CN108330238A - A method of utilizing the smelting vanadium-titanium magnetite by blast furnace of superelevation oxygen-enriched air blast - Google Patents
A method of utilizing the smelting vanadium-titanium magnetite by blast furnace of superelevation oxygen-enriched air blast Download PDFInfo
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- C21B5/00—Making pig-iron in the blast furnace
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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Abstract
The present invention relates to v-bearing titanomagnetite smelting technical fields, provide a kind of method of the smelting vanadium-titanium magnetite by blast furnace using superelevation oxygen-enriched air blast, oxygen content in blast-furnace hot-air is increased to 26 ~ 41% levels, corresponding air blast oxygen enrichment percentage is 5 ~ 20%, combustion rate of the raising coal dust in inlet front end;Promote gas reduction gesture;Optimize reduction, soft heat, drippage and slagging process of the vanadium titano-magnetite inside blast furnace, improves blast furnace permeability, ensure the stable smooth operation of blast fumance;Solve the problems, such as during blast furnace technology smelts vanadium titano-magnetite the coal that faces than low, high energy consumption, clinker is sticky, poor air permeability and strengthening smelting are difficult.The present invention is used into blast-furnace hot-air additionally with addition of high-concentration oxygen, is improved the oxygen content in hot wind, can be improved coal ejection ratio, reduce coke ratio, reduce blast furnace ironmaking energy consumption, improve rate of driving, stablize blast fumance, reduces vanadium titano-magnetite blast furnace process cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to v-bearing titanomagnetite smelting technical field, more particularly to a kind of blast furnace smelting using superelevation oxygen-enriched air blast
The method for refining vanadium titano-magnetite.
Background technology
During smelting vanadium-titanium magnetite by blast furnace, when the proportioning increase of vanadium titano-magnetite makes TiO2 contents raising in clinker
Easily there is clinker thickening, blast furnace permeability is deteriorated, and coal ratio is difficult to improve, and energy consumption is high, and intensification of smelting process in BF is difficult to realize.
To find out its cause, Performance of Slag is deteriorated, the raising of blast furnace pressure difference mainly crosses reduction with titanium oxide in slag and generates high-melting-point object phase carbon
Titanium nitride is related.Under normal conditions, iron loss can be reduced by reducing titanium oxide content in slag with addition of the common mine in part, but in common mine
It is unfavorable with reduction pig iron cost is compared that common mine is improved in the case of valence is higher, and can influence vanadium extraction by converter blowing with addition of common mine, no
Conducive to the comprehensive utilization of schreyerite.From actual production angle, inhibit titanium oxide in slag by adjusting operating parameter
Reduction is crossed to reduce the generation of titanium carbonitride, improves blast furnace permeability, rate of driving is promoted, for traditional blast furnace ironmaking flow
Economical and efficient smelts vanadium titano-magnetite and is of great significance.
It is existing smelt vanadium titano-magnetite blast furnace air is not oxygen-enriched or low oxygen enrichment percentage, it is nitrogen to have 75 ~ 79% in air blast,
So that for CO+H2 contents less than 40%, the coal gas of low reduction potential is unfavorable for vanadium titano-magnetite in shaft, furnace bosh in blast-furnace shaft coal gas
The quick reduction in region, ore indirect reduction is underdeveloped, causes in high-temperature area furnace charge that there are a large amount of FeO.FeO is in high temperature
Region direct-reduction needs to consume a large amount of C, causes coke melting loss amount big, and elevated temperature strength reduces, and influences the gas permeability of furnace charge simultaneously
Also blast furnace coke ratio is made to increase;The presence of high FeO first slags makes the softening of furnace charge, melting drippage temperature reduce, and makes blast furnace melting with soft
Thickness increases, and furnace charge air permeability is caused to be deteriorated, and pressure difference increases, and is unfavorable for improving smelting strength of blast furnace.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is exactly to have overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a kind of blast furnace smelting using superelevation oxygen-enriched air blast
The method for refining vanadium titano-magnetite is contained under the premise of not doing big change to current high furnace main body using the oxygen improved in air blast
Amount, raising coal ejection ratio, reduces coke ratio, reduces ton iron gas volume, improves permeability of stock column, and energy consumption, reinforcing vanadium are reduced to reach
The purpose of titanomagnetite rate of driving, solve blast furnace technology smelt during vanadium titano-magnetite the coal that faces than low, high energy consumption,
Clinker is sticky, poor air permeability and strengthening smelting difficulty problem.
A kind of method of smelting vanadium-titanium magnetite by blast furnace using superelevation oxygen-enriched air blast of the invention, including:It is super using blast furnace
High oxygen-enriched air blast improves coal ejection ratio;Promote gas reduction gesture;Tuyere Raceway is adjusted by controlling coal ejection ratio and blast humidity
Ignition temperature;This method can promote vanadium titano-magnetite indirect reduction, improve ore melt-dropping property, inhibit T in slag ironiN/TiC's
It generates, reduces ton iron gas volume, improves blast furnace permeability;
Further, the raising coal ejection ratio, specially:, additionally with addition of high-concentration oxygen, make hot wind using into blast-furnace hot-air
Oxygen enrichment percentage reaches 5 ~ 20%, promotes coal dust in Tuyere Raceway efficient burning using high-concentration oxygen, improves combustion of the coal dust in stove
Burn efficiency and utilization rate, smelting vanadium-titanium magnetite by blast furnace Coal Injection Amount into BF by 100 current ~ 130kg/tHM, increase to 140 ~
250kg/tHM, while coke ratio is reduced to 300 ~ 400kg/tHM.
Further, the promotion gas reduction gesture, specially:CO+H in blast furnace gas2Content increases to 45 ~ 65%, N2
Content is reduced to 35 ~ 55%(Compared to CO+H2 contents in more traditional not oxygen-enriched hot air blast furnace air outlet raceway zone coal gas 35 ~
40%, N2 content are after 60 ~ 65%, the oxygen-enriched operation of superelevation, and gas reduction gesture is promoted apparent in stove);
Further, the vanadium titano-magnetite is vanadium-titanium magnitite sinter, pellet or lump ore;Blast furnace ironmaking is mainly with energy medium
Coke, coal dust and oxygen;Ton iron coal injection amount is 140 ~ 230kg/tHM, and coke dosage is 310~390kg/tHM, consumes oxygen
Tolerance is 50 ~ 140m3/tHM.
Further, air blast oxygen feed postition is:
When oxygen enrichment percentage is less than 10%, cold air duct is added in normal temperature high voltage oxygen after decompression, then enters height after hot wind stove heat
Stove;
When oxygen enrichment percentage is more than 10%, for guarantee oxygen safety, more than 10% oxygen enrichment percentage amount of oxygen through air port belly pipe by oxygen coal
Rifle injection enters blast furnace.
Further, the pressure of the normal temperature high voltage oxygen is 1.6MP, is 0.6MP after decompression.
Further, the control of the ton iron coal injection amount is specially:
When oxygen enrichment percentage≤10%, coal injection is directly blown through air port belly pipe into In Raceway Before Tuyere of Blast Furnace by coal rifle to burn, spray
Coal is than control in 140 ~ 170kg/tHM;
When oxygen enrichment percentage > 10%, coal injection is blown by oxygen coal gun, and coal ejection ratio is controlled in 170 ~ 230kg/tHM.
Further, the ignition temperature of the adjustment Tuyere Raceway, specially:Pass through regulation and control under the conditions of different oxygen-enriched rate
Coal ejection ratio and blast humidity are regulated and controled, adjusted with coal ejection ratio based on, supplemented by blast humidity adjustment;To ensure coal injection in wind
The efficient burning of mouthful raceway zone under the conditions of same oxygen enrichment percentage, maintains constant blast humidity, Tuyere Raceway Theoretical combustion to stablize
In 2200 ~ 2300 DEG C of ranges.
Further, the blast humidity adjustment, specially:Vapor is added on cold air duct and carries out air blast humidification amount
Control, blast humidity is adjusted according to the working of a furnace under the conditions of different oxygen-enriched rate, and blast humidity is kept under the conditions of same oxygen enrichment percentage
It is constant, enter stove blast humidity level to stablize, simultaneously adjust automatically humidification amount is big using automatic humidity detector detection blast humidity
It is small.
Further, blast furnace gas carries out hot wind through dust pelletizing system purified treatment, a part of blast furnace coal pneumatic transmission to hot-blast stove
Stove combustion heating, residual gas are incorporated to gaspipe network and send to power plant power generation.Calorific value of gas increases after oxygen-enriched air blast, ton iron institute
Required airflow is reduced, and the gas volume for the consumption of hot wind stove heat is reduced, and gas volume and calorific value of gas of the output for power generation increase,
Blast furnace process ton iron generated energy increases.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1, superelevation oxygen-enriched air blast promotes the conflagration of coal dust using high concentration oxygen, can improve coal dust in In Raceway Before Tuyere of Blast Furnace
Efficiency of combustion, utilization rate of the coal dust in stove can be improved, be conducive to promote coal ejection ratio, play with coal dust substitute for coke, drop
The purpose of low fuel cost;
2, the ton iron blow rate required is reduced, and is smelted ton iron gas flowrate in bosh and is reduced, and coal gas hinders damage by blast furnace stock column and reduces, blast furnace pressure difference
Relationship is improved, and the reinforcing for smelting vanadium titano-magnetite blast furnace process is conducive to;
3, CO and H in coal gas2Partial pressure is higher, promotes the indirect reduction of schreyerite, improves the high temperature melt-dropping property of ore,
Melting loss amount is reduced caused by cohesive zone position moves down, and soft heat tape thickness is thinning, while coke is reduced directly, and ensure that the height of coke
Warm intensity improves the ventilative liquid permeability of bottom house;
4, superelevation oxygen-enriched air blast smelting strength of blast furnace increases, and furnace charge is reduced in residing time in furnace, while CO and H in coal gas2Point
Pressure, which increases, inhibits the alloying elements such as Si, Ti, K, Na in cupola well to restore, and reduces the production quantity of TiN/TiC, improves clinker stream
Dynamic performance, reduces its harm to blast furnace process;
5, superelevation oxygen-enriched air blast blast fumance efficiency increases substantially, and technical-economic index is improved, and blast furnace ironmaking process obtains
To optimization, efficiency improves, and the capacity factor of a blast furnace improves 25% or more.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 show superelevation oxygen-enriched air blast smelting vanadium-titanium magnetite by blast furnace flow diagram of the embodiment of the present invention(Oxygen enrichment percentage
≤10%).
Fig. 2 show superelevation oxygen-enriched air blast smelting vanadium-titanium magnetite by blast furnace flow diagram of the embodiment of the present invention(Oxygen enrichment percentage
> 10%).
Specific implementation mode
The specific embodiment of the invention is described in detail below in conjunction with specific attached drawing.It should be noted that in following embodiments
The combination of the technical characteristic or technical characteristic of description is not construed as isolated, they can be combined with each other to reach
To superior technique effect.In the attached drawing of following embodiments, identical label that each attached drawing occurs represent identical feature or
Person's component can be applied in different embodiments.
The principle of the present invention is as follows:Oxygen content in blast-furnace hot-air is increased to 26 ~ 41% levels, corresponding air blast oxygen enrichment percentage
Be 5 ~ 20%, can be improved coal dust inlet front end combustion rate;Gas reduction gesture is promoted, CO+H in blast furnace gas2Content increases to
45 ~ 65%, N2Content is reduced to 35 ~ 55%, compared to CO+H2 in more traditional not oxygen-enriched hot air blast furnace air outlet raceway zone coal gas
Content is in 35 ~ 40%, N2 contents after 60 ~ 65%, the oxygen-enriched operation of superelevation, and gas reduction gesture is promoted apparent in stove;Gas reduction
The promotion of gesture promotes CO and H2 in coal gas to be reacted with the gas-solid indirect reduction of vanadium titano-magnetite, reduces blast furnace Direct reduction degree, into
And reduce blast furnace process energy consumption;The increase of the indirect reduction of vanadium titano-magnetite can reduce vanadium titano-magnetite in 1200 ~ 1400 DEG C of temperature
FeO contents in section are spent, ore melt starting temperature and drippage temperature is improved, reduces the melting zone temperature of schreyerite, it is maximum
Pressure difference reduces, and improves its melt-dropping property;Meanwhile N2 contents are reduced in coal gas, CO+H2 contents increase, and thermodynamically inhibit TiN/
The generation of TiC;Promote schreyerite reduction, the schreyerite duration of heat to shorten, kinetically also reduces the yield of TiN/TiC;
N2 contents are reduced in coal gas, and Tuyere Raceway fuel combustion generates gas volume and reduces, and improve coal gas permeability, reduce smelting process
Blast furnace pressure difference provides condition for strengthening smelting.
Embodiment 1
Air blast oxygen enrichment percentage is 5%:In certain 2000m3Blast furnace on use 80% vanadium-titanium magnitite sinter, 15% vanadium-titanium pellet and 10%
Lump ore is as feed stock for blast furnace;Blast furnace is added by blast furnace roof material distributing equipment in coke, ore;Oxygen is straight by cold air duct before air blower
It connects and is blended into, blast furnace is blasted after heated stove heat;Coal injection enters blast furnace through coal rifle by belly pipe injection;Slag iron passes through iron mouth
Blast furnace is discharged;Stock gas uses hot-blast stove by drying, dedusting rear portion and carries out combustion heating, and remainder carries out outer supply
Power generation;Flow is as shown in Figure 1, its production and technical indication is as follows:
Oxygen consumption:51m3/tHM;
Coke ratio:390kg/tHM;
Coal ratio:137kg/tHM;
Blast humidity:3.5%;
The blow rate required:1024.1 m3/tHM;
Bosh gas composition: CO:40.5 %, H2:6.3%, N2:53.2%;
Gas flowrate in bosh:1378.7 m3/tHM;
Furnace top underlining:62.7;
Theoretical temperature combustion:2170℃;
Stock gas composition(It is dry):CO:24.8%, H2:3.5%, CO2:23.4%, N2:48.3%.;
Furnace top coal quantity:1520.1m3/tHM;
Usage factor:2.32t/( m3D), usage factor improves 18%.
Embodiment 2
Air blast oxygen enrichment percentage is 10%:For implementation steps such as implementation column 1, production and technical indication is as follows:
Oxygen consumption:88m3/tHM;
Coke ratio:360kg/tHM;
Coal ratio:169kg/tHM;
Blast humidity:4.8%;
The blow rate required:880.1 m3/tHM;
Bosh gas composition: CO:45.5 %, H2:8.4%, N2:46.1%;
Gas flowrate in bosh:1258.51 m3/tHM;
Furnace top underlining:63.17;
Theoretical temperature combustion:2218℃;
Stock gas composition(It is dry):CO:26.8%, H2:4.6%, CO2:26.3%, N2:42.2%;
Furnace top coal quantity:1376.5m3/tHM;
Usage factor:2.56t/( m3D), usage factor improves 30%.
Embodiment 3
Air blast oxygen enrichment percentage is 15%:In certain 1000m3Blast furnace on using 80% vanadium-titanium magnitite sinter, 15% vanadium-titanium pellet and 10%
Lump ore as feed stock for blast furnace, coke, ore have blast furnace roof material distributing equipment be added blast furnace;The amount of oxygen of oxygen enrichment percentage 10% is by rousing
Cold air duct is directly blended into before wind turbine, and blast furnace is blasted after heated stove heat, and the oxygen enrichment percentage of residue 5% is roused by oxygen coal gun equipment
Enter blast furnace;Coal injection enters blast furnace by oxygen coal gun through belly pipe injection;Slag iron excludes blast furnace by iron mouth;Stock gas passes through
Drying, dedusting rear portion uses hot-blast stove and carries out combustion heating, and remainder carries out outer for power generation;Flow as shown in Fig. 2, its
Production and technical indication is as follows:
Oxygen consumption:113.3m3/ tHM, wherein the amount of oxygen Jing Guo hot wind stove heat is 78.1 m3/ tHM, by oxygen coal gun
Amount of oxygen be 35.2 m3/tHM;
Oxygen consumption:51m3/tHM;
Coke ratio:340kg/tHM;
Coal ratio:193kg/tHM;
Blast humidity:6.5%;
The blow rate required:781.4 m3/tHM;
Bosh gas composition: CO:49.9 %, H2:10.4%, N2:39.7%;
Gas flowrate in bosh:1182.4 m3/tHM;
Furnace top underlining:62.8;
Theoretical temperature combustion:2244℃;
Stock gas composition(It is dry):CO:28.7%, H2:5.7%, CO2:28.8%, N2:36.8%;
Furnace top coal quantity:1279.1m3/tHM;
Usage factor:2.71t/( m3D), usage factor improves 37%.
Embodiment 4
Air blast oxygen enrichment percentage is 20%:For implementation steps such as implementation column 3, difference is the oxygen-enriched increase by oxygen coal gun, and 10% is rich
Blast furnace is added by oxygen coal gun in the amount of oxygen of oxygen rate, and production and technical indication is as follows:
Oxygen consumption:134.8m3/tHM, wherein the amount of oxygen Jing Guo hot wind stove heat is 70.9 m3/tHM, by oxygen coal gun
Amount of oxygen be 63.9 m3/tHM;
Oxygen consumption:51m3/tHM;
Coke ratio:310kg/tHM;
Coal ratio:228kg/tHM;
Blast humidity:8.3%;
The blow rate required:709.5 m3/tHM;
Bosh gas composition: CO:53.4 %, H2:12.7%, N2:33.9%;
Gas flowrate in bosh:1138.2 m3/tHM;
Furnace top underlining:62.7;
Theoretical temperature combustion:2219℃;
Stock gas composition(It is dry):CO:30.3%, H2:7.0%, CO2:308%, N2:32.0%;
Furnace top coal quantity:1210.7m3/tHM;
Usage factor:2.81t/ (m3d), usage factor improve 43%.
After the present invention uses superelevation oxygen-enriched air blast, high oxygen concentration promotes coal dust in the conflagration of inlet front end, carries
The reduction potential of high coal gas promotes furnace charge indirect reduction, reduces Direct reduction degree, optimizes the soft melting dropping performance of furnace charge, drop simultaneously
Low ton iron gas volume has positive effect to improving the gas permeability of furnace charge and improving rate of driving.Using side of the present invention
Method, which smelts vanadium titano-magnetite, has the characteristics that coal ejection ratio is high, low energy consumption, rate of driving is high.
Superelevation oxygen-enriched air blast smelting vanadium-titanium magnetite by blast furnace method of the present invention, does not change existing blast furnace ontology,
When oxygen enrichment percentage≤10%, by optimizing blast furnace process control parameter, by adjusting oxygen enrichment percentage, coal ejection ratio and blast humidity, wind is controlled
Mouth race way theoretical temperature combustion improves blast furnace pressure difference relationship by adjusting blow rate required adjusting and optimizing smelting strength of blast furnace, promotes
Furnace condition anterograde achievees the purpose that improve coal ejection ratio, reduces fuel consumption, promotes rate of driving and reduce production cost.Oxygen enrichment percentage
When more than 10%, the amount of oxygen more than oxygen enrichment percentage 10% enters blast furnace by oxygen coal gun, regulates and controls wind in Optimized Coal Blending ratio, blast humidity
It needs to adjust by upper blast furnace cloth while mouth front end theoretical temperature combustion, controls the distribution of Gas Flow in stove.Oxygen enrichment percentage
When more than 20%, blast furnace ironmaking process gas volume is greatly lowered, and causes blast furnace ironmaking process Tuyere Raceway theoretical temperature combustion
Excessively high, coal gas is carried to the shortage of heat of upper blast furnace, causes " upper cold and lower heat " problem in blast furnace ironmaking process.The present invention is suitable
For oxygen enrichment percentage in the 20% oxygen-enriched smelting vanadium-titanium magnetite by blast furnace iron-smelting process of superelevation below.
Although having been presented for several embodiments of the present invention herein, it will be appreciated by those of skill in the art that
Without departing from the spirit of the invention, the embodiments herein can be changed.Above-described embodiment is only exemplary, no
It should be using the embodiments herein as the restriction of interest field of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of method of smelting vanadium-titanium magnetite by blast furnace using superelevation oxygen-enriched air blast, which is characterized in that this method includes:Profit
Coal ejection ratio is improved with blast furnace superelevation oxygen-enriched air blast;Promote gas reduction gesture;Wind is adjusted by controlling coal ejection ratio and blast humidity
The ignition temperature of mouth raceway zone;This method can promote vanadium titano-magnetite indirect reduction, improve ore melt-dropping property, inhibit in slag iron
TiN/TiThe generation of C reduces ton iron gas volume, improves blast furnace permeability.
2. the method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the raising coal ejection ratio, specially:Using into blast-furnace hot-air
Additionally with addition of high-concentration oxygen, hot wind oxygen enrichment percentage is made to reach 5 ~ 20%, promotes coal dust in Tuyere Raceway height using high-concentration oxygen
Effect burning improves efficiency of combustion and utilization rate of the coal dust in stove, and smelting vanadium-titanium magnetite by blast furnace Coal Injection Amount into BF is by current
100 ~ 130kg/tHM increases to 140 ~ 250kg/tHM, while reducing coke ratio to 300 ~ 400kg/tHM.
3. the method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the promotion gas reduction gesture, specially:CO in blast furnace gas
+H2Content increases to 45 ~ 65%, N2Content is reduced to 35 ~ 55%.
4. method as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that the vanadium titano-magnetite is vanadium-titanium magnitite sinter, pellet or block
Mine;Blast furnace ironmaking is mainly coke, coal dust and oxygen with energy medium;Ton iron coal injection amount is 140 ~ 230kg/tHM, coke
Dosage is 310~390kg/tHM, and consumption amount of oxygen is 50 ~ 140m3/tHM.
5. such as claim 2-4 any one of them methods, which is characterized in that air blast oxygen feed postition is:
When oxygen enrichment percentage is less than 10%, cold air duct is added in normal temperature high voltage oxygen after decompression, then enters height after hot wind stove heat
Stove;
When oxygen enrichment percentage is more than 10%, for guarantee oxygen safety, more than 10% oxygen enrichment percentage amount of oxygen through air port belly pipe by oxygen coal
Rifle injection enters blast furnace.
6. method as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that the pressure of the normal temperature high voltage oxygen is 1.6MP, is after decompression
0.6MP。
7. method as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that the control of the ton iron coal injection amount is specially:
When oxygen enrichment percentage≤10%, coal injection is directly blown through air port belly pipe into In Raceway Before Tuyere of Blast Furnace by coal rifle to burn, spray
Coal is than control in 140 ~ 170kg/tHM;
When oxygen enrichment percentage > 10%, coal injection is blown by oxygen coal gun, and coal ejection ratio is controlled in 170 ~ 230kg/tHM.
8. the method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the ignition temperature of the adjustment Tuyere Raceway, specially:No
Regulated and controled by regulating and controlling coal ejection ratio and blast humidity under the conditions of oxygen enrichment percentage, adjusted with coal ejection ratio based on, blast humidity adjustment
Supplemented by;To ensure that coal injection in the efficient burning of Tuyere Raceway, under the conditions of same oxygen enrichment percentage, maintains constant air blast wet
Degree, Tuyere Raceway Theoretical combustion are stablized in 2200 ~ 2300 DEG C of ranges.
9. method as claimed in claim 8, which is characterized in that the blast humidity adjustment, specially:Add on cold air duct
Enter the control that vapor carries out air blast humidification amount, blast humidity is adjusted according to the working of a furnace under the conditions of different oxygen-enriched rate, same richness
Blast humidity is kept constant under the conditions of oxygen rate, enters stove blast humidity level to stablize, automatic humidity detector is utilized to detect air blast
Humidity and adjust automatically humidification amount size.
10. the method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that blast furnace gas is through dust pelletizing system purified treatment, a part of blast furnace
Coal gas send to hot-blast stove and carries out Combustion of Hot Air Furnace heating, and residual gas is incorporated to gaspipe network and send to power plant power generation.
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CN115466808A (en) * | 2022-09-19 | 2022-12-13 | 武安市裕华钢铁有限公司 | Blast furnace smelting method with high oxygen enrichment and large slag quantity |
CN116042937A (en) * | 2023-01-19 | 2023-05-02 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | Blast furnace ultrahigh oxygen-enriched smelting method |
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