CN112208707A

CN112208707A - Ocean monitoring equipment

Info

Publication number: CN112208707A
Application number: CN202011133808.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 黄园园; 何凯敏; 崔海松; 马超; 黄升
Original assignee: Hangzhou Lujie Environmental Science And Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Hangzhou Lvjie Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-10-21
Filing date: 2020-10-21
Publication date: 2021-01-12
Anticipated expiration: 2040-10-21
Also published as: CN112208707B

Abstract

The invention discloses ocean monitoring equipment, which comprises a mother buoy and at least one sub-buoy, wherein all the sub-buoys are connected with the mother buoy, so that the mother buoy controls any sub-buoy to reciprocate between the mother buoy and a target position along a preset path, obviously all the sub-buoys realize unified management by virtue of the mother buoy, the loss of a single sub-buoy due to faults is avoided, the recovery is convenient, and the maintenance difficulty is naturally reduced.

Description

Ocean monitoring equipment

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of ocean detection, in particular to ocean monitoring equipment.

Background

In recent years, in order to meet the requirement of marine environment management, marine monitoring equipment is utilized to carry out water quality monitoring, navigation monitoring, biological monitoring and the like on oceans, so that powerful technical support is provided for marine environment protection, marine economic development and marine safety management.

However, the existing ocean detection equipment is mainly a buoy group composed of a plurality of ocean buoys, the ocean buoys are distributed in different areas, the monitoring area is large, the distribution range is wide, monitoring personnel dispersedly manage the ocean buoys, and when a single ocean buoy breaks down or is knocked down by a ship, the ocean buoy is easy to yaw or lose, so that the ocean buoy is difficult to recover, and the maintenance difficulty is high.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, an object of the present invention is to provide an ocean monitoring apparatus, in which a parent buoy controls any sub-buoy to move back and forth between the parent buoy and a target location along a preset path, so that the sub-buoys are convenient to recover, and the maintenance difficulty is low.

The specific scheme is as follows:

the ocean monitoring equipment provided by the invention comprises a mother buoy and at least one sub-buoy connected with the mother buoy; the parent buoy controls any child buoy to move back and forth between the parent buoy and the target position along a preset path.

Preferably, the parent buoy comprises an cruise ship, and the parent buoy controls the cruise ship to drag the corresponding child buoy back to the parent buoy according to the fault instruction fed back by any child buoy.

Preferably, any sub-buoy is provided with a side-turning detection part, and the sub-buoy sends a fault instruction to the main buoy when the sub-buoy turns on the side according to a signal fed back by the side-turning detection part.

Preferably, any one of the sub-buoys is provided with a collision detection member, and the sub-buoys send a fault instruction to the mother buoy when the sub-buoys collide with the obstacle according to a signal fed back by the collision detection member.

Preferably, any sub-buoy is provided with an electric quantity detection piece, the electric quantity detection piece is used for detecting the current electric quantity of the sub-buoy so that the sub-buoy can judge whether the current electric quantity is lower than the preset electric quantity, if yes, the mother buoy controls the corresponding sub-buoy to be in butt joint with a charging interface arranged on the mother buoy according to a low-electric-quantity instruction fed back by the sub-buoy so as to supplement the electric quantity; if not, the mother buoy controls the corresponding sub-buoy to navigate to the target position according to the high-electricity instruction fed back by the sub-buoy.

Preferably, any sub-buoy is provided with an obstacle avoidance detection piece, the obstacle avoidance detection piece is used for detecting whether the sub-buoy has an obstacle within a preset distance, and if so, the mother buoy controls the corresponding sub-buoy to navigate to the target position according to an obstacle avoidance instruction fed back by the sub-buoy; if not, the parent buoy controls the corresponding child buoy to continue navigating to the target position according to the preset path.

Preferably, any sub-buoy is provided with a warning lamp, and when the obstacle avoidance detection piece detects that the distance between the obstacle and the sub-buoy is smaller than the preset distance, the sub-buoy starts the warning lamp.

Preferably, any one of the sub-buoys is provided with a water quality detection part, the mother buoy is provided with a display screen, and the mother buoy acquires the water quality information fed back by the corresponding sub-buoy and controls the display screen to display the water quality information.

Preferably, any sub-buoy is provided with a positioning radar, the mother buoy detects whether the sub-buoy deviates from a preset path according to a positioning instruction fed back by the sub-buoy, and if yes, the mother buoy controls the corresponding sub-buoy to navigate to a target position according to a reset path; if not, the parent buoy controls the corresponding child buoy to continue navigating to the target position according to the preset path.

Preferably, the parent buoy comprises a cabin body and a temperature regulator arranged in the cabin body, the cabin body is provided with a temperature detection part, the temperature detection part is used for detecting the current temperature of the cabin body, and when the current temperature is lower than the preset temperature, the parent buoy controls the temperature regulator to heat according to a low-temperature instruction fed back by the child buoy so as to increase the current temperature until the current temperature is consistent with the preset temperature; when the current temperature is higher than the preset temperature, the parent buoy controls the temperature regulator to refrigerate according to the high-temperature instruction fed back by the child buoy so as to reduce the current temperature until the current temperature is consistent with the preset temperature.

Preferably, the sub-buoy is provided with a booster, and the sub-buoy correspondingly controls the booster to start and stop according to a signal fed back by the main buoy.

Preferably, the mother buoy and all the daughter buoys are provided with solar cells.

Compared with the background technology, the ocean monitoring equipment provided by the invention comprises the mother buoy and at least one sub-buoy, wherein all the sub-buoys are connected with the mother buoy, so that the mother buoy controls any sub-buoy to move back and forth between the mother buoy and a target position along a preset path, obviously all the sub-buoys realize unified management by virtue of the mother buoy, the single sub-buoy is prevented from being lost due to faults, the recovery is convenient, and the maintenance difficulty is naturally reduced.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a parent buoy of a marine monitoring device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic view of the sub-buoy.

The reference numbers are as follows:

a mother buoy 1 and a daughter buoy 2;

a living cabin 11, an experiment cabin 12 and a cockpit 13;

a booster 21 and a warning light 22.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

In order that those skilled in the art will better understand the disclosure, the invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific examples.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a mother buoy of an ocean monitoring apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention; fig. 2 is a schematic view of the sub-buoy.

The embodiment of the invention discloses ocean monitoring equipment, which comprises a mother buoy 1 and at least one sub-buoy 2, wherein the plurality of sub-buoys 2 are uniformly distributed by taking the mother buoy 1 as the center, and the mother buoy 1 provides energy supply and state monitoring for the sub-buoys 2. The mother buoy 1 can be provided with a manned cabin, so that maintenance personnel can conveniently maintain the subsidiary buoys 2 on the deck of the mother buoy 1, the subsidiary buoys 2 which are in failure do not need to be tracked and searched in a large range, and maintenance is convenient.

All the sub-buoys 2 are connected with the main buoy 1, the main buoy 1 is provided with a main controller, the sub-buoys 2 are provided with sub-controllers, and the main controller and the sub-controllers communicate with each other by means of a Beidou navigation system, so that the main buoy 1 controls the sub-buoys 2 to reciprocate between the main buoy 1 and a target position along a preset path. The preset path can be input into the mother buoy 1 after being planned in advance, and the mother buoy 1 can also be planned in real time according to the actual situation of a navigation channel.

Therefore, all the sub-buoys 2 realize unified management by means of the mother buoys 1, the single sub-buoys 2 are prevented from being lost due to faults, the recovery is convenient, and the maintenance difficulty is reduced.

When any sub-buoy 2 has a fault, the parent buoy 1 controls the sub-buoy 2 to return to the parent buoy 1 according to a preset path according to a fault instruction fed back by the sub-buoy 2.

Of course, the return travel mode of the sub-buoy 2 is not limited to this. The parent buoy 1 comprises an cruise ship, when any one of the subsidiary buoys 2 breaks down, the subsidiary buoy 2 feeds back a fault instruction to the parent buoy 1, the parent buoy 1 controls the cruise ship to sail to the broken subsidiary buoy 2, the cruise ship is in butt joint with the subsidiary buoy 2, the cruise ship drags the broken subsidiary buoy 2 to the parent buoy 1, the subsidiary buoy 2 is prevented from being lost, the subsidiary buoy 2 is further beneficial to being recovered, and the maintenance difficulty is reduced.

The mother buoy 1 is provided with a ship body butt joint port which is in butt joint with the cruise ship, and the cruise ship charges by utilizing the ship body butt joint port. In addition, a locking rod and a locking hole which are matched with each other are arranged between any sub-buoy 2 and the cruise ship, specifically, the locking rod is arranged on the cruise ship, when the cruise ship approaches the sub-buoy 2, the cruise ship drives the locking rod to be inserted into the locking hole, so that the cruise ship is fixedly connected, and conditions are provided for towing the sub-buoy 2 by the cruise ship. The number of the cruise vessels is not particularly limited.

The sub-buoy 2 may have faults of part damage, side turning, collision with passing ships and the like in the process of monitoring the water quality, and different fault types have different fault instruction obtaining modes.

Any sub-buoy 2 is provided with a rollover detection piece, when any sub-buoy 2 turns over, the sub-buoy 2 is immersed in seawater, the internal electrical element of the sub-buoy 2 is very easy to lose effectiveness due to backward flow of seawater, at the moment, the rollover detection piece feeds back a signal to the sub-controller of the sub-buoy 2, and the sub-controller processes and identifies and then sends a fault instruction to the main controller of the main buoy 1, so that the main controller of the main buoy 1 can plan the return path of the sub-buoy 2 or control the cruise ship to drag the sub-buoy 2 according to the fault instruction. The rollover detecting member may be a humidity detecting sensor disposed in the sub-buoy 2, and the rollover detecting member determines whether the sub-buoy 2 undergoes rollover by determining the humidity in the sub-buoy 2.

Any sub-buoy 2 is provided with a collision detection part, when any sub-buoy 2 collides with a reciprocating ship, collision force is generated on the periphery of the sub-buoy 2, the collision detection part feeds back signals to a sub-controller of the sub-buoy 2, and the sub-controller processes and identifies the collision force and sends a fault instruction to a main controller of the main buoy 1, so that the main controller of the main buoy 1 can plan the return path of the sub-buoy 2 or control the cruising ship to drag the sub-buoy 2 according to the fault instruction. The collision detector here may be a pressure sensor provided on the outer periphery of the sub-buoy 2, but of course, the type of collision detector is not limited thereto.

In order to keep the sub-buoys 2 to work continuously, any sub-buoy 2 is provided with an electric quantity detection part, the electric quantity detection part is used for detecting the current electric quantity of the sub-buoys 2, the sub-controller judges whether the current electric quantity is lower than the preset electric quantity, if so, the electric quantity detection part sends a signal to the sub-controller of the sub-buoys 2, the sub-buoys 2 feed back a low-electric-quantity instruction to the main controller of the main buoy 1 after the sub-controller processes the low-electric-quantity instruction, the main buoy 1 controls the corresponding sub-buoys 2 to move according to the low-electric-quantity instruction, the sub-buoys 2 are butted with the charging interfaces arranged on the main buoy 1 until the sub-buoys 2 are butted. If not, the electric quantity detection part sends a signal to a sub-controller of the sub-buoy 2, and after the sub-controller processes the signal, the sub-buoy 2 feeds back a high electric quantity instruction to a main controller of the main buoy 1, so that the main buoy 1 controls the corresponding sub-buoy 2 to navigate to a target position according to a preset path.

Based on the consideration of safety, any sub-buoy 2 is provided with an obstacle avoidance detection piece, the obstacle avoidance detection piece is used for detecting whether the sub-buoy 2 has an obstacle within a preset distance, the obstacle can be marine organisms, marine garbage or a reciprocating ship and the like, if so, the obstacle avoidance detection piece sends a signal to a sub-controller of the sub-buoy 2, and after the sub-controller processes the obstacle avoidance instruction, the sub-buoy 2 feeds back an obstacle avoidance instruction to a main controller of the main buoy 1, so that the main buoy 1 plans the path of the sub-buoy 2 again to generate a corrected path, and the main buoy 1 controls the sub-buoy 2 to sail to a target position according to the corrected path, so that the sub-buoy 2 can automatically avoid the obstacle, and the safety is high. If not, the obstacle avoidance detection part sends a signal to the sub-controllers of the sub-buoys 2, and after the sub-controllers process the signal, the main controller of the main buoy 1 controls the sub-buoys 2 to continue navigating to the target position according to the original preset path. The obstacle avoidance detection piece can be an obstacle detection sensor and also can be a high-definition intelligent camera.

For dispelling marine organisms or reminding to come and go the ship, any sub-buoy 2 is provided with a warning lamp 22, the warning lamp 22 reminds marine organisms or ship drivers in an acousto-optic mode, when the obstacle avoidance detection piece detects that the distance between the obstacle and the sub-buoy 2 is smaller than a preset distance, the obstacle avoidance detection piece is about to collide with the sub-buoy 2, the obstacle avoidance detection piece sends a signal to a sub-controller of the sub-buoy 2, the main controller of the mother buoy 1 starts the warning lamp 22 according to an instruction fed back by the sub-controller of the sub-buoy 2 to remind the obstacle to actively move the far ion buoy 2, the risk of collision between the sub-buoy 2 and the obstacle is further reduced, and the safety is further improved.

It should be noted that the preset distance herein refers to a minimum safe distance between the sub-buoy 2 and the obstacle, and may be preset, and is not limited herein.

Any sub-buoy 2 still is equipped with water quality testing spare, and mother buoy 1 is equipped with the display screen, and water quality testing spare sends the quality of water information of ocean to sub-buoy 2's sub-controller, and sub-controller retransmits to mother buoy 1's main control unit again, and main control unit links to each other with the display screen, makes main control unit control display screen show the quality of water demonstration of sub-buoy 2 feedback, makes things convenient for the monitoring personnel directly perceived quality of water condition that runs through the ocean. Of course, the mother buoy 1 is also additionally provided with a water quality detector, and the water quality detector arranged on each son buoy 2 is combined to realize the large-range detection of the ocean water quality.

The water quality detection part can be one or more of a suspended substance analyzer, a pH analyzer, a chemical oxygen demand analyzer, a dissolved oxygen analyzer, a temperature analyzer, an escherichia coli analyzer or a pathogen analyzer, and is specifically arranged according to the monitoring purpose.

Any sub-buoy 2 is provided with a positioning radar which is used for detecting the actual position of the sub-buoy 2, so that the sub-buoy 2 can be accurately positioned by the positioning radar. The positioning radar sends the detected actual position information to a sub-controller of the sub-buoy 2, the sub-controller converts the actual position information into a positioning instruction, the sub-controller sends the positioning instruction to a main controller of the main buoy 1, the main buoy 1 compares the positioning instruction fed back by the sub-buoy 2 with a theoretical position in a preset path of the sub-buoy 2, and sequentially judges whether the sub-buoy 2 deviates from the preset path in the navigation process, if so, the actual position of the sub-buoy 2 is inconsistent with the theoretical position, the main controller re-plans the path of the sub-buoy 2 according to the actual position information fed back by the sub-controller to generate a reset path, so that the actual position of the sub-buoy 2 is consistent with the theoretical position, the main buoy 1 sequentially controls the corresponding sub-buoy 2 to navigate to a target position along the reset path, and therefore the navigation trajectory of the sub-buoy 2 is automatically adjusted, the degree of intelligence is higher. If not, the actual position of the sub-buoy 2 is consistent with the theoretical position, at the moment, the sub-controller of the sub-buoy 2 processes the actual position information sent by the positioning radar and feeds the actual position information back to the main controller of the mother buoy 1, and the main controller controls the corresponding sub-buoy 2 to sail continuously according to the original preset path until the sub-buoy 2 reaches the target position.

The mother buoy 1 comprises a cabin body, the cabin body comprises a living cabin 11, an experiment cabin 12 and a cockpit 13, and a restaurant and a rest room are further arranged in the living cabin 11, so that the life of a driver is facilitated. The experiment cabin 12 is used for containing water quality detection parts and the like, and the driving cabin 13 is mainly used by a driver.

The main buoy 1 further comprises a temperature regulator arranged in the cabin body, a temperature detection part is arranged in the cabin body and used for detecting the current temperature of the cabin body, when the current temperature is lower than a preset temperature, the temperature detection part sends a signal to a sub-controller of the sub-buoy 2, the sub-controller converts the temperature signal sent by the temperature detection part into a low-temperature instruction and sends the low-temperature instruction to the main controller of the main buoy 1, and the main buoy 1 controls the temperature regulator to heat according to the low-temperature instruction fed back by the sub-buoy 2, so that the current temperature of the temperature regulator is increased until the current temperature is consistent with the preset temperature; when the current temperature is higher than the preset temperature, the temperature detection part sends a signal to the sub-controller of the sub-buoy 2, the sub-controller converts the temperature signal sent by the temperature detection part into a high-temperature instruction and sends the high-temperature instruction to the main controller of the main buoy 1, and the main buoy 1 controls the temperature regulator to refrigerate according to the high-temperature instruction fed back by the sub-buoy 2, so that the current temperature of the temperature regulator is reduced until the current temperature is consistent with the preset temperature; therefore, the temperature of the cabin body is automatically adjusted, the cabin body is kept in a constant temperature state, the life of a driver is facilitated, and accurate monitoring of the ocean water quality is facilitated. The temperature detection member may be specifically a temperature sensor, and the preset temperature may be an optimum temperature suitable for life.

The sub-buoy 2 is provided with a booster 21, and the structure and the working principle of the booster 21 can be referred to the prior art. The sub-controller controls the booster 21 to start and stop according to the signal fed back by the main controller, that is, the sub-buoy 2 correspondingly controls the booster 21 to start and stop according to the signal fed back by the main buoy 1, so that the booster 21 is started when the electric quantity is sufficient or is kept to stop in the charging process, and the sub-buoy 2 can realize automatic navigation.

In order to realize continuous power supply, the mother buoy 1 and all the son buoys 2 are provided with solar batteries, and the solar batteries convert solar energy into electric energy to be stored.

The working principle of the ocean monitoring equipment provided by the invention is as follows:

s1, the mother buoy 1 plans a preset path of each sub-buoy 2 and sends the preset path to the sub-buoys 2;

s2, detecting the current electric quantity of the sub-buoy 2 by using the electric quantity detection piece, judging whether the current electric quantity is lower than the preset electric quantity by using the sub-controller of the sub-buoy 2, if so, controlling the corresponding sub-buoy 2 to move to be in butt joint with a charging interface arranged on the mother buoy 1 by the mother buoy 1 according to a low-electric-quantity instruction fed back by the sub-buoy 2, and automatically supplementing the electric quantity by the sub-buoy 2 through the charging interface; if not, the mother buoy 1 controls the corresponding sub-buoy 2 to sail according to a preset path according to a high-power instruction fed back by the sub-buoy 2;

s3, detecting whether the sub-buoy 2 has an obstacle within a preset distance or not by using the obstacle avoidance instruction for detecting, if so, controlling the sub-buoy 2 to sail to a target position along the correction path by the mother buoy 1 according to the obstacle avoidance instruction fed back by the sub-buoy 2; if not, the parent buoy 1 controls the child buoy 2 to continue navigating to the target position along the preset path;

and S4, completing cruising by the sub buoy 2.

The ocean monitoring device provided by the invention is described in detail, and the principle and the implementation mode of the invention are explained by applying specific examples, and the description of the examples is only used for helping to understand the method and the core idea of the invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, there may be variations in the specific embodiments and the application scope, and in summary, the content of the present specification should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

Claims

1. Marine monitoring device, comprising a parent buoy (1) and at least one child buoy (2) connected to the parent buoy (1); the mother buoy (1) controls any one of the sub-buoys (2) to reciprocate between the mother buoy (1) and a target position along a preset path.

2. Marine monitoring device according to claim 1, characterised in that the parent buoy (1) comprises a cruise vessel, the parent buoy (1) controlling the cruise vessel to drag the corresponding child buoy (2) back to the parent buoy (1) in dependence of a fault instruction fed back by any one of the child buoys (2).

3. Ocean monitoring device according to claim 2, wherein any one of the sub-buoys (2) is provided with a rollover detection member, and the sub-buoys (2) send the fault command to the mother buoy (1) when the sub-buoys (2) rollover according to the signal fed back by the rollover detection member.

4. Marine monitoring device according to claim 2, characterised in that any of the sub-buoys (2) is provided with a collision detection means, and that the sub-buoy (2) sends the fault command to the parent buoy (1) upon collision of the sub-buoy (2) with an obstacle according to a signal fed back by the collision detection means.

5. The ocean monitoring device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein any one of the sub-buoys (2) is provided with an electric quantity detection piece, the electric quantity detection piece is used for detecting the current electric quantity of the sub-buoy (2) so that the sub-buoy (2) can judge whether the current electric quantity is lower than a preset electric quantity, if yes, the mother buoy (1) controls the corresponding sub-buoy (2) to be in butt joint with a charging interface arranged on the mother buoy (1) according to a low electric quantity instruction fed back by the sub-buoy (2) so as to supplement the electric quantity; if not, the mother buoy (1) controls the corresponding sub-buoy (2) to navigate to the target position according to the preset path according to the high-power instruction fed back by the sub-buoy (2).

6. The ocean monitoring equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein any one of the sub-buoys (2) is provided with an obstacle avoidance detecting member, the obstacle avoidance detecting member is used for detecting whether the sub-buoys (2) have obstacles within a preset distance, if so, the mother buoy (1) controls the corresponding sub-buoys (2) to sail to the target position according to an obstacle avoidance instruction fed back by the sub-buoys (2); if not, the mother buoy (1) controls the corresponding son buoy (2) to continue navigating to the target position according to the preset path.

7. Marine monitoring device according to claim 6, characterised in that any of the sub-buoys (2) is provided with a warning light (22), and when the obstacle avoidance detector detects that the distance between an obstacle and the sub-buoy (2) is smaller than the preset distance, the sub-buoy (2) activates the warning light (22).

8. Marine monitoring device according to any of claims 1-4, characterised in that any of said sub-buoys (2) is provided with a water quality detection member, said mother buoy (1) is provided with a display screen, said mother buoy (1) acquires the water quality information fed back by the corresponding sub-buoy (2) and controls said display screen to display.

9. Marine monitoring device according to any of claims 1-4, characterised in that any of the sub-buoys (2) is provided with a positioning radar, the mother buoy (1) detects whether the sub-buoys (2) deviate from the preset path according to positioning instructions fed back by the sub-buoys (2), and if so, the mother buoy (1) controls the corresponding sub-buoys (2) to navigate to the target position according to a reset path; if not, the parent buoy (1) controls the corresponding child buoy (2) to continue navigating to the target position according to the preset path.

10. The ocean monitoring equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the parent buoy (1) comprises a cabin body and a thermostat arranged in the cabin body, the cabin body is provided with a temperature detection part for detecting the current temperature of the cabin body, and when the current temperature is lower than a preset temperature, the parent buoy (1) controls the thermostat to heat according to a low temperature instruction fed back by the child buoy (2) so as to increase the current temperature until the current temperature is consistent with the preset temperature; when the current temperature is higher than the preset temperature, the mother buoy (1) controls the thermostat to refrigerate according to a high-temperature instruction fed back by the sub-buoy (2) so as to reduce the current temperature until the current temperature is consistent with the preset temperature.

11. Marine monitoring device according to any of claims 1-4, characterised in that the sub-buoy (2) is provided with a booster (21), and the sub-buoy (2) controls the booster (21) to start and stop correspondingly according to the signal fed back by the main buoy (1).

12. Marine monitoring device according to any of claims 1-4, characterised in that the mother buoy (1) and all the sub-buoys (2) are provided with solar cells.