CN112210294A - Silicon carbide mildew-proof termite-proof coating, termite-proof wood and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Silicon carbide mildew-proof termite-proof coating, termite-proof wood and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a silicon carbide mildew-proof termite-proof coating, a termite-proof wood and a preparation method thereof. The termite-proof coating consists of SiC nanowires coated with hydrophobic modified silicon dioxide on the surface, polyorganosiloxane, a silane coupling agent, an emulsifier and water. The SiC nanowire with the surface coated with the hydrophobic modified silicon dioxide is obtained by dispersing SiC nanowire powder in absolute ethyl alcohol, then adding deionized water and ammonia water, then adding tetraethoxysilane, stirring for reaction to obtain the SiC nanowire with the surface coated with the silicon dioxide, then adding hydrophobic organic siloxane for continuous reaction, and then carrying out centrifugal separation, washing and drying. The termite-proof coating is dipped or coated on the surface of wood, and a high-wear-resistance coating with hydrophobic property on the surface can be obtained, so that the wood is endowed with good waterproof, moistureproof, mildewproof, nontoxic and termite-proof properties, and the function of reinforcing the wood can be achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wood protection, in particular to a silicon carbide mildew-proof termite-proof coating, a termite-proof wood and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Wood and bamboo are natural high molecular materials with excellent performance, and are widely applied to interior decoration, furniture manufacture, house construction and exterior decoration. However, during the use of wood, the life of wood is severely shortened by the invasion of organisms such as fungi and termites. Therefore, it is necessary to treat the wood to improve its ability to resist mold and termites, thereby prolonging its life and alleviating the problem of wood supply tension.
At present, the wood preservative is mainly used for resisting the invasion of fungi, termites and other organisms, meanwhile, the waterproof agent is used for reducing the deformation and cracking of wood, and the waterproof and moistureproof effects can be realized, so that the possibility that mildews can be corroded by the termites is reduced. The super-hydrophobic surface has the characteristics of water resistance, fog resistance, oxidation resistance, self-cleaning and the like, but the wood has a unique pore structure and complex chemical components, so that a proper super-hydrophobic coating and a proper process are required for realizing the super-hydrophobic function on the wood. Patent CN101234500B discloses a silicon carbide super-hydrophobic anticorrosion wood and a preparation method thereof, wherein micro-nano silicon, magnesium silicide and a catalyst are mixed and added into a mold for placing wood to be treated, the wood to be treated is submerged, then the wood is treated under high pressure for 2h to 10 h, the surface of the wood is taken out and exposed by a sander, and then the wood is placed into a press machine for hot pressing, so that the super-hydrophobic anticorrosion wood with a thin layer consisting of dense porous silicon carbide microspheres on the surface is obtained. However, the method has high requirement on the pressure bearing capacity of the wood, and the performance of the wood can be damaged in the high-pressure treatment and hot pressing processes.
SiC is the only stable compound of Si and C, has strong ionic covalent bond, has the properties of high hardness, thermal conductivity exceeding that of metallic copper, heat dispersion, very strong corrosion resistance, strong radiation resistance, high temperature resistance, good chemical stability and the like, and is hardly etched by any laboratory solvent at 1500 ℃. Theoretically, silicon carbide has an infinite number of different crystal morphologies, and more than 200 homogeneous and heterogeneous morphologies have been observed to date. Wherein, the 2H-SiC is a crystal form with the highest atom density and the lowest free energy in all silicon carbide allotropic isomers. SiC nanowires with a diameter larger than 10nm were found to be useful for the hydrophobicity of Si surfaces.
In view of the above, there is a need to design an improved silicon carbide mildew and termite resistant wood to solve the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a silicon carbide mildew-proof termite-proof coating, a termite-proof wood and a preparation method thereof. The SiC nanowire with the surface coated with the hydrophobic modified silicon dioxide is prepared into a coating, and the coating is coated on the surface of wood to obtain a high-wear-resistance coating with hydrophobic property on the surface, so that the wood is endowed with good waterproof, damp-proof, mildew-proof and termite-proof properties, and the function of reinforcing the wood can be achieved.
In order to realize the aim, the invention provides a preparation method of silicon carbide mildew-proof termite-proof coating, which comprises the following steps:
s1, coating a SiC nanowire with hydrophobic modified silicon dioxide on the surface: dispersing SiC nanowire powder in absolute ethyl alcohol, adding deionized water and ammonia water, heating to 40-80 ℃, adding tetraethoxysilane into a reaction system, stirring for reaction for 2-6 hours, adding hydrophobic organic siloxane which accounts for 5-15% of the mass of the tetraethoxysilane into the reaction system, continuing to react for 2-6 hours, and then carrying out centrifugal separation, washing and drying to obtain the SiC nanowire with the surface coated with the hydrophobic modified silicon dioxide;
s2, hydrophobic coating: and (4) mixing the SiC nanowire with the surface coated with the hydrophobic modified silicon dioxide obtained in the step (S1), polysiloxane, a silane coupling agent, an emulsifier and water according to a preset mass ratio to obtain the hydrophobic coating.
As a further improvement of the present invention, in step S1, the SiC nanowire powder has an H-type crystal form, and the content of 2H — SiC is higher than 80%.
As a further improvement of the invention, the SiC nanowire powder has the diameter of 50-100 nm and the length of 10-30 μm.
As a further improvement of the invention, the preparation method of the SiC nanowire powder comprises the following steps:
s11, adding glucose and polyvinyl alcohol serving as carbon sources into SiO2In 25-35% of silica sol by mass percent, and then carrying out vacuum freeze drying to obtain interpenetrating network porous gel;
wherein the mass ratio of the glucose to the polyvinyl alcohol is (1.5-3): 1, and the carbon source and the SiO2The mass ratio of (3-6) to (1);
s12, placing the interpenetrating network porous gel obtained in the step S11 in an inert atmosphere, and carbonizing at 750-850 ℃ for 2-5 h to obtain C-SiO2A precursor;
s13, then, calcining and reacting for 4-12 h at 1250-1550 ℃ in an inert atmosphere, cooling, taking out and grinding to obtain the SiC nanowire powder.
As a further improvement of the invention, in step S1, the hydrophobic organic siloxane includes but is not limited to one or more of alkyl trimethoxy silane, alkenyl trimethoxy silane and fluoro alkyl trimethoxy siloxane with 8-18 carbon atoms.
As a further improvement of the invention, in step S2, the preset mass ratio of the silicon carbide nanowires with the surfaces coated with the hydrophobic modified silicon dioxide, the polyorganosiloxane, the silane coupling agent, the emulsifier and the water is (20-40): (35-48): (2-8): (1-2.5): (15-30).
As a further improvement of the invention, the polyorganosiloxane is polyether modified silicone oil.
As a further improvement of the invention, the polyorganosiloxane is quaternary ammonium salinized polyether modified silicone oil.
The invention also provides a silicon carbide mildew-proof termite-proof coating which is prepared by adopting the preparation method.
The invention also provides a silicon carbide mildew and termite resistant wood, which is prepared by adopting the preparation method, or is obtained by carrying out dipping or coating treatment on the silicon carbide mildew and termite resistant coating.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention selects the silicon carbide nano wire with the surface coated with the hydrophobic modified silicon dioxide, the polyorganosiloxane, the silane coupling agent, the emulsifier and the water to form the hydrophobic coating, the SiC nano wire with the surface coated with the hydrophobic modified silicon dioxide is modified by the hydrophobic organosiloxane, and the hydrophobic coating and the polyether modified silicon nano wireThe oil and silane coupling agents have good compatibility, and can be crosslinked to form a film structure after being coated, so that the wear resistance and hardness of the coating are improved; SiC nanowire surface coated with SiO2The particles have a micro-nano structure and can endow the micro-nano structure on the surface of the coating, and the hydrophobic modification on the surface and the hydrophobic properties of the polyorganosiloxane and the silane coupling agent can obtain the high-wear-resistance coating with hydrophobic property on the surface, and the coating can effectively prevent the damage of termites and is green and nontoxic. The termite-proof coating is dipped or coated on the surface of wood, and a high-wear-resistance coating with hydrophobic property on the surface can be obtained, so that the wood is endowed with good waterproof, moistureproof, mildewproof and termite-proof properties, the effect of reinforcing the wood can be achieved, and the service life of the wood is obviously prolonged.
2. The SiC nanowire powder is dispersed in absolute ethyl alcohol, then tetraethoxysilane is added to carry out hydrolytic condensation, and the SiC nanowire directly grows on the surface of the SiC nanowire, so that the SiC nanowire with silicon dioxide loaded on the surface is obtained, and then hydrophobic organic siloxane is added to carry out hydrophobic modification.
3. The method takes glucose and polyvinyl alcohol as carbon sources, and carries out vacuum freeze drying, so that interpenetrating network porous gel can be formed with silica sol and then carbonized, and the interpenetrating network porous structure is favorable for accelerating the carbonization rate and C-SiO2The uniformity of the precursor is realized, and then the calcination is carried out, so that the growth of a 2H-SiC crystal form is facilitated, and the wear resistance and hardness of the coating can be obviously improved.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.
It should be noted that, in order to avoid obscuring the present invention with unnecessary details, only the structures and/or processing steps closely related to the scheme of the present invention are shown in the specific embodiments, and other details not closely related to the present invention are omitted.
In addition, it is also to be noted that the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
The invention provides a preparation method of silicon carbide mildew-proof termite-proof coating, which comprises the following steps:
s1, coating a SiC nanowire with hydrophobic modified silicon dioxide on the surface: dispersing SiC nanowire powder in absolute ethyl alcohol, adding deionized water and ammonia water, heating to 40-80 ℃, adding tetraethoxysilane into a reaction system, stirring to react for 2-6 hours, adding hydrophobic organic siloxane which accounts for 5-15% of the mass of the tetraethoxysilane into the reaction system, continuing to react for 2-6 hours, and then carrying out centrifugal separation, washing and drying to obtain the SiC nanowire with the surface coated with the hydrophobic modified silicon dioxide.
Wherein the mass ratio of the SiC nanowire powder to the tetraethoxysilane is (0.5-1.5): 1, and the addition amounts of the deionized water and the ammonia water are respectively 2-8% of the volume of the absolute ethyl alcohol.
The hydrophobic organic siloxane comprises but is not limited to one or more of alkyl trimethoxy silane, alkenyl trimethoxy silane and fluoro alkyl trimethoxy siloxane with 8-18 carbon atoms. Such as dodecyl trimethoxysilane, perfluorooctyl trimethoxysilane, and the like.
The reaction principle of the step is as follows: the tetraethoxysilane is subjected to hydrolytic condensation under the action of deionized water and ammonia water to form three-dimensional SiO2Network structure, and is attached to the surface of SiC nanowire, and the SiO after the reaction is finished2The outer layer contains a large amount of silicon hydroxyl, hydrophobic organic siloxane is added, alkoxy on the molecule is hydrolyzed to obtain silicon hydroxyl, and then the silicon hydroxyl and SiO are mixed2And dehydrating and condensing the outer silicon hydroxyl group to obtain the SiC nanowire coated with the hydrophobic modified silicon dioxide on the surface.
The crystal form of SiC in the SiC nanowire powder is preferably H-type, the content of 2H-SiC is higher than 80%, the diameter of the SiC nanowire powder is 50-100 nm, and the length of the SiC nanowire powder is 10-30 mu m. The SiC nanowires with the structure are more beneficial to improving the wear resistance and the firmness of subsequent coatings.
The preparation method of the SiC nanowire powder comprises the following steps:
s11, adding glucose and polyvinyl alcohol serving as carbon sources into SiO2In 25-35% of silica sol by mass percent, and then carrying out vacuum freeze drying to obtain interpenetrating network porous gel;
wherein the mass ratio of the glucose to the polyvinyl alcohol is (1.5-3): 1, and the carbon source and the SiO2The mass ratio of (3-6) to (1); the vacuum freeze drying temperature is-80-40 ℃, and the time is 4-8 h.
S12, placing the interpenetrating network porous gel obtained in the step S11 in an inert atmosphere (such as nitrogen, argon and the like), and carbonizing at 750-850 ℃ for 2-5 h to obtain C-SiO2A precursor;
s13, then, calcining and reacting for 4-12 h at 1250-1550 ℃ in an inert atmosphere, cooling, taking out and grinding to obtain the SiC nanowire powder.
Glucose and polyvinyl alcohol are used as carbon sources, vacuum freeze drying is carried out, interpenetrating network porous gel can be formed with silica sol, carbonization is carried out, and the interpenetrating network porous structure is beneficial to accelerating the carbonization rate and C-SiO2The uniformity of the precursor is realized, and then the calcination is carried out, which is beneficial to the growth of the 2H-SiC crystal form.
S2, hydrophobic coating: and (4) mixing the SiC nanowire with the surface coated with the hydrophobic modified silicon dioxide obtained in the step (S1), polysiloxane, a silane coupling agent, an emulsifier and water according to a preset mass ratio to obtain the hydrophobic coating.
Wherein the preset mass ratio of the silicon carbide nanowire with the surface coated with the hydrophobic modified silicon dioxide, the polyorganosiloxane, the silane coupling agent, the emulsifier and the water is (20-40): (35-48): (2-8): (1-2.5): (15-30). The polyorganosiloxane is preferably a polyether-modified silicone oil. The polyorganosiloxane is more preferably a quaternized polyether-modified silicone oil. The emulsifier can be selected from alkyl sulfonate, polyoxyethylene ether, etc., but is not limited thereto.
By adopting the technical scheme, the SiC nanowire coated with the hydrophobic modified silicon dioxide is modified by the hydrophobic organic siloxane, has good compatibility with polyether modified silicone oil and a silane coupling agent, can be mutually crosslinked to form a film structure after being coated, and improves the wear resistance and hardness of the coating; SiC nanowire surface coated with SiO2The particles have a micro-nano structure and can endow the micro-nano structure on the surface of the coating, and the hydrophobic modification on the surface and the hydrophobic properties of the polyorganosiloxane and the silane coupling agent can obtain the high-wear-resistance coating with hydrophobic property on the surface, and the coating can effectively prevent the damage of termites and is green and nontoxic.
The invention also provides a silicon carbide mildew-proof termite-proof coating which is prepared by adopting the preparation method.
The invention also provides a silicon carbide mildew and termite resistant wood, which is prepared by adopting the preparation method, or is obtained by carrying out dipping or coating treatment on the silicon carbide mildew and termite resistant coating. The treated wood has good waterproof, moistureproof, mildewproof, nontoxic and termite-proof performances, is green and nontoxic, and can be widely used in the fields of buildings, furniture and the like.
Example 1
The preparation method of the silicon carbide mildew-proof termite-proof coating comprises the following steps:
s1, coating a SiC nanowire with hydrophobic modified silicon dioxide on the surface: dispersing SiC nanowire powder (purchased commercially) in absolute ethyl alcohol (10g/L), then adding deionized water and ammonia water, heating to 70 ℃, adding tetraethoxysilane into a reaction system, stirring for reaction for 4 hours, adding perfluorooctyl trimethoxysilane accounting for 10% of the mass of the tetraethoxysilane into the reaction system, continuing to react for 3 hours, and then carrying out centrifugal separation, washing and drying to obtain the SiC nanowire with the surface coated with the hydrophobic modified silicon dioxide; wherein the mass ratio of the SiC nanowire powder to the tetraethoxysilane is 1:1, and the addition amounts of the deionized water and the ammonia water are respectively 4% of the volume of the absolute ethyl alcohol.
S2, hydrophobic coating: and (4) mixing the SiC nanowire with the surface coated with the hydrophobic modified silicon dioxide obtained in the step (S1), quaternary ammonium salinized polyether modified silicone oil, KH550, sodium dodecyl sulfate and water according to a preset mass ratio of 30:40:6:1.5:22.5 to obtain the hydrophobic coating.
The silicon carbide mildew-proof termite-proof wood is prepared by coating the surface of the wood with the prepared super-hydrophobic coating, and preparing a silicon carbide hydrophobic coating with the thickness of about 100 mu m on the surface of the wood.
Example 2
Compared with the embodiment 1, the silicon carbide mildew-proof termite-proof coating is different in that the preparation method of the SiC nanowire powder comprises the following steps:
s11, adding glucose and polyvinyl alcohol serving as carbon sources into SiO2In 30% silica sol by mass, and then carrying out vacuum freeze drying (the vacuum freeze drying temperature is-50 ℃ and the time is 5 hours) to obtain interpenetrating network porous gel;
wherein the mass ratio of the glucose to the polyvinyl alcohol is 2:1, and the carbon source and the SiO are2The mass ratio of (A) to (B) is 4: 1;
s12, placing the interpenetrating network porous gel obtained in the step S11 in a nitrogen atmosphere, and carbonizing for 3 hours at 800 ℃ to obtain C-SiO2A precursor;
s13, calcining and reacting for 6 hours at 1450 ℃ in a nitrogen atmosphere, cooling, taking out and grinding to obtain the SiC nanowire powder. The diameter is about 50 to 100nm and the length is about 10 to 30 μm.
The rest is substantially the same as that of embodiment 1, and will not be described herein.
Examples 3 and 4
Compared with the example 2, the silicon carbide mildew and termite resistant coating provided by the examples 3 and 4 is different in that the preset mass ratio of the SiC nanowire with the surface coated with the hydrophobic modified silicon dioxide to the quaternary ammonium salinated polyether modified silicone oil, KH550, sodium dodecyl sulfate and water is 20:48:2:2.5:27.5 and 40:35:8:1:16 respectively. The rest is substantially the same as that of embodiment 1, and will not be described herein.
Hardness was tested according to the GB/T6739-2006 pencil method. According to a method for testing the wear resistance of a paint film specified by the standard according to the national standard GB1768- (79)88, a coating wear resistance instrument is adopted, the number of grinding coating revolutions of a rubber grinding wheel reaches 1000 revolutions under a certain load, and the quality loss of the paint film is tested. According to the standard GB/T1741-2007 test sample mould resistance, the 0 grade represents that no obvious mould growth occurs under the magnification of about 50 times; grade 1 indicates that no mildew can be seen or hardly seen by the naked eyes, but obvious mildew can be seen under a magnifier, grade 2 indicates that the mildew can be seen by the naked eyes, and the coverage area of the surface of the sample is 10-30%. The termite resistance was tested according to standard GB/T18260-2015, with 10 grades indicating intact and no decay; grade 9.5 indicates light trace corrosion, 1-2 ant roads or corrosion traces; grade 9 indicates slight decay, and the cross-sectional area has no more than 3% obvious decay; grade 8 indicates moderate corrosion, the cross-sectional area has 3% -10% corrosion, grade 8 indicates moderate corrosion, the cross-sectional area has 10% -30% corrosion, and so on.
Table 1 results of performance testing of examples 1-4
As can be seen from Table 1, the contact angle of the silicon carbide mildew-proof termite-proof coating prepared by the invention is more than 130 degrees, which shows that the hydrophobicity is better, so the mildew-proof grade is higher. The coating has better hardness and wear resistance, and the average termite-proof grade can reach 9.5, which shows that the coating can effectively prevent termite-damaged. Among them, the coating effect obtained by using the silicon carbide nanowires prepared by the preparation method provided by the present invention in example 2 is more excellent, which is probably because the present invention uses glucose and polyvinyl alcohol as carbon sources, and performs vacuum freeze-drying, and can form interpenetrating network porous gel with silica sol, and then performs carbonization, and the interpenetrating network porous structure is helpful for accelerating the carbonization rate and the C-SiO2The uniformity of the precursor is calcined, which is beneficial to the growth of the 2H-SiC crystal form, and the 2H-SiC crystal form is more beneficial to improving the hardness, the wear resistance and the termite resistance of the coating.
Examples 5 to 7 and comparative examples 1 to 2
The silicon carbide mildew and termite resistant coatings provided in examples 5-7 and comparative examples 1-2 are different from example 2 in that the mass ratio of glucose to polyvinyl alcohol is 2:1 as shown in table 2, and the rest is substantially the same as example 1, and are not repeated herein.
TABLE 2 preparation conditions and Performance test results of examples 5 to 7 and comparative examples 1 to 2
It can be seen from table 2 that the mass ratio of glucose and polyvinyl alcohol has an important effect on the properties of the SiC produced, and that the contact angle does not change much when the content of polyvinyl alcohol is too high or too low, but the hardness, wear resistance and termite resistance are reduced to different degrees. This is probably because when the content of the polyvinyl alcohol is too low, it is not favorable for the formation of interpenetrating network porous gel, and when the content of the polyvinyl alcohol is too high, oxygen atoms on the molecular chain may be oxidized during the calcination process, which may affect the growth of SiC. Therefore, the ratio of the carbon source needs to be selected appropriately to improve the coating performance.
Comparative example 3
Compared with the example 2, the silicon carbide mildew and termite resistant coating is different in that the hydrophobic coating does not contain SiC nanowires coated with hydrophobic modified silicon dioxide. The rest is substantially the same as that of embodiment 1, and will not be described herein.
Comparative example 4
Compared with the embodiment 2, the silicon carbide mildew-proof termite-proof coating is different in that the SiC nanowire with the surface coated with the hydrophobic modified silicon dioxide is replaced by the SiC nanowire. The rest is substantially the same as that of embodiment 1, and will not be described herein.
Comparative example 5
Compared with the embodiment 2, the silicon carbide mildew-proof termite-proof coating is different in that the SiC nanowire with the surface coated with the hydrophobic modified silicon dioxide is replaced by the SiC nanowire with the surface coated with the silicon dioxide, and the preparation method is correspondingly adjusted. The rest is substantially the same as that of embodiment 1, and will not be described herein.
TABLE 3 results of the Performance test of comparative examples 3 to 5
As can be seen from table 3, the contact angle, hardness, abrasion resistance and termite-proof rating were significantly reduced when the SiC nanowire having the surface-coated hydrophobic modified silica was not added (comparative example 3), the contact angle, hardness, abrasion resistance and termite-proof rating were slightly higher when the unmodified SiC nanowire was added (comparative example 4) than in comparative example 3, and the contact angle, hardness, abrasion resistance and termite-proof rating were slightly higher when the SiC nanowire having the surface-coated unmodified silica was added (comparative example 5) than in comparative example 4. Therefore, the SiC nano-wire plays an important role in improving the performance of the coating, and after the surface is coated with the silica particles, a micro-nano structure can be formed, so that the hydrophobic performance of the coating is improved. Furthermore, the silicon dioxide is subjected to hydrophobic modification, so that a micro-nano structure can be formed, the occurrence of surface agglomeration is reduced, and the crosslinking with polyether modified silicone oil and a silane coupling agent is facilitated, so that the hardness and the wear resistance of the coating are improved.
In conclusion, the hydrophobic coating is formed by the silicon carbide nanowires coated with the hydrophobic modified silicon dioxide on the surface, the polyorganosiloxane, the silane coupling agent, the emulsifier and the water, the SiC nanowires coated with the hydrophobic modified silicon dioxide on the surface are modified by the hydrophobic organosiloxane, the compatibility of the SiC nanowires with the polyether modified silicone oil and the silane coupling agent is good, and the SiC nanowires can be mutually crosslinked to form a film structure after being coated, so that the wear resistance and the hardness of the coating are improved; SiC nanowire surface coated with SiO2The particles have a micro-nano structure and can endow the micro-nano structure on the surface of the coating, and the hydrophobic modification on the surface and the hydrophobic properties of the polyorganosiloxane and the silane coupling agent can obtain the high-wear-resistance coating with hydrophobic property on the surface, and the coating can effectively prevent the damage of termites and is green and nontoxic. The termite-proof coating is dipped or coated on the surface of wood, and high wear resistance with hydrophobic surface can be obtainedThe coating endows the wood with good waterproof, moistureproof, mildewproof and termite-proof performances, can play a role in reinforcing the wood, and obviously prolongs the service life of the wood.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A preparation method of a silicon carbide mildew-proof termite-proof coating is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, coating a SiC nanowire with hydrophobic modified silicon dioxide on the surface: dispersing SiC nanowire powder in absolute ethyl alcohol, adding deionized water and ammonia water, heating to 40-80 ℃, adding tetraethoxysilane into a reaction system, stirring for reaction for 2-6 hours, adding hydrophobic organic siloxane which accounts for 5-15% of the mass of the tetraethoxysilane into the reaction system, continuing to react for 2-6 hours, and then carrying out centrifugal separation, washing and drying to obtain the SiC nanowire with the surface coated with the hydrophobic modified silicon dioxide;
s2, hydrophobic coating: and (4) mixing the SiC nanowire with the surface coated with the hydrophobic modified silicon dioxide obtained in the step (S1), polysiloxane, a silane coupling agent, an emulsifier and water according to a preset mass ratio to obtain the hydrophobic coating.
2. The preparation method of the silicon carbide mildew-proof termite-proof coating as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S1, the crystal form of SiC in the SiC nanowire powder is H type, and the content of 2H-SiC is higher than 80%.
3. The preparation method of the silicon carbide mildew-proof termite-proof coating as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the diameter of the SiC nanowire powder is 50-100 nm, and the length is 10-30 μm.
4. The preparation method of the silicon carbide mildew and termite resistant coating as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the preparation method of the SiC nanowire powder comprises the following steps:
s11, adding glucose and polyvinyl alcohol serving as carbon sources into SiO2In 25-35% of silica sol by mass percent, and then carrying out vacuum freeze drying to obtain interpenetrating network porous gel;
wherein the mass ratio of the glucose to the polyvinyl alcohol is (1.5-3): 1, and the carbon source and the SiO2The mass ratio of (3-6) to (1);
s12, placing the interpenetrating network porous gel obtained in the step S11 in an inert atmosphere, and carbonizing at 750-850 ℃ for 2-5 h to obtain C-SiO2A precursor;
s13, then, calcining and reacting for 4-12 h at 1250-1550 ℃ in an inert atmosphere, cooling, taking out and grinding to obtain the SiC nanowire powder.
5. The method for preparing the silicon carbide mildewproof and termite-proof coating as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S1, the hydrophobic organic siloxane includes but is not limited to one or more of alkyl trimethoxy silane, alkenyl trimethoxy silane and fluoro alkyl trimethoxy siloxane with 8-18 carbon atoms.
6. The method for preparing the silicon carbide mildew and termite resistant coating as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S2, the predetermined mass ratio of the silicon carbide nanowires with the surface coated with the hydrophobically modified silicon dioxide, the polyorganosiloxane, the silane coupling agent, the emulsifier and the water is (20-40): (35-48): (2-8): (1-2.5): (15-30).
7. The method for preparing the silicon carbide mildew and termite resistant coating as claimed in claim 6, wherein the polyorganosiloxane is polyether modified silicone oil.
8. The method for preparing the silicon carbide mildew and termite resistant coating as claimed in claim 7, wherein the polyorganosiloxane is quaternary ammonium salinized polyether modified silicone oil.
9. A silicon carbide mildew and termite resistant coating, which is prepared by the preparation method of any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. A silicon carbide mildew and termite resistant wood, characterized in that, the silicon carbide mildew and termite resistant paint prepared by the preparation method of any one of claims 1 to 8 or the silicon carbide mildew and termite resistant paint of claim 9 is obtained by dipping or coating treatment.
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