CN112198404A - 一种船舶电缆绝缘受海水腐蚀程度评估方法 - Google Patents

一种船舶电缆绝缘受海水腐蚀程度评估方法 Download PDF

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CN112198404A
CN112198404A CN202011079327.4A CN202011079327A CN112198404A CN 112198404 A CN112198404 A CN 112198404A CN 202011079327 A CN202011079327 A CN 202011079327A CN 112198404 A CN112198404 A CN 112198404A
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盛进路
唐柳
周静
刘星辰
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Chongqing Jiaotong University
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    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01RMEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/12Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing
    • G01R31/1227Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing of components, parts or materials
    • G01R31/1263Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing of components, parts or materials of solid or fluid materials, e.g. insulation films, bulk material; of semiconductors or LV electronic components or parts; of cable, line or wire insulation
    • G01R31/1272Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing of components, parts or materials of solid or fluid materials, e.g. insulation films, bulk material; of semiconductors or LV electronic components or parts; of cable, line or wire insulation of cable, line or wire insulation, e.g. using partial discharge measurements

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Abstract

发明涉及一种船舶电缆绝缘受海水腐蚀程度评估方法,本发明首先用邵氏硬度硬度计测量硬度;利用拉力机测试断裂伸长率;利用介电常数测试仪测量介质常数;获取不不同运行时间下,电缆绝缘材料的硬度,断裂伸长率,介电常数,计算腐蚀的船舶电缆绝缘材料失意系数δ,然后在额定电压U下进行局部放电测量,统计放电量、放电功率,局部放电测试后测试电导率,计算腐蚀的船舶电缆绝缘材料放电强度系数ρ,计算船舶电缆腐蚀程度的表征因子η,实现船舶电缆绝缘受海水腐蚀程度评估。

Description

一种船舶电缆绝缘受海水腐蚀程度评估方法
技术领域
本发明属于评估船舶电缆绝缘受海水腐蚀程度领域,具体涉及一种船舶电缆绝缘受海水腐蚀程度评估方法。
背景技术
船舶电缆敷设于海底,长期浸泡在海水中,由于海水含盐量较高,对电缆具有一定腐蚀性,破坏电缆绝缘从而降低电缆的绝缘性能,威胁电缆的安全运行。目前国内外对船舶电缆绝缘受海水腐蚀程度评估方法较少,大部分被腐蚀的船舶电缆,很少引起工作人员的注意,日复一日,进而演变成严重故障,所以,为了降低腐蚀对电缆安全可靠运行的影响,减少大量的人力和物力,急需一种船舶电缆绝缘受海水腐蚀程度评估方法,该方法能够对在海上运行的不同时限的电缆被腐蚀程度进行准确评估。
发明内容
步骤1:计算腐蚀的船舶电缆绝缘材料失意系数δ
选取实际运行1000h、2000h、3000h、…、t,的船舶电缆绝缘材料为测试样品,t为运行时间,t∈[1000,1000n];n为运行时间倍数,利用邵氏硬度硬度计测量硬度,记为A1,A2,A3,…,An,单位:HA;利用拉力机测试断裂伸长率,记为L1,L2,L3,…,Ln,;利用介电常数测试仪测量介质常数,记为ε1,ε2,ε3,…,εn,获得腐蚀的船舶电缆绝缘材料失意系数δ,以表征船舶电缆绝缘材料改性程度:
Figure BDA0002717743020000011
式中,A为被评估电缆的硬度,L为被评估电缆的断裂伸长率,εr为被评估电缆的介电常数,ε0为完好且未运行电缆的介电常数;i为第i组测试样品的运行时间倍数;
Figure BDA0002717743020000012
为测试样品的平均介电常数,
Figure BDA0002717743020000013
为测试样品的平均硬度,
Figure BDA0002717743020000014
为测试样品的平均断裂伸长率;
步骤2:计算腐蚀的船舶电缆绝缘材料放电强度系数ρ
对步骤1选取的船舶电缆绝缘材料测试样品在运行额定电压U下进行局部放电测量,统计放电量,记为Q1,Q2,Q3,…,Qn,单位:pC;统计放电功率,记为P1,P2,P3,…,Pn,单位:W;在局部放电测试后测试电导率,记为γ1,γ2,γ3,…,γn,单位:S/m;获得船舶电缆绝缘材料放电强度系数ρ:
Figure BDA0002717743020000021
式中,Q为被评估电缆的放电量,P为被评估电缆的放电功率,γ为被评估电缆的电导率,γ0为完好且未运行电缆的电导率;
Figure BDA0002717743020000022
为测试样品的平均放电量,
Figure BDA0002717743020000023
为测试样品的平均放电功率,
Figure BDA0002717743020000024
为测试样品的平均电导率;
步骤3:计算船舶电缆腐蚀程度的表征因子η
Figure BDA0002717743020000025
当0<η≤1,船舶电缆未被腐蚀;
当1<η<2e,船舶电缆被轻度腐蚀;
当η>2e,船舶电缆被重度腐蚀。
本发明的有益效果在于:
能够准确、实时、放便地获取船舶电缆绝缘受海水腐蚀程度,减少更多的工作量,对船舶电缆进行实时的监控,避免电缆故障的发生;
附图说明
图1为船舶电缆绝缘受海水腐蚀程度评估方法流程图
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明作进一步说明:
图1为电缆不规则损伤区域分布的无损检测实验方法流程图,由图1可知,一种船舶电缆绝缘受海水腐蚀程度评估方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤1:计算腐蚀的船舶电缆绝缘材料失意系数δ
选取实际运行1000h、2000h、3000h、…、t,的船舶电缆绝缘材料为测试样品,t为运行时间,t∈[1000,1000n];n为运行时间倍数,利用邵氏硬度硬度计测量硬度,记为A1,A2,A3,…,An,单位:HA;利用拉力机测试断裂伸长率,记为L1,L2,L3,…,Ln,;利用介电常数测试仪测量介质常数,记为ε1,ε2,ε3,…,εn,获得腐蚀的船舶电缆绝缘材料失意系数δ,以表征船舶电缆绝缘材料改性程度:
Figure BDA0002717743020000031
式中,A为被评估电缆的硬度,L为被评估电缆的断裂伸长率,εr为被评估电缆的介电常数,ε0为完好且未运行电缆的介电常数;i为第i组测试样品的运行时间倍数;
Figure BDA0002717743020000032
为测试样品的平均介电常数,
Figure BDA0002717743020000033
为测试样品的平均硬度,
Figure BDA0002717743020000034
为测试样品的平均断裂伸长率;
步骤2:计算腐蚀的船舶电缆绝缘材料放电强度系数ρ
对步骤1选取的船舶电缆绝缘材料测试样品在运行额定电压U下进行局部放电测量,统计放电量,记为Q1,Q2,Q3,…,Qn,单位:pC;统计放电功率,记为P1,P2,P3,…,Pn,单位:W;在局部放电测试后测试电导率,记为γ1,γ2,γ3,…,γn,单位:S/m;获得船舶电缆绝缘材料放电强度系数ρ:
Figure BDA0002717743020000035
式中,Q为被评估电缆的放电量,P为被评估电缆的放电功率,γ为被评估电缆的电导率,γ0为完好且未运行电缆的电导率;
Figure BDA0002717743020000036
为测试样品的平均放电量,
Figure BDA0002717743020000037
为测试样品的平均放电功率,
Figure BDA0002717743020000038
为测试样品的平均电导率;
步骤3:计算船舶电缆腐蚀程度的表征因子η
Figure BDA0002717743020000039
当0<η≤1,船舶电缆未被腐蚀;
当1<η<2e,船舶电缆被轻度腐蚀;
当η>2e,船舶电缆被重度腐蚀。

Claims (1)

1.一种船舶电缆绝缘受海水腐蚀程度评估方法,其特征在于包括以下步骤:
步骤1:计算腐蚀的船舶电缆绝缘材料失意系数δ
选取实际运行1000h、2000h、3000h、…、t,的船舶电缆绝缘材料为测试样品,t为运行时间,t∈[1000,1000n];n为运行时间倍数,利用邵氏硬度硬度计测量硬度,记为A1,A2,A3,…,An,单位:HA;利用拉力机测试断裂伸长率,记为L1,L2,L3,…,Ln,;利用介电常数测试仪测量介质常数,记为ε1,ε2,ε3,…,εn,获得腐蚀的船舶电缆绝缘材料失意系数δ,以表征船舶电缆绝缘材料改性程度:
Figure FDA0002717743010000011
式中,A为被评估电缆的硬度,L为被评估电缆的断裂伸长率,εr为被评估电缆的介电常数,ε0为完好且未运行电缆的介电常数;i为第i组测试样品的运行时间倍数;
Figure FDA0002717743010000019
为测试样品的平均介电常数,
Figure FDA0002717743010000012
为测试样品的平均硬度,
Figure FDA0002717743010000013
为测试样品的平均断裂伸长率;
步骤2:计算腐蚀的船舶电缆绝缘材料放电强度系数ρ
对步骤1选取的船舶电缆绝缘材料测试样品在运行额定电压U下进行局部放电测量,统计放电量,记为Q1,Q2,Q3,…,Qn,单位:pC;统计放电功率,记为P1,P2,P3,…,Pn,单位:W;在局部放电测试后测试电导率,记为γ1,γ2,γ3,…,γn,单位:S/m;获得船舶电缆绝缘材料放电强度系数ρ:
Figure FDA0002717743010000014
式中,Q为被评估电缆的放电量,P为被评估电缆的放电功率,γ为被评估电缆的电导率,γ0为完好且未运行电缆的电导率;
Figure FDA0002717743010000015
为测试样品的平均放电量,
Figure FDA0002717743010000016
为测试样品的平均放电功率,
Figure FDA0002717743010000017
为测试样品的平均电导率;
步骤3:计算船舶电缆腐蚀程度的表征因子η
Figure FDA0002717743010000018
当0<η≤1,船舶电缆未被腐蚀;
当1<η<2e,船舶电缆被轻度腐蚀;
当η>2e,船舶电缆被重度腐蚀。
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CN114184904B (zh) * 2021-11-05 2022-07-08 西南交通大学 一种动车组乙丙橡胶电缆绝缘损伤程度的评估方法

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