CN112226560A - Method for reducing content of titanium nitride and/or titanium carbide in slag - Google Patents

Method for reducing content of titanium nitride and/or titanium carbide in slag Download PDF

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CN112226560A
CN112226560A CN202011099469.7A CN202011099469A CN112226560A CN 112226560 A CN112226560 A CN 112226560A CN 202011099469 A CN202011099469 A CN 202011099469A CN 112226560 A CN112226560 A CN 112226560A
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slag
titanium nitride
carbon dioxide
titanium
titanium carbide
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CN112226560B (en
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郭亚光
王云
李东波
裴忠冶
陈学刚
徐小锋
高永亮
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China ENFI Engineering Corp
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21BMANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B5/00Making pig-iron in the blast furnace
    • C21B5/04Making slag of special composition
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21BMANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B2400/00Treatment of slags originating from iron or steel processes
    • C21B2400/02Physical or chemical treatment of slags
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/20Recycling

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a method for reducing the content of titanium nitride and/or titanium carbide in slag. The method comprises the step of oxidizing the slag by adopting raw materials containing water and/or carbon dioxide to obtain a melt after reaction. The method effectively reduces the content of titanium carbide and/or titanium nitride in the slag. Compared with the method for reducing the content of the titanium carbide and/or the titanium nitride in the slag in the prior art, the method for reducing the content of the titanium carbide and/or the titanium nitride in the slag is economical and environment-friendly, avoids iron waste, reduces the cost and improves the comprehensive recovery rate of iron on the basis of reducing the content of the titanium carbide and/or the titanium nitride in the slag.

Description

Method for reducing content of titanium nitride and/or titanium carbide in slag
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of vanadium titano-magnetite slag, in particular to a method for reducing the content of titanium nitride and/or titanium carbide in slag.
Background
The vanadium titano-magnetite is widely distributed in the world, wherein the vanadium titano-magnetite in China is mainly distributed in the Panxi area of Sichuan and the Chengdu area of Hebei. With the continuous expansion of the application field of vanadium-titanium functional materials, the comprehensive utilization of vanadium-titanium magnetite is more and more emphasized by various countries, and at present, the comprehensive utilization of vanadium-titanium magnetite at home and abroad is realized by selecting different smelting and separation extraction processes mainly according to the resource characteristics of the vanadium-titanium magnetite.
At present, the smelting process of vanadium titano-magnetite comprises a blast furnace process, a prereduction-electric furnace method, a reduction-grinding method and the like, wherein the mature process is the blast furnace process, but the process is limited in that iron and partial vanadium can be only recovered, and other smelting processes have the condition of generating two high-melting-point substances of titanium carbide and titanium nitride in different degrees. After the titanium carbide and the titanium nitride are formed, if the quantity of the titanium carbide and the titanium nitride is not controlled well, serious production accidents such as foaming slag and the like are easily caused. It is therefore important to suppress the formation of these two substances or to reduce their content in the slag. Regarding the formation mechanism and the regulation and control mode of titanium carbide and titanium nitride in a blast furnace, the method of regulating system pressure, oxygen enrichment means, slag type regulation and control and the like is proposed in the doctor research paper of Dangqing of Chongqing university to inhibit the formation of carbon/titanium nitride; in the Chinese patent application with the patent application publication number of CN108998609A, preheated and pre-reduced vanadium titano-magnetite is directly blown into a HIsmelt furnace through an ore gun so as to control the percentage content of FeO in slag to be 3-15%, thereby inhibiting TiO2Reducing the content of titanium carbide and titanium nitride in the slag. At present, a large amount of common iron ore is required to be added for adjusting slag type and reducing TiO in the process of treating vanadium-titanium magnetite by using blast furnace2However, the existing method for retaining part of FeO can reduce the recovery rate of iron and the grade of titanium in slag, thereby causing the waste of iron resources and further increasing the cost.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a method for reducing the content of titanium nitride and/or titanium carbide in slag, so as to solve the problems of high cost and low iron recovery rate of reducing the content of titanium carbide and/or titanium nitride in slag in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of reducing the content of titanium nitride and/or titanium carbide in slag generated during the smelting of vanadium titano-magnetite, the method comprising: in the vanadium titano-magnetite smelting process, raw materials containing water and/or carbon dioxide are adopted to carry out oxidation treatment on the slag, and a melt after reaction is obtained.
Further, the ratio of the moles of the water and/or the carbon dioxide to the moles of the titanium carbide and/or the titanium nitride in the slag is 2:1 to 6: 1.
Further, the ratio of the moles of water and/or carbon dioxide to the moles of titanium carbide and/or titanium nitride is 4:1 to 6: 1.
Further, the above raw material is injected into the slag to effect the oxidation treatment, and preferably, the raw material is injected into the middle upper portion of the slag.
Further, the injection is carried out by adopting a top blowing or side blowing mode.
Further, the raw materials are smelting flue gas, and preferably the smelting flue gas is flue gas generated in the vanadium titano-magnetite smelting process.
Further, the raw material is water and/or carbon dioxide.
Further, a slag former is added in the above vanadium titano-magnetite smelting process, preferably the slag former comprises limestone which is decomposed into calcium oxide and carbon dioxide as at least part of carbon dioxide for oxidizing the slag during the vanadium titano-magnetite smelting.
Further, the limestone is limestone powder or limestone blocks.
Further, CO and/or H are generated during the above-mentioned oxidation treatment2Introduction of CO and/or H2The method is used as fuel gas or reducing agent in the vanadium titano-magnetite smelting process.
By applying the technical scheme, the raw materials containing water and/or carbon dioxide and titanium carbide and/or titanium nitride in the slag generated in the vanadium titano-magnetite smelting process are subjected to oxidation treatment, so that the content of the titanium carbide and/or titanium nitride in the slag is reduced. Compared with the method for reducing the content of the titanium carbide and/or the titanium nitride in the slag in the prior art, the method for reducing the content of the titanium carbide and/or the titanium nitride in the slag is economical and environment-friendly, avoids iron waste, reduces the cost and improves the comprehensive recovery rate of iron on the basis of reducing the content of the titanium carbide and/or the titanium nitride in the slag. Since the oxidation treatment is performed during the melting process, the temperature of the oxidation treatment is the temperature of the slag. Actually, the temperature of the slag is generally in the range of 1350-1650 ℃, and according to the Gibbs free energy of six reactions shown in the following formulas 1-6, the reaction of titanium carbide and/or titanium nitride with water and/or carbon dioxide is more favorable at the temperature of 1350-1650 ℃ and the reaction of water and/or carbon dioxide with iron is not favorable, so that the content of titanium carbide and/or titanium nitride in the slag can be reduced to the maximum extent, and unnecessary loss of iron can be reduced as much as possible. The specific temperature of the slag may fluctuate within the temperature range of 1350-1650 ℃, and is not described herein. Therefore, the temperature of the molten slag is directly utilized in the oxidation treatment process, and additional heating is not needed, so that the energy consumption is reduced, and the method is further simple and easy for industrial production.
Moreover, the slag is treated in the smelting process, so that the content of titanium carbide and/or titanium nitride in the slag is reduced, the problem that the viscosity of the slag is high due to the existence of the titanium carbide and/or the titanium nitride in the slag is effectively solved, and the problem that the slag accumulated along with smelting is easy to separate from molten iron on one hand and the problem that the slag is easy to cause production accidents of foamed slag on the other hand are avoided.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict. The present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples.
As analyzed by the background art, the problems of high cost and low iron recovery rate of reducing the content of titanium carbide and/or titanium nitride in slag exist in the prior art, and in order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a method for reducing the content of titanium nitride and/or titanium carbide in slag.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present application, there is provided a method of reducing the content of titanium nitride and/or titanium carbide in slag produced during the smelting of vanadium titano-magnetite, the method comprising: in the vanadium titano-magnetite smelting process, raw materials containing water and/or carbon dioxide are adopted to carry out oxidation treatment on the slag, and a melt after reaction is obtained.
According to the invention, the raw materials containing water and/or carbon dioxide and titanium carbide and/or titanium nitride in the slag generated in the vanadium titano-magnetite smelting process are subjected to oxidation treatment, so that the content of the titanium carbide and/or titanium nitride in the slag is reduced. Compared with the method for reducing the content of the titanium carbide and/or the titanium nitride in the slag in the prior art, the method for reducing the content of the titanium carbide and/or the titanium nitride in the slag is economical and environment-friendly, avoids iron waste, reduces the cost and improves the comprehensive recovery rate of iron on the basis of reducing the content of the titanium carbide and/or the titanium nitride in the slag. Since the oxidation treatment is performed during the melting process, the temperature of the oxidation treatment is the temperature of the slag. Actually, the temperature of the slag is generally in the range of 1350-1650 ℃, and according to the Gibbs free energy of six reactions shown in the following formulas 1-6, the reaction of titanium carbide and/or titanium nitride with water and/or carbon dioxide is more favorable at the temperature of 1350-1650 ℃ and the reaction of water and/or carbon dioxide with iron is not favorable, so that the content of titanium carbide and/or titanium nitride in the slag can be reduced to the maximum extent, and unnecessary loss of iron can be reduced as much as possible. The specific temperature of the slag may fluctuate within the temperature range of 1350-1650 ℃, and is not described herein. Therefore, the temperature of the molten slag is directly utilized in the oxidation treatment process, and additional heating is not needed, so that the energy consumption is reduced, and the method is further simple and easy for industrial production.
Moreover, the slag is treated in the smelting process, so that the content of titanium carbide and/or titanium nitride in the slag is reduced, the problem that the viscosity of the slag is high due to the existence of the titanium carbide and/or the titanium nitride in the slag is effectively solved, and the problem that the slag accumulated along with smelting is easy to separate from molten iron on one hand and the problem that the slag is easy to cause production accidents of foamed slag on the other hand are avoided.
The water or carbon dioxide in the raw material containing water and/or carbon dioxide mainly undergoes the following redox reactions (formulas 1 to 6) in the slag:
CO2(g)+1/3TiC=4/3CO(g)+1/3TiO2(formula 1)
CO2(g)+1/2TiN=CO(g)+1/2TiO2+1/4N2(g) (formula 2)
H2O(g)+1/2TiN=H2(g)+1/2TiO2+1/4N2(g) (formula 3)
H2O(g)+1/3TiC=H2(g)+1/3TiO2+1/3CO (g) (formula 4)
H2O(g)+Fe=H2(g) + FeO (formula 5)
CO2(g) + Fe ═ CO (g) + FeO (formula 6)
According to the reactions represented by the above formulae 1 to 6, it is found that the amount of water and/or carbon dioxide required for titanium nitride in an equivalent amount is larger than the amount of water and/or carbon dioxide required for titanium carbide in an equivalent amount, and in order to reduce the content of titanium carbide and/or titanium nitride in the slag as much as possible, the ratio of the mole of water and/or carbon dioxide to the mole of titanium carbide and/or titanium nitride in the slag is preferably 2:1 to 6: 1. The content of titanium carbide and/or titanium nitride in the slag can be determined according to relevant empirical values. Different smelting plants, different smelting scales and different smelting processes have different contents of titanium carbide and/or titanium nitride in molten slag, and a person skilled in the art can determine the addition amount of water and/or carbon dioxide according to the specific content of titanium carbide and/or titanium nitride in the molten slag generated in the smelting process and the ratio of the mole of the water and/or carbon dioxide to the mole of the titanium carbide and/or titanium nitride in the molten slag of 2: 1-6: 1, which is not described herein again.
In order to avoid waste of water and/or carbon dioxide as much as possible on the basis of reducing the content of titanium carbide and/or titanium nitride, the ratio of the moles of water and/or carbon dioxide to the moles of titanium carbide and/or titanium nitride is preferably 4:1 to 6: 1.
The sources of water and carbon dioxide used in the present application are various, and pure water vapor or compressed carbon dioxide, or tail gas or flue gas rich in water vapor and/or carbon dioxide produced by other processes can be used.
In one embodiment of the application, the oxidation treatment is carried out by injecting the raw material into the slag, preferably into the middle upper part of the slag.
The oxidation treatment of the slag by means of a raw material comprising water and/or carbon dioxide is advantageous for promoting the sedimentation stratification of the slag on the one hand and for avoiding the risk of forming foamy slag on the other hand. Wherein the raw material is preferably injected into the middle upper portion of the slag, so that it is possible to prevent the stirring force of the raw material from being excessive, thereby causing a portion of the iron sinking into the molten iron to be returned into the slag again.
In order to mix the raw material containing water and/or carbon dioxide with the slag as uniformly as possible and disperse the raw material in the slag, thereby improving the efficiency of removing titanium carbide and/or titanium nitride, the raw material is preferably injected by top blowing or side blowing.
In one embodiment of the present application, the raw material is smelting flue gas, and preferably the smelting flue gas is flue gas generated in a vanadium titano-magnetite smelting process.
The flue gas generated in smelting is used as a source of water and/or carbon dioxide containing raw materials, so that the waste (flue gas) is changed into valuable while titanium carbide and/or titanium nitride in the molten slag is effectively reduced, and the whole vanadium-titanium magnetite smelting process is economic and environment-friendly.
In order to increase the concentration of water and/or carbon dioxide in contact with titanium carbide and/or titanium nitride and thereby increase the efficiency of the oxidation treatment, it is preferable that the raw material is water and/or carbon dioxide.
In one embodiment of the present application, a slag former is added during the above-mentioned vanadium titano-magnetite smelting process, preferably the slag former comprises limestone, which decomposes into calcium oxide and carbon dioxide during the vanadium titano-magnetite smelting, the carbon dioxide being at least part of the carbon dioxide that oxidizes the slag.
When limestone is used as a slagging agent, the limestone is decomposed into calcium oxide and carbon dioxide at high temperature, wherein the calcium oxide can be used as the slagging agent, and the carbon dioxide is used as a source of oxidation gas in the oxidation treatment process.
In order to further improve the efficiency of the decomposition of the limestone to generate carbon dioxide, the limestone is preferably limestone powder or limestone blocks. Further preference is given to limestone powder.
In one embodiment of the present application, the oxidation treatment produces CO and/or H2Introduction of CO and/or H2Used as fuel gas or reducing agent in smelting. Thereby further improving the economy of the whole vanadium titano-magnetite smelting process.
The following description will explain advantageous effects of the present application with reference to specific examples.
Smelting the vanadium titano-magnetite in a molten pool at the temperature of 1580 ℃ to obtain molten metal solution containing slag and molten iron, wherein the mass content of carbon dioxide and the mass content of water in the smelting flue gas generated in the process are respectively 30% and 5% after secondary combustion. The mass content of titanium carbide and titanium nitride in the slag is 0.80% and 0.26%.
Example 1
Aiming at the slag, the following oxidation process is adopted for treatment: spraying the smelting flue gas of the vanadium titano-magnetite into the molten slag in a top blowing mode for oxidation treatment to obtain a melt after reaction, CO and H2Wherein the ratio of the moles of water and/or carbon dioxide in the smelting flue gas to the moles of titanium carbide and/or titanium nitride in the slag is 2: 1. CO and H produced2The method can be used as a reducing agent or fuel in the melting process of a molten pool, and the method avoids the formation of foam slag and enables the melting process to be smoothly carried out.
Example 2
Example 2 differs from example 1 in that,
the ratio of the mol of water and/or carbon dioxide in the smelting flue gas to the mol of titanium carbide and/or titanium nitride in the slag is 3:1, and finally the melt after reaction, CO and H are obtained2The formation of foam slag is avoided, and the smelting process is smoothly carried out.
Example 3
Example 3 differs from example 1 in that,
the ratio of the mol of water and/or carbon dioxide in the smelting flue gas to the mol of titanium carbide and/or titanium nitride in the slag is 4:1, and finally the melt after reaction, CO and H are obtained2The formation of foam slag is avoided, and the smelting process is smoothly carried out.
Example 4
Example 4 differs from example 1 in that,
the ratio of the mol of water and/or carbon dioxide in the smelting flue gas to the mol of titanium carbide and/or titanium nitride in the slag is 6:1, and finally the melt after reaction, CO and H are obtained2The formation of foam slag is avoided, and the smelting process is smoothly carried out.
Example 5
Example 5 differs from example 1 in that,
the ratio of the mol of water and/or carbon dioxide in the smelting flue gas to the mol of titanium carbide and/or titanium nitride in the slag is 1:1, and finally the melt after reaction, CO and H are obtained2The formation of foam slag is avoided, and the smelting process is smoothly carried out.
Example 6
The difference between the embodiment 6 and the embodiment 1 is that 35200g of limestone powder is adopted to replace smelting flue gas to be sprayed into molten slag, and finally melt and CO after reaction are obtained, so that the formation of foam slag is avoided, and the smelting process is smoothly carried out.
Example 7
Example 7 differs from example 1 in that water and/or carbon dioxide are used instead of water and/or carbon dioxide in the flue gas, resulting in a reacted melt and CO and H2The formation of foam slag is avoided, and the smelting process is smoothly carried out.
Example 8
Example 8 differs from example 1 in that the side-blown method is used to inject the smelting fumes into the above-mentioned slag to react, and finally the reacted melt and CO and H are obtained2The formation of foam slag is avoided, and the smelting process is smoothly carried out.
The contents of each of titanium carbide and titanium nitride in the melt after the reaction in the above examples 1 to 8 were measured by chemical analysis, and the results thereof are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
Examples Titanium carbide (%) Titanium nitride (%)
Example 1 0.10 0.05
Example 2 0.08 0.03
Example 3 0.05 0.02
Example 4 0.03 0.002
Example 5 0.18 0.1
Example 6 0.10 0.05
Example 7 0.06 0.02
Example 8 0.11 0.04
From the above description, it can be seen that the above-described embodiments of the present invention achieve the following technical effects:
according to the invention, the raw materials containing water and/or carbon dioxide and titanium carbide and/or titanium nitride in the slag generated in the vanadium titano-magnetite smelting process are subjected to oxidation treatment, so that the content of the titanium carbide and/or titanium nitride in the slag is reduced. Compared with the method for reducing the content of the titanium carbide and/or the titanium nitride in the slag in the prior art, the method for reducing the content of the titanium carbide and/or the titanium nitride in the slag is economical and environment-friendly, avoids iron waste, reduces the cost and improves the comprehensive recovery rate of iron on the basis of reducing the content of the titanium carbide and/or the titanium nitride in the slag. Since the oxidation treatment is performed during the melting process, the temperature of the oxidation treatment is the temperature of the slag. Actually, the temperature of the slag is generally in the range of 1350-1650 ℃, and according to the Gibbs free energy of six reactions shown in the following formulas 1-6, the reaction of titanium carbide and/or titanium nitride with water and/or carbon dioxide is more favorable at the temperature of 1350-1650 ℃ and the reaction of water and/or carbon dioxide with iron is not favorable, so that the content of titanium carbide and/or titanium nitride in the slag can be reduced to the maximum extent, and unnecessary loss of iron can be reduced as much as possible. The specific temperature of the slag may fluctuate within the temperature range of 1350-1650 ℃, and is not described herein. Therefore, the temperature of the molten slag is directly utilized in the oxidation treatment process, and additional heating is not needed, so that the energy consumption is reduced, and the method is further simple and easy for industrial production.
Moreover, the slag is treated in the smelting process, so that the content of titanium carbide and/or titanium nitride in the slag is reduced, the problem that the viscosity of the slag is high due to the existence of the titanium carbide and/or the titanium nitride in the slag is effectively solved, and the problem that the slag accumulated along with smelting is easy to separate from molten iron on one hand and the problem that the slag is easy to cause production accidents of foamed slag on the other hand are avoided.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A method of reducing the content of titanium nitride and/or titanium carbide in a slag produced during the smelting of vanadium titano-magnetite, the method comprising:
in the vanadium titano-magnetite smelting process, raw materials containing water and/or carbon dioxide are adopted to carry out oxidation treatment on the molten slag, and a melt after reaction is obtained.
2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the ratio between the moles of water and/or carbon dioxide and the moles of titanium carbide and/or titanium nitride in the slag is between 2:1 and 6: 1.
3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that the ratio between the moles of water and/or carbon dioxide and the moles of titanium carbide and/or titanium nitride is comprised between 4:1 and 6: 1.
4. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the oxidizing treatment is effected by injecting the raw material into the slag, preferably into an upper middle portion of the slag.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the injecting is performed by top blowing or side blowing.
6. The method according to claim 4, wherein the raw material is smelting flue gas, preferably the smelting flue gas is flue gas generated in the vanadium titano-magnetite smelting process.
7. The method of claim 4, wherein the feedstock is water and/or carbon dioxide.
8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that a slag former is added during the vanadium titano-magnetite smelting process, preferably the slag former comprises limestone, which decomposes upon smelting of the vanadium titano-magnetite into calcium oxide and carbon dioxide as at least part of the carbon dioxide for the oxidation treatment of the slag.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein the limestone is limestone powder or limestone blocks.
10. The method of claim 1, wherein CO and/or H are produced during the oxidation treatment2Introducing said CO and/or H2The vanadium titano-magnetite is used as fuel gas or reducing agent in the smelting process of the vanadium titano-magnetite.
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