CN112207397B - Clamp for welding longitudinal flange edge to casing and welding method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a clamp for welding a longitudinal flange edge to a casing and a welding method thereof, wherein the clamp comprises a base, a first positioning spigot, an inner support block, an air pipe, a cover plate, a second positioning spigot and a locking device; the locking device comprises a pressing block, an ejector rod, a connecting rod, an adjusting screw rod, a rotary handle, a locking bolt, a longitudinal beam and an eyelet bolt. During welding, the inner supporting block is tightly attached to the inner profile of the split casing, the locking bolt locks the interval of the split casing, the pressing block applies radial pressing force to press the split casing profile, the cover plate presses the split casing in the axial direction, the longitudinal beam and the inner supporting block are kept consistent and parallel through the swing bolt, and then tack welding and argon arc welding are respectively carried out, so that the welding of the longitudinal flange edge of the split casing is completed.

Description

Clamp for welding longitudinal flange edge to casing and welding method thereof

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of welding, and particularly relates to a clamp for welding a longitudinal flange edge to a casing and a welding method thereof.

Background

The split casing (see fig. 1 and fig. 2 in particular) is formed by cutting a regular annular casing into two halves along a generatrix direction, then welding four longitudinal flange edges at the cut opening to form two half split casings, and the split casings are connected and assembled through holes on the longitudinal flange edges. The split casing is a thin-wall titanium alloy casing, the ends of the two sides welded with the longitudinal flange edges have no constraint force, welding deformation is easily generated when the four longitudinal flange edges are welded, the situation that a single half casing is expanded outwards or contracted inwards can occur, due to the uncertainty of the welding deformation, the two half split casings cannot form a regular annular casing, the consistency of the two half casings cannot be ensured during subsequent machining, and finally the two half casings cannot be assembled.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to design a set of clamp for welding longitudinal flange edges of an opposite-opening casing and a welding method thereof, wherein the clamp is used for restraining and fixing two half-opening casing bodies and four flange edges in an argon arc welding process and forming a regular annular casing, so that the welding deformation is reduced, the welding quality is controlled, and the welding consistency of the two half-opening casings is ensured to meet the subsequent machining requirements.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

a clamp for welding longitudinal flange edges to a split casing comprises a base, a first positioning spigot, an inner support block, an air pipe, a cover plate, a second positioning spigot and a locking device;

the base is a disc with a central shaft, and the central shaft is vertically connected to the center of the disc;

the first positioning rabbets are connected to the end face of the base along the circumferential direction of the base and are used for positioning the circumferential outer contour of the mounting edge of the large end face of the split casing;

the inner support block is connected to the end face of the base, and the shape of the outer surface of the inner support block is consistent with the inner profile of the split casing and is attached to the inner profile of the split casing;

the air pipe is connected to the inner side of the inner support block;

the cover plate is connected with the tail end of a central shaft on the base;

the second positioning seam allowances are connected to the lower end face of the cover plate along the circumferential direction of the cover plate and used for positioning the circumferential outer contour of the mounting edge of the small end face of the opposite casing;

the locking device comprises a pressing block, an ejector rod, a connecting rod, an adjusting screw rod, a rotary handle, a locking bolt, a longitudinal beam and an eyelet bolt;

the bottom of the longitudinal beam is connected with the base through a bolt, the top of the longitudinal beam is connected with one end of an eyelet bolt, and the other end of the eyelet bolt is connected with the cover plate;

the pressing block is connected with one end of the ejector rod, the other end of the ejector rod penetrates through the arch block and then is connected with the connecting rod, and the arch block is connected to the longitudinal beam through the fastening bolt;

one end of the adjusting screw rod vertically penetrates through the connecting rod and the bow-shaped frame and then points to the surface of the longitudinal beam, the adjusting screw rod is in threaded connection with the connecting rod, and the other end of the adjusting screw rod is connected with a rotary handle;

the locking bolts are provided with bolts at two sides, the bolts are connected to the middle mounting edges of the split casings through screws, and the locking bolts are distributed along the height direction of the longitudinal beam.

Preferably, the first positioning spigot has 8 blocks, 4 blocks form two semicircles in a group, and the distance between the centers of the two semicircles is the sum of the margins left on the longitudinal flange edge of the part.

Preferably, the surface of the pressing block is provided with an arc-shaped pressing surface which is consistent with the size of the outer surface of the split casing.

Preferably, the distance between the bolts at two sides of the locking bolt is the hole distance between two small holes at the middle mounting edge of the split casing.

Preferably, the locking bolt is located above the mounting edge of the middle of the casing halves.

Preferably, the inner support block is internally provided with a cavity structure, and a vent groove with the same shape as the welding seam is reserved on one side close to the split casing.

Preferably, the number of the inner supporting blocks is two, the two inner supporting blocks are respectively positioned at two ends of a diameter line of the base, and the size of the outer profile of each inner supporting block is the same as that of the inner profile of the split casing.

Preferably, the second positioning seam allowance is the same as the first positioning seam allowance in distribution position, and the seam allowance size in the second positioning seam allowance and the first positioning seam allowance is the same as the size of the installation edges of the two end faces of the split case.

Preferably, the flatness of the end faces of the second positioning spigot and the first positioning spigot is 0.01-0.06.

A welding method for welding a longitudinal flange edge of a split case adopts the clamp and comprises the following steps:

step one, mounting the two half split casings and the four longitudinal flange edges into a base, supporting and positioning the large end face mounting edges of the two half split casings through a first positioning spigot, and supporting the longitudinal flange edges and the inner molded surfaces of the split casings by an inner supporting block;

inserting the inserted pin on the locking bolt into the small holes on the middle mounting edge of the two half split casings, and lightly screwing the locking bolt;

step three, the cover plate is arranged in the central shaft, the second positioning spigot is ensured to position the mounting edge of the small end face of the split casing, and a nut on the central shaft is screwed to tightly press the cover plate;

step four, screwing the eyelet bolt to ensure that the upper end and the lower end of the longitudinal beam are fixed;

fifthly, screwing the rotary handle to drive the adjusting screw to move, so that the pressing block presses the outer profile of the split casing, and the outer profile is guaranteed to be in a theoretical position;

locking a locking bolt to ensure the consistency of the two half split casings;

welding longitudinal flange edges in a positioning mode, firstly welding two sides of the large end face and the small end face of the split casing in a positioning mode, then installing two sides of the edges in the middle, and finally symmetrically positioning towards the middle along two sides;

step eight, welding the flange edges at the large end face and the small end face in an argon arc welding mode, then welding the flange edges at the middle mounting edge, and finally welding the barrel and symmetrically welding the barrel along the two sides to the middle.

Compared with the prior art, the welding fixture and the welding method have the following advantages:

1) by adopting the fixture and the method, the part can be quickly clamped and positioned, and the two half split casings can be welded simultaneously, so that the processing period of the part is greatly shortened;

2) by adopting the clamp and the method, the welding deformation of the part can be effectively controlled, and the processing quality of the part is ensured;

3) by adopting the clamp and the method, the welding consistency of the two half split casings can be ensured, so that the subsequent machining requirement is met.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a front view of a split case part;

FIG. 2 is a top plan view of a split case component;

FIG. 3 is a top view of the welding fixture;

FIG. 4 is a front view of the clamp;

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view B-B of the orientation stop of FIG. 3;

FIG. 6 is a view taken along line A of FIG. 4;

FIG. 7 is a view taken along line B of FIG. 4;

FIG. 8 is a view taken along line C of FIG. 4;

FIG. 9 is an enlarged fragmentary view of the second alignment stop;

FIGS. 10 and 11 are enlarged views of a portion of FIG. 3;

FIG. 12 is an enlarged view of section A-A of FIG. 4;

in the figure, 1-base; 2-a first positioning spigot; 3-briquetting; 4-a top rod; 5-a connecting rod; 6-adjusting a screw rod; 7-a swivel handle; 8-locking the bolt; 9-longitudinal beams; 10-an inner support block; 11-trachea; 12-a second locating spigot; 13-swing bolt; 14-cover plate.

Detailed Description

The technical solution of the present invention is further explained with reference to the drawings and the specific embodiments.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the outer diameter of the upper end surface of the split casing is smaller than that of the lower end surface, a plurality of middle mounting edges are arranged in the circumferential direction of the surface of the split casing, the middle mounting edges are distributed at intervals from top to bottom along the axial direction of the split casing, and small holes are distributed at intervals on the middle mounting edges.

For the above-mentioned split casing, the present embodiment designs a clamp for welding a longitudinal flange edge to the split casing, specifically see fig. 3 to 12, and specifically includes a base 1, a first positioning seam allowance 2, an inner support block 10, an air pipe 11, a second positioning seam allowance 12, a cover plate 14, and two locking devices in a vertical direction (one for each of two butt-joint surfaces of the split casing), as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the locking devices include a pressing block 3, a top rod 4, a connecting rod 5, an adjusting screw 6, a turning handle 7, a locking bolt 8, a longitudinal beam 9, and an eyelet bolt 13; the base 1 is a disc with a central shaft, as shown in figure 5, a first positioning spigot 2 is circumferentially fixed on the end face of the base 1 through a bolt, as shown in figure 4, an inner support block 10 is connected on the base 1 through welding to ensure that the inner support block 10 is attached to the inner profile of a part, an air pipe 11 is connected at the middle position of the inner support block 10 through a nut, a cover plate 14 is connected with the central shaft on the base 1 through a central hole and is pressed tightly by the nut, as shown in figures 4 and 9, a second positioning spigot 12 is circumferentially fixed on the lower end face of the cover plate 14 through the bolt, a locking device is connected with the base 1 through a bolt by a longitudinal beam 9 (as shown in figures 4 and 6) to ensure that the longitudinal beam 9 and the inner support block 10 are at the same angle (namely, the axis of the longitudinal beam 9 and the axis of the inner support block 10 are in the butt joint plane of the split casing in figure 4), a mandril 4 is positioned outside the briquetting 3, and one end of the mandril is connected on the briquetting 3 through a thread after passing through a through hole on the arch block, the other ends of the two top rods 4 are connected by a connecting rod 5, the arch blocks are connected to the bottom of a longitudinal beam 9 by fastening bolts (in fig. 4, the side surface of the longitudinal beam 9 is provided with a groove, the fastening bolts penetrate through the arch blocks and then are inserted into the grooves so as to fix the arch blocks, the two arch blocks are shared in fig. 4, the cross section of each arch block is as shown in fig. 11 and is similar to a 'door', an adjusting screw rod 6 is positioned in the middle of the connecting rod 5 and is connected with the connecting rod 5 through threads, the other end of the adjusting screw rod 6 is connected with a rotary handle 7, the two sides of a locking bolt 8 are provided with bolts, as shown in fig. 12, the bolts are connected with small holes of a middle mounting edge through screws, a plurality of locking bolts are distributed on the longitudinal beam 9 along the height, and a movable joint bolt 13 is positioned at the top of the longitudinal beam 9.

As shown in fig. 3 and 10, the first positioning seam allowance 2 is formed by 8 blocks and forms two semicircles, and the distance t + t between the centers of the two semicircles is the sum of the margins left by the longitudinal flange edges of the part. The semicircle refers to the situation that two half casings are combined together and not a whole circle, but a waist-shaped circle, and the two semicircles are combined together to form a straight line. The allowance left by the longitudinal flange edge refers to the allowance left by the binding surface of the longitudinal flange edge, and is just the distance between the centers of the two semicircles.

The inner profile of the pressing block 3 is an arc, the size of the arc is the same as the size of the outer profile of the split case, and as shown in fig. 3, the inner profile of the pressing block 3 is used for pressing the outer profile of the split case.

The distance between the bolts at the two sides of the locking bolt 8 is the pitch between two small holes selected on the mounting edge in the middle of the part, as shown in figure 12.

The two sides of the locking bolt 8 are provided with bolts which are screwed up by nuts and connected on the longitudinal beam 9 and are distributed along the height of the longitudinal beam 9, and the distribution positions of the locking bolt 8 on the longitudinal beam 9 are 10mm higher than the middle mounting edge on the split casing.

The inner supporting block 10 is provided with an inner cavity structure for ventilation, and a ventilation groove (shown without the ventilation groove in figure 4, and the shape of the ventilation groove is consistent with the shape of the butt joint of the longitudinal flange edge and the barrel in figure 1) with the same shape as the welding line is reserved on one side close to the split casing.

The inner supporting blocks 10 are uniformly distributed at two positions along the circumference, and the size of the outer molded surface of each inner supporting block is the same as that of the inner molded surface of the split casing.

The second positioning seam allowance 12 and the first positioning seam allowance 2 are distributed at the same position, and the seam allowance size is consistent with the installation edge size of the split casing.

The flatness of the end surfaces of the second positioning spigot 12 and the first positioning spigot 2 is 0.01-0.06.

A welding method for welding a longitudinal flange edge to a casing opening comprises the following steps:

1. the two half split casings and four longitudinal flange edges are arranged in a base 1, the mounting edges of the large end surfaces of the two half split casings are supported and positioned through a first positioning spigot 2, and an inner support block 10 supports the flange edges and the inner molded surfaces of the split casings;

2. inserting the inserted pin on the locking bolt 8 into the small holes on the middle mounting edges of the two halves of the casing, and slightly screwing the locking bolt 8;

3. the cover plate 14 is arranged in the central shaft, the second positioning spigot 12 is ensured to position the mounting edge of the small end face of the split casing, and a nut on the central shaft is screwed to compress the cover plate 14;

4. screwing up the eye bolt 13 to ensure that the upper end and the lower end of the longitudinal beam 9 are fixed;

5. the rotating handle 7 is screwed down, the pressing block 3 is driven to move through the adjusting screw 6, the pressing block 3 presses the outer profile of the split casing, and the outer profile of the part is guaranteed to be in a theoretical position;

6. locking bolts 8 are locked to ensure the consistency of the two half split casings and ensure no gap between the two longitudinal installation edges;

7. welding longitudinal flange edges in a positioning mode, firstly welding two sides of the large end face and the small end face of the casing in a split mode, then installing two sides of the edges in the middle, and finally carrying out symmetrical positioning towards the middle along the two sides (positioning towards the middle of the casing from the large end face and the small end face of the casing);

8. and (3) argon arc welding longitudinal flange edges, namely welding the flange edges at the large end face and the small end face, welding the flange edges at the middle mounting edge, and finally welding the cylinders and symmetrically welding the cylinders towards the middle along the two sides.

When the welding fixture disclosed by the invention is used for welding the longitudinal flange edge of the casing, the welding is carried out according to the following parameters and specific steps:

1. polishing: and polishing the parts to be welded of the casing and the longitudinal flange edge to remove oxide skin, wherein the polishing area is 10 mm.

2. Clamping the parts:

a) the two half split casings and the four longitudinal flange edges are arranged in the base 1, the mounting edges of the large end faces of the two half split casings are supported and positioned through the first positioning seam allowance 2, and the flange edges and the inner molded surfaces of the two half split casings are supported by the inner supporting blocks 10 to ensure that the molded surfaces are attached.

b) The bolt on the locking bolt 8 is inserted into the small hole on the middle mounting edge of the two half split casings, and the locking bolt 8 is slightly screwed down to ensure that the two half split casings are combined into an annular casing.

c) The cover plate 14 is arranged in the central shaft, the second positioning spigot 12 is ensured to position the mounting edge of the small end face of the split casing, the nut on the central shaft is screwed to compress the cover plate 14, and the roundness of the mounting edge of the small end face can be ensured during welding.

d) The movable joint bolt 13 is screwed down to fix the longitudinal beam 9, and the rotary handle 7 is screwed down to press the pressing block 3 through the adjusting screw 6 so as to jack the outer profile of the split casing.

e) The locking bolt 8 is locked to fix the longitudinal flange edge, and the consistency of the two half split casings can be effectively ensured in the welding process.

3. And (3) tack welding, namely performing argon arc tack welding on the welding position of the edges of the split casing and the longitudinal flange, firstly positioning the two sides of the large end surface and the small end surface of the split casing, then installing the two sides of the edges in the middle, and finally symmetrically positioning the two sides to the middle. The welding parameters are as follows: welding current (a): 30-50, argon flow (L/min): front side: 8-10, reverse side: 6#8, tungsten electrode diameter (mm): Φ 2.

4. Argon arc welding, namely performing argon arc welding on the side-by-side casing and the longitudinal flange edge, firstly welding the mounting edges at the large end face and the small end face, then welding the welding seam at the mounting edge in the middle, and finally symmetrically welding the cylinder body from the cylinder bodies at two sides to the middle. The welding parameters are as follows: welding current (a): 70-100, argon flow (L/min): front side: 8-12, reverse side: 6-10, tungsten electrode diameter (mm): Φ 2.

The above is one of the embodiments of the present invention, and a person skilled in the art can make various changes on the basis of the above embodiments to achieve the object of the present invention, but such changes should obviously be within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a to anchor clamps on split case welding longitudinal flange limit which characterized in that: comprises a base (1), a first positioning spigot (2), an inner supporting block (10), an air pipe (11), a cover plate (14), a second positioning spigot (12) and a locking device;

the base (1) is a disc with a central shaft, and the central shaft is vertically connected to the center of the disc;

the first positioning rabbets (2) are circumferentially connected to the end face of the base (1) along the base (1), and the first positioning rabbets (2) are used for positioning the circumferential outer contour of the mounting edge of the large end face of the split casing;

the inner support block (10) is connected to the end face of the base (1), and the shape of the outer surface of the inner support block (10) is consistent with the inner profile of the split casing and is attached to the inner profile of the split casing;

the air pipe (11) is connected to the inner side of the inner support block (10);

the cover plate (14) is connected with the tail end of a central shaft on the base (1);

the second positioning rabbets (12) are circumferentially connected to the lower end face of the cover plate (14) along the cover plate (14), and the second positioning rabbets (12) are used for positioning the circumferential outer contour of the mounting edge of the small end face of the split casing;

the locking device comprises a pressing block (3), an ejector rod (4), a connecting rod (5), an adjusting screw (6), a rotary handle (7), a locking bolt (8), a longitudinal beam (9) and an eyelet bolt (13);

the bottom of the longitudinal beam (9) is connected with the base (1) through a bolt, the top of the longitudinal beam (9) is connected with one end of an eyelet bolt (13), and the other end of the eyelet bolt (13) is connected with a cover plate (14);

the pressing block (3) is connected with one end of the ejector rod (4), the other end of the ejector rod (4) penetrates through the arch block and then is connected with the connecting rod (5), and the arch block is connected to the longitudinal beam (9) through the fastening bolt;

one end of the adjusting screw rod (6) vertically penetrates through the connecting rod (5) and the bow-shaped frame and points to the surface of the longitudinal beam (9), the adjusting screw rod (6) is in threaded connection with the connecting rod (5), and the other end of the adjusting screw rod (6) is connected with a rotary handle (7);

the locking bolt (8) both sides have the bolt, and the bolt passes through the screw connection and installs the edge in the middle of foling the quick-witted casket, and many locking bolts (8) distribute along the direction of height of longeron (9).

2. The clamp for welding the longitudinal flange edge of the casing split according to claim 1, wherein: the first positioning spigot (2) is 8 in number, 4 forms two semicircles in a group, and the distance between the centers of the two semicircles is the sum of the margins left on the longitudinal flange edge of the part.

3. The clamp for welding the longitudinal flange edge of the casing split according to claim 1, wherein: the surface of the pressing block (3) is provided with an arc pressing surface which has the same size with the external surface of the split casing.

4. The clamp for welding the longitudinal flange edge of the casing split according to claim 1, wherein: the distance between the bolts at two sides of the locking bolt (8) is the pitch of two small holes at the middle mounting edge of the split casing.

5. The clamp for welding the longitudinal flange edge of the casing split according to claim 1, wherein: the locking bolt (8) is positioned above the middle mounting edge of the split casing.

6. The clamp for welding the longitudinal flange edge of the casing split according to claim 1, wherein: the inner support block (10) is internally provided with a cavity structure, and a vent groove with the same shape as the welding line is reserved on one side close to the split casing.

7. The clamp for welding the longitudinal flange edge of the casing split according to claim 1, wherein: the two inner supporting blocks (10) are respectively positioned at two ends of a diameter line of the base (1), and the size of the outer molded surface of each inner supporting block is the same as that of the inner molded surface of the split casing.

8. The clamp for welding the longitudinal flange edge of the casing split according to claim 1, wherein: the second positioning spigot (12) and the first positioning spigot (2) are distributed at the same position, and the spigot sizes of the second positioning spigot (12) and the first positioning spigot (2) are consistent with the sizes of the mounting edges of the two end faces of the split casing.

9. The clamp for welding the longitudinal flange edge of the casing split according to claim 1, wherein: the flatness of the end faces of the second positioning spigot (12) and the first positioning spigot (2) is 0.01-0.06.

10. A welding method for welding a longitudinal flange edge to a casing opening machine is characterized by comprising the following steps: the use of the fixture of claim 1, comprising the steps of:

step one, installing two half split casings and four longitudinal flange edges into a base (1), supporting and positioning the mounting edges of the large end faces of the two half split casings through a first positioning spigot (2), and supporting the longitudinal flange edges and the inner molded surfaces of the split casings by an inner supporting block (10);

inserting the inserted pin on the locking bolt (8) into the small hole on the middle mounting edge on the two half split casings, and lightly screwing the locking bolt (8);

step three, the cover plate (14) is arranged in the central shaft, the second positioning spigot (12) is ensured to position the mounting edge of the small end face of the split casing, and a nut on the central shaft is screwed down to press the cover plate (14);

step four, screwing the eyelet bolt (13) to ensure that the upper end and the lower end of the longitudinal beam (9) are fixed;

fifthly, screwing the rotary handle (7) to drive the adjusting screw (6) to move, so that the pressing block (3) presses the outer profile of the split casing, and the outer profile is ensured to be in a theoretical position;

locking a locking bolt (8) to ensure the consistency of the two half split casings;

welding longitudinal flange edges in a positioning mode, firstly welding two sides of the large end face and the small end face of the split casing in a positioning mode, then installing two sides of the edges in the middle, and finally symmetrically positioning towards the middle along two sides;

step eight, welding the flange edges at the large end face and the small end face in an argon arc welding mode, then welding the flange edges at the middle mounting edge, and finally welding the barrel and symmetrically welding the barrel along the two sides to the middle.

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