CN112205545A - Preparation method of liver-protecting intestine-protecting fermented penaeus vannamei granule - Google Patents
Preparation method of liver-protecting intestine-protecting fermented penaeus vannamei granule Download PDFInfo
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- 241000238553 Litopenaeus vannamei Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 title claims description 27
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- 235000012054 meals Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 210000004185 liver Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 235000019764 Soybean Meal Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000004455 soybean meal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 210000000936 intestine Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000006041 probiotic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 235000018291 probiotics Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000003449 preventive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 240000004808 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Species 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 235000014680 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- JLPULHDHAOZNQI-ZTIMHPMXSA-N 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(9Z,12Z-octadecadienoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@H](COP([O-])(=O)OCC[N+](C)(C)C)OC(=O)CCCCCCC\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCC JLPULHDHAOZNQI-ZTIMHPMXSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 241000194108 Bacillus licheniformis Species 0.000 claims abstract description 9
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- 235000014469 Bacillus subtilis Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 9
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- FFEARJCKVFRZRR-BYPYZUCNSA-N L-methionine Chemical compound CSCC[C@H](N)C(O)=O FFEARJCKVFRZRR-BYPYZUCNSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
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- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 claims abstract description 9
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- MBLBDJOUHNCFQT-LXGUWJNJSA-N aldehydo-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine Chemical compound CC(=O)N[C@@H](C=O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO MBLBDJOUHNCFQT-LXGUWJNJSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium bis(dihydrogenphosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].OP(O)([O-])=O.OP(O)([O-])=O YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 9
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- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
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- 229930182817 methionine Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 9
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- 235000019691 monocalcium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 9
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- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000004456 rapeseed meal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229940081969 saccharomyces cerevisiae Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000001506 calcium phosphate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910000150 monocalcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 claims abstract description 6
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- 230000029058 respiratory gaseous exchange Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
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- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims description 18
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- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 8
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- AZJQQNWSSLCLJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethoxyquinoline Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=NC(OCC)=CC=C21 AZJQQNWSSLCLJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- JXKPEJDQGNYQSM-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium propionate Chemical compound [Na+].CCC([O-])=O JXKPEJDQGNYQSM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
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- 239000004324 sodium propionate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229960003212 sodium propionate Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004255 Butylated hydroxyanisole Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004322 Butylated hydroxytoluene Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butylhydroxytoluene Chemical compound CC1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- BCZXFFBUYPCTSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium propionate Chemical compound [Ca+2].CCC([O-])=O.CCC([O-])=O BCZXFFBUYPCTSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019282 butylated hydroxyanisole Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- CZBZUDVBLSSABA-UHFFFAOYSA-N butylated hydroxyanisole Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1.COC1=CC=C(O)C=C1C(C)(C)C CZBZUDVBLSSABA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940043253 butylated hydroxyanisole Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000010354 butylated hydroxytoluene Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940095259 butylated hydroxytoluene Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000010331 calcium propionate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004330 calcium propionate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- BWILYWWHXDGKQA-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium propanoate Chemical compound [K+].CCC([O-])=O BWILYWWHXDGKQA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
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- 239000004331 potassium propionate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940062672 calcium dihydrogen phosphate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000389 calcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 claims 1
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 8
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- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
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- 241000235342 Saccharomycetes Species 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
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- 229940039696 lactobacillus Drugs 0.000 abstract description 3
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- 210000001630 jejunum Anatomy 0.000 description 5
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- 229920001503 Glucan Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 241000927735 Penaeus Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000003242 anti bacterial agent Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000002784 stomach Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 239000004382 Amylase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 102000013142 Amylases Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010065511 Amylases Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000238421 Arthropoda Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000238424 Crustacea Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000035240 Disease Resistance Diseases 0.000 description 1
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- 102000004882 Lipase Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090001060 Lipase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000004367 Lipase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000057 Mannan Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- 108091005804 Peptidases Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000004365 Protease Substances 0.000 description 1
- 102100037486 Reverse transcriptase/ribonuclease H Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 241000607598 Vibrio Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010047400 Vibrio infections Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 235000019418 amylase Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000036737 immune function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007365 immunoregulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002917 insecticide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000968 intestinal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 210000004347 intestinal mucosa Anatomy 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/80—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/12—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes by fermentation of natural products, e.g. of vegetable material, animal waste material or biomass
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K40/00—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K40/10—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs by agglomeration; by granulation, e.g. making powders
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
- Y02A40/818—Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Birds (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Physiology (AREA)
- Fodder In General (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a liver-protecting and intestine-protecting fermented Penaeus vannamei Boone granular feed, which comprises the steps of mixing flour, corn germ meal, fish oil, soybean lecithin oil, fish meal, shrimp shell meal, shrimp paste, soybean meal, fermented soybean meal, rapeseed meal, cottonseed meal, monocalcium phosphate, fine stone powder, vitamin premix, mineral premix, lysine, methionine, an antioxidant and a mildew preventive according to a certain proportion, granulating at high temperature and high pressure, inoculating a mixed bacterial solution prepared according to the proportion of enzyme-producing bacillus licheniformis, bacillus subtilis, lactobacillus plantarum, lactobacillus acidophilus and saccharomyces cerevisiae when the temperature is reduced to 30-40 ℃, filling the mixed bacterial solution into a breathing bag, and fermenting for 96-168 hours to prepare the liver-protecting and intestine-protecting fermented Penaeus vannamei Boone granular feed. The feed is rich in various probiotics such as lactobacillus, bacillus, saccharomycetes and the like, is rich in small peptide, amino acid and lactic acid, and has the advantages of good food calling property, comprehensive nutrition, high content of bacterial enzyme, good digestion and absorption, low content of anti-nutritional factors, liver and intestine protection and strong growth promoting capability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of feed and microbial fermentation, in particular to a preparation method of a liver-protecting and intestine-protecting fermented penaeus vannamei granule.
Background
Penaeus vannamei (Penaeus vannamei) is a genus of Penaeus of the family Penaeus of the phylum Arthropoda, class Crustacea, order Decupetales. The fishery statistics yearbook in 2019 shows that 4991 ten thousand tons of aquaculture total amount in China in 2018 account for 67% of the aquaculture total amount in the world, wherein 176.1 ten thousand tons of penaeus vannamei boone is cultured and accounts for 3.52% of the aquaculture total amount in China, 5.26% of the amount is increased compared with 167.2 ten thousand tons in 2017, and the first position of the shrimp aquaculture variety is listed. The huge aquaculture amount also promotes the rapid increase of the feed amount in China, so that China also becomes the biggest aquatic feed producing country in the world. The total amount of the aquatic feed in 2019 is 2202.9 ten thousand tons, the percentage of the aquatic feed is increased from 9.3% to 9.6% in 2018, and the aquatic feed is continuously positioned in the first place in the world.
In recent years, with the intensive and large-scale development of domestic penaeus vannamei boone cultivation, the prawn cultivation density is continuously increased, the cultivation water quality environment is continuously deteriorated, the resistance of the prawn organism is reduced, symptoms such as white feces, jejunum and empty stomach are frequently caused, the growth speed of the prawn is reduced, the survival rate is reduced, and the cultivation cost of farmers is increased. Research shows that the digestive systems of liver, pancreas, intestinal tract and the like of prawns are underdeveloped, the intestinal tract is short and small compared with other aquatic animals, the intestinal wall is thin, and the time for food to stay in the digestive tract is short. Once the conditions of vibrio infection, water quality substrate deterioration, aquatic product drug abuse (antibiotics, disinfectants and insecticides) and the like occur, the liver, pancreas and intestinal tracts of prawns are easily damaged to different degrees, so that the liver function and intestinal function of the prawns are further hindered, and the phenomena of white feces, jejunum, empty stomach and the like of the prawns occur. The abuse of the drugs can not only destroy the digestion and immune systems of prawns, leading to the damage of the digestion and immune systems, but also increase the disease resistance of pathogenic bacteria such as vibrio and the like, and generate drug resistance. Meanwhile, the abuse of antibiotics and other drugs is easy to remain in the bodies of the prawns, and certain threat is also formed to the food safety of consumers.
The probiotics is microbial thallus screened from natural environment, can be prepared into a preparation containing a large amount of beneficial live bacteria after culture, purification and propagation, and is widely used in aquaculture and aquatic feed in China, such as: lactic acid bacteria, bacillus, yeast, etc.; the lactobacillus can be planted in the intestinal tract of the prawn, can resist gram-negative pathogenic bacteria, enhance the anti-infection capacity, enhance the immunoregulation activity of the intestinal mucosa and promote the growth; the bacillus can secrete protease, amylase, lipase and the like, can degrade macromolecular organic matters in the aquatic feed, promotes digestion and absorption, and improves the feed utilization rate; the yeast is a source of vitamins and proteins, the active component yeast glucan in the cell wall of the yeast glucan can enhance the immune function of the prawn, and the mannan can promote the propagation of beneficial bacteria in the intestinal tract of the prawn. However, the probiotics are not resistant to high temperature and high pressure, and the prawn feed granulation stage needs high temperature and high pressure, so that the problem of how to increase and maintain the quantity of the probiotics in the prawn feed and ensure the stability of the feed in water becomes a problem when the probiotics are added in the prawn feed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a preparation method of a liver and intestine protecting fermented penaeus vannamei granule, and the prepared penaeus vannamei granule has the advantages of high viable bacteria content, convenience in feeding, good stability in water and liver and intestine protecting function, so as to solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a preparation method of a liver and intestine protecting fermented Penaeus vannamei Boone granule comprises the following steps:
step 1: preparing flour, corn germ meal, fish oil, soybean phospholipid oil, fish meal, shrimp shell meal, shrimp paste, soybean meal, fermented soybean meal, rapeseed meal, cottonseed meal, calcium dihydrogen phosphate, fine stone powder, vitamin premix, mineral premix, lysine, methionine, an antioxidant and a mildew preventive into granules by high-temperature high-pressure curing according to a proportion, and cooling to 30-40 ℃ according to probiotic liquid;
step 2: the fully-cooked granular material is prepared by inoculating a mixed bacterial liquid prepared from bacillus licheniformis, bacillus subtilis, lactobacillus plantarum, lactobacillus acidophilus, saccharomyces cerevisiae and the like according to a certain proportion into a ratio of 1.5-4:10, filling the mixed bacterial liquid into a breathing bag, and fermenting for 96-168 hours to obtain the prawn fermentation type granular material with the effects of protecting liver and intestines.
Further, the fully-cooked pellet feed comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 10-13% of flour, 2-6% of corn germ meal, 1-3% of fish oil, 1-3% of soybean oil, 1.5% of soybean lecithin oil, 6-10% of fish meal, 2-6% of shrimp shell meal, 2-4% of shrimp paste, 6-26% of soybean meal, 3-5% of fermented soybean meal, 6-12% of rapeseed meal, 8-20% of cottonseed meal, 2.0% of monocalcium phosphate, 2.5-5% of fine stone powder, 0.2% of vitamin premix, 1.0% of mineral premix, 0.1-0.4% of lysine, 0.1-0.25% of methionine, 0.01% of antioxidant and 0.05-0.2% of mildew preventive.
Furthermore, the weight ratio of the probiotic liquid to the fully-cooked granular material in the fermentation material is preferably 2: 10.
Further, the fermentation probiotic strains are commercially available enzyme-producing bacillus licheniformis, bacillus subtilis, lactobacillus plantarum, lactobacillus acidophilus and saccharomyces cerevisiae, and the fermentation time is preferably 120-168 h.
Further, the antioxidant is one of ethoxyquinoline, butylated hydroxytoluene and butylated hydroxyanisole.
Further, the mildew preventive is one of calcium propionate, sodium propionate and potassium propionate.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the feed prepared by the process is rich in various probiotics such as lactobacillus, bacillus, saccharomycetes and the like, is rich in small peptide, amino acid and lactic acid, and has the characteristics of good food calling property, comprehensive nutrition, high content of bacterial enzyme, good digestion and absorption, low content of anti-nutritional factors, liver and intestine protection, strong growth promoting capability and the like.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
126kg of flour, 50kg of corn germ meal, 17kg of fish oil, 17kg of soybean oil, 15kg of soybean phospholipid oil, 80kg of fish meal, 50kg of shrimp shell meal, 30kg of shrimp paste, 237kg of soybean meal, 40kg of fermented soybean meal, 88kg of rapeseed meal, 170kg of cottonseed meal, 20kg of monocalcium phosphate, 40kg of fine stone powder, 2kg of vitamin premix, 10kg of mineral premix, 3.5kg of lysine, 2.5kg of methionine, 0.1kg of antioxidant and 2kg of mildew preventive are uniformly mixed, and then the mixture is prepared into fully-cooked granules at high temperature and high pressure, and when the temperature is reduced to 40 ℃, mixed bacteria liquid prepared according to a certain proportion of 2:10 of probiotic bacteria liquid, namely fully-cooked granules, is inoculated with mixed bacteria liquid prepared according to a certain proportion of bacillus licheniformis, bacillus subtilis, lactobacillus plantarum, lactobacillus acidophilus, saccharomyces cerevisiae and the like, and after the mixed bacteria liquid is bagged and fermented for 96 hours, the prawn fermented granular feed with the effect of protecting liver and intestines is prepared.
The antioxidant is ethoxyquinoline, and the mildew preventive is calcium propionate.
Example 2
After 116kg of flour, 40kg of corn germ meal, 17kg of fish oil, 17kg of soybean oil, 15kg of soybean phospholipid oil, 80kg of fish meal, 40.6kg of shrimp shell meal, 40kg of shrimp paste, 257kg of soybean meal, 30kg of fermented soybean meal, 120kg of rapeseed meal, 158kg of cottonseed meal, 20kg of monocalcium phosphate, 30kg of fine stone powder, 2kg of vitamin premix, 10kg of mineral premix, 3kg of lysine, 2.4kg of methionine, 0.1kg of antioxidant and 2kg of mildew preventive are uniformly mixed, and then are prepared into fully-ripened granular materials at high temperature and high pressure, mixed bacterial liquids prepared according to a certain proportion of bacillus licheniformis, bacillus subtilis, lactobacillus plantarum, lactobacillus acidophilus, saccharomyces cerevisiae and the like are inoculated into the fully-ripened granular feed for protecting liver and intestines when the temperature is reduced to 30 ℃, and the fermented granular feed for prawns with the effect of protecting liver and intestines is prepared after being bagged and fermented.
The antioxidant is ethoxyquinoline, and the mildew preventive is sodium propionate.
Example 3
100kg of flour, 60kg of corn germ meal, 10kg of fish oil, 10kg of soybean oil, 15kg of soybean phospholipid oil, 100kg of fish meal, 60kg of shrimp shell meal, 20kg of shrimp paste, 260kg of soybean meal, 30kg of fermented soybean meal, 60kg of rapeseed meal, 80kg of cottonseed meal, 20kg of monocalcium phosphate, 25kg of fine stone powder, 2kg of vitamin premix, 10kg of mineral premix, 1kg of lysine, 1kg of methionine, 0.1kg of antioxidant and 0.5kg of mildew preventive are uniformly mixed, and then the mixture is prepared into fully-cooked granular materials through high temperature and high pressure, and when the temperature is reduced to 35 ℃, mixed bacteria liquid prepared according to a certain proportion of probiotic bacteria liquid, namely fully-cooked granular materials, is inoculated into mixed bacteria liquid prepared according to a certain proportion, such as enzyme-producing bacillus licheniformis, bacillus subtilis, lactobacillus plantarum, lactobacillus acidophilus, saccharomyces cerevisiae and the like, and the mixed bacteria liquid is bagged and fermented for 100 hours to prepare the prawn fermented granular feed with the effect of protecting liver and intestines.
The antioxidant is butylated hydroxytoluene, and the mildew preventive is sodium propionate.
Example 4
130kg of flour, 20kg of corn germ meal, 30kg of fish oil, 30kg of soybean oil, 15kg of soybean phospholipid oil, 60kg of fish meal, 20kg of shrimp shell meal, 40kg of shrimp paste, 60kg of soybean meal, 50kg of fermented soybean meal, 120kg of rapeseed meal, 200kg of cottonseed meal, 20kg of monocalcium phosphate, 50kg of fine stone powder, 2kg of vitamin premix, 10kg of mineral premix, 4kg of lysine, 2.5kg of methionine, 0.1kg of antioxidant and 2kg of mildew preventive are uniformly mixed, and then the mixture is prepared into fully-cooked granular materials through high temperature and high pressure, and when the temperature is reduced to 35 ℃, mixed bacteria liquid prepared according to a certain proportion of probiotic bacteria liquid, namely fully-cooked granular materials, is inoculated into mixed bacteria liquid prepared according to a certain proportion of bacillus licheniformis, bacillus subtilis, lactobacillus plantarum, lactobacillus acidophilus, saccharomyces cerevisiae and the like, and the prawn fermented granular feeds with the effect of protecting liver and intestines are prepared after being bagged and fermented for 120 hours.
The antioxidant is butylated hydroxyanisole, and the mildew preventive is potassium propionate.
Test examples
Experiments are carried out in an industrial indoor culture tank of a certain island in the Zhoushan, 20 culture tanks (culture water bodies are all 0.8L/tank) in the same culture room are selected, the culture tanks are randomly distributed into 5 treatment groups (4 repetition/group), the stocking number is 320 tail/tank, the number of the treatment group one test tank is 1, 3, 5 and 7, and the prawn fermentation material is prepared according to the example 1 every day: feeding the common penaeus vannamei commercial material in a ratio of 3: 7; the treatment group II test jars are numbered 9, 11, 13 and 15, and the prawn fermentation material of the example 2 is used for each day: feeding the common penaeus vannamei commercial material in a ratio of 3: 7; the three treatment groups of the test jars are numbered 10, 12, 14 and 16, and the prawn fermentation material of the example 3 is used for each day: feeding the common penaeus vannamei commercial material in a ratio of 3: 7; the four treatment groups of the test jars are numbered 17, 18, 19 and 20, and the prawn fermentation material of the example 4 is used for each day: feeding the common penaeus vannamei commercial material in a ratio of 3: 7; the five control jars of the treatment groups were numbered 2, 4, 6, 8, and were fed daily with only normal commercial pellets of penaeus vannamei. And (4) comparing the results: after culturing for 60 days, observing the health condition of shrimps in each jar, weighing the total weight of the shrimps and the total number of the shrimps in each jar, and calculating the average specification and survival rate of the shrimps; and meanwhile, the feed feeding amount of each culture tank is counted, and the feed coefficient is calculated. The following table is a statistical table of the effect of industrial culture of the penaeus vannamei boone: the results of the experiment are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 Penaeus vannamei Boone factory indoor culture test data
As can be seen directly from table 1, the survival rate of the first treatment group is 90.63%, the survival rate of the second treatment group is 90.86%, the survival rate of the third treatment group is 89.85%, the survival rate of the fourth treatment group is 88.89%, the survival rate of the fifth treatment group is 85.93%, the survival rate of the first treatment group is increased by 4.7% compared with the survival rate of the fifth treatment group, the survival rate of the second treatment group is increased by 4.93% compared with the survival rate of the fifth treatment group, the survival rate of the third treatment group is increased by 3.92% compared with the survival rate of the fifth treatment group, the survival rate of the fourth treatment group is increased by 2.96% compared with the survival rate of the fifth treatment group (the number of deaths caused by the problems of jejunum, gastrum and liver and pancreas during the cultivation process is large); the shrimp yield of the first treatment group is 3.222 kg/jar, the shrimp yield of the second treatment group is 3.432 kg/jar, the shrimp yield of the third treatment group is 3.132 kg/jar, the shrimp yield of the fourth treatment group is 3.212 kg/jar, the shrimp yield of the fifth treatment group is 2.865 kg/jar, the shrimp yield of each jar of the first treatment group is 12.5% higher than that of the fifth treatment group, the shrimp yield of each jar of the second treatment group is 19.8% higher than that of the fifth treatment group, the shrimp yield of each jar of the third treatment group is 9.3% higher than that of the fifth treatment group, and the shrimp yield of each jar of the fourth treatment group is 12.1% higher than that of the fifth treatment group; meanwhile, the feed coefficient of the first treatment group is 1.02, the feed coefficient of the second treatment group is 0.18 lower than that of the fifth treatment group, the feed coefficient of the second treatment group is 1.01 lower than that of the fifth treatment group is 0.19 lower than that of the fifth treatment group, the feed coefficient of the third treatment group is 1.05 lower than that of the fifth treatment group is 0.15 lower than that of the fifth treatment group, the feed coefficient of the fourth treatment group is 1.06 lower than that of the fifth treatment group, and the feed coefficient of the fifth treatment group is 0.14 lower than that of the fifth treatment group, so that the method disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the survival rate and the culture yield of the penaeus vannamei in the factory indoor culture tank are improved by feeding 30% of the prawn fermentation materials in the first treatment group, the second treatment group, the third treatment.
The prawn feed is first cooked, sterilized and pelletized, and then mixed with mixed bacterial liquid of lactic acid bacteria, bacillus, saccharomycete, etc. in market, which is screened strictly through several tests in certain proportion, and the mixed bacterial liquid is stirred and mixed homogeneously before fermentation to obtain ideal fermentation effect. The prepared fermentation material is as follows: the fermented flavor is sufficient, and the content of viable bacteria reaches 108-109CFU/g, high small peptide content, greatly reduced anti-nutritional factor content, long preservation time, and capability of effectively preventing and reducing the white feces of prawns and the jejunum and jejunum stomachic phenomena to a certain extent.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be able to cover the technical solutions and the inventive concepts of the present invention within the technical scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A preparation method of a liver and intestine protecting fermented Penaeus vannamei Boone granule is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: preparing flour, corn germ meal, fish oil, soybean phospholipid oil, fish meal, shrimp shell meal, shrimp paste, soybean meal, fermented soybean meal, rapeseed meal, cottonseed meal, calcium dihydrogen phosphate, fine stone powder, vitamin premix, mineral premix, lysine, methionine, an antioxidant and a mildew preventive into granules by high-temperature high-pressure curing according to a proportion, and cooling to 30-40 ℃ according to probiotic liquid;
step 2: the fully-cooked granular material is prepared by inoculating a mixed bacterial liquid prepared from bacillus licheniformis, bacillus subtilis, lactobacillus plantarum, lactobacillus acidophilus, saccharomyces cerevisiae and the like according to a certain proportion into a ratio of 1.5-4:10, filling the mixed bacterial liquid into a breathing bag, and fermenting for 96-168 hours to obtain the prawn fermentation type granular material with the effects of protecting liver and intestines.
2. The preparation method of the liver and intestine protecting fermented penaeus vannamei boone granule as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fully-cooked granulated feed comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 10-13% of flour, 2-6% of corn germ meal, 1-3% of fish oil, 1-3% of soybean oil, 1.5% of soybean lecithin oil, 6-10% of fish meal, 2-6% of shrimp shell meal, 2-4% of shrimp paste, 6-26% of soybean meal, 3-5% of fermented soybean meal, 6-12% of rapeseed meal, 8-20% of cottonseed meal, 2.0% of monocalcium phosphate, 2.5-5% of fine stone powder, 0.2% of vitamin premix, 1.0% of mineral premix, 0.1-0.4% of lysine, 0.1-0.25% of methionine, 0.01% of antioxidant and 0.05-0.2% of mildew preventive.
3. The preparation method of the liver and intestine protecting fermented Penaeus vannamei Boone granule as claimed in claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of the probiotic liquid to the fully-cooked granule in the fermented feed is preferably 2: 10.
4. The preparation method of the liver-protecting intestine-fermenting penaeus vannamei granule as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fermenting probiotic bacteria are commercially available enzymes-producing bacillus licheniformis, bacillus subtilis, lactobacillus plantarum, lactobacillus acidophilus and saccharomyces cerevisiae, and the fermentation time is preferably 120-168 h.
5. The method for preparing the liver-protecting intestine-protecting fermented penaeus vannamei granule as claimed in claim 1, wherein the antioxidant is one of ethoxyquinoline, butylated hydroxytoluene and butylated hydroxyanisole.
6. The method for preparing fermented Penaeus vannamei Boone granule for protecting liver and intestines as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mildew inhibitor is one of calcium propionate, sodium propionate and potassium propionate.
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| CN114223808A (en) * | 2021-12-09 | 2022-03-25 | 南京宝辉生物饲料有限公司 | Penaeus vannamei feed prepared from multiple strains and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN114223809A (en) * | 2021-12-09 | 2022-03-25 | 南京宝辉生物饲料有限公司 | Fermented feed for crabs as well as preparation method and application of fermented feed |
| CN115024445A (en) * | 2022-07-08 | 2022-09-09 | 福建傲凯生物科技有限公司 | Fermented complete shrimp feed and preparation method thereof |
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