CN112186076A - 一种太阳能电池板的制备方法 - Google Patents

一种太阳能电池板的制备方法 Download PDF

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CN112186076A
CN112186076A CN202011110080.8A CN202011110080A CN112186076A CN 112186076 A CN112186076 A CN 112186076A CN 202011110080 A CN202011110080 A CN 202011110080A CN 112186076 A CN112186076 A CN 112186076A
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徐维键
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种太阳能电池板的制备方法，它涉及新能源技术领域。包括以下步骤：制备太阳能前板和背板，用聚合物包封层包封太阳能电池电路并将前板和背板粘附在太阳能电池电路上；按照前板、混合有波长转移剂的聚合物包封层、太阳能电池电路、混合有波长转移剂的聚合物包封层、背板的次序将其叠合在一起并压制成为太阳能电池板半成品；在太阳能电池板半成品的表层涂覆石墨烯涂料。本发明的优点在于：在太阳能电池板半成品的表层涂覆石墨烯涂料，提高光电转换效率，按照前板、混合有波长转移剂的聚合物包封层、太阳能电池电路、混合有波长转移剂的聚合物包封层、背板的次序将其直接叠合在一起并压制，制造方便，制造成本低。

Description

一种太阳能电池板的制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及新能源技术领域，具体涉及一种太阳能电池板的制备方法。
背景技术
太阳能电池板是通过吸收太阳光，将太阳辐射能通过光电效应或者光化学效应直接或间接转换成电能的装置，大部分太阳能电池板的主要材料为硅，但因制作成本较大，以至于它普遍地使用还有一定的局限。相对于普通电池和可循环充电电池来说，太阳能电池属于更节能环保的绿色产品。当光线照射太阳电池表面时，一部分光子被硅材料吸收，光子的能量传递给了硅原子，使电子发生了跃迁，成为自由电子在P-N结两侧集聚形成了电位差，当外部接通电路时，在该电压的作用下，将会有电流流过外部电路产生一定的输出功率。这个过程的实质是光子能量转换成电能的过程。太阳能发电方式太阳能发电有两种方式，一种是光-热-电转换方式，另一种是光-电直接转换方式。现有技术中，太阳能电池板的制造成本高，太阳能电池板的光电转换效率低。需要提供一种太阳能电池板的制备方法，以提高太阳能电池板的光电转换效率，且降低制造成本。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是提供一种太阳能电池板的制备方法，能够解决，太阳能电池板的制造成本高、光电转换效率低的问题。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明的技术方案为：包括以下步骤：S1、制备太阳能前板和背板：使用聚氟乙烯或聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯、聚氟乙烯作为太阳能电池的背板，背板厚度为3-4mm，对背板的面向太阳光的表面进行表面处理以提高其光反射率，对背板的表面进行处理，对背板靠近太阳能电池电路一侧的主表面进行压纹,形成凸起微结构，所述凸起微结构包括连续的或者离散的棱锥、棱台、圆锥、圆台、半球结构，凸起微结构的高度为500nm-2mm，高宽比为1:4-10；采用聚合物材料作为太阳能电池板的前板，前板厚度为20μm-2mm，在前板的第一表面上增加减反射膜，以提高太阳能电池板的光线入射率，前板材料用聚偏氟乙烯，反射膜材料用聚全氟乙丙烯共聚物，对前板靠近太阳能电池电路的表面进行表面处理以提高其光反射率，减少光线从太阳能电池板内部出射的量；
S2、提供太阳能电池电路和混合有波长转移剂的聚合物包封层：用聚合物包封层包封太阳能电池电路并将前板和背板粘附在太阳能电池电路上，聚合物包封层包括乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯共聚物、聚乙烯醇缩丁醛、乙烯-甲基丙烯酸共聚物的离子聚合物，或者是聚氨酯和有机硅树脂，聚合物包封层的厚度为100-800微米；
S3、按照前板、混合有波长转移剂的聚合物包封层、太阳能电池电路、混合有波长转移剂的聚合物包封层、背板的次序将其叠合在一起并压制成为太阳能电池板半成品；
S4、在太阳能电池板半成品的表层涂覆石墨烯涂料，石墨烯涂料是由石墨烯、氧化石墨烯分散在溶剂中配制而成的。
进一步地，所述溶剂选自乙醇、水、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、二甲基亚砜、甲苯、二甲苯。
进一步地，所述石墨烯涂料中石墨烯或氧化石墨烯的浓度为0.1-0.5mg/ml。
进一步地，所述涂覆选用雾化喷涂方式，采用的喷枪压力为0.3-0.6Mpa。
进一步地，所述涂覆具体为：每平方米太阳能电池板半成品表层涂覆石墨烯涂料100~300mL。
本发明的优点在于：在太阳能电池板半成品的表层涂覆石墨烯涂料，提高光电转换效率，在前板的第一表面上增加减反射膜，以提高太阳能电池板的光线入射率，对前板靠近太阳能电池电路的表面进行表面处理以提高其光反射率，减少光线从太阳能电池板内部出射的量，按照前板、混合有波长转移剂的聚合物包封层、太阳能电池电路、混合有波长转移剂的聚合物包封层、背板的次序将其直接叠合在一起并压制，制造方便，制造成本低。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合具体实施方式，对本发明进行进一步详细说明。下面的实施例可以使本专业的技术人员更全面地理解本发明，但并不因此将本发明限制在所述的实施例范围之中。
实施例一：包括以下步骤：S1、制备太阳能前板和背板：使用聚氟乙烯作为太阳能电池的背板，背板厚度为3mm，对背板的面向太阳光的表面进行表面处理以提高其光反射率，对背板的表面进行处理，对背板靠近太阳能电池电路一侧的主表面进行压纹,形成凸起微结构，凸起微结构包括连续的棱锥结构，凸起微结构的高度为500nm，高宽比为1:4；采用聚合物材料作为太阳能电池板的前板，前板厚度为20μm，在前板的第一表面上增加减反射膜，以提高太阳能电池板的光线入射率，前板材料用聚偏氟乙烯，反射膜材料用聚全氟乙丙烯共聚物，对前板靠近太阳能电池电路的表面进行表面处理以提高其光反射率，减少光线从太阳能电池板内部出射的量；
S2、提供太阳能电池电路和混合有波长转移剂的聚合物包封层：用聚合物包封层包封太阳能电池电路并将前板和背板粘附在太阳能电池电路上，聚合物包封层包括乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯共聚物、聚乙烯醇缩丁醛、乙烯-甲基丙烯酸共聚物的离子聚合物，聚合物包封层的厚度为100微米；
S3、按照前板、混合有波长转移剂的聚合物包封层、太阳能电池电路、混合有波长转移剂的聚合物包封层、背板的次序将其叠合在一起并压制成为太阳能电池板半成品；
S4、在太阳能电池板半成品的表层涂覆石墨烯涂料，石墨烯涂料是由石墨烯、氧化石墨烯分散在溶剂中配制而成的，溶剂选自乙醇、水、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、二甲基亚砜、甲苯、二甲苯，石墨烯涂料中石墨烯的浓度为0.1mg/ml，涂覆选用雾化喷涂方式，采用的喷枪压力为0.3Mpa，每平方米太阳能电池板半成品表层涂覆石墨烯涂料100mL。
实施例二：包括以下步骤：S1、制备太阳能前板和背板：使用聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯作为太阳能电池的背板，背板厚度为4mm，对背板的面向太阳光的表面进行表面处理以提高其光反射率，对背板的表面进行处理，对背板靠近太阳能电池电路一侧的主表面进行压纹,形成凸起微结构，凸起微结构包括离散的圆台、半球结构，凸起微结构的高度为2mm，高宽比为1:10；采用聚合物材料作为太阳能电池板的前板，前板厚度为2mm，在前板的第一表面上增加减反射膜，以提高太阳能电池板的光线入射率，前板材料用聚偏氟乙烯，反射膜材料用聚全氟乙丙烯共聚物，对前板靠近太阳能电池电路的表面进行表面处理以提高其光反射率，减少光线从太阳能电池板内部出射的量；
S2、提供太阳能电池电路和混合有波长转移剂的聚合物包封层：用聚合物包封层包封太阳能电池电路并将前板和背板粘附在太阳能电池电路上，聚合物包封层包括聚氨酯和有机硅树脂，聚合物包封层的厚度为800微米；
S3、按照前板、混合有波长转移剂的聚合物包封层、太阳能电池电路、混合有波长转移剂的聚合物包封层、背板的次序将其叠合在一起并压制成为太阳能电池板半成品；
S4、在太阳能电池板半成品的表层涂覆石墨烯涂料，石墨烯涂料是由石墨烯、氧化石墨烯分散在溶剂中配制而成的，溶剂选自乙醇、水、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、二甲基亚砜、甲苯、二甲苯，石墨烯涂料中氧化石墨烯的浓度为0.5mg/ml，涂覆选用雾化喷涂方式，采用的喷枪压力为0.6Mpa，每平方米太阳能电池板半成品表层涂覆石墨烯涂料300mL。
本具体实施方式在太阳能电池板半成品的表层涂覆石墨烯涂料，提高光电转换效率，在前板的第一表面上增加减反射膜，以提高太阳能电池板的光线入射率，对前板靠近太阳能电池电路的表面进行表面处理以提高其光反射率，减少光线从太阳能电池板内部出射的量，按照前板、混合有波长转移剂的聚合物包封层、太阳能电池电路、混合有波长转移剂的聚合物包封层、背板的次序将其直接叠合在一起并压制，制造方便，制造成本低。
以上显示和描述了本发明的基本原理和主要特征以及本发明的优点。本行业的技术人员应该了解，本发明不受上述实施例的限制，上述实施例和说明书中描述的只是说明本发明的原理，在不脱离本发明精神和范围的前提下，本发明还会有各种变化和改进，这些变化和改进都落入要求保护的本发明范围内。本发明要求保护范围由所附的权利要求书及其等效物界定。

Claims (5)

1.一种太阳能电池板的制备方法，其特征在于：包括以下步骤： S1、制备太阳能前板和背板：使用聚氟乙烯或聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯、聚氟乙烯作为太阳能电池的背板，背板厚度为3-4mm，对背板的面向太阳光的表面进行表面处理以提高其光反射率，对背板的表面进行处理，对背板靠近太阳能电池电路一侧的主表面进行压纹,形成凸起微结构，所述凸起微结构包括连续的或者离散的棱锥、棱台、圆锥、圆台、半球结构，凸起微结构的高度为500nm-2mm，高宽比为1:4-10；采用聚合物材料作为太阳能电池板的前板，前板厚度为20μm-2mm，在前板的第一表面上增加减反射膜，以提高太阳能电池板的光线入射率，前板材料用聚偏氟乙烯，反射膜材料用聚全氟乙丙烯共聚物，对前板靠近太阳能电池电路的表面进行表面处理以提高其光反射率，减少光线从太阳能电池板内部出射的量；
S2、提供太阳能电池电路和混合有波长转移剂的聚合物包封层：用聚合物包封层包封太阳能电池电路并将前板和背板粘附在太阳能电池电路上，聚合物包封层包括乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯共聚物、聚乙烯醇缩丁醛、乙烯-甲基丙烯酸共聚物的离子聚合物，或者是聚氨酯和有机硅树脂，聚合物包封层的厚度为100-800微米；
S3、按照前板、混合有波长转移剂的聚合物包封层、太阳能电池电路、混合有波长转移剂的聚合物包封层、背板的次序将其叠合在一起并压制成为太阳能电池板半成品；
S4、在太阳能电池板半成品的表层涂覆石墨烯涂料，石墨烯涂料是由石墨烯、氧化石墨烯分散在溶剂中配制而成的。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种太阳能电池板的制备方法，其特征在于：所述溶剂选自乙醇、水、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、二甲基亚砜、甲苯、二甲苯。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种太阳能电池板的制备方法，其特征在于：所述石墨烯涂料中石墨烯或氧化石墨烯的浓度为0.1-0.5mg/ml。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种太阳能电池板的制备方法，其特征在于：所述涂覆选用雾化喷涂方式，采用的喷枪压力为0.3-0.6Mpa。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种太阳能电池板的制备方法，其特征在于：所述涂覆具体为：每平方米太阳能电池板半成品表层涂覆石墨烯涂料100~300mL。
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Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101740649A (zh) * 2008-11-26 2010-06-16 E.I.内穆尔杜邦公司 太阳能电池板及其制备方法
CN105198230A (zh) * 2015-09-25 2015-12-30 沙嫣 一种具有石墨烯涂层的太阳能电池板的制备方法

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101740649A (zh) * 2008-11-26 2010-06-16 E.I.内穆尔杜邦公司 太阳能电池板及其制备方法
CN105198230A (zh) * 2015-09-25 2015-12-30 沙嫣 一种具有石墨烯涂层的太阳能电池板的制备方法

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