CN112225319A - Multistage vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland system and method for deeply treating tail water by using same - Google Patents
Multistage vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland system and method for deeply treating tail water by using same Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A multi-stage vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland system and a method for deeply treating tail water by using the same relate to a sewage treatment device and a method. The artificial wetland system comprises a water distribution adjusting tank, four-stage series vertical subsurface flow artificial wetland, an subsurface flow water outlet channel, a tail end collecting tank and an impermeable layer, wherein the four-stage series vertical subsurface flow artificial wetland comprises a water distribution adjusting tank, a four-stage series vertical subsurface flow water outlet channel, a tail end collecting tank and a permeable layer; each level of vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland consists of 4 groups of vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland units; the water distribution adjusting tank is connected with the first-stage vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland; the four-stage vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland is connected with a tail end collecting tank, and the bottom of the side wall of the collecting tank is provided with a water outlet. And in the deep treatment, the retention time of the tail water in the constructed wetland system is kept for 2-3 days. The quality of the discharged water can reach the V-type standard of the surface water of GB 3838-2002. Can be used in the field of domestic sewage, industrial wastewater and aquaculture wastewater treatment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a sewage treatment device and a method.
Background
Nearly billions of tons of tail water of sewage treatment plants are produced in China every year, if the tail water is directly discharged, a large amount of nitrogen and phosphorus loads are input into rivers and lakes, water eutrophication is easy to cause, and potential regenerated water resources are wasted. The problem of difference between the tail water quality standard of the sewage treatment plant and the water environment quality standard is increasingly prominent, wherein the total discharge amount of pollutants such as nitrogen, phosphorus and the like is still large, and in order to improve the water environment quality of a receiving water body, the tail water of the sewage treatment plant needs to be deeply treated urgently. The constructed wetland has the advantages of simple process, large buffer capacity, strong impact load resistance and the like, and is widely applied to the field of sewage treatment in recent years, particularly to the deep treatment of tail water of sewage treatment plants. For example, chinese patent publication No. CN108191064A discloses a method for advanced treatment of tail water from sewage treatment plants by using artificial wetlands, which comprises the following steps: firstly, lifting sewage to be treated by a lifting pump room, and then, entering a sedimentation tank for pretreatment, wherein particulate matters are settled; secondly, the sewage enters the surface flow artificial wetland from the sedimentation tank, and pollutants in the sewage are further degraded; thirdly, sewage enters the composite artificial wetland from the surface flow artificial wetland, and pollutants are further degraded and denitrified to remove nitrogen; fourthly, the sewage enters the ecological marsh wetland from the composite artificial wetland to further remove pollutants in the water; and fifthly, the sewage enters a natural ecological wetland with ecological landscape characteristics through the ecological marsh wetland, and the residual pollutants are finally treated to obtain tail water which reaches the discharge standard. The method utilizes the surface flow constructed wetland for treatment, and has the advantages of large occupied area, short hydraulic retention time, low pollutant removal rate and large influence of climate change.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a multistage vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland system and a method for deeply treating tail water by using the same, aiming at solving the technical problems of large floor area, low pollutant removal rate and large influence of climate change in the conventional method for deeply treating the tail water of a sewage treatment plant.
The multistage vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland system of the invention comprises:
the system comprises a first-stage vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland, a second-stage vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland, a third-stage vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland, a fourth-stage vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland, a water distribution regulating tank, an subsurface flow water outlet channel, a tail end water collecting tank and an impermeable layer;
the structure of the first-stage vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland, the second-stage vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland, the third-stage vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland and the fourth-stage vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland is the same, the four-stage vertical subsurface flow constructed wetlands are connected in series, and an subsurface flow water outlet channel is arranged between the vertical subsurface flow constructed wetlands; anti-seepage layers are arranged at the bottoms of the four-stage vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland and the subsurface flow water outlet channel;
the water distribution regulating tank is connected with the first-stage vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland through a submersible pump; the four-stage vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland is connected with a tail end water collecting tank, and the bottom of the side wall of the water collecting tank is provided with a water outlet;
each level of vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland consists of 4 groups of vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland units;
each group of vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland units sequentially comprises a drainage layer, a transition layer, a limestone and zeolite layer mixing layer, a charcoal layer, a covering layer and a planting soil layer from bottom to top; planting aquatic plants in the planting soil layer; the water drainage layer is provided with a water pipe with holes at the upper part; each group of vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland units is connected in series, and two adjacent groups of vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland units alternately feed and discharge water from top to bottom; the water pipe with holes is used for distributing water or collecting water.
Furthermore, the water outlets of the underflow water outlet channels of all levels are provided with flashboards;
furthermore, the gradient of the bottom of the drainage layer of each level of vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland is 1-5 per mill; an underflow water outlet channel connected with the tail ends of the vertical underflow artificial wetlands at all levels in the slope direction;
furthermore, the drainage layer is composed of crushed stone with the particle size of 30-100 mm, and the thickness of the drainage layer is 380-420 mm;
furthermore, the transition layer is composed of coarse gravels with the particle size of 10-30 mm, and the thickness of the transition layer is 280-320 mm;
furthermore, the mixed layer of the limestone and the zeolite layer is composed of limestone and zeolite with the particle size of 5-10 mm, and the thickness of the mixed layer of the limestone and the zeolite layer is 370-430 mm;
furthermore, the biochar layer is made of biochar with the particle size of 5-10 mm, and the thickness of the biochar layer is 280-320 mm;
furthermore, the covering layer is composed of gravels with the particle size of 10-20 mm, and the thickness of the covering layer is 80-120 mm;
furthermore, the thickness of the planting soil layer is 300-400 mm;
furthermore, the thickness of the impermeable layer is 780-820 mm;
furthermore, the aquatic plant planted in the first-level vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland 1 is iris, and the planting density is 5-6 plants/m2(ii) a The aquatic plants planted in the second-stage vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland 2 are loosestrife, and the planting density is 5-6 plants/m2(ii) a The aquatic plant planted in the three-level vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland 3 is reed, and the planting density is 5-6 plants/m2(ii) a The aquatic plant planted in the four-level vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland 4 is typha orientalis, and the planting density is 5-6 plants/m2；
Furthermore, an aeration device is arranged in the water distribution regulating tank, so that dissolved oxygen in the artificial wetland is effectively increased, pollutants are in direct contact with the dissolved oxygen, the pollutant removal rate is further increased, the breeding of mosquitoes and flies in the substrate can be avoided, and the sanitary condition is improved.
Furthermore, a water pump is arranged in the tail end water collecting tank, tail water is lifted to the outlet of the water collecting tank, and then the tail water is discharged into the water body of the surface river.
The method for deeply treating tail water by using the multistage vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland system comprises the following steps:
adding the tail water of the sewage treatment plant in the villages and towns into a water distribution regulating tank of a multi-stage vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland system, mixing to ensure that the water quality is uniform, then sequentially flowing through a first-stage vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland, a second-stage vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland, a third-stage vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland and a fourth-stage vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland for treatment, wherein the hydraulic retention time of the fourth-stage vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland is 2-3 days, then concentrating the tail water into a tail end collecting tank through an subsurface flow water outlet channel, and flowing out through a water outlet to finish the advanced treatment of the tail water of the sewage treatment plant in the villages and.
After entering a multi-stage vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland system, tail water of a sewage plant in the villages and towns is firstly regulated by a water distribution regulating tank and then enters four-stage vertical subsurface flow constructed wetlands connected in series for treatment, each stage of vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland consists of 4 groups of vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland units, 16 groups of vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland units are counted, and water enters and exits from the adjacent vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland units alternately from top to bottom. The four-stage vertical subsurface flow constructed wetlands are separated by subsurface flow water outlet channels, and the outlet water is collected by a tail end collecting tank and then discharged through a water outlet.
The multi-stage vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland system has the following advantages:
(1) the multi-stage vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland system can stably operate all year round, and has the advantages of low construction and operation cost, simple and easy maintenance, low power consumption, energy conservation and high efficiency.
(2) The multi-stage vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland system has the advantages of uniform hydraulic distribution, long hydraulic retention time, large hydraulic load, good removal effect of pollutants such as nitrogen, phosphorus and the like, good deep purification treatment effect and stable effluent quality, and the effluent can reach the V-type and above standard of surface water of GB 3838-2002.
(3) The sewage is treated by the technologies of physical interception, chemical adsorption, biological absorption and the like of a matrix filler layer (comprising a transition layer, a mixed layer of limestone and a zeolite layer, a biochar layer and a covering layer), the secondary pollution is avoided, the treatment effect is good, the advanced treatment method is simple to operate, and the later period management cost is low.
(4) The multi-stage vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland system has better environment harmony and has the functions of simulating natural wetland, sewage treatment, ecological construction, landscape leisure and the like.
The multi-stage vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland system can be used in the fields of treatment of domestic sewage, industrial wastewater, cultivation wastewater and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a multi-stage vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland system of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a primary vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland 1;
in the figure: 1 is a first-stage vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland, 2 is a second-stage vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland, 3 is a third-stage vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland, 4 is a fourth-stage vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland, 5 is a water distribution regulating tank, 6 is an subsurface flow water outlet channel, 7 is a tail end collecting tank, and 8 is an impermeable layer;
1-1 is a first group of vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland units, 1-2 is a second group of vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland units, 1-3 is a third group of vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland units, and 1-4 is a fourth group of vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland units;
in the first group of vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland units 1-1, 1-1-1 is a drainage layer, 1-1-2 is a transition layer, 1-1-3 is a mixed layer of limestone and a zeolite layer, 1-1-4 is a charcoal layer, 1-1-5 is a covering layer, and 1-1-6 is a planting soil layer; 1-1-7 is a first upper water pipe with holes, and 1-1-8 is a first lower water pipe with holes;
in the second group of vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland units 1-2, 1-2-7 are second upper water pipes with holes, and 1-2-8 are second lower water pipes with holes;
in the third group of vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland units 1-3, 1-3-7 are third upper water pipes with holes, and 1-3-8 are third lower water pipes with holes;
in the fourth group of vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland units 1-4, 1-4-7 are fourth water pipes with holes at the upper part, and 1-4-8 are fourth water pipes with holes at the lower part.
Detailed Description
The following examples are used to demonstrate the beneficial effects of the present invention:
example 1: a multi-stage vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland system is built outside a sewage treatment plant in a certain town of Liaoyuan city in Liaoning province, and the multi-stage vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland system consists of a primary vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland 1, a secondary vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland 2, a tertiary vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland 3, a quaternary vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland 4, a water distribution regulating tank 5, an subsurface flow water outlet channel 6, a tail end water collecting tank 7 and an impermeable layer 8;
the structure of the first-stage vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland 1, the second-stage vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland 2, the third-stage vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland 3 and the fourth-stage vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland 4 is the same, the vertical subsurface flow constructed wetlands of each stage are connected in series, and an subsurface flow water outlet channel 6 is arranged between the vertical subsurface flow constructed wetlands of each stage; the bottom parts of the vertical subsurface flow constructed wetlands and the subsurface flow water outlet channels 6 at all levels are provided with impermeable layers 8;
the primary vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland 1 consists of a first group of vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland units 1-1, a second group of vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland units 1-2, a third group of vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland units 1-3 and a fourth group of vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland units 1-4;
the first group of vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland units 1-1, the second group of vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland units 1-2, the third group of vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland units 1-3 and the fourth group of vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland units 1-4 have the same structure; the length of each group of vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland units is 30m, the width of each group of vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland units is 15m, and the effective area of each stage of vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland is 1800m2The effective area of the multi-stage vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland system for deep treatment of the tail water of the sewage plant in the villages and towns is about 8000m2；
The first group of vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland units 1-1 sequentially comprises a drainage layer 1-1-1, a transition layer 1-1-2, a limestone and zeolite layer mixed layer 1-1-3, a charcoal layer 1-1-4, a covering layer 1-1-5 and a planting soil layer 1-1-6 from bottom to top;
wherein the drainage layer 1-1-1 is composed of crushed stone with the particle size of 30-100 mm, and the thickness of the drainage layer 1-1-1 is 400 mm;
the transition layer 1-1-2 is composed of coarse gravels with the particle size of 10-30 mm, and the thickness of the transition layer 1-1-2 is 300 mm;
the limestone and zeolite layer mixed layer 1-1-3 is composed of limestone and zeolite with particle size of 5-10 mm, and the thickness of the limestone and zeolite layer mixed layer 1-1-3 is 400 mm;
the biochar layer 1-1-4 is made of biochar with the particle size of 5-10 mm, and the thickness of the biochar layer 1-1-4 is 300 mm;
the covering layer 1-1-5 is composed of gravels with the particle size of 10-20 mm, and the thickness of the covering layer 1-1-5 is 100 mm;
the thickness of the planting soil layer 1-1-6 is 300 mm;
the thickness of the impermeable layer 8 is 800 mm;
a first upper water pipe 1-1-7 with holes is arranged in the covering layer 1-1-5 to be used as a water inlet and distribution pipe, and a first lower water pipe 1-1-8 with holes is arranged in the drainage layer 1-1-1 to be used as a water collecting and drainage pipe; the first upper water pipe 1-1-7 with the hole is connected with the water distribution regulating tank 5 through the submersible pump 5-1;
a second upper part perforated water pipe 1-2-7 is arranged in a covering layer of a second group of vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland units 1-2 to be used as a water collecting and draining pipe, and a second lower part perforated water pipe 1-2-8 is arranged in a draining layer to be used as a water inlet and distributing pipe; the second lower part water pipe with holes 1-2-8 is connected with the first lower part water pipe with holes 1-1-8;
third upper perforated water pipes 1-3-7 are arranged in a covering layer of a third group of vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland units 1-3 to serve as water inlet and distribution pipes, and third lower perforated water pipes 1-3-8 are arranged in a drainage layer to serve as water collecting and drainage pipes; the third upper water pipe with holes 1-3-7 is connected with the second upper water pipe with holes 1-2-7;
a fourth upper part perforated water pipe 1-4-7 is arranged in a covering layer of the fourth group of vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland units 1-4 to be used as a water collecting and draining pipe, and a fourth lower part perforated water pipe 1-4-8 is arranged in a draining layer to be used as a water inlet and distributing pipe; the fourth lower part water pipe with holes 1-4-8 is connected with the third lower part water pipe with holes 1-3-8; a fourth water pipe 1-4-7 with a hole at the upper part is connected with a tail end collecting tank 7, and the bottom of the side wall of the collecting tank 7 is provided with a water outlet 7-1;
the aquatic plant planted in the planting soil layer of the first-level vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland 1 is iris, and the planting density is 6 plants/m2(ii) a The aquatic plants planted in the planting soil layer of the second-stage vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland 2 are loosestrife, and the planting density is 6 plants/m2(ii) a The aquatic plants planted in the planting soil layer of the three-level vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland 3 are reeds, and the planting density is 6 plants/m2(ii) a The aquatic plant planted in the planting soil layer of the four-level vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland 4 is typha orientalis, and the planting density is 6 plants/m2。
The multistage vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland system is used for carrying out advanced treatment on the tail water of the sewage treatment plant in the villages and towns, and the method specifically comprises the following steps: adding the tail water of the sewage treatment plant in the villages and towns into a water distribution regulating tank of a multi-stage vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland system, mixing to ensure that the water quality is uniform, then sequentially flowing through a first-stage vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland, a second-stage vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland, a third-stage vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland and a fourth-stage vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland for treatment, wherein the hydraulic retention time of the fourth-stage vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland is 3 days, then concentrating the tail water into a tail end collecting tank through an subsurface flow water outlet channel, and flowing out through a water outlet to finish the advanced treatment of the tail water of the sewage treatment plant in the villages and.
The conditions of the tail water quality of the village and town sewage plant before and after the treatment by the multistage vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland system in the embodiment are shown in table 1,
TABLE 1 technical indexes before and after treatment of tail water from sewage treatment plants in villages and towns
As can be seen from Table 1, the TN and COD of the tail water of the sewage treatment plant in the villages and towns are higher than the surface water V standard of GB3838-2002 before treatment. The sewage is treated by a multi-stage vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland system for advanced treatment of the tail water of a sewage plant in villages and towns, the sewage is treated by technologies such as physical interception, chemical adsorption, biological absorption and the like, all water quality indexes of the sewage are greatly lower than the surface water V-type standard of GB3838-2002, and particularly, the sewage treatment system has better nitrogen and phosphorus pollutant removal effect, good advanced purification treatment effect and no secondary pollution.
The multistage vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland system can stably operate all year round, and has the advantages of low construction and operation cost, simple and easy maintenance, simple operation and low later-stage management cost; the power consumption is low, the hydraulic distribution is uniform, the hydraulic retention time is long, the hydraulic load is large, and the energy is saved and the efficiency is high.
The multi-stage vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland system of the embodiment has better environment harmony and has the functions of simulating natural wetland, sewage treatment, ecological construction, landscape leisure and the like.
Example 2: the method for carrying out advanced treatment on the tail water of the sewage treatment plant in the villages and towns by using the multistage vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland system in the embodiment 1 comprises the following steps:
adding the tail water of the sewage treatment plant in the village and the town into a water distribution regulating tank of the multi-stage vertical subsurface flow artificial wetland system for deep treatment of the tail water of the sewage treatment plant in the village and the town of embodiment 1, mixing to ensure that the water quality is uniform, then sequentially flowing through the first-stage vertical subsurface flow artificial wetland, the second-stage vertical subsurface flow artificial wetland, the third-stage vertical subsurface flow artificial wetland and the fourth-stage vertical subsurface flow artificial wetland for treatment, keeping the hydraulic retention time of the fourth-stage vertical subsurface flow artificial wetland for 2 days, then concentrating the water into a tail end collecting tank through an subsurface flow water outlet channel, and flowing out through a water outlet to complete the deep treatment of the tail water of the.
The quality of the tail water of the village and town sewage plant before and after the treatment by the multistage vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland system in the embodiment is shown in table 2,
TABLE 2 technical indexes before and after treatment of tail water from sewage treatment plants in villages and towns
As can be seen from Table 2, the TN and COD of the tail water of the sewage treatment plant in the villages and towns are higher than the surface water V standard of GB3838-2002 before treatment. The sewage is treated by a multi-stage vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland system for advanced treatment of the tail water of a sewage plant in villages and towns, the sewage is treated by technologies such as physical interception, chemical adsorption, biological absorption and the like, all water quality indexes of the sewage are greatly lower than the surface water V-type standard of GB3838-2002, and particularly, the sewage treatment system has better nitrogen and phosphorus pollutant removal effect, good advanced purification treatment effect and no secondary pollution.
The multistage vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland system can stably operate all year round, and has the advantages of low construction and operation cost, simple and easy maintenance, simple operation and low later-stage management cost; the power consumption is low, the hydraulic distribution is uniform, the hydraulic retention time is long, the hydraulic load is large, and the energy is saved and the efficiency is high.
In the embodiments 1 and 2 of the invention, the hydraulic retention time of the tail water of the town sewage treatment plant in the multistage vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland system is selected from 2 to 3 days, and the nitrogen and phosphorus pollutant removal effect is optimal in the hydraulic retention time range. If the hydraulic retention time is increased, the removal rate of TN and TP by the multistage vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland system is reduced. For TN, as the long hydraulic retention time is increased, the organic load rate of the system is reduced, so that the endogenous respiration of organisms is intensified, the activity of sludge is influenced, and the TN removal effect of the system is finally reduced; for TP, sludge bulking is generated along with the increase of hydraulic retention time, under the condition of a certain carbon source, the nitrifying bacteria and the phosphorus accumulating bacteria can form stronger competition, and the survival capability of the phosphorus accumulating bacteria is lower than that of the nitrifying bacteria, so that the phosphorus accumulating bacteria can be killed, the progress of phosphorus absorption is not facilitated, and the removal effect of TP is finally influenced. Therefore, the hydraulic retention time is selected to be 2-3 days, and the removal rate of TN and TP is kept at a higher level.
The multi-stage vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland system of the embodiment has better environment harmony and has the functions of simulating natural wetland, sewage treatment, ecological construction, landscape leisure and the like.
Claims (10)
1. The multi-stage vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland system is characterized by comprising a first-stage vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland (1), a second-stage vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland (2), a third-stage vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland (3), a four-stage vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland (4), a water distribution regulating tank (5), an subsurface flow water outlet channel (6), a tail end water collecting tank (7) and an impermeable layer (8);
the structure of the first-stage vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland (1), the second-stage vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland (2), the third-stage vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland (3) and the fourth-stage vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland (4) is the same, the four-stage vertical subsurface flow constructed wetlands are connected in series, and an subsurface flow water outlet channel (6) is arranged between the vertical subsurface flow constructed wetlands; the bottom parts of the four-stage vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland and the subsurface flow water outlet channel (6) are provided with an impermeable layer (8);
the water distribution regulating tank (5) is connected with the first-stage vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland (1) through a submersible pump (5-1); the four-stage vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland (4) is connected with a tail end water collecting tank (7), and the bottom of the side wall of the water collecting tank (7) is provided with a water outlet (7-1);
each level of vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland consists of 4 groups of vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland units;
each group of vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland units sequentially comprises a drainage layer, a transition layer, a limestone and zeolite layer mixing layer, a charcoal layer, a covering layer and a planting soil layer from bottom to top; planting aquatic plants in the planting soil layer; the water drainage layer is provided with a water pipe with holes at the upper part; each group of vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland units is connected in series, and the two adjacent groups of vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland units alternately feed and discharge water from top to bottom.
2. The multi-stage vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland system according to claim 1, characterized in that the water outlet of the subsurface flow water outlet channel (6) is provided with a gate plate.
3. The multistage vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the bottom gradient of the drainage layer of each stage of vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland is 1 to 5 per thousand; and the subsurface flow water outlet channel (6) is connected with the tail ends of the vertical subsurface flow constructed wetlands at different levels in the slope direction.
4. The multistage vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the drainage layer (1-1-1) is made of crushed stones with a particle size of 30-100 mm, and the thickness of the drainage layer (1-1-1) is 380-420 mm.
5. The multi-stage vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the transition layer (1-1-2) is composed of coarse gravels with the particle size of 10-30 mm, and the thickness of the transition layer (1-1-2) is 280-320 mm.
6. The multi-stage vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the mixed layer (1-1-3) of limestone and zeolite layers is composed of limestone and zeolite with a particle size of 5-10 mm, and the thickness of the mixed layer (1-1-3) of limestone and zeolite layers is 370-430 mm.
7. The multistage vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the biochar layer (1-1-4) is made of biochar with the particle size of 5-10 mm, and the thickness of the biochar layer (1-1-4) is 280-320 mm.
8. The multi-stage vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the cover layer (1-1-5) is composed of gravels with the particle size of 10-20 mm, and the thickness of the cover layer (1-1-5) is 80-120 mm.
9. The multistage vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the aquatic plant planted in the first-stage vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland (1) is iris, and the planting density is 5-6 plants/m2(ii) a The aquatic plants planted in the second-stage vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland (2) are loosestrife, and the planting density is 5-6 plants/m2(ii) a The aquatic plants planted in the three-level vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland (3) are reeds, and the planting density is 5-6 plants/m2(ii) a The aquatic plant planted in the four-level vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland (4) is typha orientalis, and the planting density is 5-6 plants/m2。
10. The method for deeply treating the tail water of the sewage plant in the villages and the towns by using the multistage vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland system of claim 1 comprises the following steps:
adding the tail water of a sewage treatment plant in a village and town into a water distribution regulating reservoir of the multistage vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland system of claim 1, mixing, homogenizing the water quality, sequentially flowing through a first-stage vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland, a second-stage vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland, a third-stage vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland and a fourth-stage vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland for treatment, enabling the hydraulic retention time of the fourth-stage vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland to be 2-3 days, concentrating the tail water into a tail end collecting reservoir through an subsurface flow water outlet channel, and enabling the tail water to flow out through a water outlet, thereby completing the deep treatment of the tail water of the sewage treatment plant in the village and town.
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2020
- 2020-09-25 CN CN202011021706.8A patent/CN112225319A/en active Pending
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