CN112226680A - Engine cylinder block casting material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Engine cylinder block casting material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112226680A CN112226680A CN202010974147.6A CN202010974147A CN112226680A CN 112226680 A CN112226680 A CN 112226680A CN 202010974147 A CN202010974147 A CN 202010974147A CN 112226680 A CN112226680 A CN 112226680A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C33/06—Making ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/002—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing In, Mg, or other elements not provided for in one single group C22C38/001 - C22C38/60
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/005—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing rare earths, i.e. Sc, Y, Lanthanides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/08—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing nickel
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/12—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing tungsten, tantalum, molybdenum, vanadium, or niobium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/14—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing titanium or zirconium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/16—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing copper
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Refinement Of Pig-Iron, Manufacture Of Cast Iron, And Steel Manufacture Other Than In Revolving Furnaces (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an engine cylinder casting material and a preparation method thereof, wherein the total mass of the material is 100 parts, and the mass of each component is as follows: c: 3.8-4.05, Si: 1.95-2.25, Mo: 0.6-0.7, Cu: 0.5-0.7, Mn: 0.33-0.41, Ni: 0.26-0.34, Zr: 0.15-0.25, Ta: 0.1-0.2, La: 0.05-0.1, P: 0.03-0.04, S: 0.01-0.02 wt%, and Fe for the rest; the preparation of the material comprises the following steps: a. preparing an intermediate material: so that the composition satisfies the condition that one or both of the metal elements are less than a target value; b. preparing an intermediate: preparing a powder mixture according to the step of preparing powder in the powder steel, and calculating the mass required to be added; c. adding an intermediate: keeping the smelting temperature within the range of 1560-; d. and (5) detecting again, and discharging after the product is qualified. Through above-mentioned setting, have good stability to can provide good material performance, simultaneously, can obtain this material fast, and then reduction in production cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of materials, in particular to an engine cylinder block casting material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The engine block is one of five major components and is the basis for mounting all parts of the engine. The engine is connected with a crank link mechanism, a valve actuating mechanism, an oil supply mechanism, a lubrication mechanism, a cooling mechanism and the like of the engine into a whole through a cylinder body. Because the engine block is a core structure in the engine, the stability of the engine block directly affects the stability of the whole engine. The existing engine cylinder block is mainly finished by casting, and on the premise of not considering casting process, the material of the cast engine cylinder block becomes an important basic condition for determining the performance of the engine cylinder block.
For example, chinese patent publication No. CN107287529A discloses an alloy material for engine cylinder block, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: zn: 1-10 parts of Ti: 2-8 parts of Ni: 3-9 parts, B: 0.2-1.3 parts of Sn: 4-10 parts of, P: 1-5 parts, V: 2-8 parts of Fe: 30-70 parts. The engine cylinder body alloy material has the characteristics of high strength, more stable performance and no annealing adhesion on the surface, has good strength, oxidation resistance, fatigue resistance and fracture toughness, can reach the use temperature of 1800 ℃, has high strength characteristic, excellent solderability and corrosion resistance and has good processability.
For example, in chinese patent No. CN 105755359B: the background technology is as follows: the requirements of exhaust gas standards and high performance ratios will continue to drive the development of diesel engine technology. Higher peak combustion pressures improve engine performance and exhaust gas cleanup, but also increase thermal and power loads. This requires finding a solution from a design point of view. Engine designers have either added weight to conventional gray iron or aluminum engines or have used higher strength materials such as vermicular cast iron. The design and manufacture of new engines typically supports 3-4 generations of vehicle technology development, so that the materials selected not only meet the current design requirements, but also meet the high material requirements for future engine performance improvements without changing the overall design. Compared with gray iron or aluminum, the tensile strength of the vermicular cast iron is 75 percent higher, the elastic modulus is 40 percent higher and the fatigue strength is 100 percent higher, so the vermicular cast iron is an ideal material required by the design and performance improvement of the current and future engines.
However, the prior art has two problems: a, the creep rate range is difficult to control, the difference (range) of the creep rates of different treatment packages can reach 50-70% under the same production condition, and the allowable range is less than or equal to 30%; b, high creep rate is difficult to obtain, and a plurality of important creep iron pieces such as automobile engine cylinder bodies and cylinder covers require the creep rate to be more than or equal to 70 percent or even more than or equal to 80 percent. Meanwhile, the recession time of the existing vermicular technique is short, so that more molten iron cannot be cast before recession, and only can be smelted again.
Against the background, the patent mentions a production process of a material suitable for a cylinder body and a cylinder cover of a diesel engine, and belongs to the technical field of casting. The process comprises seven steps of equipment preparation, proportioning, charging, melting, molten iron chemical composition adjustment, inoculation and pouring. The eutectic degree Sc of the molten iron of the materials of the cylinder body and the cylinder cover of the diesel engine produced by the process is controlled to be between 0.9 and 0.93, and the carbon equivalent CE is controlled to be between 3.95 and 4.1, so that the fluidity and the casting manufacturability of the molten iron are ensured; meanwhile, the maturity RG of the molten iron can reach 113%, the inoculation effect is ensured, and the potential of the material is fully exerted. The relative hardness RH of the prepared diesel engine cylinder body and cylinder cover material can reach 0.84, and the cutting performance is excellent. The process is applied for more than one year, and the cost of each ton of castings can be reduced by 300 yuan.
From the foregoing, it can be seen that improvements in materials can provide better performance and lower cost, which is beneficial in creating better economic benefits, and the application is therefore presented.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an engine cylinder block casting material and a preparation method thereof, which have good stability and can provide good material performance, and meanwhile, the material can be obtained quickly, so that the production cost is reduced.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: the casting material for the engine cylinder block comprises the following components in parts by mass based on 100 parts by mass: c: 3.8-4.05, Si: 1.95-2.25, Mo: 0.6-0.7, Cu: 0.5-0.7, Mn: 0.33-0.41, Ni: 0.26-0.34, Zr: 0.15-0.25, Ta: 0.1-0.2, La: 0.05-0.1, P: 0.03-0.04, S: 0.01-0.02 wt% and Fe for the rest.
Through the technical scheme, elements such as Si, Mn and Mo are added into the material, the structural performance of the material can be obviously improved, the range of each element of the material is narrow, the performance difference of the material produced in different batches is smaller, the stability of the material is further ensured, and the material is easier to popularize and use stably.
Preferably, the content of C is 3.92 to 4.02 parts.
Through the technical scheme, the alloy can resist heat under the high-temperature condition and has toughness and hardness meeting the use requirement according to the content of C.
Preferably, the Mn content is 0.38 to 0.40 part.
By adopting the technical scheme, the material obtains good strength and hardness due to the addition of Mn, and the requirement of casting the engine cylinder body is met.
Preferably, the content of Mo is 0.5-0.7 part.
According to the technical scheme, Mo has the solid solution strengthening effect on ferrite, and can improve the stability of carbide, so that the Mo has a favorable effect on the strength of steel.
Preferably, the method comprises the following steps:
a. preparing an intermediate material: weighing furnace materials such as pig iron, scrap steel, ferrosilicon, ferromanganese, ferrotitanium, electrolytic copper and the like, adding the furnace materials into a medium-frequency induction furnace for smelting, wherein the smelting temperature is 1510-1540 ℃, detecting chemical components of molten iron after the furnace materials are completely molten, and enabling the components to meet the condition that one or two metal elements are smaller than a target value;
b. preparing an intermediate: preparing a corresponding powder mixture of one or two metal elements and Fe according to the step of preparing powder in the powder steel, and calculating the mass required to be added;
c. adding an intermediate: keeping the smelting temperature within the range of 1560-;
d. and detecting again, and discharging at 1460-1490 ℃ after the component is detected to be qualified.
Through the technical scheme, the smelting process is optimized, when the smelting component ratio is close to a material to be prepared, the method of adding the intermediate powder is adopted, so that the components reach the prepared material, the component ratio in the material can be controlled more accurately, and meanwhile, the intermediate is in a powder state, so that the powder can be quickly melted and mixed with molten metal, the preparation time of the material can be greatly shortened, and the production efficiency is improved.
Preferably, the particle size of the intermediate powder is 50 to 200 microns.
Through the technical scheme, proper powder granularity is kept, the cost can be reasonably controlled, and the powder can be rapidly melted to meet the production requirement.
Preferably, the intermediate is preheated before being added, the preheating temperature is 800-.
Through the technical scheme, the intermediate body is preheated, so that the intermediate body can reach a melting condition more quickly, time is saved, and efficiency is improved.
Preferably, the stirring mode adopts electromagnetic stirring.
Through the technical scheme, the electromagnetic stirring has the advantages of easily controlling the flowing direction of the molten steel and the stirring power.
Preferably, the intermediate is added in 3 to 5 aliquots by mass with a time interval between each aliquot addition of 20s to 40 s.
Through the technical scheme, the intermediate is divided into a plurality of equal parts and added in a plurality of times, so that the intermediate can be uniformly distributed in the molten metal, and the smelting of the material can be better completed.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) elements such as Si, Mn, Mo and the like are added into the material, so that the structural performance of the material can be obviously improved, and the range of each element of the material is narrow, so that the performance difference of the material produced in different batches is smaller, the stability of the material is further ensured, and the material is further easier to popularize and use stably;
(2) the smelting process is optimized, when the smelting component ratio is close to that of the material to be prepared, the method of adding the intermediate powder is adopted, so that the components of the material to be prepared can be controlled more accurately, and meanwhile, the intermediate is in a powder state and can be quickly melted and mixed with molten metal, so that the preparation time of the material can be greatly shortened, and the production efficiency is improved;
(3) the production process can control each component of the material within a very small range, so that the performance consistency of each batch of the material can be ensured, the engine cylinder body made of the material has stable service life and structural performance, and the engine can be safely used for a long time.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiments one to four provided by the present invention:
the first embodiment is as follows: the casting material for the engine cylinder block comprises the following components in parts by mass based on 100 parts by mass: c: 3.8-4.05, Si: 1.95-2.25, Mo: 0.6-0.7, Cu: 0.5-0.7, Mn: 0.33-0.41, Ni: 0.26-0.34, Zr: 0.15-0.25, Ta: 0.1-0.2, La: 0.05-0.1, P: 0.03-0.04, S: 0.01-0.02 wt% and Fe for the rest. The Si, Mn, Mo and other elements are added into the material, so that the structural performance of the material can be obviously improved, the range of each element of the material is narrow, the performance difference of the material produced in different batches is smaller, the stability of the material is further ensured, and the material is easier to popularize and use stably.
Example two: in contrast to the first example, the C content is 3.92 to 4.02 parts. The above-mentioned C content enables the alloy to be heat-resistant for use under high-temperature conditions while having toughness and hardness that satisfy the requirements for use.
Example three: the difference from the first example is that the Mn content is 0.38-0.40 parts. The addition of Mn ensures that the material obtains good strength and hardness, and meets the requirement of casting the engine cylinder block.
Example four: the difference from the first example is that the content of Mo is 0.5-0.7 parts. Mo has a solid-solution strengthening effect on ferrite, and can improve the stability of carbides, thereby contributing to the strength of steel.
Finally, the preparation method of the engine cylinder casting material is provided, which comprises the following steps:
a. preparing an intermediate material: weighing furnace materials such as pig iron, scrap steel, ferrosilicon, ferromanganese, ferrotitanium, electrolytic copper and the like, adding the furnace materials into a medium-frequency induction furnace for smelting, wherein the smelting temperature is 1510-1540 ℃, detecting chemical components of molten iron after the furnace materials are completely molten, and enabling the components to meet the condition that one or two metal elements are smaller than a target value; in this step, since melting is carried out purely with scrap, since the composition contained in the scrap is unknown and therefore the result of melting is also difficult to control precisely, the composition range is widened and the proportion of the material after precise melting is not favoured.
b. Preparing an intermediate: preparing a corresponding powder mixture of one or two metal elements and Fe according to the step of preparing powder in the powder steel, and calculating the mass required to be added; the prepared intermediate powder is convenient to measure, so that the result after the intermediate is added can be accurately controlled, and an accurate smelting process is obtained. The existing steps for preparing the powder in the powder steel are adopted because the technology is mature.
c. Adding an intermediate: keeping the smelting temperature within the range of 1560-. Because the strength of the intermediate powder is very low, the intermediate powder can be quickly melted by stirring after the powder is added into the molten metal liquid, so that the material can be quickly obtained, the production time is further reduced, the production cost is reduced, and the production benefit is improved. In addition, before the intermediate is added, the intermediate is preheated, the preheating temperature is 800-; and during the addition, the intermediate is divided into 3 to 5 equal parts by mass, and the addition interval time of each equal part is 20 to 40 seconds, so that the intermediate can be uniformly distributed in the molten metal, and the smelting of the material can be better completed.
d. And detecting again, and discharging at 1460-1490 ℃ after the component is detected to be qualified.
From the above, we can see that the smelting process is optimized, when the smelting component ratio is close to the material to be prepared, the method of adding the intermediate powder is adopted, so that the components reach the prepared material, the component ratio in the material can be controlled more accurately, and meanwhile, the intermediate is in a powder state and can be rapidly melted and mixed with molten metal, so that the preparation time of the material can be greatly shortened, and the production efficiency is improved.
To better meet the production requirements, the particle size of the intermediate powder is controlled to be 50 to 200 microns during production. The proper powder granularity is kept, the cost can be reasonably controlled, and the powder can be rapidly melted to meet the production requirement.
In summary, compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: (1) elements such as Si, Mn, Mo and the like are added into the material, so that the structural performance of the material can be obviously improved, and the range of each element of the material is narrow, so that the performance difference of the material produced in different batches is smaller, the stability of the material is further ensured, and the material is further easier to popularize and use stably; (2) the smelting process is optimized, when the smelting component ratio is close to that of the material to be prepared, the method of adding the intermediate powder is adopted, so that the components of the material to be prepared can be controlled more accurately, and meanwhile, the intermediate is in a powder state and can be quickly melted and mixed with molten metal, so that the preparation time of the material can be greatly shortened, and the production efficiency is improved; (3) the production process can control each component of the material within a very small range, so that the performance consistency of each batch of the material can be ensured, the engine cylinder body made of the material has stable service life and structural performance, and the engine can be safely used for a long time.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.
Claims (10)
1. An engine block casting material, characterized in that: the total mass of the material is 100 parts, and the mass of each component is as follows: c: 3.8-4.05, Si: 1.95-2.25, Mo: 0.6-0.7, Cu: 0.5-0.7, Mn: 0.33-0.41, Ni: 0.26-0.34, Zr: 0.15-0.25, Ta: 0.1-0.2, La: 0.05-0.1, P: 0.03-0.04, S: 0.01-0.02 wt% and Fe for the rest.
2. The engine block casting material according to claim 1, wherein: c of
The content is 3.92-4.02 parts.
3. The engine block casting material according to claim 1, wherein: the content of Mn is 0.38-0.40 parts.
4. The engine block casting material according to claim 1, wherein: the content of Si is 2.1-2.25 parts.
5. The engine block casting material according to claim 1, wherein: the content of Mo is 0.5-0.7 parts.
6. A method of making an engine block casting material as set forth in claim 1, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
a. preparing an intermediate material: weighing furnace materials such as pig iron, scrap steel, ferrosilicon, ferromanganese, ferrotitanium, electrolytic copper and the like, adding the furnace materials into a medium-frequency induction furnace for smelting, wherein the smelting temperature is 1510-1540 ℃, detecting chemical components of molten iron after the furnace materials are completely molten, and enabling the components to meet the condition that one or two metal elements are smaller than a target value;
b. preparing an intermediate: preparing a corresponding powder mixture of one or two metal elements and Fe according to the step of preparing powder in the powder steel, and calculating the mass required to be added;
c. adding an intermediate: keeping the smelting temperature within the range of 1560-;
d. and detecting again, and discharging at 1460-1490 ℃ after the component is detected to be qualified.
7. The method of preparing an engine block casting material according to claim 6, wherein: the particle size of the intermediate powder is 50 to 200 microns.
8. The method of preparing an engine block casting material according to claim 6, wherein: preheating the intermediate at 800-1300 deg.C for 3-5min before adding the intermediate, and protecting with inert gas during preheating.
9. The method of preparing an engine block casting material according to claim 6, wherein: the stirring mode adopts electromagnetic stirring.
10. The method of preparing an engine block casting material according to claim 6, wherein: the intermediate is added in 3 to 5 equal parts by mass, and the time interval between each equal part is 20s to 40 s.
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105543637A (en) * | 2015-12-08 | 2016-05-04 | 繁昌县恒鑫汽车零部件有限公司 | High-strength high-toughness vermicular graphite cast iron material for diesel engine cylinder and preparation method thereof |
| CN105755359A (en) * | 2016-02-29 | 2016-07-13 | 昆明云内动力股份有限公司 | Production technology of material applicable to cylinder body and cylinder cover of diesel engine |
| CN107287529A (en) * | 2016-03-30 | 2017-10-24 | 丁荣生 | A kind of Engine cylinder alloy material |
| CN110093554A (en) * | 2019-04-15 | 2019-08-06 | 暨南大学 | It is a kind of to have both high thermal conductivity and high-intensitive vermicular cast iron and the preparation method and application thereof |
| CN110904363A (en) * | 2019-12-06 | 2020-03-24 | 宿迁学院 | Preparation method of ABX alloy |
-
2020
- 2020-09-16 CN CN202010974147.6A patent/CN112226680A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105543637A (en) * | 2015-12-08 | 2016-05-04 | 繁昌县恒鑫汽车零部件有限公司 | High-strength high-toughness vermicular graphite cast iron material for diesel engine cylinder and preparation method thereof |
| CN105755359A (en) * | 2016-02-29 | 2016-07-13 | 昆明云内动力股份有限公司 | Production technology of material applicable to cylinder body and cylinder cover of diesel engine |
| CN107287529A (en) * | 2016-03-30 | 2017-10-24 | 丁荣生 | A kind of Engine cylinder alloy material |
| CN110093554A (en) * | 2019-04-15 | 2019-08-06 | 暨南大学 | It is a kind of to have both high thermal conductivity and high-intensitive vermicular cast iron and the preparation method and application thereof |
| CN110904363A (en) * | 2019-12-06 | 2020-03-24 | 宿迁学院 | Preparation method of ABX alloy |
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