CN112207290A - Screw type multi-material powder supply device for selective laser melting process - Google Patents
Screw type multi-material powder supply device for selective laser melting process Download PDFInfo
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- CN112207290A CN112207290A CN202011247939.XA CN202011247939A CN112207290A CN 112207290 A CN112207290 A CN 112207290A CN 202011247939 A CN202011247939 A CN 202011247939A CN 112207290 A CN112207290 A CN 112207290A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/005—Loading or unloading powder metal objects
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y40/00—Auxiliary operations or equipment, e.g. for material handling
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Abstract
The invention discloses a screw type multi-material powder supply device for a selective laser melting process, which comprises a supporting part and a powder supply part, wherein the supporting part is provided with a plurality of screw holes; the supporting part comprises two supporting beams which are arranged in parallel and at intervals; the powder supply part comprises a connecting beam, a scraper component, a screw extrusion mechanism, a powder suction component, a first driving component and a second driving component, and two ends of the connecting beam are respectively connected with the two supporting beams; the scraper component is arranged at the bottom of the connecting beam, the connecting beam is connected with the first driving component, and the scraper component is driven by the first driving component to move back and forth along the supporting beam; the screw extrusion mechanism, the powder suction assembly and the second driving assembly are all arranged on the connecting beam, and the powder suction assembly and the screw extrusion mechanism move back and forth along the connecting beam under the driving of the second driving assembly; two different powder materials are stored in the scraper assembly and the screw extrusion mechanism. The advantages are that: the purpose of spreading and conveying two different powders in manufacturing is realized by a mode of combining screw extrusion powder and scraper spreading and conveying powder.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of 3D printing, in particular to a screw type multi-material powder supply device for a selective laser melting process.
Background
The powder laser additive manufacturing (3D printing) technology has the advantages of diversified forming materials, wide application, simple forming process, high material utilization rate and the like, is particularly not limited by the shape complexity of parts, breaks through the process methods of metal forming (such as forging, punching, stretching, casting and injection molding) and cutting forming in the traditional processing, and can rapidly manufacture three-dimensional solid models or parts with complex shapes and certain functions without a tool clamp or a die. Polymers, ceramics, metals, precoated sand, biological materials and composite powder of the polymers, the ceramics, the metals, the precoated sand, the biological materials and the like can be used as forming materials of the materials, are one of additive manufacturing and forming technologies with the greatest development prospect, belong to the prior theme field of 'digital and intelligent design and manufacture' in the national outline of long-term science and technical development planning, and are also one of advanced green manufacturing technologies.
The metal additive manufacturing (3D printing) technology is an advanced manufacturing technology developed from the 90 s of the 20 th century, the technology carries out slicing and layering processing on a CAD model according to the manufacturing principle of 'additive', a numerical control system control workbench scans according to a path given by layering software, metal powder is melted by high-power laser and is overlapped layer by layer, and the die-free, rapid and full-compact near-net forming of high-performance metal parts with complex structures can be realized. According to the adding mode of metal powder, the metal 3D printing mainly comprises two process technologies: selective Laser Melting (SLM) technology using a powder spreading method and Laser Engineered Net Shaping (LENS) technology using a coaxial powder feeding method; among many 3D printing technologies, Selective Laser Melting (SLM) powder additive manufacturing forming technology can form various metal materials, especially metal parts which are difficult to process, and has the advantages of high forming precision, high part structure complexity, simple required power supply facility and low energy consumption, and the used raw materials are powder. The technology adopts the fine focusing light spot to rapidly melt preset metal powder, almost directly obtains functional parts with any shape and complete metallurgical bonding, has the density of nearly 100 percent, the size precision of 20-50um and the surface roughness of 20-30um, is an additive manufacturing technology with great development prospect, and has wide application prospect in the fields of aerospace, medical treatment, automobiles, molds and the like. The 3D printing mode is adopted for directly forming the high-precision high-performance aerospace complex structural part.
However, in the current Selective Laser Melting (SLM) process, only one kind of powder can be formed and one kind of powder can be spread in each part manufacturing, and before the part is formed, the corresponding powder material is selected according to the material type of the part and added into a powder feeding cylinder or a powder storage tank of the device for laser melting and forming. After a single material is formed by laser melting, the performance and the function of the part can only realize single characteristics, which cannot meet the manufacturing requirement of the part requiring multiple function combinations.
The multi-material nested structural part can exert the advantages of respective materials and combine to form a structural part or a functional part with composite performance characteristics and composite functional characteristics, such as manufacturing of conformal antennas and high-temperature and ultrahigh-temperature combustion chambers. The conformal antenna has the function that the outer layer is required to be made of a magnetic shielding material, the inner layer is required to be made of an antenna mounting structure layer, the traditional manufacturing method is riveting or bonding, the traditional manufacturing method is limited by a connection process, the structure is simple, and the manufacturing of a complex structure cannot be realized. The function of the ultra-high temperature combustion chamber requires that the outer layer is a high-temperature alloy layer for structure bearing and the inner layer is a ceramic/C-C material for heat protection.
In order to realize the additive manufacturing of the whole complex structure by using multiple (two) materials, the selective laser melting additive process is utilized to form the part structure according to multiple materials, so that the advantages of different materials are exerted, and the part with the multiple material structures is formed into a whole. At present, the research of multi-material additive manufacturing at home and abroad has a certain related report, but mainly focuses on two points: firstly, wire non-metal multi-material additive manufacturing based on an FDM process; the other is metal multi-material additive manufacturing based on interlayer powder replacement. In the two multi-material processes, the former can only realize non-metal materials, the latter can only realize one material in each layer, and the two ways cannot realize multi-material nested additive manufacturing. Therefore, the additive manufacturing requirement of the multi-material high-performance structural member is very urgent.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a screw type multi-material powder supply device for a selective laser melting process, so as to solve the problems in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a screw type multi-material powder supply device for a selective laser melting process comprises a supporting part and a powder supply part; the supporting part comprises two supporting beams which are arranged in parallel and at intervals; the powder supply part comprises a connecting beam, a scraper component, a screw extrusion mechanism, a powder suction component, a first driving component and a second driving component, the connecting beam is perpendicular to the supporting beams, and two ends of the connecting beam are respectively connected with the two supporting beams; the scraper assembly is arranged at the bottom of the connecting beam, the connecting beam is connected with the first driving assembly, and the scraper assembly is driven by the first driving assembly to reciprocate along the length direction of the supporting beam along with the connecting beam; the screw extrusion mechanism, the powder suction assembly and the second driving assembly are all arranged on the connecting beam, the powder suction assembly is connected with the screw extrusion mechanism, the screw extrusion mechanism is connected with the second driving assembly, and the powder suction assembly and the screw extrusion mechanism are driven by the second driving assembly to reciprocate along the length direction of the connecting beam; two different powder materials are stored in the scraper assembly and the screw extrusion mechanism.
Preferably, the support beam comprises a guide rail beam and two support seats arranged at intervals, two ends of the guide rail beam are respectively and fixedly connected with the two support seats, and a first guide rail extending along the length direction of the guide rail beam is arranged on the guide rail beam; two ends of the connecting beam are respectively provided with a first sliding block correspondingly matched and connected with the first guide rail on the two guide rail beams; the first driving assembly comprises a driving motor, a driving shaft, a driving belt wheel, a driven belt wheel and a conveying belt; the two supporting seats belonging to the same supporting beam are respectively provided with a driving belt wheel and a driven belt wheel, the driving belt wheel and the driven belt wheel are respectively provided with a conveying belt in a winding mode, two ends of the connecting beam are respectively fixedly connected with the two conveying belts, the two driving belt wheels are fixedly arranged on the driving shaft, the driving shaft is connected with the driving motor, the driving motor drives the driving belt wheels to rotate, and then the driving belt drives the connecting beam to move along the first guide rail in a reciprocating mode.
Preferably, the upper surface of the guide rail beam is provided with a guide groove along the length direction thereof, the first guide rail is installed in the guide groove, and the top of the first guide rail extends out of the guide groove; two ends of the connecting beam are respectively connected with the first sliding block through a U-shaped cushion block; the cushion block is fixed above the first sliding block, a channel is formed between the cushion block and the first sliding block, the part, located below the transmission belt, penetrates through the channel, a pressing block is arranged at the top of the cushion block, and the part, located above the transmission belt, of the pressing block is fixedly connected with the cushion block.
Preferably, the scraper component comprises a vertical plate, a mounting seat, a scraper, a fixed beam and a powder cylinder; the lower surface of the connecting beam is provided with two vertical plates extending downwards at intervals along the length direction of the connecting beam, two ends of the fixed beam are fixedly connected with extending ends of the two vertical plates respectively, the mounting seat is arranged on the lower surface of the fixed beam, the lower surface of the mounting seat is provided with a mounting groove parallel to the fixed beam, the scraper is mounted in the mounting groove, and the lower end of the scraper extends out of the mounting groove; the outlet of the powder cylinder is positioned in the area where the scraper moves; the powder cylinder stores a first powder material therein.
Preferably, the upper surface of the connecting beam is provided with a second guide rail extending along the length direction of the connecting beam; the screw extrusion mechanism comprises a screw, a nut, a hoisting block, a screw motor and an extrusion assembly, the screw motor is connected with the screw, the screw is parallel to the second guide rail and is arranged on the connecting beam, the nut is meshed with the screw, the hoisting block is fixedly connected with the nut, the hoisting block extends downwards, and the extrusion assembly is arranged at the extending end of the hoisting block; and a second sliding block is arranged on the hoisting block and correspondingly matched and connected with the second guide rail.
Preferably, the extrusion assembly comprises an extrusion motor, an extrusion screw and a powder bin; the extrusion screw rod extends vertically downwards, the powder bin is arranged below the extrusion screw rod, the upper end of the extrusion screw rod is connected with the extrusion motor, the lower end of the basic screw rod extends into the powder bin, and the bottom of the powder bin is provided with a powder spray nozzle communicated with the outside; the powder silo stores a second powder material therein.
Preferably, hang and put and be provided with the U-shaped groove of dodging on the piece, the tie-beam passes dodge the groove, the lower extreme that hangs and put the piece is connected with vertical downwardly extending's fixed plate, one side of fixed plate is provided with the connecting seat, extrusion motor sets up on the connecting seat, the powder feed bin with connecting seat fixed connection.
Preferably, the extrusion assembly further comprises a transition bin and a material supplementing bin, the transition bin is connected to the top of the powder bin, the transition bin is communicated with the bottom of the material supplementing bin, the material supplementing bin is located above the transition bin, and the material supplementing bin conveys powder inside the material supplementing bin to the transition bin through the action of gravity; the powder supplementing bin and the connecting seat are oppositely arranged on the other side of the fixing plate.
Preferably, the powder suction assembly comprises a negative pressure air pipe, a powder suction nozzle and a dust collector, one end of the negative pressure air pipe is connected with the powder suction nozzle, the other end of the negative pressure air pipe is connected with the dust collector, and the powder suction nozzle and the powder spray nozzle are arranged on the same horizontal plane in parallel; the powder bin is characterized in that a clamping groove block is arranged at the bottom of the powder bin, two parallel clamping grooves are formed in the clamping groove block, the powder nozzle and the powder suction nozzle correspondingly extend out of the corresponding clamping grooves respectively and are fixed on the clamping groove block, and the bottom end of the scraper is located below the powder nozzle and the powder suction nozzle.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the purpose of spreading and conveying two different powders in manufacturing is realized by a mode of combining screw extrusion powder and scraper spreading and conveying powder. The screw can rotate to extrude the powder, and the whole process has no air pressure, so that the plane of the laid first powder cannot be damaged; before powder feeding, a dust collector is adopted to suck out first powder to be exchanged and lay second powder, and different materials in different areas are laid through the area powder suction function.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a powder supplying apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a connecting beam for achieving Y-axis movement according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of another perspective of a powder supply apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the connection of a driving motor and a driving shaft in the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of the construction of a doctor assembly in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing the structure of a screw extrusion mechanism in the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an extrusion assembly in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view showing the positional relationship of the nozzle, the suction nozzle and the doctor blade in the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a powder suction trace of the suction nozzle in the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a powder extrusion trajectory of a nozzle in an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a base plate; 2. a supporting seat; 3. a guide rail beam; 4. a connecting beam; 5. a first guide rail; 6. a first slider; 7. a guide groove; 8. cushion blocks; 9. briquetting; 10. a driving pulley; 11. a driven pulley; 12. a drive shaft; 13. a conveyor belt; 14. hoisting the block; 15. an avoidance groove; 16. a lead screw; 17. a vertical plate; 18. a fixed beam; 19. a fixing plate; 20. a second guide rail; 21. a second slider; 22. a mounting seat; 23. mounting grooves; 24. a scraper; 25. a pushing block; 26. a nut; 27. an extrusion motor; 28. extruding a screw; 29. a powder bin; 30. a powder supplementing bin; 31. a nozzle; 32. a suction nozzle; 33. a slot clamping block; 34. and a baffle plate.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the invention, are intended for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 10, in the present embodiment, a screw-type multi-material powder supply device for a selective laser melting process is provided, which includes a support portion and a powder supply portion; the supporting part comprises two supporting beams which are arranged in parallel and at intervals; the powder supply part comprises a connecting beam 4, a scraper component, a screw extrusion mechanism, a powder suction component, a first driving component and a second driving component, wherein the connecting beam 4 is perpendicular to the supporting beams, and two ends of the connecting beam are respectively connected with the two supporting beams; the scraper assembly is arranged at the bottom of the connecting beam 4, the connecting beam 4 is connected with the first driving assembly, and the scraper assembly is driven by the first driving assembly to move back and forth along the length direction of the supporting beam along with the connecting beam 4; the screw extrusion mechanism, the powder suction assembly and the second driving assembly are all arranged on the connecting beam 4, the powder suction assembly is connected with the screw extrusion mechanism, the screw extrusion mechanism is connected with the second driving assembly, and the powder suction assembly and the screw extrusion mechanism are driven by the second driving assembly to reciprocate along the length direction of the connecting beam 4; two different powder materials are stored in the scraper assembly and the screw extrusion mechanism.
In this embodiment, the support beam includes a guide rail beam 3 and two support seats 2 arranged at intervals, two ends of the guide rail beam 3 are respectively and fixedly connected to the two support seats 2, and a first guide rail 5 extending along the length direction of the guide rail beam 3 is arranged on the guide rail beam 3; two ends of the connecting beam 4 are respectively provided with a first sliding block 6 correspondingly matched and connected with the first guide rail 5 on the two guide rail beams 3; the first driving component comprises a driving motor, a driving shaft 12, a driving belt pulley 10, a driven belt pulley 11 and a conveying belt 13; two supporting seats 2 belonging to the same supporting beam are respectively provided with a driving belt wheel 10 and a driven belt wheel 11, the driving belt wheel 10 and the driven belt wheel 11 are respectively provided with a conveying belt 13 in a winding manner, two ends of the connecting beam 4 are respectively fixedly connected with the two conveying belts 13, the two driving belt wheels 10 are fixedly arranged on the driving shaft 12, the driving shaft 12 is connected with the driving motor, the driving motor drives the driving belt wheels 10 to rotate, and then the connecting beam 4 is driven to move back and forth along the first guide rail 5 through the conveying belts 13.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the supporting portion further includes a basic bottom plate 1 for mounting all other components, a rectangular hollow area is arranged on the bottom plate 1, the hollow area is a working area for scraping and spraying powder, two supporting beams are respectively arranged on two opposite sides of the hollow area, each supporting beam includes two supporting seats 2, and the supporting seats 2 are in a cross shape to ensure rigidity. The height of each support seat 2 is the same. A guide rail beam 3 is fixed on the supporting seat 2 positioned on the same side, and the extending direction of the guide rail beam 3 is the same as the scraping and coating direction of the scraper component.
The upper surface of the guide rail beam 3 is provided with a guide groove 7 along the length direction, the first guide rail 5 is arranged in the guide groove 7, and the top of the first guide rail 5 extends out of the guide groove 7; two ends of the connecting beam 4 are respectively connected with the first sliding block 6 through a U-shaped cushion block 8; the cushion block 8 is fixed above the first sliding block 6, a channel is formed between the cushion block 8 and the first sliding block 6, the part, located below, of the transmission belt penetrates through the channel, a pressing block 9 is arranged at the top of the cushion block 8, and the part, located above, of the transmission belt 13 is fixedly connected with the cushion block 8 through the pressing block 9.
Two supporting seats 2 connected with the same connecting beam 4, wherein a driving belt wheel 10 is arranged on one supporting seat 2, a driven belt wheel 11 is arranged on one supporting seat 2, and a conveying belt 13 is wound on the driving belt wheel 10 and the driven belt wheel 11; all set up driving pulley 10 or all set up driven pulley 11 on two supporting beams that lie in the homonymy in the direction that is on a parallel with tie-beam 4, thereby guarantee that two driving pulley 10 that are on a parallel with tie-beam 4's direction are located same one side, two driven pulley 11 also lie in same one side, can guarantee like this that two driving pulley 10 all install on drive shaft 12, drive shaft 12 positive and negative rotation and then realize driving two conveyer belts 13 and rotate through driving motor, drive tie-beam 4 along first guide rail 5 reciprocating motion.
In the specific implementation, the support base 2 is provided with a bracket for mounting the driving pulley 10 or the driven pulley 11, the bracket for mounting the driving pulley 10 is provided with a bearing, the driving shaft 12 is mounted on the two brackets through the bearing, and the driving pulley 10 is mounted at the two ends of the driving shaft 12 to realize the synchronous rotation of the two brackets; the support of installation driven pulley 11 is provided with bearing and driven shaft, and each driven shaft all passes through the bearing and installs on respective corresponding support, installs a driven pulley 11 on every driven shaft, and two driving pulley 10 take place to rotate under the rotation of drive shaft 12, and then drive conveyer belt 13 drives driven pulley 11 and rotates to realize the purpose that drive tie-beam 4 removed. The conveying directions and the conveying speeds and the heights of the two conveying belts 13 are consistent, so that the connecting beam 4 is always vertical to the first guide rail 5 in the moving process; and the device can always move on the horizontal plane without inclination. The driving motor can be directly connected with the driving shaft 12 to drive the driving shaft 12 to rotate, or the driving motor can drive the synchronous pulley through the synchronous belt to drive the driving shaft 12 to rotate; set up first synchronous pulley on drive shaft 12, set up the second synchronous pulley on driving motor's output shaft, establish the hold-in range on first synchronous pulley and second synchronous pulley, and then realize the rotation of drive shaft 12.
The conveyor belt 13 can smoothly pass through a channel formed between the cushion block 8 and the first sliding block 6, and the cushion block 8 can ensure that the conveyor belt 13 cannot be blocked in the moving process. The upper portions of the two conveyor belts 13 are respectively fixed on the two cushion blocks 8 by the pressing block 9, so that the conveyor belts 13 drive the cushion blocks 8, and the first slide block 6 is driven to reciprocate along the first guide rail 5.
In this embodiment, the scraper assembly includes a vertical plate 17, a mounting seat 22, a scraper 24, a fixed beam 18 and a powder cylinder; the lower surface of the connecting beam 4 is provided with two vertical plates 17 extending vertically and downwardly at intervals along the length direction thereof, two ends of the fixed beam 18 are fixedly connected with the extending ends of the two vertical plates 17 respectively, the mounting seat 22 is arranged on the lower surface of the fixed beam 18, the lower surface of the mounting seat 22 is provided with a mounting groove 23 parallel to the fixed beam 18, the scraper 24 is mounted in the mounting groove 23, and the lower end of the scraper 24 extends out of the mounting groove 23; the outlet of the powder cylinder is located in the area where the doctor blade 24 moves; the powder cylinder stores a first powder material therein.
As shown in fig. 4, two H-shaped baffles 34 are disposed on the bottom plate 1, and the two H-shaped baffles 34 are parallel to each other and extend vertically upward, and the two H-shaped baffles 34 are respectively parallel to the two support beams and are disposed between the two support beams. The two baffles 34 are respectively positioned at two opposite sides of the hollowed-out area, and the two vertical plates 17 are respectively positioned between the supporting beam and the baffles 34 which are positioned at the same side. Fixed connection between supporting seat 2 and the baffle 34, the setting of baffle 34 not only can guarantee that the straightness accuracy that supporting seat 2 set up can also promote the holding power of supporting seat 2.
The scraper 24 pushes the powder in the powder cylinder from the back to the front, so that the scraper 24 is mounted as close as possible to the working area. Therefore, two vertical plates 17 extending downwards are mounted on the lower surface of the connecting beam 4, the heights of the two vertical plates 17 are consistent, the extending ends of the vertical plates 17 are further mounted with fixing beams 18 which are connected with the two vertical plates 17 and parallel to the connecting beam 4, the lower surface of the fixing beam 18 is provided with a mounting seat 22, and the scraper 24 can be mounted in the mounting seat 22. The mount pad 22 is in horizontal installation, and when tie-beam 4 moved along the Y axle, then corresponding drive mount pad 22 moved, then this can realize that scraper 24 is smooth with the powder propelling movement of rear powder jar to the work area in, realizes the propelling movement of first powder material. The relative position of two risers 17 can be restricted in the setting of fixed beam 18, avoids the position deviation between the two to influence the powder effect of shop of scraper 24.
As shown in fig. 5 and 6, in the present embodiment, the upper surface of the connecting beam 4 is provided with a second guide rail 20 extending along the length direction thereof; the screw extrusion mechanism comprises a screw 16, a nut 26, a lifting block 14, a screw motor and an extrusion assembly, the screw motor is connected with the screw 16, the screw 16 is arranged on the connecting beam 4 in parallel to the second guide rail 20, the nut 26 is engaged on the screw 16, the lifting block 14 is fixedly connected with the nut 26, the lifting block 14 extends downwards, and the extrusion assembly is arranged at the extending end of the lifting block 14; the hanging block 14 is provided with a second slide block 21, and the second slide block 21 is matched with the second guide rail 20 to enable the hanging block 14 to slide back and forth along the guide rail. Similarly, the connecting beam 4 may be provided with a guide groove 7 for installing the second guide rail 20, the second guide rail 20 may be installed in the guide groove 7, and then the second slider 21 is connected with the second guide rail 20 in a matching manner; when the screw 16 is driven by the screw motor to rotate, the nut 26 slides on the screw 16, and further drives the second slider 21 to move along the second guide rail 20, so as to realize the movement of the hanging block 14.
The extrusion assembly comprises an extrusion motor 27, an extrusion screw 28 and a powder bin 29; the extrusion screw 28 extends vertically downwards, the powder bin 29 is arranged below the extrusion screw 28, the upper end of the extrusion screw 28 is connected with the extrusion motor 27, the lower end of the basic screw extends into the powder bin 29, and the bottom of the powder bin 29 is provided with a powder nozzle communicated with the outside; the powder silo 29 stores a second powder material.
Hang and put and be provided with the U-shaped groove 15 of dodging on the piece 14, tie-beam 4 passes dodge groove 15, the lower extreme that hangs and put piece 14 is connected with vertical downwardly extending's fixed plate 19, one side of fixed plate 19 is provided with the connecting seat, extrusion motor 27 sets up on the connecting seat, powder feed bin 29 with connecting seat fixed connection.
The second slide block 21 is arranged in the avoidance groove 15, a pushing block 25 can be arranged on the hanging block 14, and a nut 26 is fixed on the pushing block 25, so that the screw rod 16 can be better rotated to drive the hanging block 14 to move. The lifting block 14 moves to drive the extrusion assembly to reciprocate, so that the second powder material is extruded.
As shown in fig. 7 and 8, the extrusion assembly further includes a transition bin and a feeding bin, the transition bin is connected to the top of the powder bin 29, the transition bin is communicated with the bottom of the feeding bin, the feeding bin is located above the transition bin, and the feeding bin conveys the powder inside the feeding bin to the transition bin by gravity; the powder supplementing bin 30 is arranged on the other side of the fixing plate 19 opposite to the connecting seat.
The extrusion assembly moves along the extension direction of the second guide 20, that is, along the X-axis; the extrusion assembly enables extrusion of the second powder material (metal powder). The specific working process is that the extrusion motor 27 drives the extrusion screw 28 to rotate, and the clearance between the extrusion screw 28 and the inner wall of the powder bin 29 is reserved within 0.1; the transition bin has been seted up to powder feed bin 29's throat, the transition bin accepts the second kind of powder that mends powder bin 30 and transport, realize in the powder material free flow who mends in the powder bin 30 arrives powder feed bin 29, it is rotatory under extrusion screw 28's the drive of extrusion motor 27, because the screw runner on extrusion screw 28 surface can realize the squeezing action, extrude the powder of powder feed bin 29 to nozzle 31 department gradually, the diameter 0.2mm osculum has been seted up on the nozzle 31, the powder of being extruded can be followed this osculum blowout, in the powder in blowout powder bin, the powder of mending powder bin 30 constantly supplements the powder in powder feed bin 29 flows under the action of gravity. Thus, by continuing extrusion-replenishment-extrusion, extrusion of the second powder material can be achieved. It should be noted that the powder supplementing bin 30 and the powder bin 29 are both loaded with the second powder material, which is different from the first powder material in the powder cylinder, so as to achieve the functions of spreading the powder by the scraper 24 and spreading the powder by the screw.
In this embodiment, the powder suction assembly includes a negative pressure air pipe, a powder suction nozzle and a dust collector, one end of the negative pressure air pipe is connected to the powder suction nozzle, the other end of the negative pressure air pipe is connected to the dust collector, and the powder suction nozzle and the powder spray nozzle are arranged in parallel on the same horizontal plane.
In the multi-material printing manufacturing process, before powder is extruded by a screw on a current processing plane to be spread, the originally existing powder in a region where the powder is to be extruded is sucked out through a powder suction assembly, and after the originally existing powder is sucked out, the region where the powder is to be extruded is vacated, so that the extruded powder is just spread in the region; otherwise the extruded powder will be higher than the current layer surface, so that the extruded powder will be pushed away during the return of the scraper 24 and the area of the extruded powder will be damaged, and the purpose of multi-material spreading cannot be achieved. It is therefore necessary to suck the originally present powder away through the suction nozzle 32 and through the suction air duct to the vacuum cleaner.
The bottom of the powder bin 29 is provided with a clamping groove block 33, the clamping groove block 33 is provided with two parallel clamping grooves, the powder nozzle and the powder suction nozzle correspondingly extend out of the corresponding clamping grooves respectively and are fixed on the clamping groove block 33, and the bottom end of the scraper 24 is positioned below the powder nozzle and the powder suction nozzle. The nozzle 31 and the suction nozzle 32 are fixed on a plane through a slot block 33, when in work, the negative pressure air pipe is connected with an external dust collector, and then the extrusion assembly moves through the movement of the connecting beam 4 (at the moment, the extrusion motor 27 does not work), so that the dust collector is moved while sucking out powder, and the regional powder suction function can be realized.
In this embodiment, according to the requirements of the multi-material forming process, the cross-sectional shape of each layer of parts can be set to have different material properties in different areas by a program in the printing process, as shown in fig. 9, the left half of the rectangular cross section can be set to be made of an aluminum alloy material, and the right half of the rectangular cross section is made of a stainless steel material; or the section is circular, the outer ring is made of titanium alloy material, and the inner ring is made of stainless steel material. After the material property of the area of the cross section shape of each layer is set, the material property area is calculated by a computer program to be respectively paved and extruded, and different materials in different areas are realized by paving and feeding powder A and extruding powder B. For example, a layer of aluminum alloy material is first spread and fed by a scraper 24, and then the right area of the rectangular section is sucked out by a powder sucking component, so that a rectangular vacancy with a half area is obtained. And then the computer controls the X-axis movement and the Y-axis movement of the hanging block 14, the motor drives the X, Y direction movement of the extrusion assembly, and the extrusion motor 27 is turned on while moving through the movement of the reciprocating Z-shaped route, so that the nozzle 31 can move and extrude the stainless steel powder, and the extrusion of the stainless steel powder on the right side of the rectangle is realized. After the half-side rectangular area moves, the extruded powder area is leveled back by the scraper 24, so that the material spreading and conveying function of each half of the rectangle is achieved. The movement path of the powder suction is consistent with the path of the powder extrusion, so that the aim of overlapping the powder suction area and the powder extrusion area is fulfilled.
As shown in fig. 10, the extrusion assembly can be driven by the hanging block 14 to move in the Y-axis direction and the X-axis direction, and the movement track of the extrusion assembly can realize zigzag reciprocating movement as shown in a diagram a, or can realize zigzag movement as shown in a diagram B, so as to realize the powder extrusion in a specific area. It should be noted that, when the program sets the powder characteristic requirement of the irregular pattern, the motion trajectory of the extrusion assembly also needs to be adjusted accordingly, and the extrusion is performed selectively according to the outline region of the pattern, so as to achieve the extrusion mode according to the requirement of the pattern region, and if the region shown in diagram C is a circular ring outline, the motion trajectory should be included in the circular ring region.
By adopting the technical scheme disclosed by the invention, the following beneficial effects are obtained:
the invention provides a screw type multi-material powder supply device for a selective laser melting process, which realizes the purpose of paving and conveying two different kinds of powder in manufacturing by combining a mode of extruding powder by a screw and paving and conveying the powder by a scraper. The screw can rotate to extrude the powder, and the whole process has no air pressure, so that the plane of the laid first powder cannot be damaged; before powder feeding, a dust collector is adopted to suck out first powder to be exchanged and lay second powder, and different materials in different areas are laid through the area powder suction function.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and such modifications and improvements should also be considered within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A screw type multi-material powder supply device for a selective laser melting process is characterized in that: comprises a supporting part and a powder supply part; the supporting part comprises two supporting beams which are arranged in parallel and at intervals; the powder supply part comprises a connecting beam, a scraper component, a screw extrusion mechanism, a powder suction component, a first driving component and a second driving component, the connecting beam is perpendicular to the supporting beams, and two ends of the connecting beam are respectively connected with the two supporting beams; the scraper assembly is arranged at the bottom of the connecting beam, the connecting beam is connected with the first driving assembly, and the scraper assembly is driven by the first driving assembly to reciprocate along the length direction of the supporting beam along with the connecting beam; the screw extrusion mechanism, the powder suction assembly and the second driving assembly are all arranged on the connecting beam, the powder suction assembly is connected with the screw extrusion mechanism, the screw extrusion mechanism is connected with the second driving assembly, and the powder suction assembly and the screw extrusion mechanism are driven by the second driving assembly to reciprocate along the length direction of the connecting beam; two different powder materials are stored in the scraper assembly and the screw extrusion mechanism.
2. The multiple material powder supply apparatus in screw form for use in a selective laser melting process of claim 1, wherein: the supporting beam comprises a guide rail beam and two supporting seats arranged at intervals, two ends of the guide rail beam are respectively fixedly connected with the two supporting seats, and a first guide rail extending along the length direction of the guide rail beam is arranged on the guide rail beam; two ends of the connecting beam are respectively provided with a first sliding block correspondingly matched and connected with the first guide rail on the two guide rail beams; the first driving assembly comprises a driving motor, a driving shaft, a driving belt wheel, a driven belt wheel and a conveying belt; the two supporting seats belonging to the same supporting beam are respectively provided with a driving belt wheel and a driven belt wheel, the driving belt wheel and the driven belt wheel are respectively provided with a conveying belt in a winding mode, two ends of the connecting beam are respectively fixedly connected with the two conveying belts, the two driving belt wheels are fixedly arranged on the driving shaft, the driving shaft is connected with the driving motor, the driving motor drives the driving belt wheels to rotate, and then the driving belt drives the connecting beam to move along the first guide rail in a reciprocating mode.
3. The multiple material powder supply apparatus in screw form for use in a selective laser melting process of claim 2, wherein: the upper surface of the guide rail beam is provided with a guide groove along the length direction of the guide rail beam, the first guide rail is arranged in the guide groove, and the top of the first guide rail extends out of the guide groove; two ends of the connecting beam are respectively connected with the first sliding block through a U-shaped cushion block; the cushion block is fixed above the first sliding block, a channel is formed between the cushion block and the first sliding block, the part, located below the transmission belt, penetrates through the channel, a pressing block is arranged at the top of the cushion block, and the part, located above the transmission belt, of the pressing block is fixedly connected with the cushion block.
4. The multiple material powder supply apparatus in screw form for use in a selective laser melting process of claim 3, wherein: the scraper component comprises a vertical plate, a mounting seat, a scraper, a fixed beam and a powder cylinder; the lower surface of the connecting beam is provided with two vertical plates extending downwards at intervals along the length direction of the connecting beam, two ends of the fixed beam are fixedly connected with extending ends of the two vertical plates respectively, the mounting seat is arranged on the lower surface of the fixed beam, the lower surface of the mounting seat is provided with a mounting groove parallel to the fixed beam, the scraper is mounted in the mounting groove, and the lower end of the scraper extends out of the mounting groove; the outlet of the powder cylinder is positioned in the area where the scraper moves; the powder cylinder stores a first powder material therein.
5. The device of claim 4 for providing powder for multiple materials in screw for use in a selective laser melting process, wherein: the upper surface of the connecting beam is provided with a second guide rail extending along the length direction of the connecting beam; the screw extrusion mechanism comprises a screw, a nut, a hoisting block, a screw motor and an extrusion assembly, the screw motor is connected with the screw, the screw is parallel to the second guide rail and is arranged on the connecting beam, the nut is meshed with the screw, the hoisting block is fixedly connected with the nut, the hoisting block extends downwards, and the extrusion assembly is arranged at the extending end of the hoisting block; and a second sliding block is arranged on the hoisting block and correspondingly matched and connected with the second guide rail.
6. The device of claim 5 for providing powder for multiple materials in screw for use in a selective laser melting process, wherein: the extrusion assembly comprises an extrusion motor, an extrusion screw and a powder bin; the extrusion screw rod extends vertically downwards, the powder bin is arranged below the extrusion screw rod, the upper end of the extrusion screw rod is connected with the extrusion motor, the lower end of the basic screw rod extends into the powder bin, and the bottom of the powder bin is provided with a powder spray nozzle communicated with the outside; the powder silo stores a second powder material therein.
7. The device of claim 6 for providing powder for multiple materials in screw for use in a selective laser melting process, wherein: hang and put and be provided with the U-shaped groove of dodging on the piece, the tie-beam passes dodge the groove, the lower extreme of hanging the piece is connected with vertical downwardly extending's fixed plate, one side of fixed plate is provided with the connecting seat, extrusion motor sets up on the connecting seat, the powder feed bin with connecting seat fixed connection.
8. The multiple material powder supply apparatus in screw form for use in a selective laser melting process of claim 7, wherein: the extrusion assembly further comprises a transition bin and a material supplementing bin, the transition bin is connected to the top of the powder bin, the transition bin is communicated with the bottom of the material supplementing bin, the material supplementing bin is located above the transition bin, and the material supplementing bin conveys powder inside the material supplementing bin to the transition bin through the action of gravity; the powder supplementing bin and the connecting seat are oppositely arranged on the other side of the fixing plate.
9. The multiple material powder supply apparatus in screw form for use in a selective laser melting process of claim 8, wherein: the powder suction assembly comprises a negative pressure air pipe, a powder suction nozzle and a dust collector, one end of the negative pressure air pipe is connected with the powder suction nozzle, the other end of the negative pressure air pipe is connected with the dust collector, and the powder suction nozzle and the powder spray nozzle are arranged on the same horizontal plane in parallel; the powder bin is characterized in that a clamping groove block is arranged at the bottom of the powder bin, two parallel clamping grooves are formed in the clamping groove block, the powder nozzle and the powder suction nozzle correspondingly extend out of the corresponding clamping grooves respectively and are fixed on the clamping groove block, and the bottom end of the scraper is located below the powder nozzle and the powder suction nozzle.
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| CN202011247939.XA CN112207290A (en) | 2020-11-10 | 2020-11-10 | Screw type multi-material powder supply device for selective laser melting process |
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| CN202011247939.XA CN112207290A (en) | 2020-11-10 | 2020-11-10 | Screw type multi-material powder supply device for selective laser melting process |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113232296A (en) * | 2021-03-31 | 2021-08-10 | 上海工程技术大学 | Powder paving device and powder paving method for laser additive manufacturing |
| CN113714519A (en) * | 2021-11-03 | 2021-11-30 | 西安赛隆金属材料有限责任公司 | Additive manufacturing device and method |
| CN113927048A (en) * | 2021-09-16 | 2022-01-14 | 首都航天机械有限公司 | Selective powder laying device for selective laser melting and forming of large thin-walled part |
-
2020
- 2020-11-10 CN CN202011247939.XA patent/CN112207290A/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113232296A (en) * | 2021-03-31 | 2021-08-10 | 上海工程技术大学 | Powder paving device and powder paving method for laser additive manufacturing |
| CN113927048A (en) * | 2021-09-16 | 2022-01-14 | 首都航天机械有限公司 | Selective powder laying device for selective laser melting and forming of large thin-walled part |
| CN113714519A (en) * | 2021-11-03 | 2021-11-30 | 西安赛隆金属材料有限责任公司 | Additive manufacturing device and method |
| CN113714519B (en) * | 2021-11-03 | 2022-04-08 | 西安赛隆金属材料有限责任公司 | Additive manufacturing device and method |
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