CN112225548A - 一种低密度高强度的陶粒支撑剂及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种低密度高强度的陶粒支撑剂及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN112225548A
CN112225548A CN202011122836.0A CN202011122836A CN112225548A CN 112225548 A CN112225548 A CN 112225548A CN 202011122836 A CN202011122836 A CN 202011122836A CN 112225548 A CN112225548 A CN 112225548A
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陈旭东
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种低密度高强度的陶粒支撑剂，所述陶粒支撑剂按照质量百分数包括如下组分：粉煤灰：40％‑90％，铝矾土：5％‑30％，辅助添加剂：1％‑30％。本发明还公开了一种低密度高强度的陶粒支撑剂的制备方法，步骤1：预粉碎原材料，经过混合等处理制备得到可供成球的粉料；步骤2：将粉料加入成球机，经过成球，烧成，得到陶粒支撑剂。本发明的陶粒支撑剂显著减低了密度，提高了耐酸性能；本发明的方法通过制粉工艺、成球工艺及烧成工艺，采用工业废弃物粉粉煤灰为主要原料，具有工艺简单、生产成本低、节能环保等特点。

Description

一种低密度高强度的陶粒支撑剂及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于压裂增产技术领域，具体涉及一种低密度高强度的陶粒支撑剂，还涉及一种该陶粒支撑剂的制备方法。
背景技术
压裂增产是石油、天然气井开采过程中提高油气采收率的一项关键技术，尤其是对于低渗透、超低渗透油田(例如长庆油田)的开采起着至关重要的作用。支撑剂则是压裂施工过程中的一种关键材料。支撑剂由压裂液带入并支撑在压裂地层的裂隙中，从而有效地将油气导入油气井，大幅度提高油气产量和延长油气井寿命。
随着中浅层油气资源的日益枯竭，深层油气井的开发技术越来越受到重视。目前，在深层油气井开发中广泛使用的是高强度陶粒支撑剂。这种陶粒的主晶相为刚玉，虽然可以满足高强度的性能要求，但是具有密度较高的不足。为了更好的满足深储层油气井的压裂施工需求，需要一种能够在高温地层、高闭合压力、高盐度等各种复杂环境下具有良好导流能力的低密度陶粒支撑剂。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种低密度高强度的陶粒支撑剂，解决了现有技术中高强度陶粒支撑剂具有密度较高，所带来在复杂环境下陶粒支撑剂的性能不高的问题。
本发明所采用的技术方案是，
一种低密度高强度的陶粒支撑剂，其陶粒支撑剂按照质量百分数包括如下组分：粉煤灰：40％-90％，铝矾土：5％-30％，辅助添加剂：1％-30％。
本发明的特点还在于，
辅助添加剂为锂瓷石、锰矿粉和石灰石中的一种或者几种。
锂瓷石中Li2O的质量百分数为0.8wt％-1.6％；锰矿粉中MnO2的质量分数为30％-50％；所述石灰石中CaO的质量百分数为45％-55％。
粉煤灰中Al2O3的质量分数为30％～70％。
铝矾土中的Al2O3的质量分数为40％-75％。
陶粒支撑剂在煅烧过程中形成的主晶相为莫来石相。
本发明的另一个技术方案是；
一种低密度高强度的陶粒支撑剂的制备方法，按照如下步骤进行：
步骤1：将粉煤灰，铝矾土及辅助添加剂分别进行预粉碎，预粉碎后分别过300-500目标准筛，得到各物料，将各物料进行混合、球磨、筛分、喷雾化水、陈腐工序，制备得到可供成球的粉料；
步骤2：将粉料加入成球机中，通过喷洒雾化水并交替加入粉料的工艺得到坯球，制得圆度和球度达到0.80以上的坯球，再经烘干、筛分，得到粒径为425-850μm的坯球；再将坯球用回转窑进行烧成，烧成温度控制为1250-1360℃，烧成时间控制为1-3小时，经过冷却和筛分后得到成品。
本发明的有益效果是：本发明一种低密度高强度的陶粒支撑剂，提供一种以莫来石为主晶相的低密度高强度石油压裂的支撑剂，它生产成本较低，产品的质量和生产效率较高，产品的体积密度和视密度小，耐酸性能优异，以克服现有技术的不足。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施方式对本发明一种低密度高强度的陶粒支撑剂及其制备方法进行详细说明。
一种低密度高强度的陶粒支撑剂，其陶粒支撑剂按照质量百分数包括如下组分：粉煤灰：40％-90％，铝矾土：5％-30％，辅助添加剂：1％-30％。
本发明一种低密度高强度的陶粒支撑剂的制备方法的制备过程为：
将粉煤灰，铝矾土及辅助添加剂分别进行预粉碎，预粉碎后分别过300-500目标准筛，得到各物料，将各物料进行混合、球磨、筛分、喷雾化水、陈腐工序，制备得到可供成球的粉料；
将磨好的各种原料，按配方规定的比例，进行称量，经混料机充分搅拌混合均匀；
将混合均匀的原料，在己经装入母粒(引子)的成型机里(喷洒雾化水)进行成型，成型粒径为425-850μm；
成型好后经筛分，将符合粒径要求的陶粒胚体烘干；
将烘干的陶粒胚体送入回转窑烧制，烧成温度1250-1360℃，烧成时间3小时，最后经过冷却和筛分后得到成品陶粒支撑剂。
下面通过具体的实施例对本发明一种低密度高强度的陶粒支撑剂及其制备方法进行进一步详细说明。
实施例1
一种低密度高强度的陶粒支撑剂按照质量百分数包括如下组分：
粉煤灰50％，铝矾土30％，锂瓷石6％，锰矿粉8％，石灰石6％。
该陶粒支撑剂的制备方法为：
将粉煤灰，铝矾土及辅助添加剂分别进行预粉碎，预粉碎后分别过300目标准筛，得到各物料；
将磨好的各种物料，按配方规定的比例，进行称量，经混料机充分搅拌混合均匀；
将混合均匀的原料，在己经装入母粒(引子)的成型机里(喷洒雾化水)进行成型，成型粒径为850μm；
成型好后经筛分，将符合粒径要求的陶粒胚体烘干；
将烘干的陶粒胚体送入回转窑烧制，烧成温度1360℃，烧成时间3小时，最后经过冷却和筛分后得到成品陶粒支撑剂。
实施例2
一种低密度高强度的陶粒支撑剂按照质量百分数包括如下组分：
粉煤灰60％，铝矾土30％，锂瓷石6％，锰矿粉2％，石灰石2％。
该陶粒支撑剂的制备方法为：
将粉煤灰，铝矾土及辅助添加剂分别进行预粉碎，预粉碎后分别过500目标准筛，得到各物料；
将磨好的各种物料，按配方规定的比例，进行称量，经混料机充分搅拌混合均匀；
将混合均匀的原料，在己经装入母粒(引子)的成型机里(喷洒雾化水)进行成型，成型粒径为700μm；
成型好后经筛分，将符合粒径要求的陶粒胚体烘干；
将烘干的陶粒胚体送入回转窑烧制，烧成温度1350℃，烧成时间2小时，最后经过冷却和筛分后得到成品陶粒支撑剂。
实施例3
一种低密度高强度的陶粒支撑剂按照质量百分数包括如下组分：
粉煤灰70％，铝矾土10％，锂瓷石6％，锰矿粉7％，石灰石7％。
该陶粒支撑剂的制备方法为：
将粉煤灰，铝矾土及辅助添加剂分别进行预粉碎，预粉碎后分别过400目标准筛，得到各物料；
将磨好的各种物料，按配方规定的比例，进行称量，经混料机充分搅拌混合均匀；
将混合均匀的原料，在己经装入母粒(引子)的成型机里(喷洒雾化水)进行成型，成型粒径为425μm；
成型好后经筛分，将符合粒径要求的陶粒胚体烘干；
将烘干的陶粒胚体送入回转窑烧制，烧成温度1250℃，烧成时间1小时，最后经过冷却和筛分后得到成品陶粒支撑剂。
实施例4
一种低密度高强度的陶粒支撑剂按照质量百分数包括如下组分：
粉煤灰65％，铝矾土20％，锂瓷石4％，锰矿粉7％，石灰石4％。
该陶粒支撑剂的制备方法为：
将粉煤灰，铝矾土及辅助添加剂分别进行预粉碎，预粉碎后分别过450目标准筛，得到各物料；
将磨好的各种物料，按配方规定的比例，进行称量，经混料机充分搅拌混合均匀；
将混合均匀的原料，在己经装入母粒(引子)的成型机里(喷洒雾化水)进行成型，成型粒径为555μm；
成型好后经筛分，将符合粒径要求的陶粒胚体烘干；
将烘干的陶粒胚体送入回转窑烧制，烧成温度1350℃，烧成时间2小时，最后经过冷却和筛分后得到成品陶粒支撑剂。
实施例5
一种低密度高强度的陶粒支撑剂按照质量百分数包括如下组分：
粉煤灰55％，铝矾土25％，锂瓷石5％，锰矿粉9％，石灰石6％。
该陶粒支撑剂的制备方法为：
将粉煤灰，铝矾土及辅助添加剂分别进行预粉碎，预粉碎后分别过450目标准筛，得到各物料；
将磨好的各种物料，按配方规定的比例，进行称量，经混料机充分搅拌混合均匀；
将混合均匀的原料，在己经装入母粒(引子)的成型机里(喷洒雾化水)进行成型，成型粒径为620μm；
成型好后经筛分，将符合粒径要求的陶粒胚体烘干；
将烘干的陶粒胚体送入回转窑烧制，烧成温度1280℃，烧成时间2小时，最后经过冷却和筛分后得到成品陶粒支撑剂。
通过本发明的一种低密度高强度的陶粒支撑剂的制备方法制备的陶粒支撑剂，按照SY/T 5108-2014标准检测，产品质量指标为：体积密度1.40-1.60g/cm3，视密度为2.60-2.75g/cm3，破碎率(52MPa)≤3.5wt％，酸溶解度≤4wt％。
本发明的一种低密度高强度的陶粒支撑剂在不影响支撑剂性能的前提下，显著减低了密度，提高了耐酸性能。本发明一种低密度高强度的陶粒支撑剂的制备方法，采用粉煤灰，铝矾土及辅助添加剂按照特定的比例进行组合后，通过制粉工艺、成球工艺及烧成工艺制成低密度高强度陶粒支撑剂。且该方法采用工业废弃物粉煤灰等为主要原料，具有工艺简单、生产成本低、节能环保等优点，具有一定的实用性。

Claims (7)

1.一种低密度高强度的陶粒支撑剂，其特征在于，所述陶粒支撑剂按照质量百分数包括如下组分：粉煤灰：40％-90％，铝矾土：5％-30％，辅助添加剂：1％-30％。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种低密度高强度的陶粒支撑剂，其特征在于，所述辅助添加剂为锂瓷石、锰矿粉和石灰石中的一种或者几种。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种低密度高强度的陶粒支撑剂，其特征在于，所述锂瓷石中Li2O的质量百分数为0.8wt％-1.6％；所述锰矿粉中MnO2的质量分数为30％-50％；所述石灰石中CaO的质量百分数为45％-55％。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种低密度高强度的陶粒支撑剂，其特征在于，所述粉煤灰中Al2O3的质量分数为30％～70％。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种低密度高强度的陶粒支撑剂，其特征在于，所述铝矾土中的Al2O3的质量分数为40％-75％。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种低密度高强度的陶粒支撑剂，其特征在于，所述陶粒支撑剂在煅烧过程中形成的主晶相为莫来石相。
7.一种低密度高强度的陶粒支撑剂的制备方法，其特征在于，按照如下步骤进行：
步骤1：将粉煤灰，铝矾土及辅助添加剂分别进行预粉碎，预粉碎后分别过300-500目标准筛，得到各物料，将各物料进行混合、球磨、筛分、喷雾化水、陈腐工序，制备得到可供成球的粉料；
步骤2：将所述粉料加入成球机中，通过喷洒雾化水并交替加入粉料的工艺得到坯球，再经烘干、筛分，得到粒径为425-850μm的坯球；再将坯球用回转窑进行烧成，烧成温度控制为1250-1360℃，烧成时间控制为1-3小时，经过冷却和筛分后得到成品的陶粒支撑剂。
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