioning points by using different tension forces, measuring the deformation elongation of the vertical cables and the deformation of the building structure in corresponding stages corresponding to the different tension forces, wherein the difference value of the two is the final deformation of the vertical cables, forming a scatter diagram after the ratio of the final deformation of the vertical cables to the tension force of the graded tensioning, and if the verified result shows that the elongation and the tension force of the vertical cables are in a linear relationship, then the deformation value calculation formula of the vertical cables is as follows:
in the formula: f: tension applied to the halyard; s: the cross-sectional area of the transversely deformed halyard is ignored; l: length of the vertical cable; e: the modulus of elasticity of the halyard;
B. erection cable system installation
As shown in fig. 1, a top adjusting end 21 of a vertical cable 2 is welded on a steel beam 11 at the top of a building structure 1, the top of the top adjusting end 21 is a sleeve 211, a vertical adjusting bolt 212 is arranged in the sleeve 211, and the bottom end of the adjusting bolt 212 abuts against the top surface of the top cross beam 11; a fixing plate 213 extending downward is disposed on the outer side of the sleeve 211, the fixing plate 213 is provided with a vertical long groove, a fixing bolt 214 is disposed in the long groove, and the fixing bolt 214 fixes the fixing plate 213 on the side of the top beam 11; a base 215 is arranged on the outer side surface of the fixing plate 213, and a pin 216 is arranged on the base 215; the top of the vertical cable 2 is connected with a top steel bar 31 used for connecting a top opening window 3, the middle part is provided with a middle adjusting end 22 used for connecting a middle steel bar 4, and the bottom is provided with a bottom adjusting end 23 connected with a bottom steel bar 5; lifting the vertical cable 2 by a winch, and hinging the top end of the top steel bar 31 with the base 215 by the pin 216; reversely adjusting the top steel bar 31, the middle steel bar 4 and the bottom steel bar 5 according to the prediction of the deformation of the vertical cable in the step (1), wherein the adjustment amount is the predicted deformation amount in theoretical calculation;
C. preparation before tensioning
As shown in fig. 2, each of the halts 2 is sequentially numbered in order from the bilateral symmetry to the middle, and the initial state of the boundary of the building structure is measured (the position of the pin 216 of the top adjustment end 21 is measured);
D. bottom adjustment end position adjustment for a riser system
As shown in figure 6, before tensioning, the bottom adjusting end 23 of the vertical cable system is pre-adjusted upwards, and the adjusting amount is the total deformation amount delta L of the vertical cable 21(ii) a In fig. 3, line a is the position of the bottom adjustment end 23 that needs to be adjusted upward before it is tensioned.
In the formula: f: applying a tension to the vertical cable, wherein a first tension is taken; s: the cross-sectional area of the transversely deformed halyard is ignored; l: length of the vertical cable; e: the modulus of elasticity of the halyard;
E. tensioning of vertical cable systems and adjustment of top boundaries of building structures
C, tensioning each vertical cable for the first time according to the numbering sequence in the step C, wherein the tensioning point is the lower end of the vertical cable, and the tensioning force is the first tension; after tensioning is finished for 1 day, accurately measuring the deformation value of the center of the pin shaft of the top adjusting end by using a total station, wherein the deformation value is a first deformation, and adjusting the top adjusting end of the vertical cable upwards according to the first deformation; as shown in fig. 3 and 4, line b in fig. 3 is the deformed position of the building roof (the pin 216 of the top adjustment end 21), and line c in fig. 4 is the upward adjusted position of the top adjustment end 21.
F. Vertical cable initial state measurement
Loosening the vertical cable to the initial tensioning state according to the sequence reverse to the tensioning sequence, performing second tensioning, wherein the tensioning force is a second tension which can be 50KN, so that the vertical cable 2 is vertical, and measuring the initial elevation position H of the middle steel bar of the vertical cable at the moment1；
G. Calculation of the adjustment of the middle adjustment end of a vertical cable
Calculating the deformation of the middle steel bar under the condition of the difference value between the first tension and the second tension according to the following formula, and setting the deformation as a second deformation;
in the formula, Delta L2: a second amount of deformation; f1: a first tension; f2: a second tension; s: the cross-sectional area of the transversely deformed halyard is ignored; l: length of the vertical cable; e: the modulus of elasticity of the halyard;
the initial elevation position of the middle steel bar in the initial tensioning state, the design elevation position of the final middle steel bar and delta L2And (3) calculating a new regulating value by taking the difference, and setting the new regulating value as a third deformation:
ΔL3＝H1-H2-ΔL2
in the formula,. DELTA.L3: a third deformation amount; h1: the initial elevation position of the middle steel bar in the initial tensioning state; h2: finally, designing the elevation position of the steel brace; delta L2: a second amount of deformation;
H. central adjustment end position adjustment for a vertical cable system
On the basis of the second tensioning in the step F, adjusting the middle steel bar of the vertical cable system upwards according to the calculated value in the step G, wherein the adjustment amount is 2mm larger than the third deformation amount; as shown in fig. 5, line d is the position of the upward adjustment of the middle adjustment end 22, and line e is the position of the middle adjustment end 22 after actual tensioning.
I. The tension is applied to the halyard in the order numbered according to the method of step D, E, F, G, H. As shown in fig. 7, lines f, g, h are the actual positions of the top adjustment end 21, the middle adjustment end 22, and the bottom adjustment end 23 after being tensioned, respectively.
The precise tensioning process for the overlength vertical cables of the cable net curtain wall further comprises a step H, after the step G is completed, transverse cable hanging is carried out, a curtain wall plate block connection piece is fixed at the cross point of each transverse and vertical cable, and the transverse cables are installed at the connection piece position.
The foregoing embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention and its efficacy, and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. Many modifications may be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the general inventive concept, and those skilled in the art may make modifications and variations to the above-described embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Accordingly, it is intended that all equivalent modifications or changes which can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical spirit of the present invention be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. The precise tensioning process for the overlength vertical cable of the cable net curtain wall is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) simulation structure deformation calculation
The stress analysis is carried out in two stages during the design of the cable net curtain wall structure, the first stage is the tension of the cable net after the glass load is applied, the first tension is the tension of the cable net before the glass load is applied, and the second stage is the tension of the cable net before the glass load is applied; preliminarily estimating the stress deformation of the boundary of the building structure, and estimating the deformation of the vertical cable after the vertical cable is subjected to pretension to apply glass load;
(2) vertical cable tensioning
A. Line elasticity verification of a halyard
Randomly finding points on the vertical cables to determine the points as tensioning points, and simultaneously measuring and determining the boundary state of the building structure connected with the vertical cables; and then, performing graded tensioning on the vertical cables at the tensioning points by using different tension forces, measuring the deformation elongation of the vertical cables and the deformation of the building structure in corresponding stages corresponding to the different tension forces, wherein the difference value of the two is the final deformation of the vertical cables, forming a scatter diagram after the ratio of the final deformation of the vertical cables to the tension force of the graded tensioning, and if the verified result shows that the elongation and the tension force of the vertical cables are in a linear relationship, then the deformation value calculation formula of the vertical cables is as follows:
in the formula: f: tension applied to the halyard; s: the cross-sectional area of the transversely deformed halyard is ignored; l: length of the vertical cable; e: the modulus of elasticity of the halyard;
B. erection cable system installation
Welding a top adjusting end of a vertical cable on a steel beam at the top of the building structure, wherein the top of the top adjusting end is a sleeve, a vertical adjusting bolt is arranged in the sleeve, and the bottom end of the adjusting bolt abuts against the top surface of the top cross beam; a fixing plate extending downwards is arranged on the outer side face of the sleeve, the fixing plate is provided with a vertical long groove, a fixing bolt is arranged in the long groove, and the fixing bolt fixes the fixing plate on the side face of the top cross beam; the outer side surface of the fixing plate is provided with a base, and the base is provided with a pin shaft; the top of the vertical cable is connected with a top steel bar for connecting a top opening window, the middle of the vertical cable is provided with a middle adjusting end for connecting the middle steel bar, and the bottom of the vertical cable is provided with a bottom adjusting end connected with a bottom steel bar; lifting the vertical cable by a winch, and hinging the top end of the top steel bar with the base by the pin shaft; reversely adjusting the top steel bar, the middle steel bar and the bottom steel bar according to the deformation prediction of the vertical cable in the step (1), wherein the adjustment amount is the predicted deformation amount;
C. preparation before tensioning
Numbering each vertical cable in sequence from the two sides to the middle symmetrically, and measuring the initial state of the building structure boundary;
D. bottom adjustment end position adjustment for a riser system
Before tensioning, the bottom adjusting end of the vertical cable system is pre-adjusted upwards, and the adjusting quantity is the total deformation quantity delta L of the vertical cable1；
In the formula: f: applying a tension to the vertical cable, wherein a first tension is taken; s: the cross-sectional area of the transversely deformed halyard is ignored; l: length of the vertical cable; e: the modulus of elasticity of the halyard;
E. tensioning of vertical cable systems and adjustment of top boundaries of building structures
C, tensioning each vertical cable for the first time according to the numbering sequence in the step C, wherein the tensioning point is the lower end of the vertical cable, and the tensioning force is the first tension; after tensioning is finished for 1 day, accurately measuring the deformation value of the center of the pin shaft of the top adjusting end by using a total station, wherein the deformation value is a first deformation, and adjusting the top adjusting end of the vertical cable upwards according to the first deformation;
F. vertical cable initial state measurement
The vertical cable is relaxed to the initial tension state according to the sequence reverse to the tension sequence, the second tension is carried out, the tension force is the second tension, and the initial elevation position H of the steel bar at the middle part of the vertical cable is measured1；
G. Calculation of the adjustment of the middle adjustment end of a vertical cable
Calculating the deformation of the middle steel bar under the condition of the difference value between the first tension and the second tension according to the following formula, and setting the deformation as a second deformation;
in the formula, Delta L2: a second amount of deformation; f1: a first tension; f2: a second tension; s: the cross-sectional area of the transversely deformed halyard is ignored; l: length of the vertical cable; e: the modulus of elasticity of the halyard;
the initial elevation position of the middle steel bar in the initial tensioning state, the design elevation position of the final middle steel bar and delta L2And (3) calculating a new regulating value by taking the difference, and setting the new regulating value as a third deformation:
ΔL3＝H1-H2-ΔL2
in the formula,. DELTA.L3: a third deformation amount; h1: initial tension state lower middle steelAn initial elevation position of the bar; h2: finally, designing the elevation position of the steel brace; delta L2: a second amount of deformation;
H. central adjustment end position adjustment for a vertical cable system
On the basis of the second tensioning in the step F, adjusting the middle steel bar of the vertical cable system upwards according to the calculated value in the step G, wherein the adjustment amount is 2mm larger than the third deformation amount;
I. the tension is applied to the halyard in the order numbered according to the method of step D, E, F, G, H.
2. The precise tensioning process of the overlength vertical cable of the cable net curtain wall according to claim 1, is characterized in that: and step H, after the step G is finished, hanging transverse cables, fixing curtain wall plate blocks at the cross points of the positions of the transverse cables and the vertical cables, and installing the transverse cables at the positions of the connection pieces.
3. The precise tensioning process of the overlength vertical cable of the cable net curtain wall according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that: the second tension is 50 KN.
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| CN209538464U (en) * | 2018-11-29 | 2019-10-25 | 北京江河幕墙系统工程有限公司 | Rope net curtain wall openable windows steel plate support system |
| CN109707084A (en) * | 2019-02-27 | 2019-05-03 | 武汉凌云建筑装饰工程有限公司 | A kind of flexibility curtain wall elastic support and plug-in ribbon system |
| CN111611637A (en) * | 2020-05-12 | 2020-09-01 | 北京市建筑设计研究院有限公司 | Cable body blanking length calculation method considering cable structure node area influence |
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