CN112195466A - One-time cladding preparation method of shock-resistant high-hardness laser cladding layer - Google Patents
One-time cladding preparation method of shock-resistant high-hardness laser cladding layer Download PDFInfo
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- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 238000004372 laser cladding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 title abstract description 12
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 187
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 130
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 130
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000009365 direct transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 15
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
- C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
- C23C24/10—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat with intermediate formation of a liquid phase in the layer
- C23C24/103—Coating with metallic material, i.e. metals or metal alloys, optionally comprising hard particles, e.g. oxides, carbides or nitrides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/22—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with molybdenum or tungsten
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/32—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with boron
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
- C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
- C23C24/10—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat with intermediate formation of a liquid phase in the layer
- C23C24/103—Coating with metallic material, i.e. metals or metal alloys, optionally comprising hard particles, e.g. oxides, carbides or nitrides
- C23C24/106—Coating with metal alloys or metal elements only
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Abstract
The invention discloses a one-time cladding preparation method of an impact-resistant high-hardness laser cladding layer, which belongs to the technical field of surface engineering, wherein alloy powder for an outer layer and an inner layer is prepared respectively, two sets of gravity powder feeding systems are adopted to preset the alloy powder, the first set of gravity powder feeding system is used for conveying the alloy powder for the inner layer, the preset thickness of the alloy powder is 0.5-0.8 mm, the second set of gravity powder feeding system is used for conveying the alloy powder for the outer layer, the outer layer conveyed by the second set of gravity powder feeding system is covered on the preset alloy powder for the inner layer along with the movement of a laser head, the preset thickness of the alloy powder for the outer layer is 1.5-1.8 mm, and the total thickness of the alloy powder for the inner layer and the outer layer preset on the surface of a substrate is 2.2; carrying out laser cladding; the cladding layer prepared by one-time cladding by the method has excellent shock resistance while ensuring high hardness, is high in production efficiency, is suitable for large-scale popularization, and has remarkable economic benefit.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of surface engineering, in particular to a one-time cladding preparation method of an impact-resistant high-hardness laser cladding layer.
Background
The high-hardness laser cladding layer is the key for preparing the high-hardness and high-wear-resistance lining plate. By utilizing the laser cladding technology, the alloy cladding layer with high hardness and excellent wear resistance can be prepared by adding the wear-resistant hard phase into the alloy powder. However, the hardness and the impact resistance are often a pair of spears, and the hardness is too high, but the impact resistance is obviously reduced. In many working conditions, the cladding alloy layer is required to have high hardness and excellent impact resistance. How to solve the pair of spears becomes one of the important concerns of laser application engineers in engineering practice. In practice, engineering technicians propose that a transition layer is clad between a base material and a high-hardness cladding layer, so that the high hardness of the cladding layer is ensured, and the impact resistance of the cladding layer is improved. However, since the process needs to perform laser cladding twice, compared with the traditional processes such as surfacing welding, spray welding, plasma welding and the like, the efficiency of the laser cladding technology is very low, the process can obviously reduce the production efficiency, further improve the manufacturing cost of the product, and cannot be popularized and applied in large scale in practice.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the above, the invention provides a one-time cladding preparation method of an impact-resistant high-hardness laser cladding layer, which only needs one-time laser cladding to meet the high-hardness requirement of the cladding layer and simultaneously remarkably improve the impact property of the cladding alloy layer, and is characterized in that the alloy powder for the outer layer comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
mo: 3.8% -4.2%, B: 0.8% -1.1%, Cr: 16% -18%, C: 0.3% -0.6%, Si: 1.0% -2.0%, Cr3C 2: 8.5% -9.5% and the balance of Fe.
The alloy powder for the lining comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
mo: 3.8% -4.2%, B: 0.8% -1.1%, Cr: 16% -18%, C: 0.3% -0.6%, Si: 1.0-2.0% and the balance of Fe.
The alloy powder for the inner layer and the outer layer comprises powder with purity of more than 99.9%, and the granularity is 135-325 meshes.
The one-time cladding preparation method of the shock-resistant high-hardness laser cladding layer is characterized by further comprising the following steps of:
(1) cleaning the surface of the substrate to be clad by using industrial alcohol, and removing impurities such as oil stains and the like;
(2) clamping a base material on a laser numerical control processing machine tool, coating ink on the surface of the base material, and drying;
(3) alloy powder is preset in a gravity powder feeding mode, two sets of gravity powder feeding systems are prepared, and two sets of gravity powder feeding pipes are arranged in front and back at a distance of 20 mm;
(4) the first set of gravity powder feeding system conveys alloy powder for the inner layer, the preset thickness of the alloy powder is 0.5-0.8 mm, and the second set of gravity powder feeding system conveys alloy powder for the outer layer. Along with the movement of the laser head, the outer layer alloy powder conveyed by the second set of gravity powder conveying system covers the preset inner layer alloy powder, the preset thickness of the outer layer alloy powder is 1.5-1.8 mm, and the total thickness of the inner layer alloy powder and the outer layer alloy powder preset on the surface of the base material is 2.2-2.4 mm;
(5) scanning preset alloy powder by a direct-transmission semiconductor laser, and carrying out laser cladding to obtain a cladding layer, wherein the thickness of the cladding layer is 1.8-2.0 mm;
(6) carrying out surface dye inspection on the cladding layer, and detecting whether defects such as cracks exist;
(7) and grinding the cladding layer qualified in flaw detection, wherein the single-side grinding amount is 0.3-0.5 mm.
Preferably, the one-time cladding preparation method of the shock-resistant high-hardness laser cladding layer is characterized in that the laser cladding process parameters are as follows: the laser power is: 3.8~4.0 KW, the rectangle facula is: 2X 14 mm, the lap joint ratio is: 20-30%, the scanning speed is: 350-450 mm/min.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the production efficiency is high, the same cladding layer preparation is completed by the prior process, the transition layer is required to be cladded, and then the high-hardness layer is cladded, so that the high-hardness high-strength high-impact-resistance high-hardness high-toughness high-. For many cast iron and semi-steel base materials, the traditional cladding transition layer and hard layer improving methods all need secondary cladding, and the secondary polishing of the high-carbon and high-chromium base materials is easy to cause cracking of the base materials. The present application avoids these problems altogether.
Meanwhile, because the alloy powder of the inner layer and the alloy powder of the outer layer belong to the same series, the difference is only whether a hard strengthening phase is added, the metallurgical bonding performance of the two is excellent, and the defects of cracks and the like are not easy to generate.
The cladding layer prepared by one-time cladding by the method has excellent shock resistance while ensuring high hardness, is high in production efficiency, is suitable for large-scale popularization, and has remarkable economic benefit.
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, the present invention is described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the invention, are intended for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used herein in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
Example 1:
preparing alloy powder for an outer layer, wherein the alloy powder comprises the following components in percentage by mass: mo: 3.8%, B: 0.8%, Cr: 16%, C: 0.3%, Si: 1.0%, Cr3C 2: 8.5 percent and the balance of Fe. Preparing alloy powder for the lining, wherein the alloy powder for the lining comprises the following components in percentage by weight: mo: 3.8% -4.2%, B: 0.8%, Cr: 16%, C: 0.3%, Si: 1.0 percent and the balance of Fe. The alloy powder for the inner layer and the outer layer comprises powder with purity of more than 99.9%, and the granularity is 135-325 meshes.
A one-time cladding preparation method of the shock-resistant high-hardness laser cladding layer further comprises the following steps:
(1) cleaning the surface of the substrate to be clad by using industrial alcohol, and removing impurities such as oil stains and the like;
(2) clamping a base material on a laser numerical control processing machine tool, coating ink on the surface of the base material, and drying;
(3) alloy powder is preset in a gravity powder feeding mode, two sets of gravity powder feeding systems are prepared, and two sets of gravity powder feeding pipes are arranged in front and back at a distance of 20 mm;
(4) the first set of gravity powder feeding system conveys alloy powder for the inner layer, the preset thickness of the alloy powder is 0.5mm, and the second set of gravity powder feeding system conveys alloy powder for the outer layer. Along with the movement of the laser head, the outer layer alloy powder conveyed by the second set of gravity powder conveying system is covered on the preset inner layer alloy powder, the preset thickness of the outer layer alloy powder is 1.7mm, and the total thickness of the inner layer alloy powder and the outer layer alloy powder preset on the surface of the base material is 2.2 mm;
(5) scanning preset alloy powder by a direct-transmission semiconductor laser, and carrying out laser cladding, wherein the laser cladding process parameters are as follows: the laser power is: 3.8KW, rectangular facula is: 2X 14 mm, the lap joint ratio is: 20%, the scanning speed is: 350mm/min to obtain a cladding layer, wherein the thickness of the cladding layer is 1.8 mm;
(6) carrying out surface dye inspection on the cladding layer, and detecting whether defects such as cracks exist;
(7) and grinding the cladding layer qualified in flaw detection, wherein the single-side grinding amount is 0.3 mm.
Example 2:
preparing alloy powder for an outer layer, wherein the alloy powder comprises the following components in percentage by mass: mo: 3.8% -4.2%, B: 1.1%, Cr: 18%, C: 0.6%, Si: 2.0%, Cr3C 2: 9.5 percent, and the balance being Fe. Preparing alloy powder for the lining, wherein the alloy powder for the lining comprises the following components in percentage by weight: mo: 4.2%, B: 1.1%, Cr: 18%, C: 0.6%, Si: 2.0 percent and the balance of Fe. The alloy powder for the inner layer and the outer layer comprises powder with purity of more than 99.9%, and the granularity is 135-325 meshes.
A one-time cladding preparation method of the shock-resistant high-hardness laser cladding layer further comprises the following steps:
(1) cleaning the surface of the substrate to be clad by using industrial alcohol, and removing impurities such as oil stains and the like;
(2) clamping a base material on a laser numerical control processing machine tool, coating ink on the surface of the base material, and drying;
(3) alloy powder is preset in a gravity powder feeding mode, two sets of gravity powder feeding systems are prepared, and two sets of gravity powder feeding pipes are arranged in front and back at a distance of 20 mm;
(4) the first set of gravity powder feeding system conveys alloy powder for the inner layer, the preset thickness of the alloy powder is 0.8mm, and the second set of gravity powder feeding system conveys alloy powder for the outer layer. Along with the movement of the laser head, the outer layer alloy powder conveyed by the second set of gravity powder conveying system is covered on the preset inner layer alloy powder, the preset thickness of the outer layer alloy powder is 1.6mm, and the total thickness of the inner layer alloy powder and the outer layer alloy powder preset on the surface of the base material is 2.4 mm;
(5) scanning preset alloy powder by a direct-transmission semiconductor laser, and carrying out laser cladding, wherein the laser cladding process parameters are as follows: the laser power is: 4.0 KW, rectangular facula: 2X 14 mm, the lap joint ratio is: 30%, the scanning speed is: 450mm/min to obtain a cladding layer, wherein the thickness of the cladding layer is 2.0 mm;
(6) carrying out surface dye inspection on the cladding layer, and detecting whether defects such as cracks exist;
(7) and grinding the cladding layer qualified in flaw detection, wherein the single-side grinding amount is 0.4 mm.
Example 3:
preparing alloy powder for an outer layer, wherein the alloy powder comprises the following components in percentage by mass: mo: 3.9%, B: 1.1%, Cr: 18%, C: 0.5%, Si: 1.0%, Cr3C 2: 8.5 percent and the balance of Fe. Preparing alloy powder for the lining, wherein the alloy powder for the lining comprises the following components in percentage by weight: mo: 4.2%, B: 1.1%, Cr: 18%, C: 0.6%, Si: 2.0 percent and the balance of Fe. The alloy powder for the inner layer and the outer layer comprises powder with purity of more than 99.9%, and the granularity is 135-325 meshes.
A one-time cladding preparation method of the shock-resistant high-hardness laser cladding layer further comprises the following steps:
(1) cleaning the surface of the substrate to be clad by using industrial alcohol, and removing impurities such as oil stains and the like;
(2) clamping a base material on a laser numerical control processing machine tool, coating ink on the surface of the base material, and drying;
(3) alloy powder is preset in a gravity powder feeding mode, two sets of gravity powder feeding systems are prepared, and two sets of gravity powder feeding pipes are arranged in front and back at a distance of 20 mm;
(4) the first set of gravity powder feeding system conveys alloy powder for the inner layer, the preset thickness of the alloy powder is 0.6mm, and the second set of gravity powder feeding system conveys alloy powder for the outer layer. Along with the movement of the laser head, the outer layer alloy powder conveyed by the second set of gravity powder conveying system is covered on the preset inner layer alloy powder, the preset thickness of the outer layer alloy powder is 1.8mm, and the total thickness of the inner layer alloy powder and the outer layer alloy powder preset on the surface of the base material is 2.4 mm;
(5) scanning preset alloy powder by a direct-transmission semiconductor laser, and carrying out laser cladding, wherein the laser cladding process parameters are as follows: the laser power is: 4.0 KW, rectangular facula: 2X 14 mm, the lap joint ratio is: 30%, the scanning speed is: 450mm/min to obtain a cladding layer, wherein the thickness of the cladding layer is 2.0 mm;
(6) carrying out surface dye inspection on the cladding layer, and detecting whether defects such as cracks exist;
(7) and grinding the cladding layer qualified in flaw detection, wherein the single-side grinding amount is 0.5 mm.
Example 4:
preparing alloy powder for an outer layer, wherein the alloy powder comprises the following components in percentage by mass: mo: 3.8%, B: 0.8%, Cr: 17%, C: 0.6%, Si: 2.0%, Cr3C 2: 9.5 percent, and the balance being Fe. Preparing alloy powder for the lining, wherein the alloy powder for the lining comprises the following components in percentage by weight: mo: 3.8%, B: 0.8%, Cr: 16%, C: 0.5%, Si: 1.0 percent and the balance of Fe. The alloy powder for the inner layer and the outer layer comprises powder with purity of more than 99.9%, and the granularity is 135-325 meshes.
A one-time cladding preparation method of the shock-resistant high-hardness laser cladding layer further comprises the following steps:
(1) cleaning the surface of the substrate to be clad by using industrial alcohol, and removing impurities such as oil stains and the like;
(2) clamping a base material on a laser numerical control processing machine tool, coating ink on the surface of the base material, and drying;
(3) alloy powder is preset in a gravity powder feeding mode, two sets of gravity powder feeding systems are prepared, and two sets of gravity powder feeding pipes are arranged in front and back at a distance of 20 mm;
(4) the first set of gravity powder feeding system conveys alloy powder for the inner layer, the preset thickness of the alloy powder is 0.5mm, and the second set of gravity powder feeding system conveys alloy powder for the outer layer. Along with the movement of the laser head, the outer layer alloy powder conveyed by the second set of gravity powder conveying system is covered on the preset inner layer alloy powder, the preset thickness of the outer layer alloy powder is 1.7mm, and the total thickness of the inner layer alloy powder and the outer layer alloy powder preset on the surface of the base material is 2.2 mm;
(5) scanning preset alloy powder by a direct-transmission semiconductor laser, and carrying out laser cladding, wherein the laser cladding process parameters are as follows: the laser power is: 3.8KW, rectangular facula is: 2X 14 mm, the lap joint ratio is: 20%, the scanning speed is: 350mm/min to obtain a cladding layer, wherein the thickness of the cladding layer is 1.8 mm;
(6) carrying out surface dye inspection on the cladding layer, and detecting whether defects such as cracks exist;
(7) and grinding the cladding layer qualified in flaw detection, wherein the single-side grinding amount is 0.3 mm.
Example 5:
preparing alloy powder for an outer layer, wherein the alloy powder comprises the following components in percentage by mass: mo: 4.0%, B: 1.1%, Cr: 16%, C: 0.3%, Si: 1.0%, Cr3C 2: 8.5 percent and the balance of Fe. Preparing alloy powder for the lining, wherein the alloy powder for the lining comprises the following components in percentage by weight: mo: 3.8%, B: 0.8% -, Cr: 16%, C: 0.4%, Si: 1.6%, Ni: 3.5 percent, and the balance being Fe. The alloy powder for the inner layer and the outer layer comprises powder with purity of more than 99.9%, and the granularity is 135-325 meshes.
A one-time cladding preparation method of the shock-resistant high-hardness laser cladding layer further comprises the following steps:
(1) cleaning the surface of the substrate to be clad by using industrial alcohol, and removing impurities such as oil stains and the like;
(2) clamping a base material on a laser numerical control processing machine tool, coating ink on the surface of the base material, and drying;
(3) alloy powder is preset in a gravity powder feeding mode, two sets of gravity powder feeding systems are prepared, and two sets of gravity powder feeding pipes are arranged in front and back at a distance of 20 mm;
(4) the first set of gravity powder feeding system conveys alloy powder for the inner layer, the preset thickness of the alloy powder is 0.6mm, and the second set of gravity powder feeding system conveys alloy powder for the outer layer. Along with the movement of the laser head, the outer layer alloy powder conveyed by the second set of gravity powder conveying system is covered on the preset inner layer alloy powder, the preset thickness of the outer layer alloy powder is 1.8mm, and the total thickness of the inner layer alloy powder and the outer layer alloy powder preset on the surface of the base material is 2.4 mm;
(5) scanning preset alloy powder by a direct-transmission semiconductor laser, and carrying out laser cladding, wherein the laser cladding process parameters are as follows: the laser power is: 4.0 KW, rectangular facula: 2X 14 mm, the lap joint ratio is: 20%, the scanning speed is: 420 mm/min to obtain a cladding layer, wherein the thickness of the cladding layer is 2.0 mm;
(6) carrying out surface dye inspection on the cladding layer, and detecting whether defects such as cracks exist;
(7) and grinding the cladding layer qualified in flaw detection, wherein the single-side grinding amount is 0.5 mm.
Example 6:
preparing alloy powder for an outer layer, wherein the alloy powder comprises the following components in percentage by mass: mo: 4.1%, B: 0.8%, Cr: 16%, C: 0.4%, Si: 1.8%, Cr3C 2: 8.5 percent and the balance of Fe. Preparing alloy powder for the lining, wherein the alloy powder for the lining comprises the following components in percentage by weight: mo: 3.8% -4.2%, B: 1.1%, Cr: 16%, C: 0.3%, Si: 1.5%, Ni: 4.2 percent and the balance of Fe. The alloy powder for the inner layer and the outer layer comprises powder with purity of more than 99.9%, and the granularity is 135-325 meshes.
A one-time cladding preparation method of the shock-resistant high-hardness laser cladding layer further comprises the following steps:
(1) cleaning the surface of the substrate to be clad by using industrial alcohol, and removing impurities such as oil stains and the like;
(2) clamping a base material on a laser numerical control processing machine tool, coating ink on the surface of the base material, and drying;
(3) alloy powder is preset in a gravity powder feeding mode, two sets of gravity powder feeding systems are prepared, and two sets of gravity powder feeding pipes are arranged in front and back at a distance of 20 mm;
(4) the first set of gravity powder feeding system conveys alloy powder for the inner layer, the preset thickness of the alloy powder is 0.5mm, and the second set of gravity powder feeding system conveys alloy powder for the outer layer. Along with the movement of the laser head, the outer layer alloy powder conveyed by the second set of gravity powder conveying system is covered on the preset inner layer alloy powder, the preset thickness of the outer layer alloy powder is 1.8mm, and the total thickness of the inner layer alloy powder and the outer layer alloy powder preset on the surface of the base material is 2.3 mm;
(5) scanning preset alloy powder by a direct-transmission semiconductor laser, and carrying out laser cladding, wherein the laser cladding process parameters are as follows: the laser power is: 3.9 KW, rectangular facula: 2X 14 mm, the lap joint ratio is: 25%, the scanning speed is: 400 mm/min to obtain a cladding layer, wherein the thickness of the cladding layer is 1.9 mm;
(6) carrying out surface dye inspection on the cladding layer, and detecting whether defects such as cracks exist;
(7) and grinding the cladding layer qualified in flaw detection, wherein the single-side grinding amount is 0.4 mm.
The technical features of the embodiments described above may be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above are not described, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (4)
1. A one-time cladding preparation method of an impact-resistant high-hardness laser cladding layer is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) cleaning the surface of the substrate to be clad by using industrial alcohol, and removing impurities such as oil stains and the like;
(2) clamping a base material on a laser numerical control processing machine tool, coating ink on the surface of the base material, and drying;
(3) alloy powder is preset in a gravity powder feeding mode, two sets of gravity powder feeding systems are prepared, and two sets of gravity powder feeding pipes are arranged in front and back at a distance of 20 mm;
(4) the first set of gravity powder feeding system conveys alloy powder for the inner layer, the preset thickness of the alloy powder is 0.5-0.8 mm, and the second set of gravity powder feeding system conveys alloy powder for the outer layer; along with the movement of the laser head, the outer layer alloy powder conveyed by the second set of gravity powder conveying system covers the preset inner layer alloy powder, the preset thickness of the outer layer alloy powder is 1.5-1.8 mm, and the total thickness of the inner layer alloy powder and the outer layer alloy powder preset on the surface of the base material is 2.2-2.4 mm;
(5) scanning preset alloy powder by a direct-transmission semiconductor laser, and carrying out laser cladding to obtain a cladding layer, wherein the thickness of the cladding layer is 1.8-2.0 mm;
(6) carrying out surface dye inspection on the cladding layer, and detecting whether defects such as cracks exist;
(7) and grinding the cladding layer qualified in flaw detection, wherein the single-side grinding amount is 0.3-0.5 mm.
2. The one-time cladding preparation method of the impact-resistant high-hardness laser cladding layer according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: the alloy powder for the outer layer in the step (4) comprises the following components in percentage by mass: mo: 3.8% -4.2%, B: 0.8% -1.1%, Cr: 16% -18%, C: 0.3% -0.6%, Si: 1.0% -2.0%, Cr3C 2: 8.5% -9.5% of Fe, and the balance of Fe; the alloy powder for the lining comprises the following components in percentage by mass: mo: 3.8% -4.2%, B: 0.8% -1.1%, Cr: 16% -18%, C: 0.3% -0.6%, Si: 1.0% -2.0% of Fe as the rest.
3. The one-time cladding preparation method of the impact-resistant high-hardness laser cladding layer according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by comprising the following steps: the alloy powder for the inner layer and the outer layer comprises powder with purity of more than 99.9%, and the granularity is 135-325 meshes.
4. The one-time cladding preparation method of the impact-resistant high-hardness laser cladding layer according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: the laser cladding process parameters are as follows: the laser power is: 3.8~4.0 KW, the rectangle facula is: 2X 14 mm, the lap joint ratio is: 20-30%, the scanning speed is: 350-450 mm/min.
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