CN112222152B - Automatic drying, carbonizing and crushing device for organic waste and using method thereof - Google Patents
Automatic drying, carbonizing and crushing device for organic waste and using method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112222152B CN112222152B CN202011009868.XA CN202011009868A CN112222152B CN 112222152 B CN112222152 B CN 112222152B CN 202011009868 A CN202011009868 A CN 202011009868A CN 112222152 B CN112222152 B CN 112222152B
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- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 238000010000 carbonizing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 79
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
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- 238000010981 drying operation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
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Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/40—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving thermal treatment, e.g. evaporation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
- B02C13/02—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with horizontal rotor shaft
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
- B02C13/14—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with vertical rotor shaft, e.g. combined with sifting devices
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
- B02C13/26—Details
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
- B02C13/26—Details
- B02C13/28—Shape or construction of beater elements
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
- B02C13/26—Details
- B02C13/30—Driving mechanisms
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B5/00—Operations not covered by a single other subclass or by a single other group in this subclass
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B23/00—Heating arrangements
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C2201/00—Codes relating to disintegrating devices adapted for specific materials
- B02C2201/06—Codes relating to disintegrating devices adapted for specific materials for garbage, waste or sewage
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides an automatic drying, carbonizing and crushing device for organic waste and a using method thereof, wherein the device comprises the following steps: the device comprises a drying mechanism, an air supply mechanism and a crushing mechanism, wherein the drying mechanism is used for drying organic waste, the drying mechanism is fixedly arranged at the top end of the crushing mechanism, the air supply mechanism is used for providing an oxygen-deficient environment for the organic waste, the air supply mechanism is communicated with the drying mechanism, and the crushing mechanism is used for crushing the carbonized organic waste; drying mechanism includes first shell, inner tube, heating member, first shell is fixed on crushing mechanism's top, the inner tube is located the inside of first shell, be formed with flourishing material cavity between inner tube and the first shell. The invention can improve the carbonization effect and is beneficial to carbonization operation; the phenomenon of material blocking is avoided, and the operation efficiency is improved; the crushing effect is improved, the phenomenon of large-particle carbide is eliminated, the subsequent retreatment is avoided, and the resources are saved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of organic waste treatment, in particular to an automatic drying, carbonizing and crushing device for organic waste.
Background
Organic waste refers to solid, liquid or gaseous organic substances and substances produced in production, life and other activities that lose their original value of use or are discarded or abandoned without losing their value of use. Specifically, theIn other words, the organic waste includes three major categories of agricultural organic waste (mainly including crop straw vines, livestock and poultry manure, aquatic waste and the like), industrial organic waste (mainly including high-concentration organic wastewater, organic waste residues and the like), and municipal organic waste (mainly including landscaping waste, municipal sludge, animal contents of slaughter houses, kitchen waste and the like). Wherein, the agricultural organic waste contains a large amount of animal-derived waste, mainly refers to livestock and poultry manure such as cow manure, pig manure, sheep manure, chicken manure, duck manure, goose manure and the like, and the annual production amount in China is 2.7x109And t is about.
On the other hand, the adsorption method is a method for removing toxic and harmful substances in water by using an adsorbent through adsorption, and is a common water treatment technology. Wherein the adsorbent generally refers to a substance with high specific surface area and large pore volume, such as activated carbon, silica gel, molecular sieve and the like. In recent years, environmental-friendly materials such as biochar prepared from organic wastes have attracted much attention because of their advantages such as high specific surface area, abundant surface functional groups, chemical stability, and porosity, which are similar to those of activated carbon. In the process of preparing the biochar by using the organic waste, the biochar needs to be dried and carbonized firstly and then crushed so as to be convenient for subsequent treatment, but the current preparation device has the following defects: the organic waste is not uniformly dried, so that the carbonization effect is poor; the phenomenon of material blocking occurs in the falling process of the carbonized organic waste, so that the operation efficiency is reduced; the phenomenon of large granular carbide exists after crushing, and the subsequent retreatment and crushing are needed, so that the resource is wasted.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the invention aims to provide an automatic drying, carbonizing and crushing device for organic waste, which is used for solving the problem that the carbonization effect is poor due to uneven drying of the organic waste in the prior art; the phenomenon of material blocking occurs in the falling process of the carbonized organic waste, so that the operation efficiency is reduced; the phenomenon of large granular carbide exists after the crushing, and the subsequent retreatment and crushing are also needed, thereby wasting resources.
In order to achieve the above objects and other related objects, the present invention provides an apparatus for automatically drying, carbonizing and crushing organic waste, comprising: the device comprises a drying mechanism, an air supply mechanism and a crushing mechanism, wherein the drying mechanism is used for drying organic waste, the drying mechanism is fixedly arranged at the top end of the crushing mechanism, the air supply mechanism is used for providing an oxygen-deficient environment for the organic waste, the air supply mechanism is communicated with the drying mechanism, and the crushing mechanism is used for crushing the carbonized organic waste;
the drying mechanism comprises a first shell, an inner cylinder and a heating element, the first shell is fixed at the top end of the crushing mechanism, the inner cylinder is positioned in the first shell, a material containing cavity is formed between the inner cylinder and the first shell and used for containing organic waste, the material containing cavity is communicated with the air supply mechanism, the heating element is arranged in the inner cylinder, and a plurality of heat dissipation holes are formed in the side wall of the inner cylinder;
broken mechanism includes second shell, first broken subassembly, the broken subassembly of second and drive assembly, be equipped with the rotary driving piece on the outer wall of second shell, first broken subassembly, the broken subassembly of second and drive assembly all set up the inside at the second shell, first broken subassembly is located the broken subassembly of second directly over, the output shaft and the broken subassembly of second of rotary driving piece are connected, the broken subassembly of second drives first broken subassembly rotation through drive assembly, be equipped with the guide subassembly between the broken subassembly of second and the flourishing material cavity.
Preferably, first broken subassembly includes first pivot and first broken stick, first pivot passes through the vertical setting of bearing on the outer bottom surface of inner tube, first broken stick is fixed in first pivot, the quantity of first broken stick is a plurality of, and a plurality of first broken sticks distribute along the length direction of first pivot, adjacent two leave first interval between the first broken stick.
Preferably, the broken subassembly of second includes the broken stick of second pivot and a plurality of second, the second pivot passes through the bearing level and sets up the interior bottom at the second shell, the output shaft that shaft coupling and rotary driving spare were passed through to the one end of second pivot is a plurality of the broken stick of second distributes along the length direction of second pivot, adjacent two leave the second interval between the broken stick of second, the second interval is less than first interval.
Preferably, the guide subassembly includes cam, gyro wheel, montant subassembly and baffle, the cam sets up in the second pivot, the baffle activity sets up in the bottom of flourishing material cavity, the montant subassembly sets up on the bottom surface of baffle, the gyro wheel rotates and sets up on the bottom of montant subassembly, cam, gyro wheel cooperate each other.
Preferably, the montant subassembly includes first montant and second montant, the second montant is fixed on the bottom surface of baffle, the top of first montant and the bottom fixed connection of second montant, the distance between second montant and the first pivot is less than the distance between first montant and the first pivot, be equipped with the uide bushing on the inner wall of second shell, first montant slides and sets up in the uide bushing.
Preferably, the transmission assembly includes a first bevel gear and a second bevel gear, the first bevel gear is disposed at a middle position of the second rotating shaft, the second bevel gear is fixed on a bottom end of the first rotating shaft, and the first bevel gear and the second bevel gear are engaged with each other.
Preferably, the baffle adopts the annular plate, the top surface rotation of annular plate is equipped with a plurality of stock guides, be equipped with the torsional spring between the bottom surface of stock guide and the top surface of annular plate, the stock guide slope is downward and towards the inner tube distribution, the top surface of stock guide is equipped with the electro-magnet, the stock guide can be adsorbed to the electro-magnet.
Preferably, the cross section of inner tube and first shell all adopts the loop configuration, the axis of inner tube and the coincidence of the axis of first shell, be equipped with a plurality of support piece between inner tube and the first shell, be equipped with the pan feeding mouth between the top of inner tube and first shell, the interior top surface of inner tube, interior bottom surface all are equipped with the fixing base, the vertical setting of heating member is between two fixing bases.
Preferably, air feed mechanism includes nitrogen gas source, hose, toroidal tube and arc, the toroidal tube sets up the periphery at first shell, the both ends of hose communicate with nitrogen gas source, toroidal tube respectively, arc and toroidal tube, flourishing material cavity intercommunication, the both ends of arc are located the top and the below of toroidal tube respectively.
In addition, the invention also provides a use method of the automatic drying, carbonizing and crushing device for the organic waste, which comprises the following steps:
and (3) feeding operation: pouring organic waste into the material containing chamber between the inner cylinder and the first shell from the material inlet;
nitrogen supply operation: starting a nitrogen source, wherein the nitrogen source conveys nitrogen in the hose into the hose, the nitrogen in the hose flows into the annular pipe, and the nitrogen in the annular pipe flows into the inner top and the inner bottom of the material containing chamber respectively through the two ends of the arc-shaped pipe after passing through the annular pipe, so that an anoxic environment is provided for carbonization operation;
drying operation: starting a heating element, wherein heat emitted by the heating element penetrates through the heat dissipation holes to enter the material containing chamber, so that organic waste in the material containing chamber is dried;
blanking operation: starting a rotary driving piece, wherein an output shaft of the rotary driving piece drives a cam to rotate, the cam drives a vertical rod assembly to move up and down through a roller, the vertical rod assembly drives a baffle to move up and down at the inner bottom of a material containing cavity, an electromagnet is started up and down, the electromagnet and a torsion spring drive a material guide plate to swing back and forth together, and the falling of organic waste is facilitated;
and (3) crushing operation: the output shaft of the rotary driving part rotates to drive the second crushing component to rotate, the second crushing component drives the first crushing component to rotate through the transmission component, wherein the first crushing component carries out primary crushing treatment on the organic waste after carbonization, and the second crushing component carries out secondary crushing treatment on the organic waste after carbonization.
As mentioned above, the automatic drying, carbonizing and crushing device for organic waste of the invention has at least the following beneficial effects:
1. when the device is used, organic waste to be carbonized is placed into the material containing cavity between the first shell and the inner cylinder from the material inlet, the nitrogen source is started simultaneously, nitrogen generated by the nitrogen source flows into the material containing cavity through the hose, the annular pipe and the arc pipe, so that an anoxic environment is provided for the carbonization of the organic waste, then the heating element is started, heat generated by the heating element penetrates through the heat dissipation holes and enters the organic waste, and the organic waste surrounds the heating element in an annular shape, so that the organic waste can be uniformly heated, the carbonization effect is improved, and the carbonization operation is facilitated;
2. the rotary driving piece is started, the rotary driving piece drives the cam to rotate through the second rotating shaft, the cam drives the roller to rotate and simultaneously move up and down, the roller drives the baffle to move up and down through the first vertical rod and the second vertical rod, after the baffle is separated from the material containing cavity downwards, carbonized organic waste falls down, meanwhile, the electromagnet is repeatedly started, the electromagnet and the torsion spring jointly drive the material guide plate to swing back and forth, so that the organic waste in the material containing cavity is loosened, the phenomenon of material clamping is avoided, and the operation efficiency is improved;
3. the carbomorphism organic waste that falls down in the second shell is in proper order by first broken subassembly, the broken processing of second broken subassembly, it is concrete, the output shaft of rotary driving piece drives the second pivot rotatory, the second pivot drives the broken stick of second rotatory, realize the second grade broken processing, the second pivot is through first bevel gear, the second bevel gear drives first pivot rotatory, first pivot drives first broken stick rotatory and carries out one-level broken processing, organic waste after the carbomorphism is in the in-process of whereabouts by one-level breakage and second grade breakage in proper order, improve crushing effect, eliminate the phenomenon of large granule carbide, avoid follow-up retreatment, resources are saved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a perspective view showing an automatic organic waste drying, carbonizing and crushing apparatus according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a perspective view of the apparatus for automatically drying, carbonizing and crushing organic waste according to the present invention (when the first and second casings are cut open).
Fig. 3 is a perspective view (another view when the first and second casings are cut away) of the automatic organic waste drying, carbonizing and crushing apparatus according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a perspective view showing the inside of a second casing in the automatic organic waste drying, carbonizing and crushing apparatus according to the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a front sectional view showing an automatic organic waste drying, carbonizing and crushing apparatus according to the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a perspective view showing the inside of a first housing in the automatic organic waste drying, carbonizing and crushing apparatus according to the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a main sectional view illustrating the inside of a first casing in the automatic organic waste drying, carbonizing and pulverizing apparatus according to the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a perspective view showing an inner cylinder in the automatic organic waste drying, carbonizing and crushing apparatus according to the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a main sectional view showing an inner cylinder in the automatic organic waste drying, carbonizing and crushing apparatus according to the present invention.
Fig. 10 is an enlarged view of the position of a guide plate in the automatic organic waste drying, carbonizing and pulverizing apparatus according to the present invention.
FIG. 11 is a main sectional view of a second embodiment of the automatic drying, carbonizing and crushing apparatus for organic waste according to the present invention.
Element number description: the device comprises a first shell 1, an inner barrel 11, a heat dissipation hole 111, a heating element 12, a fixed seat 121, a support element 13, a nitrogen source 21, a hose 22, an annular pipe 23, an arc-shaped pipe 24, a second shell 31, a base plate 311, a material guide component 32, a cam 321, a roller 322, a first vertical rod 323, a second vertical rod 324, a guide sleeve 325, a baffle 326, an electromagnet 3261, a torsion spring 3262, a material guide plate 3263, a first crushing component 33, a first rotating shaft 331, a first crushing rod 332, a transmission component 34, a first bevel gear 341, a second bevel gear 342, a second crushing component 35, a second rotating shaft 351, a second crushing rod 352, a rotary driving element 36, a material inlet 4, a top cover 41 and an exhaust pipe 42.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided for illustrative purposes, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the present disclosure.
Please refer to fig. 1 to 10. It should be understood that the structures, ratios, sizes, and the like shown in the drawings and described in the specification are only used for matching with the disclosure of the specification, so as to be understood and read by those skilled in the art, and are not used to limit the conditions under which the present invention can be implemented, so that the present invention has no technical significance, and any structural modification, ratio relationship change, or size adjustment should still fall within the scope of the present invention without affecting the efficacy and the achievable purpose of the present invention. In addition, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle" and "one" used in the present specification are for clarity of description, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and the relative relationship between the terms and the terms is not to be construed as a scope of the present invention.
The following examples are for illustrative purposes only. The various embodiments may be combined, and are not limited to what is presented in the following single embodiment.
The first embodiment is as follows:
referring to fig. 1-3, the present invention provides an apparatus for automatically drying, carbonizing and crushing organic waste, comprising: stoving mechanism, air feed mechanism and broken mechanism, stoving mechanism are used for drying organic waste, and stoving mechanism is fixed to be set up on broken mechanism's top, and air feed mechanism is used for providing the oxygen deficiency environment for organic waste, and air feed mechanism and stoving mechanism communicate each other, and broken mechanism is used for the organic waste after the broken carbomorphism. During the use, put into stoving mechanism to the organic waste of pending, open air feed mechanism simultaneously, air feed mechanism provides the oxygen deficiency environment for stoving mechanism, then stoving mechanism heating stoving its inside organic waste to the organic waste in the stoving mechanism of carbomorphism, then start crushing mechanism, the organic waste after the carbomorphism falls into crushing mechanism, crushing mechanism breaks into tiny granule organic waste, so that follow-up processing into environment friendly material to kibbling carbomorphism organic waste, alleviate the pollution to the environment.
Referring to fig. 6-9, the drying mechanism includes a first housing 1, an inner cylinder 11, and a heating element 12, the first housing 1 is fixed on the top end of the crushing mechanism, wherein the bottom end of the first housing 1 and the top end of the crushing mechanism are welded and fixed, the inner cylinder 11 is located inside the first housing 1, the inner cylinder 11 and the first housing 1 are both made of high temperature resistant heat insulating material, specifically, the inner cylinder 11 is located at the center position inside the first housing 1, a material containing chamber is formed between the inner cylinder 11 and the first housing 1, the cross section of the material containing chamber is in a circular ring structure, the material containing chamber is used for containing organic waste, the material containing chamber is communicated with the air supply mechanism, the heating element 12 is installed inside the inner cylinder 11, specifically, the inner top surface and the inner bottom surface of the inner cylinder 11 are both provided with fixing seats 121, the heating element 12 is vertically arranged between the two fixing seats 121, the fixing seats 121 are made of heat resistant material, the heating member 12 adopts the electric heat bar, wherein, electric heat bar and temperature controller electric connection, the temperature controller has a plurality of regulation gears, control the electric heat bar through the temperature controller during use, thereby realize heating temperature's many gears and adjust, the power that generates heat that specific fender position was adjusted and can be passed through the electric hot plate carries out temperature regulation, can also carry out temperature adjustment through the quantity of opening of electric heat bar, closed-loop control for the regulation, can also set up temperature sensor, through the control of temperature, realized the gear that can pass through adjustment temperature, realize the adaptation to different carbomorphism temperatures, the carbomorphism produces the carbon material of different performance under the different temperatures. Two fixing bases 121 can be firm fix heating member 12, avoid empting, a plurality of louvres 111 have been seted up on the lateral wall of inner tube 11, the cross section of louvre 111 adopts circular structure, a plurality of louvres 111 are along the lateral wall evenly distributed of inner tube 11, the cross section of inner tube 11 and first shell 1 all adopts the loop configuration, the axis of inner tube 11 and the axis coincidence of first shell 1, be equipped with a plurality of support piece 13 between inner tube 11 and the first shell 1, support piece 13 is used for fixing inner tube 11 and first shell 1 together, be equipped with pan feeding mouth 4 between the top of inner tube 11 and first shell 1, pan feeding mouth 4 adopts the back taper structure, in order to do benefit to the whereabouts of organic waste.
When the device is used, organic waste is firstly pre-crushed in a pre-working procedure, then the pre-crushed organic waste is placed into the feeding port 4, the pre-crushed organic waste can be directly placed into the feeding port 4 aiming at the originally small organic raw materials, and technicians in the field can adjust the pre-crushing procedure according to requirements, specifically how to realize the pre-crushing, can adopt the existing automatic equipment for pre-treatment, also can adopt manual treatment, and the pre-crushing procedure is not limited. Organic waste in pan feeding mouth 4 rolls down under the action of gravity and enters into the flourishing material cavity between inner tube 11 and the first shell 1, then start heating member 12, heating member 12 radiates out the heat to the external radiation, the heat passes the even external radiation of a plurality of louvre 111, the heat radiation enters into flourishing material cavity in, thereby the inside organic waste of flourishing material cavity of stoving, wherein, the even radiation of heat enters into the inside of flourishing material cavity, can make organic waste be heated evenly, improve the carbomorphism effect, do benefit to the carbomorphism operation.
Referring to fig. 1-3, the gas supply mechanism includes a nitrogen source 21, a flexible pipe 22, an annular pipe 23 and an arc pipe 24, the annular pipe 23 is disposed at the periphery of the first housing 1, the center of the annular pipe 23 is located on the axis of the first housing 1, two ends of the flexible pipe 22 are respectively communicated with the nitrogen source 21 and the annular pipe 23, the arc pipe 24 is communicated with the annular pipe 23 and the material containing chamber, two ends of the arc pipe 24 are respectively located above and below the annular pipe 23, specifically, the top end and the bottom end of the arc pipe 24 are symmetrically distributed with respect to the annular pipe 23, and both the arc pipe 24 and the annular pipe 23 are made of hard alloy to improve strength. During the use, open nitrogen source 21, in the pump in the nitrogen source 21 enters into hose 22 to its inside nitrogen gas, in hose 22's nitrogen gas flows and enters into ring pipe 23, in the nitrogen gas flow in the ring pipe 23 enters into arc pipe 24, in the nitrogen gas flow in the arc pipe 24 enters into flourishing material cavity to provide an oxygen deficiency environment for flourishing material cavity, do benefit to organic waste's oxygen deficiency high temperature pyrolysis, thereby carbomorphism organic waste.
Referring to fig. 2-5, the crushing mechanism includes a second housing 31, a first crushing assembly 33, a second crushing assembly 35 and a transmission assembly 34, a bottom plate 311 and a discharge pipe are disposed at a bottom end of the second housing 31, a crushing chamber is formed between the second housing 31 and the bottom plate 311, a rotary driving member 36 is disposed on an outer wall of the second housing 31, the rotary driving member 36 is a motor, specifically, a motor mounting rack is fixed on an outer wall of the second housing 31, the motor is mounted on the motor mounting rack, the first crushing assembly 33, the second crushing assembly 35 and the transmission assembly 34 are all disposed inside the second housing 31, the first crushing assembly 33 is located right above the second crushing assembly 35, a bottom end of the first crushing assembly 33 faces a middle position of the second crushing assembly 35, an output shaft of the rotary driving member 36 is connected to the second crushing assembly 35, the second crushing assembly 35 drives the first crushing assembly 33 to rotate through the transmission assembly 34, specifically, the transmission assembly 34 includes a first bevel gear 341 and a second bevel gear 342, the first bevel gear 341 is disposed at a middle position of the second rotating shaft 351, the second bevel gear 342 is fixed on a bottom end of the first rotating shaft 331, and the first bevel gear 341 and the second bevel gear 342 are engaged with each other, wherein the first bevel gear 341 and the second bevel gear 342 are both straight bevel gears.
During the use, start rotary driving piece 36, rotary driving piece 36's output shaft drives the broken subassembly 35 of second rotatory, the broken subassembly 35 of second can carry out the second grade crushing to the organic waste after the carbomorphism, the broken subassembly 35 of second drives first bevel gear 341 rotatory, first bevel gear 341 drives second bevel gear 342 rotatory, second bevel gear 342 drives first broken subassembly 33 rotatory, first broken subassembly 33 can carry out one-level crushing to the organic waste after the carbomorphism, promptly: organic waste after the carbomorphism is carried out one-level crushing treatment by first broken subassembly 33 earlier at the in-process of whereabouts in broken cavity, then carry out second grade crushing treatment by second broken subassembly 35 again, thereby organic waste after effectual broken carbomorphism, organic waste after being broken completely falls into the top of chassis 311, then take out from the discharging pipe can, concretely, the outer end intercommunication of discharging pipe is equipped with the dust absorption pump, start the dust absorption pump, thereby produce the negative pressure in the dust absorption pump and follow the suction of discharging pipe to the powdered organic waste on chassis 311 top, realize ejection of compact operation.
Referring to fig. 3 to 5, the first crushing assembly 33 includes a first rotating shaft 331 and a first crushing rod 332, the first rotating shaft 331 is vertically disposed on an outer bottom surface of the inner cylinder 11 through a bearing, the first crushing rod 332 is fixed on the first rotating shaft 331, the number of the first crushing rod 332 is plural, the plural first crushing rods 332 are distributed along a length direction of the first rotating shaft 331, a cross section of the first crushing rod 332 is a circular structure, and a first distance is left between two adjacent first crushing rods 332. Meanwhile, the second crushing assembly 35 includes a second rotating shaft 351 and a plurality of second crushing rods 352, the second rotating shaft 351 is horizontally arranged at the inner bottom of the second housing 31 through a bearing, one end of the second rotating shaft 351 is connected with an output shaft of the rotary driving member 36 through a coupler, the plurality of second crushing rods 352 are distributed along the length direction of the second rotating shaft 351, the cross section of each second crushing rod 352 is of a circular structure, a second interval is reserved between two adjacent second crushing rods 352, and the second interval is smaller than the first interval.
During the use, start rotary driving member 36, rotary driving member 36's output shaft drives second pivot 351 rotatory around the horizontal axis, second pivot 351 drives a plurality of second broken stick 352 and winds second pivot 351 circumferential direction, a plurality of second broken stick 352 carries out second grade crushing treatment to the organic waste after the carbomorphism, second pivot 351 drives second bevel gear 342 and rotates, second bevel gear 342 drives first bevel gear 341 rotatory, first bevel gear 341 drives first pivot 331 and winds vertical axis rotatoryly, first pivot 331 drives a plurality of first broken stick 332 and winds first pivot 331 circumferential direction, a plurality of first broken stick 332 carry out one-level crushing treatment to the organic waste after the carbomorphism, also: in the process of the organic waste whereabouts after the carbomorphism, carry out first grade crushing treatment by a plurality of first broken stick 332 earlier, then carry out second grade crushing treatment by a plurality of second broken stick 352, wherein, the design that the second interval is less than first interval can ensure that the organic waste after the carbomorphism is broken in advance earlier, then is refined crushing treatment to improve crushing effect, eliminate the phenomenon of large granule carbide, avoid follow-up retreatment, resources are saved.
Referring to fig. 3-5, a material guiding assembly 32 is disposed between the second crushing assembly 35 and the bottom of the material containing chamber, specifically, the material guiding assembly 32 includes two cams 321, rollers 322, a vertical rod assembly and a baffle 326, the cams 321 are disposed on the second rotating shaft 351, the two cams 321 are disposed at two ends of the second rotating shaft 351, the baffle 326 is movably disposed at the bottom of the material containing chamber, the vertical rod assembly is disposed on a bottom surface of the baffle 326, the rollers 322 are rotatably disposed at a bottom end of the vertical rod assembly, the cams 321 and the rollers 322 are matched with each other, specifically, the vertical rod assembly includes a first vertical rod 323 and a second vertical rod 324, the second vertical rod 324 is fixed on the bottom surface of the baffle 326, a top end of the first vertical rod 323 is fixedly connected with a bottom end of the second vertical rod 324, a top end of the first vertical rod 323 is connected with a bottom end of the second vertical rod 324 in an arc transition manner to improve connection strength, the distance between second montant 324 and first pivot 331 is less than the distance between first montant 323 and the first pivot 331, the distance between first montant 323 and the first pivot 331 is used for holding a plurality of broken sticks 332, avoid first broken stick 332 rotatory time and first montant 323 to bump, be equipped with uide bushing 325 on the inner wall of second shell 31, first montant 323 slides and sets up in uide bushing 325, specifically speaking, be fixed with the fixed block on the inner wall of second shell 31, uide bushing 325 is fixed on the inner of fixed block.
During the use, second pivot 351 is rotatory around horizontal axis, second pivot 351 drives two cams 321 and revolves around second pivot 351, second pivot 351 drives gyro wheel 322 rotatory, gyro wheel 322 drives montant subassembly reciprocating motion from top to bottom simultaneously, it is specific, gyro wheel 322 drives first montant 323 reciprocal reciprocating motion, first montant 323 drives second montant 324 reciprocal reciprocating motion, the top of second montant 324 drives baffle 326 reciprocal reciprocating motion, after baffle 326 breaks away from the bottom of flourishing material cavity completely, the organic waste in the flourishing material cavity drops downwards, thereby the blanking of intermittent type formula, avoid broken mechanism card to die, the organic waste of whereabouts drops and enters into broken mechanism in, in order to carry out its broken handle.
Referring to fig. 10, the baffle 326 is an annular plate, a plurality of guide plates 3263 are rotatably disposed on the top surface of the annular plate, the bottom ends of the guide plates 3263 are rotatably connected to the top surface of the annular plate by hinges, a torsion spring 3262 is disposed between the bottom surface of the guide plates 3263 and the top surface of the annular plate, the torsion spring 3262 has a torsion force to urge the guide plates 3263 to return to an initial position, the guide plates 3263 are inclined downward and distributed toward the inner barrel 11, an electromagnet 3261 is disposed on the top surface of the guide plates 3263, the electromagnet 3261 can attract the guide plates 3263, specifically, the guide plates 3263 are made of metal, and the top surface of the guide plates 3263 is a smooth plane. When the organic waste needs to be discharged after carbonization is finished, the electromagnet 3261 is started in a reciprocating mode, the electromagnet 3261 can adsorb the guide plate 3263 in a reciprocating mode, meanwhile, the torsion spring 3262 can make the guide plate 3263 restore to the initial position in a reciprocating mode, namely, under the action of the electromagnet 3261 and the torsion spring 3262, the guide plate 3263 swings in a reciprocating mode to loosen the organic waste in the material containing cavity, so that the organic waste in the material containing cavity falls conveniently, the phenomenon of material clamping is avoided, and the operation efficiency is improved.
Example two:
the difference between the present embodiment and the first embodiment is: referring to fig. 11, a top cover 41 is detachably disposed at the top end of the material inlet 4, a sealing ring is disposed between the top end of the material inlet 4 and the bottom end of the top cover 41, the top cover 41 is made of a high temperature resistant heat insulating material, an exhaust pipe 42 is communicated with the top cover 41, and a suction pump is disposed at the other end of the exhaust pipe 42. During the use, cover top cap 41 on the top of pan feeding mouth 4, top cap 41 can play sealed effect on the top of pan feeding mouth 4, avoid the nitrogen gas in the material containing chamber to reveal from the top of pan feeding mouth 4, after using, start the aspirator pump of the blast pipe 42 other end, the aspirator pump produces the negative pressure and takes out the carbon monoxide that organic waste in the material containing chamber produced at the carbomorphism process through blast pipe 42, then collect the carbon monoxide of taking out and get up the centralized processing, avoid discharging into in the air, ensure that the air is pollution-free, nitrogen gas also can be followed and is discharged together in the blast pipe 42 simultaneously.
In addition, the invention also provides a use method of the automatic drying, carbonizing and crushing device for the organic waste, which comprises the following steps:
and (3) feeding operation: pouring organic waste into the material containing chamber between the inner barrel 11 and the first shell 1 from the material inlet 4;
nitrogen supply operation: starting the nitrogen source 21, conveying nitrogen in the nitrogen source 21 into the hose 22, enabling the nitrogen in the hose 22 to flow into the annular pipe 23, enabling the nitrogen in the annular pipe 23 to flow into the inner top and the inner bottom of the material containing chamber respectively through the two ends of the arc-shaped pipe 24 after passing through the annular pipe 23, and accordingly providing an anoxic environment for carbonization operation;
drying operation: starting the heating element 12, wherein heat emitted by the heating element 12 passes through the heat dissipation holes 111 and enters the material containing chamber, so that organic waste in the material containing chamber is dried;
blanking operation: the rotary driving part 36 is started, an output shaft of the rotary driving part 36 drives the cam 321 to rotate, the cam 321 drives the vertical rod assembly to move up and down through the roller 322, the vertical rod assembly drives the baffle 326 to move up and down at the inner bottom of the material containing cavity, the electromagnet 3261 is started in a reciprocating mode, and the electromagnet 3261 and the torsion spring 3262 together drive the material guide plate 3263 to swing in a reciprocating mode, so that the organic waste can fall conveniently;
and (3) crushing operation: rotatory second broken subassembly 35 that drives of rotary driving piece 36's output shaft is rotatory, and second broken subassembly 35 drives first broken subassembly 33 through drive assembly 34 and rotates, and wherein, first broken subassembly 33 carries out one-level crushing treatment to the organic waste after the carbomorphism, and second broken subassembly 35 carries out second grade crushing treatment to the organic waste after the carbomorphism.
In summary, when the invention is used, organic waste to be carbonized is put into the material holding chamber between the first shell 1 and the inner cylinder 11 from the material inlet 4, the nitrogen source 21 is simultaneously turned on, nitrogen generated by the nitrogen source 21 flows into the material holding chamber through the hose 22, the annular pipe 23 and the arc pipe 24, so as to provide an oxygen-deficient environment for the carbonization of the organic waste, then the heating element 12 is started, heat generated by the heating element 12 passes through the heat dissipation holes 111 and enters the organic waste, and the organic waste surrounds the heating element 12 in an annular shape, so that the organic waste is uniformly heated, the carbonization effect is improved, and the carbonization operation is facilitated;
the rotary driving part 36 is started, the rotary driving part 36 drives the cam 321 to rotate through the second rotating shaft 351, the cam 321 drives the roller 322 to rotate and move up and down, the roller 322 drives the baffle 326 to move up and down through the first vertical rod 323 and the second vertical rod 324, after the baffle 326 is separated from the material containing cavity downwards, the carbonized organic waste falls down, and meanwhile, the electromagnet 3261 is repeatedly started, the electromagnet 3261 and the torsion spring 3262 together drive the material guide plate 3263 to swing back and forth, so that the organic waste in the material containing cavity is loosened, the phenomenon of material blockage is avoided, and the operation efficiency is improved;
the carbomorphism organic waste that falls down in the second shell 31 is in proper order by first broken subassembly 33, the broken processing of second broken subassembly 35 carries out broken treatment, it is specific, the output shaft of rotary driving piece 36 drives second pivot 351 rotatory, second pivot 351 drives the broken stick 352 of second rotatory, realize second grade broken treatment, second pivot 351 is through first bevel gear 341, second bevel gear 342 drives first pivot 331 rotatory, first pivot 331 drives first broken stick 332 rotatory one-level broken treatment that carries out, organic waste after the carbomorphism is in the in-process of whereabouts by one-level breakage and second grade breakage in proper order, improve crushing effect, eliminate the phenomenon of large granule carbide, avoid follow-up retreatment, resources are saved. Therefore, the invention effectively overcomes various defects in the prior art and has high industrial utilization value.
The foregoing embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and utilities of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Any person skilled in the art can modify or change the above-mentioned embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Accordingly, it is intended that all equivalent modifications or changes which can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical spirit of the present invention be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides an automatic drying, carbonizing and crushing device of organic waste, its characterized in that, automatic drying, carbonizing and crushing device of organic waste includes: the device comprises a drying mechanism, an air supply mechanism and a crushing mechanism, wherein the drying mechanism is used for drying organic waste, the drying mechanism is fixedly arranged at the top end of the crushing mechanism, the air supply mechanism is used for providing an oxygen-deficient environment for the organic waste, the air supply mechanism is communicated with the drying mechanism, and the crushing mechanism is used for crushing the carbonized organic waste;
the drying mechanism comprises a first shell (1), an inner cylinder (11) and a heating element (12), the first shell (1) is fixed at the top end of the crushing mechanism, the inner cylinder (11) is located inside the first shell (1), a material containing cavity is formed between the inner cylinder (11) and the first shell (1) and used for containing organic waste and communicated with an air supply mechanism, the heating element (12) is installed inside the inner cylinder (11), and a plurality of heat dissipation holes (111) are formed in the side wall of the inner cylinder (11);
the crushing mechanism comprises a second shell (31), a first crushing assembly (33), a second crushing assembly (35) and a transmission assembly (34), a rotary driving piece (36) is arranged on the outer wall of the second shell (31), the first crushing assembly (33), the second crushing assembly (35) and the transmission assembly (34) are all arranged inside the second shell (31), the first crushing assembly (33) is located right above the second crushing assembly (35), an output shaft of the rotary driving piece (36) is connected with the second crushing assembly (35), the second crushing assembly (35) drives the first crushing assembly (33) to rotate through the transmission assembly (34), and a material guide assembly (32) is arranged between the second crushing assembly (35) and the material containing cavity;
the first crushing assembly (33) comprises a first rotating shaft (331) and first crushing rods (332), the first rotating shaft (331) is vertically arranged on the outer bottom surface of the inner barrel (11) through a bearing, the first crushing rods (332) are fixed on the first rotating shaft (331), the number of the first crushing rods (332) is multiple, the multiple first crushing rods (332) are distributed along the length direction of the first rotating shaft (331), and a first distance is reserved between every two adjacent first crushing rods (332);
the second crushing assembly (35) comprises a second rotating shaft (351) and a plurality of second crushing rods (352), the second rotating shaft (351) is horizontally arranged at the inner bottom of the second shell (31) through a bearing, one end of the second rotating shaft (351) is connected with an output shaft of the rotary driving piece (36) through a coupler, the plurality of second crushing rods (352) are distributed along the length direction of the second rotating shaft (351), a second distance is reserved between every two adjacent second crushing rods (352), and the second distance is smaller than the first distance;
the material guide assembly (32) comprises a cam (321), an idler wheel (322), a vertical rod assembly and a baffle plate (326), the cam (321) is arranged on a second rotating shaft (351), the baffle plate (326) is movably arranged at the bottom of the material containing chamber, the vertical rod assembly is arranged on the bottom surface of the baffle plate (326), the idler wheel (322) is rotatably arranged at the bottom end of the vertical rod assembly, and the cam (321) and the idler wheel (322) are matched with each other;
baffle (326) adopt the annular plate, the top surface rotation of annular plate is equipped with a plurality of stock guides (3263), be equipped with torsional spring (3262) between the bottom surface of stock guide (3263) and the top surface of annular plate, stock guide (3263) slope is downwards and distribute towards inner tube (11), the top surface of stock guide (3263) is equipped with electro-magnet (3261), electro-magnet (3261) can adsorb stock guide (3263).
2. The automatic drying, carbonizing and crushing device for organic wastes according to claim 1, characterized in that: the montant subassembly includes first montant (323) and second montant (324), second montant (324) are fixed on the bottom surface of baffle (326), the top of first montant (323) and the bottom fixed connection of second montant (324), distance between second montant (324) and first pivot (331) is less than the distance between first montant (323) and first pivot (331), be equipped with uide bushing (325) on the inner wall of second shell (31), first montant (323) slide to set up in uide bushing (325).
3. The automatic drying, carbonizing and crushing device for organic wastes according to claim 2, characterized in that: the transmission assembly (34) includes a first bevel gear (341) and a second bevel gear (342), the first bevel gear (341) is disposed at a middle position of the second rotating shaft (351), the second bevel gear (342) is fixed on a bottom end of the first rotating shaft (331), and the first bevel gear (341) and the second bevel gear (342) are engaged with each other.
4. The automatic drying, carbonizing and crushing device for organic wastes according to claim 3, characterized in that: the cross section of inner tube (11) and first shell (1) all adopts the loop configuration, the axis of inner tube (11) and the axis coincidence of first shell (1), be equipped with a plurality of support piece (13) between inner tube (11) and first shell (1), be equipped with pan feeding mouth (4) between the top of inner tube (11) and first shell (1), the interior top surface of inner tube (11), interior bottom surface all are equipped with fixing base (121), heating member (12) vertical setting is between two fixing base (121).
5. The automatic organic waste drying, carbonizing and crushing device according to claim 4, characterized in that: air feed mechanism includes nitrogen gas source (21), hose (22), looped pipeline (23) and arc tube (24), looped pipeline (23) set up the periphery at first shell (1), the both ends of hose (22) communicate with nitrogen gas source (21), looped pipeline (23) respectively, arc tube (24) and looped pipeline (23), flourishing material cavity intercommunication, the both ends of arc tube (24) are located the top and the below of looped pipeline (23) respectively.
6. The use method of the automatic drying, carbonizing and crushing device for organic waste of claim 5 is characterized in that:
and (3) feeding operation: pouring organic waste into the material containing chamber between the inner cylinder (11) and the first shell (1) from the material inlet (4);
nitrogen supply operation: starting a nitrogen source (21), wherein the nitrogen source (21) conveys nitrogen in the nitrogen source into a hose (22), the nitrogen in the hose (22) flows into an annular pipe (23), and the nitrogen in the annular pipe (23) flows into the inner top and the inner bottom of the material containing chamber respectively through two ends of an arc pipe after passing through the annular pipe (23), so that an anoxic environment is provided for carbonization operation;
drying operation: starting a heating element (12), wherein heat emitted by the heating element (12) passes through a heat dissipation hole (111) and enters a material containing chamber, so that organic waste in the material containing chamber is dried;
blanking operation: starting a rotary driving part (36), wherein an output shaft of the rotary driving part (36) drives a cam (321) to rotate, the cam (321) drives a vertical rod component to move up and down through a roller (322), the vertical rod component drives a baffle (326) to move up and down at the inner bottom of a material containing cavity, an electromagnet (3261) is started in a reciprocating mode, the electromagnet (3261) and a torsion spring (3262) drive a material guide plate (3263) to swing in a reciprocating mode, and therefore falling of organic waste is facilitated;
and (3) crushing operation: the rotatory second broken subassembly (35) that drives of output shaft of rotatory driving piece (36) is rotatory, second broken subassembly (35) drive first broken subassembly (33) rotatory through drive assembly (34), wherein, first broken subassembly (33) carry out one-level crushing treatment to the organic waste after the carbomorphism, second broken subassembly (35) carry out second grade crushing treatment to the organic waste after the carbomorphism.
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