CN112226608B - Heat treatment process for silicon steel sheet - Google Patents
Heat treatment process for silicon steel sheet Download PDFInfo
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- CN112226608B CN112226608B CN202010927963.1A CN202010927963A CN112226608B CN 112226608 B CN112226608 B CN 112226608B CN 202010927963 A CN202010927963 A CN 202010927963A CN 112226608 B CN112226608 B CN 112226608B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/46—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for sheet metals
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/74—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material
- C21D1/76—Adjusting the composition of the atmosphere
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/78—Combined heat-treatments not provided for above
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D11/00—Process control or regulation for heat treatments
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
- C22C9/10—Alloys based on copper with silicon as the next major constituent
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C26/00—Coating not provided for in groups C23C2/00 - C23C24/00
- C23C26/02—Coating not provided for in groups C23C2/00 - C23C24/00 applying molten material to the substrate
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- Heat Treatments In General, Especially Conveying And Cooling (AREA)
- Soft Magnetic Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a silicon steel sheet heat treatment process, which comprises the following steps: 1) detecting; 2) baking the furnace; 3) rust prevention; 4) and (4) heat treatment. According to the invention, through setting the heat treatment process and the process parameters of the silicon steel sheet, the performance guarantee of low iron loss, magnetostriction coefficient, high magnetic induction strength and the like of the silicon steel sheet is realized, the performance influence of the process on the silicon steel sheet is promoted, the comprehensive performance of the heat-treated silicon steel sheet is improved, and the silicon steel sheet is suitable for wide popularization and use.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of metal processing, in particular to a heat treatment process of a silicon steel sheet.
Background
The silicon steel sheet is a ferrosilicon soft magnetic alloy with extremely low carbon content, the silicon content is generally 0.5-4.5%, the added silicon can improve the resistivity and the maximum permeability of the steel, and reduces coercive force, iron core loss (iron loss) and magnetic aging, is mainly used for manufacturing various transformers, motors, mutual inductors, relays, generators and other electrical instruments, and because the production of the silicon steel sheet is praised as an artwork in steel products due to complex process, narrow process window and high production difficulty, before the silicon steel sheet is used, the silicon steel sheet needs to be subjected to heat treatment, wherein the heat treatment is to heat, keep warm and cool the silicon steel sheet in a solid state, the hot working process of the metal can obtain the expected structure and performance, ensure the performance of the silicon steel sheet such as low iron loss, magnetostriction coefficient, high magnetic induction strength, etc., the existing heat treatment process of the silicon steel sheet is generally stress relief annealing, and has limited influence on the performance improvement of the silicon steel sheet. Therefore, we propose a heat treatment process for silicon steel sheet.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a silicon steel sheet heat treatment process to solve the problems in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a silicon steel sheet heat treatment process comprises the following steps:
1) and (3) detection: detecting the heating furnace;
2) baking: drying the heating furnace;
3) rust prevention: rust prevention is carried out on the heating furnace;
4) and (3) heat treatment: and carrying out heat treatment on the silicon steel sheet.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the step 1) includes the steps of:
detecting a heating element and a furnace body wiring in the heating furnace, and switching on a power supply main switch after the heating element and the furnace body wiring are confirmed to be normal;
and then, connecting a cooling water pipe, confirming that the heating furnace is in good circulation, starting heating, and observing the water temperature at the water outlet at any time in the subsequent operation to ensure that the water temperature at the water outlet is 0-40 ℃.
In the technical scheme, all parts in the heating furnace are checked, and the attention items in use are determined, so that the use safety and equipment protection in the actual production are ensured.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the step 2) includes the steps of:
keeping a furnace cover in a heating furnace normally open, keeping the temperature within the temperature range of 20-200 ℃ for 7-9 h, then heating to 200-300 ℃, keeping the temperature for 1-3 h, finally closing the furnace cover, heating to 300-500 ℃, keeping the temperature for 7-9 h, and finally standing for 12-24 h.
In the technical scheme, the heating furnace is subjected to baking treatment, moisture in the device is discharged, rapid evaporation of the moisture in the device during use is avoided, damage to the device and products in the device is avoided, the baking can be finished quickly, the treatment process of the products in the device is stabilized, and the heating furnace is ensured to be stable and reliable.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the step 3) includes the steps of:
coating antirust oil on the surfaces of a furnace liner and a material rack in a heating furnace, covering a furnace cover, screwing screws, opening an exhaust valve, heating to 830-870 ℃, preserving heat for 1-3 hours, cooling until the temperature in the furnace is reduced to 580-600 ℃, and taking out;
coating anti-rust oil on the surfaces of the furnace pipe and the material rack again, covering a furnace cover to tighten screws, opening an exhaust valve, heating to 830-870 ℃, keeping the temperature for 1-3 hours, introducing nitrogen when the temperature reaches 680-720 ℃, stopping introducing until smoke does not exist at a smoke outlet, cooling until the temperature in the furnace is reduced to 570-630 ℃, and taking out;
coating rust-preventive oil on the surfaces of the furnace pipe and the material rack, covering a furnace cover, screwing screws, opening an exhaust valve, heating to 830-870 ℃, keeping the temperature for 1-3 hours, introducing nitrogen gas at the same time until no smoke exists at an exhaust port, cooling until the temperature in the furnace is reduced to 570-630 ℃, and taking out.
Among the above-mentioned technical scheme, the furnace pipe and the work or material rest surface in the heating furnace are brushed rust-preventive oil, and it is isolated with the air to scribble the fat liquoring part to prevent to rust, cause the influence to the product in the device when avoiding using, and the high temperature treatment after the fat liquoring, inside rust-preventive oil infiltration furnace pipe and the work or material rest, make the part after the rust-preventive treatment be difficult for taking place the oxidation corrosion in the service temperature, the reliable and stable when guaranteeing the heating furnace use.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the step 4) includes the steps of:
taking a silicon steel sheet to be heat-treated, putting the silicon steel sheet into a material rack according to requirements, stably hanging the silicon steel sheet into a furnace container, covering a furnace cover, electrifying, heating and preserving heat; the heating process comprises the following steps: heating to 680-750 ℃, wherein the heating rate is 3.7-5.0 ℃/min, keeping the temperature for 10 min-5 h after the temperature is reached, introducing nitrogen when the temperature in the furnace reaches 400-450 ℃, keeping a smoke exhaust valve normally open, closing the smoke exhaust valve after the constant temperature is finished, keeping the pressure at 0.01-0.06 MPa, cooling, taking out the silicon steel sheet for air cooling when the temperature in the furnace reaches 400-500 ℃, opening the smoke exhaust valve to put in air when the temperature is reduced to 350-380 ℃, and taking out the silicon steel sheet after the temperature is reduced to 180-210 ℃.
In the technical scheme, the heat treatment of the silicon steel sheet can eliminate the residual stress in the silicon steel sheet, stabilize the size of the silicon steel sheet, avoid the deformation and cracks of the silicon steel sheet, refine crystal grains, eliminate tissue defects and improve the comprehensive performance of the silicon steel sheet.
As a preferred embodiment of the invention, the step 3) is followed by a pretreatment process of the silicon steel sheet:
heating the plating solution to 820-900 ℃, immersing the silicon steel sheet in the plating solution, treating for 1-10 min, then quickly taking out, placing in an argon atmosphere, carrying out heat treatment at 1000-1200 ℃, treating for 5-30 min, then sequentially polishing with 600-800 mesh, 800-1000 mesh and 1000-1400 mesh abrasive paper, and finally placing in an air atmosphere, treating for 30-60 min at 480-540 ℃;
the plating solution is a silicon-copper alloy containing 4.5-8.5 wt% of silicon, and the silicon-copper alloy further contains 0.007-0.08 wt% of C, 0.24-0.60 wt% of Mn, 0.64-0.87 wt% of Sn, 0.72-1.24 wt% of Y and 0.5-0.8 wt% of Fe.
In the technical scheme, the silicon steel sheet is placed in the plating solution, a silicon-rich film layer is formed on the surface, and silicon in the film layer is diffused at high temperature, so that the silicon content of the silicon steel sheet can be effectively improved, the soft magnetic performance is improved, the iron loss and the magnetostriction coefficient are reduced, and the magnetic induction intensity is improved;
the silicon-copper alloy is used as a plating solution, has the characteristics of good mechanical property, corrosion resistance and no magnetism, can not generate sparks when being impacted, has unchanged material characteristics at low temperature, Mn in the silicon-copper alloy is beneficial to improving the material strength and reducing the influence of temperature on the brittleness of the material, Sn is beneficial to refining the structure in the material, Y is combined with Cu to generate an intermetallic compound, can effectively prevent crystal grains in the material from growing, improves the mechanical property of the material, Fe can improve the high-temperature property of the material, so that the outer surface of the silicon steel sheet can be plated with a film layer with excellent performance to improve the comprehensive property of the silicon steel sheet;
finally, the silicon steel sheets are subjected to heat treatment in the air, so that the surfaces of the silicon steel sheets are oxidized to form an oxide layer, impurities are prevented from being adhered or the silicon steel sheets are prevented from being adhered to each other, the silicon steel sheets are prevented from being polluted, and the oxide layer is reduced during subsequent heat treatment in the step 4), and the original performance is recovered and strengthened;
mn in the plating solution can control the oxidation degree of the film layer, and the oxidation degree, the oxidation degree and the oxidation degree parameters are cooperated to avoid excessive or insufficient oxidation to influence the performance of the silicon steel sheet.
As a preferred embodiment of the invention, the step 4) is followed by a secondary heat treatment process of the silicon steel sheet:
taking a silicon steel sheet, placing the silicon steel sheet at the temperature of 250-320 ℃, preserving the heat for 7-10 days, and then cooling the silicon steel sheet to the room temperature at the cooling speed of 8-15 ℃/h.
According to the technical scheme, the silicon steel sheet is insulated at low temperature for a long time, the structure of the silicon steel sheet is stabilized, and the comprehensive properties such as the strength of the silicon steel sheet are improved.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the silicon steel sheet heat treatment process, the heat treatment process and the process parameters of the silicon steel sheet are set, so that the performance guarantee of the silicon steel sheet such as low iron loss, magnetostriction coefficient, high magnetic induction strength and the like is realized, the performance influence of the process on the silicon steel sheet is improved, and the comprehensive performance of the silicon steel sheet after heat treatment is improved.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
Detecting a heating element and a furnace body wiring in the heating furnace, and switching on a power supply main switch after the heating element and the furnace body wiring are confirmed to be normal; then, a cooling water pipe is connected, the heating furnace is confirmed to be in good circulation, heating is started, the water temperature of the water outlet is observed at any time in the following operation, and the water temperature of the water outlet is ensured to be 0 ℃;
keeping the furnace cover of the heating furnace normally open, keeping the temperature within the temperature range of 20 ℃ for 7h, then heating to 200 ℃, keeping the temperature for 1h, finally closing the furnace cover, heating to 300 ℃, keeping the temperature for 7h, and finally standing for 12 h;
coating rust-preventive oil on the surfaces of a furnace pipe and a material rack in a heating furnace, covering a furnace cover, screwing screws, opening an exhaust valve, heating to 830 ℃, preserving heat for 1 hour, cooling until the temperature in the furnace is reduced to 580 ℃, and taking out; coating anti-rust oil on the surfaces of the furnace pipe and the material rack again, covering a furnace cover to tighten screws, opening an exhaust valve, heating to 830 ℃, keeping the temperature for 1h, introducing nitrogen when the temperature reaches 680 ℃, stopping introducing until smoke does not exist at a smoke outlet, cooling until the temperature in the furnace is reduced to 570 ℃, and taking out;
coating rust-preventive oil on the surfaces of the furnace pipe and the material rack, covering a furnace cover, screwing screws, opening an exhaust valve, heating to 830 ℃, keeping the temperature for 1 hour, introducing nitrogen gas simultaneously until no smoke exists at an exhaust port, cooling until the temperature in the furnace is reduced to 570 ℃, and taking out;
taking a silicon steel sheet to be heat-treated, putting the silicon steel sheet into a material rack according to requirements, stably hanging the silicon steel sheet into a furnace container, covering a furnace cover, electrifying, heating and preserving heat; the heating process comprises the following steps: heating to 680 ℃, heating at a rate of 3.7 ℃/min, keeping the temperature for 10min after the temperature is reached, introducing nitrogen when the temperature in the furnace reaches 400 ℃, keeping a smoke exhaust valve normally open, closing the smoke exhaust valve after the constant temperature is finished, keeping the pressure at 0.01MPa, cooling, performing air cooling when the temperature in the furnace reaches 400 ℃, opening the smoke exhaust valve when the temperature is reduced to 350 ℃, putting air into the furnace, and opening the cover when the temperature is reduced to 180 ℃ to take out the furnace.
Example 2
Detecting a heating element and a furnace body wiring in the heating furnace, and switching on a power supply main switch after the heating element and the furnace body wiring are confirmed to be normal; then, a cooling water pipe is connected, the heating furnace is confirmed to be in good circulation, heating is started, the water temperature of the water outlet is observed at any time in the following operation, and the water temperature of the water outlet is ensured to be 20 ℃;
keeping the furnace cover of the heating furnace normally open, keeping the temperature within the temperature range of 110 ℃ for 8h, then heating to 250 ℃, keeping the temperature for 2h, finally closing the furnace cover, heating to 400 ℃, keeping the temperature for 8h, and finally standing for 18 h;
coating rust-preventive oil on the surfaces of a furnace pipe and a material rack in a heating furnace, screwing screws on a furnace cover, opening an exhaust valve, heating to 850 ℃, preserving heat for 2 hours, cooling until the temperature in the furnace is reduced to 590 ℃, and taking out; coating anti-rust oil on the surfaces of the furnace pipe and the material rack again, covering a furnace cover, screwing screws, opening an exhaust valve, heating to 850 ℃, keeping the temperature for 2 hours, introducing nitrogen when the temperature reaches 700 ℃, stopping introducing until smoke does not exist at a smoke outlet, cooling until the temperature in the furnace is reduced to 600 ℃, and taking out;
coating anti-rust oil on the surfaces of the furnace pipe and the material rack, covering a furnace cover, screwing screws, opening an exhaust valve, heating to 850 ℃, keeping the temperature for 2 hours, introducing nitrogen gas simultaneously, stopping until no smoke exists at an exhaust port, cooling, and taking out until the temperature in the furnace is reduced to 600 ℃;
taking a silicon steel sheet to be heat-treated, putting the silicon steel sheet into a material rack according to requirements, stably hanging the silicon steel sheet into a furnace container, covering a furnace cover, electrifying, heating and preserving heat; the heating process comprises the following steps: heating to 720 ℃, keeping the heating rate at 4.3 ℃/min, keeping the temperature for 2.5h after the temperature is reached, introducing nitrogen when the temperature in the furnace reaches 425 ℃, keeping a smoke exhaust valve normally open, closing the smoke exhaust valve after the constant temperature is finished, keeping the pressure at 0.03MPa, cooling, performing air cooling when the temperature in the furnace reaches 450 ℃, opening the smoke exhaust valve to introduce air when the temperature is reduced to 365 ℃, and opening the cover to take out the furnace when the temperature is reduced to 200 ℃.
Example 3
Detecting a heating element and a furnace body wiring in the heating furnace, and switching on a power supply main switch after the heating element and the furnace body wiring are confirmed to be normal; then, a cooling water pipe is connected, the heating furnace is confirmed to be in good circulation, heating is started, the water temperature of the water outlet is observed at any time in the following operation, and the water temperature of the water outlet is ensured to be 40 ℃;
keeping the furnace cover of the heating furnace normally open, keeping the temperature within the temperature range of 200 ℃ for 9h, then heating to 300 ℃, keeping the temperature for 3h, finally closing the furnace cover, heating to 500 ℃, keeping the temperature for 9h, and finally standing for 24 h;
coating antirust oil on the surfaces of a furnace pipe and a material rack in a heating furnace, covering a furnace cover, screwing screws, opening an exhaust valve, heating to 870 ℃, preserving heat for 3 hours, cooling until the temperature in the furnace is reduced to 600 ℃, and taking out; coating anti-rust oil on the surfaces of the furnace pipe and the material rack again, covering a furnace cover, screwing screws, opening an exhaust valve, heating to 870 ℃, keeping the temperature for 3 hours, introducing nitrogen when the temperature reaches 720 ℃, stopping introducing until smoke does not exist at an exhaust port, cooling until the temperature in the furnace is reduced to 630 ℃, and taking out;
coating anti-rust oil on the surfaces of a furnace pipe and a material rack, covering a furnace cover, screwing screws, opening an exhaust valve, heating to 870 ℃, preserving heat for 3 hours, introducing nitrogen gas simultaneously, stopping until no smoke exists at an exhaust port, cooling, and taking out until the temperature in the furnace is reduced to 630 ℃;
taking a silicon steel sheet to be heat-treated, putting the silicon steel sheet into a material rack according to requirements, stably hanging the silicon steel sheet into a furnace container, covering a furnace cover, electrifying, heating and preserving heat; the heating process comprises the following steps: heating to 750 ℃, heating at a rate of 5.0 ℃/min, keeping the temperature for 5h after the temperature is reached, introducing nitrogen when the temperature in the furnace reaches 450 ℃, keeping a smoke exhaust valve normally open, closing the smoke exhaust valve after the constant temperature is finished, keeping the pressure at 0.06MPa, cooling, performing air cooling when the temperature in the furnace reaches 500 ℃, opening the smoke exhaust valve to introduce air when the temperature is reduced to 380 ℃, and taking the furnace out after the temperature is reduced to 210 ℃.
Comparative example 1
Detecting a heating element and a furnace body wiring in the heating furnace, and switching on a power supply main switch after the heating element and the furnace body wiring are confirmed to be normal; then, a cooling water pipe is connected, the heating furnace is confirmed to be in good circulation, heating is started, the water temperature of a water outlet is observed at any time in the following operation, and the water temperature of the water outlet is ensured to be 20 ℃;
keeping the furnace cover of the heating furnace normally open, keeping the temperature within the temperature range of 110 ℃ for 8h, then heating to 250 ℃, keeping the temperature for 2h, finally closing the furnace cover, heating to 400 ℃, keeping the temperature for 8h, and finally standing for 18 h;
coating rust-preventive oil on the surfaces of a furnace pipe and a material rack in a heating furnace, screwing screws on a furnace cover, opening an exhaust valve, heating to 850 ℃, preserving heat for 2 hours, cooling until the temperature in the furnace is reduced to 590 ℃, and taking out; coating anti-rust oil on the surfaces of the furnace pipe and the material rack again, covering a furnace cover, screwing screws, opening an exhaust valve, heating to 850 ℃, keeping the temperature for 2 hours, introducing nitrogen when the temperature reaches 700 ℃, stopping introducing until smoke does not exist at a smoke outlet, cooling until the temperature in the furnace is reduced to 600 ℃, and taking out;
coating anti-rust oil on the surfaces of the furnace pipe and the material rack, covering a furnace cover, screwing screws, opening an exhaust valve, heating to 850 ℃, keeping the temperature for 2 hours, introducing nitrogen gas simultaneously, stopping until no smoke exists at an exhaust port, cooling, and taking out until the temperature in the furnace is reduced to 600 ℃;
heating the plating solution to 860-900 ℃, immersing the silicon steel sheet in the plating solution, quickly taking out the silicon steel sheet after 5min of treatment, placing the silicon steel sheet in an argon atmosphere, performing heat treatment at 1100 ℃ for 5-30 min, then sequentially polishing the silicon steel sheet by 600-mesh, 800-mesh and 1000-mesh abrasive paper, and finally placing the silicon steel sheet in an air atmosphere at 510 ℃ for 45min of treatment; wherein the plating solution is silicon-copper alloy containing 6.5 wt% of silicon, and the silicon-copper alloy also contains 0.04 wt% of C, 0.42 wt% of Mn, 0.76 wt% of Sn, 1 wt% of Y and 0.6 wt% of Fe;
taking a silicon steel sheet to be heat-treated, putting the silicon steel sheet into a material rack according to requirements, stably hanging the silicon steel sheet into a furnace container, covering a furnace cover, electrifying, heating and preserving heat; the heating process comprises the following steps: heating to 720 ℃, keeping the heating rate at 4.3 ℃/min, keeping the temperature for 2.5h after the temperature is reached, introducing nitrogen when the temperature in the furnace reaches 425 ℃, keeping a smoke exhaust valve normally open, closing the smoke exhaust valve after the constant temperature is finished, keeping the pressure at 0.03MPa, cooling, performing air cooling when the temperature in the furnace reaches 450 ℃, opening the smoke exhaust valve to introduce air when the temperature is reduced to 365 ℃, and opening the cover to take out the furnace when the temperature is reduced to 200 ℃;
taking a silicon steel sheet, placing the silicon steel sheet at the temperature of 250-320 ℃, preserving the heat for 7-10 days, and then cooling the silicon steel sheet to the room temperature at the cooling speed of 8-15 ℃/h.
Comparative example 2
Detecting a heating element and a furnace body wiring in the heating furnace, and switching on a power supply main switch after the heating element and the furnace body wiring are confirmed to be normal; then, a cooling water pipe is connected, the heating furnace is confirmed to be in good circulation, heating is started, the water temperature of a water outlet is observed at any time in the following operation, and the water temperature of the water outlet is ensured to be 20 ℃;
keeping the furnace cover of the heating furnace normally open, keeping the temperature within the temperature range of 110 ℃ for 8h, then heating to 250 ℃, keeping the temperature for 2h, finally closing the furnace cover, heating to 400 ℃, keeping the temperature for 8h, and finally standing for 18 h;
coating antirust oil on the surfaces of a furnace pipe and a material rack in a heating furnace, covering a furnace cover, screwing screws, opening an exhaust valve, heating to 850 ℃, preserving heat for 2 hours, cooling until the temperature in the furnace is reduced to 590 ℃, and taking out; coating anti-rust oil on the surfaces of the furnace pipe and the material rack again, covering a furnace cover, screwing screws, opening an exhaust valve, heating to 850 ℃, keeping the temperature for 2 hours, introducing nitrogen when the temperature reaches 700 ℃, stopping introducing until smoke does not exist at a smoke outlet, cooling until the temperature in the furnace is reduced to 600 ℃, and taking out;
coating anti-rust oil on the surfaces of the furnace pipe and the material rack, covering a furnace cover, screwing screws, opening an exhaust valve, heating to 850 ℃, keeping the temperature for 2 hours, introducing nitrogen gas simultaneously, stopping until no smoke exists at an exhaust port, cooling, and taking out until the temperature in the furnace is reduced to 600 ℃;
taking a silicon steel sheet to be heat treated, putting the silicon steel sheet into a material rack according to requirements, stably hanging the silicon steel sheet into a furnace container, covering a furnace cover, electrifying, heating and preserving heat; the heating process comprises the following steps: heating to 720 ℃, keeping the heating rate at 4.3 ℃/min, keeping the temperature for 2.5h after the temperature is reached, introducing nitrogen when the temperature in the furnace reaches 425 ℃, keeping a smoke exhaust valve normally open, closing the smoke exhaust valve after the constant temperature is finished, keeping the pressure at 0.03MPa, cooling, performing air cooling when the temperature in the furnace reaches 450 ℃, opening the smoke exhaust valve to introduce air when the temperature is reduced to 365 ℃, and opening the cover to take out the furnace when the temperature is reduced to 200 ℃;
taking a silicon steel sheet, placing the silicon steel sheet at the temperature of 250-320 ℃, preserving the heat for 7-10 days, and then cooling the silicon steel sheet to the room temperature at the cooling speed of 8-15 ℃/h.
Comparative example 3
Detecting a heating element and a furnace body wiring in the heating furnace, and switching on a power supply main switch after the heating element and the furnace body wiring are confirmed to be normal; then, a cooling water pipe is connected, the heating furnace is confirmed to be in good circulation, heating is started, the water temperature of the water outlet is observed at any time in the following operation, and the water temperature of the water outlet is ensured to be 20 ℃;
keeping the furnace cover of the heating furnace normally open, keeping the temperature within the temperature range of 110 ℃ for 8h, then heating to 250 ℃, keeping the temperature for 2h, finally closing the furnace cover, heating to 400 ℃, keeping the temperature for 8h, and finally standing for 18 h;
coating antirust oil on the surfaces of a furnace pipe and a material rack in a heating furnace, covering a furnace cover, screwing screws, opening an exhaust valve, heating to 850 ℃, preserving heat for 2 hours, cooling until the temperature in the furnace is reduced to 590 ℃, and taking out; coating anti-rust oil on the surfaces of the furnace pipe and the material rack again, covering a furnace cover, screwing screws, opening an exhaust valve, heating to 850 ℃, keeping the temperature for 2 hours, introducing nitrogen when the temperature reaches 700 ℃, stopping introducing until smoke does not exist at a smoke outlet, cooling until the temperature in the furnace is reduced to 600 ℃, and taking out;
coating anti-rust oil on the surfaces of the furnace pipe and the material rack, covering a furnace cover, screwing screws, opening an exhaust valve, heating to 850 ℃, keeping the temperature for 2 hours, introducing nitrogen gas simultaneously, stopping until no smoke exists at an exhaust port, cooling, and taking out until the temperature in the furnace is reduced to 600 ℃;
heating the plating solution to 860-900 ℃, immersing the silicon steel sheet in the plating solution, quickly taking out the silicon steel sheet after 5min of treatment, placing the silicon steel sheet in an argon atmosphere, performing heat treatment at 1100 ℃ for 5-30 min, then sequentially polishing the silicon steel sheet by 600-mesh, 800-mesh and 1000-mesh abrasive paper, and finally placing the silicon steel sheet in an air atmosphere at 510 ℃ for 45min of treatment; wherein the plating solution is silicon-copper alloy containing 6.5 wt% of silicon, and the silicon-copper alloy also contains 0.04 wt% of C, 0.42 wt% of Mn, 0.76 wt% of Sn, 1 wt% of Y and 0.6 wt% of Fe;
taking a silicon steel sheet to be heat-treated, putting the silicon steel sheet into a material rack according to requirements, stably hanging the silicon steel sheet into a furnace container, covering a furnace cover, electrifying, heating and preserving heat; the heating process comprises the following steps: heating to 720 ℃, keeping the heating rate at 4.3 ℃/min, keeping the temperature for 2.5h after the temperature is reached, introducing nitrogen when the temperature in the furnace reaches 425 ℃, keeping a smoke exhaust valve normally open, closing the smoke exhaust valve after the constant temperature is finished, keeping the pressure at 0.03MPa, cooling, performing air cooling when the temperature in the furnace reaches 450 ℃, opening the smoke exhaust valve to introduce air when the temperature is reduced to 365 ℃, and opening the cover to take out the furnace when the temperature is reduced to 200 ℃.
Experiment of the invention
Compared with example 1, the process parameters of example 2 are different from those of example 3;
compared with example 2, two groups and one group of different processes are added in comparative examples 1-3 respectively;
samples were prepared from the silicon steel sheets obtained in examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 3 and from ordinary heat-treated silicon steel sheets, and physical properties and magnetic properties were measured and the results were recorded, respectively:
wherein, the mechanical properties take yield strength, tensile strength and elongation as indexes; the magnetic performance takes the maximum iron loss and the minimum magnetic induction intensity as indexes.
From the data in the table above, it is clear that the following conclusions can be drawn:
the silicon steel sheets obtained in examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-3 are compared with the ordinary heat-treated silicon steel sheets, and the detection results show that the yield strength, the tensile strength and the minimum magnetic induction strength of the silicon steel sheets obtained in examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-3 are obviously reduced, the elongation and the maximum iron loss are obviously reduced, and the data in comparative examples 1-3 are changed more obviously than those in examples 1-3, which fully shows that the invention realizes the improvement of the physical properties and the magnetic properties of the silicon steel sheets, and the added process has a promoting effect on the improvement of the physical properties and the magnetic properties of the silicon steel sheets, has stable effect and higher practicability.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.
Claims (3)
1. A silicon steel sheet heat treatment process is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) and (3) detection: detecting the silicon steel sheet heat treatment device;
2) baking: baking the silicon steel sheet heat treatment device;
3) rust prevention: performing rust prevention on the silicon steel sheet heat treatment device;
4) and (3) heat treatment: carrying out heat treatment on the silicon steel sheet;
the step 1) comprises the following steps:
detecting a heating element and a furnace body wiring in the silicon steel sheet heat treatment device, and switching on a power supply main switch after the normality is confirmed;
then, a cooling water pipe is connected, the silicon steel sheet heat treatment device is confirmed to be in good circulation, heating is started, the water temperature of a water outlet is observed at any time in the following operation, and the water temperature of the water outlet is ensured to be 0-40 ℃;
the step 2) comprises the following steps:
keeping a furnace cover in the silicon steel sheet heat treatment device normally open, keeping the temperature for 7-9 hours at the temperature of 20-200 ℃, then heating to 200-300 ℃, keeping the temperature for 1-3 hours, finally closing the furnace cover, heating to 300-500 ℃, keeping the temperature for 7-9 hours, and finally standing for 12-24 hours;
the step 3) comprises the following steps:
coating rust preventive oil on the surfaces of a furnace container and a material rack in the silicon steel sheet heat treatment device, covering a furnace cover, screwing screws, opening an exhaust valve, heating to 830-870 ℃, preserving heat for 1-3 hours, cooling until the temperature in the furnace is reduced to 580-600 ℃, and taking out;
coating rust-proof oil on the surfaces of the furnace pipe and the material rack again, covering a furnace cover, screwing screws, opening an exhaust valve, heating to 830-870 ℃, keeping the temperature for 1-3 hours, introducing nitrogen when the temperature reaches 680-720 ℃, stopping introducing until smoke does not exist at a smoke exhaust port, cooling until the temperature in the furnace is reduced to 570-630 ℃, and taking out;
coating anti-rust oil on the surfaces of a furnace container and a material rack, covering a furnace cover, screwing screws, opening an exhaust valve, heating to 830-870 ℃, preserving heat for 1-3 hours, introducing nitrogen gas simultaneously, stopping until smoke does not exist at an exhaust port, cooling, and taking out until the temperature in the furnace is reduced to 570-630 ℃;
the step 4) comprises the following steps:
taking a silicon steel sheet to be heat-treated, putting the silicon steel sheet into a material rack according to requirements, stably hanging the silicon steel sheet into a furnace container, covering a furnace cover, electrifying, heating and preserving heat; the heating process comprises the following steps: heating to 680-750 ℃, wherein the heating rate is 3.7-5.0 ℃/min, keeping the temperature for 10 min-5 h after the temperature is reached, introducing nitrogen when the temperature in the furnace reaches 400-450 ℃, keeping a smoke exhaust valve normally open, closing the smoke exhaust valve after the constant temperature is finished, keeping the pressure at 0.01-0.06 MPa, cooling, performing air cooling when the temperature in the furnace reaches 400-500 ℃, opening the smoke exhaust valve to introduce air when the temperature is reduced to 350-380 ℃, and uncovering and taking out the furnace when the temperature is reduced to 180-210 ℃;
the step 4) is followed by a secondary heat treatment process for the silicon steel sheet:
taking a silicon steel sheet, placing the silicon steel sheet at the temperature of 250-320 ℃, preserving the heat for 7-10 days, and then cooling the silicon steel sheet to the room temperature at the cooling speed of 8-15 ℃/h.
2. A heat treatment process for silicon steel sheet according to claim 1, wherein the step 4) comprises the steps of:
taking a silicon steel sheet to be heat treated, putting the silicon steel sheet into a material rack according to requirements, stably hanging the silicon steel sheet into a furnace container, covering a furnace cover, electrifying, heating and preserving heat; the heating process comprises the following steps: heating to 680 ℃, heating at a rate of 4.2 ℃/min, keeping the temperature for 3h after the temperature is reached, introducing nitrogen when the temperature in the furnace reaches 450 ℃, keeping a smoke exhaust valve normally open, closing the smoke exhaust valve after the constant temperature is finished, keeping the pressure at 0.06MPa, cooling, performing air cooling when the temperature in the furnace reaches 500 ℃, opening the smoke exhaust valve to introduce air when the temperature is reduced to 350 ℃, and taking the furnace out after the temperature is reduced to 200 ℃.
3. The heat treatment process for silicon steel sheet according to claim 1, wherein: the step 3) is followed by a pretreatment process of the silicon steel sheet:
heating the plating solution to 820-900 ℃, immersing the silicon steel sheet in the plating solution, treating for 1-10 min, then quickly taking out, placing in an argon atmosphere, carrying out heat treatment at the temperature of 1000-1200 ℃, wherein the treatment time is 5-30 min, then sequentially polishing with 600-800 meshes, 800-1000 meshes and 1000-1400 meshes of abrasive paper, and finally placing in an air atmosphere, and treating for 30-60 min at the temperature of 480-540 ℃;
the plating solution is a silicon-copper alloy containing 4.5-8.5 wt% of silicon, and the silicon-copper alloy further contains 0.007-0.08 wt% of C, 0.24-0.60 wt% of Mn, 0.64-0.87 wt% of Sn, 0.72-1.24 wt% of Y and 0.5-0.8 wt% of Fe.
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| SE442751B (en) * | 1980-01-04 | 1986-01-27 | Kawasaki Steel Co | SET TO MAKE A CORN ORIENTED SILICONE PLATE |
| CN100513060C (en) * | 2006-05-12 | 2009-07-15 | 武汉分享科工贸有限公司 | Method for making orientation-free cold-rolled electric steel-board |
| CN100467623C (en) * | 2006-05-29 | 2009-03-11 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Process and device for coating-free electrical steel annealing and bluing |
| KR20080094342A (en) * | 2007-04-20 | 2008-10-23 | 포항공과대학교 산학협력단 | Method for manufacturing non-oriented electrical steel sheet having extremely low iron loss and high magnetic induction and electrical steel sheet |
| CN103667966B (en) * | 2013-11-28 | 2016-05-25 | 安徽银力铸造有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of high rigidity low-loss electrical sheet |
| CN104018068B (en) * | 2014-06-12 | 2017-01-11 | 国家电网公司 | Method for preparing high-magnetic-induction oriented silicon steel with thickness of 0.18mm |
| CN105803324B (en) * | 2016-04-27 | 2018-11-06 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | A kind of yield strength 450MPa grades high magnetic strength low cost cold rolled magnetic pole steel and its manufacturing method |
| CN107746941B (en) * | 2017-11-27 | 2019-03-26 | 北京科技大学 | A kind of driving motor high strength cold-rolled non-orientation silicon steel and manufacturing method |
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Denomination of invention: A heat treatment process for silicon steel sheet Effective date of registration: 20221118 Granted publication date: 20220624 Pledgee: Jiangyin branch of Agricultural Bank of China Ltd. Pledgor: JIANGYIN CENTERSKY ELECTRIC APPLIANCE Co.,Ltd. Registration number: Y2022320010697 |
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