CN112177574B - Linkage type hydraulic layer-changing switch and linkage type layer-changing method - Google Patents
Linkage type hydraulic layer-changing switch and linkage type layer-changing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112177574B CN112177574B CN201910596786.0A CN201910596786A CN112177574B CN 112177574 B CN112177574 B CN 112177574B CN 201910596786 A CN201910596786 A CN 201910596786A CN 112177574 B CN112177574 B CN 112177574B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000029058 respiratory gaseous exchange Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003129 oil well Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 4
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/14—Obtaining from a multiple-zone well
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B34/00—Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells
- E21B34/06—Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells in wells
- E21B34/10—Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells in wells operated by control fluid supplied from outside the borehole
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- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Actuator (AREA)
- Check Valves (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model discloses a linkage type hydraulic layer-changing switch and a linkage type layer-changing method, comprising a track reversing mechanism, a piston mechanism and a shell, wherein the piston mechanism comprises a cylinder sleeve, a piston and a one-way valve, the cylinder sleeve is provided with a cylinder sleeve central hole which is axially communicated, an eccentric axial passage which is axially communicated and a cylinder sleeve lower radial hole which is radially communicated, the cylinder sleeve lower radial hole is communicated with the cylinder sleeve central hole, meanwhile, the cylinder sleeve lower radial hole is not communicated with the eccentric axial passage, the piston hermetically slides in the cylinder sleeve central hole, the piston comprises an upper cavity and a lower cavity of the piston, a sealing section is arranged between the two cavities, the upper port of the upper cavity is connected with the one-way valve, the upper cavity is provided with the upper cavity radial hole, the lower end of the cylinder sleeve is connected with the track reversing mechanism in a threaded manner, and the lower port of the lower cavity of the piston is connected with the upper end of a reversing track body of the track reversing mechanism into an integral structure. The upper and lower linkage layer-changing is realized, and the requirement of layer-changing exploitation of the layered motionless tubular column in the oil-gas field development is met.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of oilfield layer-changing exploitation, in particular to a linkage type hydraulic layer-changing switch and a linkage type layer-changing method.
Background
At present, the existing hydraulic layer-changing switch realizes repeated circulation switching on and off of a certain oil layer, but one oil layer is required to correspond to one switch, and the operation is required to be performed simultaneously when the layers are changed, if one switch cannot be operated due to sand blocking, scale blocking and the like, the whole pipe column can fail. Therefore, a linkage type hydraulic layer-changing switch needs to be developed, two layers are separated by using a packer pipe column, the lower layer is closed when the upper layer flow channel is opened by controlling the linkage type hydraulic switch, the upper layer is closed when the lower layer flow channel is opened, the linkage of the upper layer and the lower layer is realized, the layer-changing success rate is improved, and the reliable switching of the switch is ensured; meanwhile, the use of one hydraulic switch is reduced, the risk of the pipe column is reduced, and the cost is saved.
Application number: 201510043632.0 relates to the field of oil exploitation, in particular to a device for automatically replacing layers under multi-layer exploitation of an oil well. The utility model uses pressure as control parameter to separate and control the circulation condition of the petroleum of two adjacent layers, which is characterized in that: the double-layer screen pipe consists of an outer-layer screen pipe, an inner-layer screen pipe, a balance spring, a locking device, a valve core, a shaft sleeve, a flow limiting piece, a spring plunger, a spring, a cavity, a plunger and the like, wherein the inner-layer screen pipe and the outer-layer screen pipe form the double-layer screen pipe, and the double-layer screen pipe is in an open state when the inner-layer screen pipe is positioned in a lower gear and in a closed state when the inner-layer screen pipe is positioned in an upper gear. The utility model has the advantages of simple structure, reliable performance, obvious effect and the like, and can realize automatic control without manual control, enlarge oil extraction flow and reduce oil extraction energy consumption.
Application number: 201310219513.7 discloses a pumping well rod control type layer-changing switch and a layer-changing oil extraction method thereof, belonging to the technical field of oil extraction. The fixed string controls the underground layer-changing switch by using the sucker rod on the ground of the pumping well, one of two layers is mined alternately at three positions, and the yields of crude oil and natural gas produced by the upper layer and the lower layer of the oil well are determined. The utility model has the beneficial effects that: the fixed tubular column controls the underground layer-changing switch by utilizing the sucker rod on the ground of the pumping well, one of two layers is mined in a rotation way at three positions, and the yields of crude oil and natural gas produced by the upper layer section and the lower layer section of the oil well are determined to optimize the mining layer section.
Application number: 00248776.4A hydraulic layer-changing switch comprises an upper connector (1), a lower connector (14), a steel ball (10), a track (2), a swivel (7), a swivel pressing cap (3), a swivel jacket (5), upper and lower shells (4, 11), a track pin (6), a piston (8), a split body (9), a spring pressing cap (12) and a spring (13). The upper and lower shells (4, 11) are respectively connected with the upper and lower joints (1, 14), and the rest parts are sequentially arranged in the upper and lower shells to form a whole. The utility model can be used in various oil-gas well layer-changing production processes, can be combined with tools such as a packer and the like, and can be arbitrarily combined to control the production or closing of various strata and the like. Is an ideal matching tool for the layered exploitation and the layered blocking water blocking process.
Application number: 00264156.9A hydraulic layer-changing device comprises an upper joint, a lower joint, a central tube, a valve body, a control track body, a large spring, a working cylinder, a swivel and a track pin, wherein a parallel cap is arranged in the upper joint and is connected to the central tube; one end of the connecting pipe is connected with the upper joint, the other end of the connecting pipe is connected to the valve seat, and the other end of the valve seat is connected with the working cylinder; the constant pressure valve spring is arranged on a cone positioned between the central tube and the connecting sleeve; the backing ring is arranged on the large spring, and a sealing ring combination is arranged on the sealing surface between the central tube and the upper joint and between the connecting sleeve and the valve seat. The utility model is applied to the petroleum layering exploitation process.
The technical scheme of the above disclosed technology, the technical problems to be solved and the generated beneficial effects are different from those of the utility model, and the technical documents disclosed above have no technical teaching aiming at more technical features of the utility model, the technical problems to be solved and the beneficial effects.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims to provide a linkage type hydraulic layer-changing switch and a linkage type layer-changing method, wherein after two layers are separated by a packer pipe column, the lower layer is closed when an upper layer flow channel is opened by controlling the linkage type hydraulic switch, and the upper layer is closed when the lower layer flow channel is opened, so that the linkage of the upper layer and the lower layer is realized, the layer-changing success rate is improved, and the reliable switching of the switch is ensured; meanwhile, the use of one hydraulic switch is reduced, the risk of the pipe column is reduced, and the cost is saved. The upper and lower linkage layer-changing is realized, and the requirement of layer-changing exploitation of the layered motionless tubular column in the oil-gas field development is met.
In order to achieve the aim, the linkage type hydraulic layer-changing switch comprises a track reversing mechanism, a piston mechanism and a shell, wherein the piston mechanism comprises a cylinder sleeve, a piston and a one-way valve, the cylinder sleeve is provided with an axially-through cylinder sleeve central hole, an axially-through eccentric axial channel and a radially-through cylinder sleeve lower radial hole, the cylinder sleeve lower radial hole is communicated with the cylinder sleeve central hole, meanwhile, the cylinder sleeve lower radial hole is not communicated with the eccentric axial channel, the piston hermetically slides in the cylinder sleeve central hole, the piston comprises a piston upper cavity and a piston lower cavity, a sealing section is arranged between the two cavities, an upper port of the piston upper cavity is connected with the one-way valve, an upper cavity radial hole is formed in the piston upper cavity, the lower end of the cylinder sleeve is connected with the track reversing mechanism in a threaded manner, the lower port of the piston lower cavity is connected with the upper end of the reversing track body of the track reversing mechanism into an integrated structure, the lower end of the outer wall of the cylinder sleeve is connected with the shell, an annular space is formed between the inner wall of the shell and the track reversing mechanism, the upper end of the annular space is communicated with the axial channel, and the upper end of the cylinder sleeve is also provided with the upper radial hole of the eccentric axial channel.
The lower end of the shell is connected with the lower joint in a threaded manner, the upper end of the cylinder sleeve is connected with the upper joint in a threaded manner, the inner cavity of the lower joint is communicated with the annular space, the lower port of the upper joint is a large-caliber port, the large-caliber port is communicated with the eccentric axial channel, the inner wall of the upper joint is provided with a small-diameter port, and the small-diameter port is connected with the upper port of the central hole of the cylinder sleeve and is provided with a sealing ring.
The check valve comprises a valve seat, a valve ball and a valve cover, wherein the valve seat is provided with an axial through inner cavity, the upper end of the valve seat is connected with the lower port of the valve cover in a threaded manner, the lower end of the valve seat is connected with the upper port of the upper cavity in a threaded manner, the upper end of the valve cover is a plugging top, the valve cover is provided with a radial hole of the valve cover, and the upper port of the inner cavity of the valve seat is provided with the valve ball.
The axial distance from the radial hole of the valve cover to the radial hole of the cylinder sleeve is equal to the axial distance from the radial hole of the valve cover to the plugging section of the piston of the radial hole of the cylinder sleeve, namely, when the radial hole of the valve cover is communicated with the radial hole of the cylinder sleeve, the plugging section plugs the radial hole of the cylinder sleeve, the track is in a long track state after the layer is replaced, the piston moves upwards integrally, the radial hole of the valve cover corresponds to the upper part of the cylinder sleeve, and at the moment, the plugging section plugs the upper cylinder sleeve and the lower radial hole of the cylinder sleeve.
The track reversing mechanism comprises a reversing track body, a spring outer tube, a swivel, a track pin, a baffle ring, a spring and a plug, wherein the upper port of the spring outer tube is connected with the lower end of a cylinder sleeve in a threaded manner, the plug is connected with the lower port of the spring outer tube in a threaded manner, the inner wall of the spring outer tube is provided with a necking shoulder, the baffle ring and the spring are both arranged in the spring outer tube, the outer wall of the baffle ring is provided with an outer clamping table, the upper end surface of the outer clamping table is limited on the lower end surface of the necking shoulder, the upper end of the spring props against the lower end surface of the baffle ring, the lower end surface of the reversing track body props against the upper end surface of the baffle ring; the spring outer tube inner wall still installs the swivel, swivel inner wall installs the track pin, and the track pin stretches into in the switching-over track that the switching-over track body outer wall was seted up, the switching-over track includes long track and short track, and long track is linked together through the transition track with short track, and the track pin is relative to realize long track and short orbital conversion in long track, short track, transition track's track inslot motion.
The cylinder sleeve is also provided with a breathing hole, the outer end of the breathing hole is communicated with the external space of the cylinder sleeve, and the inner end of the breathing hole is communicated to the inner cavity of the outer tube of the spring.
In order to achieve the purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme that the linkage type hydraulic layer-changing method for oilfield exploitation comprises the following steps:
the first step: the two layers of oil wells are separated by the packer, the lower layer corresponds to the check valve, the upper layer corresponds to the linkage type hydraulic layer-changing switch, and hydraulic pressure during setting passes through the upper-level packer and pushes the linkage hydraulic switch piston to descend, so that radial holes on the cylinder sleeve are leaked, and the hydraulic pressure can be downwards transmitted to the lower packer at the moment, so that two-stage packer setting is realized.
And a second step of: the lower layer production fluid enters an oil pipe channel through a check valve, enters a sleeve at the upper part of the packer through a lower packer, a lower joint of a linkage hydraulic layer-changing switch, an annular space between a shell and a spring outer pipe, an axial channel, radial holes on a cylinder sleeve and an upper packer, and is collected to the ground.
And a third step of: when the layer is pressed and replaced, the sleeve is hydraulically powered, and as the upper packer seals the oil sleeve annulus, hydraulic force can only be downwards transmitted from the central pipe of the upper packer, and the hydraulic force acts on the piston to push the piston compression spring to downwards move, and the reversing track of the reversing track body and the track pin are matched to control the downwards moving distance to a reversing point; the spring rebounds the piston after pressure relief, and the long section track control rebounds the position and is different before, realizes the switch control of two feed liquor passageways of radial hole on the cylinder liner, radial hole under the cylinder liner.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:
the switch is designed with two flow paths. The cylinder sleeve, the upper joint, the spring outer tube, the shell and the like form a lower-layer flow channel; the valve cover, the valve ball, the sealing element, the piston and the cylinder sleeve form an upper-layer flow passage. After the upper joint is hydraulically added, a valve ball is arranged on a ball seat of the sealing element, the sealing element and the piston are driven to move downwards to a certain position in the cylinder sleeve, the spring is compressed, hydraulic pressure is released, the spring is recovered, the piston is designed into a long track and a short track, the hydraulic pressure is changed into a track once every time, the switching of an upper layer of flow channel and a lower layer of flow channel is realized, and the purpose of circularly changing the layers is achieved.
The utility model realizes that one switch controls the production of two oil layers, when the upper layer is produced, the lower layer is closed, and when the lower layer is produced, the upper layer is closed, thus realizing the linkage of the two layers. The traditional hydraulic pressure exchange tube column needs two switch control two-layer production, one switch is unsuccessful in reversing, and the whole tube column can fail. Compared with the existing hydraulic layer-changing switch, the reversing mechanism and the like are designed, and the reversing success rate is further improved.
The linkage type hydraulic layer-changing switch is a matched tool of a hydraulic layer-changing pipe column. A switch of the linkage type hydraulic layer-changing switch controls two layers of production, the liquid adding pressure in the oil pipe is increased, and the upper layer flow is closed when the lower layer flow channel is opened; and the upper layer is opened by adding liquid pressure, and the lower layer is closed, so that the upper and lower layers are linked and changed, and the requirement of changing layers of a layered motionless pipe column in the development of an oil-gas field is met.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a linkage hydraulic change-layer switch according to the present utility model;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a cylinder liner;
FIG. 3 is a view in the A-A direction of FIG. 2;
fig. 4 is a structural view of the development of the reversing rail opened in the reversing rail body.
The marks in the figure: 1. an upper joint; 2. a valve ball; 3. a valve housing; 4. a seal ring; 5. cylinder sleeve; 6. a piston; 7. a housing; 8. a spring outer tube; 9. a swivel; 10. a rail pin; 11. a baffle ring; 12. a spring; 13. a plug; 14. a lower joint; 15. a breathing hole; 16. a cylinder sleeve center hole; 17. an axial passage; 18. a radial hole at the lower part of the cylinder sleeve; 19. radial holes are formed in the cylinder sleeve.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present utility model will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present utility model, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the utility model without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the utility model.
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, the present utility model provides a technical solution:
the linkage type hydraulic layer-changing switch comprises a track reversing mechanism, a piston mechanism and a shell 7, wherein the piston mechanism comprises a cylinder sleeve 5, a piston and a one-way valve, the cylinder sleeve 5 is provided with a cylinder sleeve central hole 16 which is axially communicated, an eccentric axial channel 17 which is axially communicated and a cylinder sleeve lower radial hole 18 which is radially communicated, the cylinder sleeve lower radial hole 18 is communicated with the cylinder sleeve central hole 16, meanwhile, the cylinder sleeve lower radial hole is not communicated with the eccentric axial channel, the piston hermetically slides in the cylinder sleeve central hole, the piston comprises an upper piston cavity and a lower piston cavity, a sealing section is arranged between the two cavities, an upper port of the upper piston cavity is connected with the one-way valve, an upper cavity radial hole is formed in the upper piston cavity, the lower cylinder sleeve end is connected with the track reversing mechanism in a threaded manner, the lower piston cavity lower port is connected with the upper end of a reversing track body of the track reversing mechanism into an integrated structure, the lower end of the outer wall of the cylinder sleeve 5 is connected with the shell 7, an annular space is formed between the inner wall of the shell and the track reversing mechanism, the upper end of the annular space is communicated with the eccentric axial channel, the upper cylinder sleeve upper end is also provided with an upper radial hole 19, and the upper cylinder sleeve radial hole is communicated with the eccentric axial channel.
The lower end of the shell 7 is connected with the lower joint 14 in a threaded manner, the upper end of the cylinder sleeve is connected with the upper joint 1 in a threaded manner, the inner cavity of the lower joint is communicated with the annular space, the lower port of the upper joint is a large-caliber port, the large-caliber port is communicated with the eccentric axial channel 17, the inner wall of the upper joint is provided with a small-diameter port, and the small-diameter port is connected with the upper port of the central hole of the cylinder sleeve and is provided with the sealing ring 4.
The check valve comprises a valve seat, a valve ball 3 and a valve cover 2, wherein the valve seat is provided with an axial through inner cavity, the upper end of the valve seat is connected with the lower port of the valve cover 2 in a threaded manner, the lower end of the valve seat is connected with the upper port of the upper cavity in a threaded manner, the upper end of the valve cover 2 is a plugging top, the valve cover is provided with a valve cover radial hole, and the upper port of the valve seat inner cavity is provided with the valve ball 3.
The axial distance from the radial hole of the valve cover 2 to the radial hole of the cylinder sleeve is equal to the axial distance of the plugging section of the piston of the radial hole of the cylinder sleeve under the cylinder sleeve, namely, when the radial hole of the valve cover is communicated with the radial hole of the cylinder sleeve, the plugging section plugs the radial hole of the cylinder sleeve under the cylinder sleeve. After the layer is changed, the track is in a long track state, the piston moves upwards integrally, the radial hole of the valve cover corresponds to the upper part of the cylinder sleeve, the plugging section plugs the radial hole of the cylinder sleeve, and the track side hole corresponds to the radial hole of the cylinder sleeve, so that the switching state is realized.
The track reversing mechanism comprises a reversing track body, a spring outer tube 8, a swivel 9, a track pin 10, a baffle ring 11, a spring 12 and a plug 13, wherein the upper end port of the spring outer tube 8 is connected with the lower end of a cylinder sleeve 5 in a threaded manner, the plug 13 is connected with the lower end port of the spring outer tube in a threaded manner, a necking shoulder is arranged on the inner wall of the spring outer tube, the baffle ring 11 and the spring 12 are both arranged in the spring outer tube 8, an outer clamping table is arranged on the outer wall of the baffle ring, the upper end surface of the outer clamping table is limited on the lower end surface of the necking shoulder, the upper end of the spring is propped against the lower end surface of the baffle ring, the lower end surface of the reversing track body is propped against the upper end surface of the baffle ring 11; the spring outer tube inner wall still installs swivel 9, swivel inner wall installation track pin 10, and the track pin stretches into in the switching-over track that the switching-over track body outer wall was seted up, the switching-over track includes long track 22 and short track 23, and long track is linked together through transition track 24 with the short track, and swivel, track pin are in long track, short track, transition track's track inslot motion realizes long track and short track's conversion. Track reversing mechanisms are well known in the art.
The cylinder sleeve is also provided with a breathing hole 15, the outer end of the breathing hole is communicated with the external space of the cylinder sleeve, and the inner end of the breathing hole is communicated to the inner cavity of the outer tube of the spring.
In order to achieve the purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme that the linkage type hydraulic layer-changing method for oilfield exploitation comprises the following steps:
the first step: the two layers of oil wells are separated by the packer, the lower layer corresponds to the check valve, the upper layer corresponds to the linkage type hydraulic layer-changing switch, and hydraulic pressure during setting passes through the upper-level packer and pushes the linkage hydraulic switch piston to descend, so that radial holes on the cylinder sleeve are leaked, and the hydraulic pressure can be downwards transmitted to the lower packer at the moment, so that two-stage packer setting is realized.
And a second step of: the lower layer production fluid enters an oil pipe channel through a check valve, enters a sleeve at the upper part of the packer through a lower packer, a lower joint of a linkage hydraulic layer-changing switch, an annular space between a shell and a spring outer pipe, an axial channel, radial holes on a cylinder sleeve and an upper packer, and is collected to the ground.
And a third step of: when the layer is pressed and replaced, the sleeve is hydraulically filled, and as the upper packer seals the oil sleeve annulus, the hydraulic pressure can only be downwards transmitted from the central pipe of the upper packer, and the hydraulic pressure acts on the piston to push the piston compression spring to downwards move, and the reversing track of the reversing track body, the swivel and the track pin are matched to control the downwards moving distance to a reversing point; the spring rebounds the piston after pressure relief, and the long section track control rebounds the position and is different before, realizes the switch control of two feed liquor passageways of radial hole on the cylinder liner, radial hole under the cylinder liner.
The linkage type hydraulic layer-changing switch mainly comprises an upper joint 1, a valve ball 3, a valve cover 2, a cylinder sleeve 5 of a sealing element 4, a piston 6, a shell 7, a spring outer tube 8, a swivel 9, a track pin 10, a baffle ring 11, a spring 12, a plug 13, a lower joint 14 and the like. The lateral flow passage of the cylinder sleeve 5, the piston 6, the sealing element 4, the valve ball 3 and the valve cover 2 form an upper liquid inlet passage; the lower joint 14, the shell 7, the spring outer tube 8, the axial flow passage of the cylinder sleeve 5 and the opening at the upper end of the cylinder sleeve 5 form a lower liquid inlet channel. When the hydraulic pressure is applied, the valve cover 2, the valve ball 3, the sealing element 4, the piston 6 and the baffle ring 11 compress the spring 12 to move downwards, when the pressure reaches the design pressure, the track pin 10 reaches the top dead center of the reversing track body, after the pressure is removed, the track pin 10 is reversed from the long track to the short track (or from the short track to the long track), the lower layer liquid inlet channel is opened, and the upper layer liquid inlet channel is produced.
The cylinder sleeve 5 is designed with symmetrical breathing holes, and the spring 12 exhausts air through the breathing holes when the inner cavity stretches and contracts.
In the description of the present utility model, it should be understood that the orientation indication or positional relationship is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, for convenience of description of the present utility model only, and is not intended to indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the utility model.
Although embodiments of the present utility model have been shown and described, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model as defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (7)
1. The linkage type hydraulic layer-changing switch comprises a track reversing mechanism, a piston mechanism and a shell and is characterized in that the piston mechanism comprises a cylinder sleeve, a piston and a one-way valve, wherein the cylinder sleeve is provided with a cylinder sleeve central hole which is axially communicated, an eccentric axial channel which is axially communicated and a cylinder sleeve lower radial hole which is radially communicated, the cylinder sleeve lower radial hole is communicated with the cylinder sleeve central hole, meanwhile, the cylinder sleeve lower radial hole is not communicated with the eccentric axial channel, the piston hermetically slides in the cylinder sleeve central hole, the piston comprises an upper cavity and a lower piston cavity, a sealing section is arranged between the upper cavity and the lower cavity, an upper port of the upper cavity is connected with the one-way valve, an upper cavity radial hole is formed in the upper cavity of the piston, the lower end of the cylinder sleeve is connected with the upper end of a reversing track body of the track reversing mechanism in a threaded manner, the lower end of the lower cavity of the piston is connected with the shell, an annular space is formed between the inner wall of the cylinder sleeve and the track reversing mechanism, the upper end of the annular space is communicated with the eccentric axial channel, the upper end of the cylinder sleeve is also provided with the upper radial hole, and the upper radial hole of the cylinder sleeve is communicated with the eccentric axial channel.
2. The linkage type hydraulic layer-changing switch according to claim 1, wherein the lower end of the shell is connected with a lower connector in a threaded manner, the upper end of the cylinder sleeve is connected with an upper connector in a threaded manner, the inner cavity of the lower connector is communicated with the annular space, the lower port of the upper connector is a large-caliber port, the large-caliber port is communicated with the eccentric axial channel, the inner wall of the upper connector is provided with a small-caliber port, and the small-caliber port is connected with the upper port of the central hole of the cylinder sleeve and is provided with a sealing ring.
3. The linkage type hydraulic layer-changing switch according to claim 2, wherein the one-way valve comprises a valve seat, a valve ball and a valve cover, the valve seat is provided with an axial through inner cavity, the upper end of the valve seat is connected with the lower port of the valve cover in a threaded manner, the lower end of the valve seat is connected with the upper port of the upper cavity in a threaded manner, the upper end of the valve cover is a plugging top, the valve cover is provided with a radial hole of the valve cover, and the upper port of the inner cavity of the valve seat is located with the valve ball.
4. A ganged hydraulic change-layer switch as claimed in claim 3, wherein the axial distance from the radial hole of the valve cover to the radial hole of the cylinder liner is equal to the axial distance of the plugging section of the piston of the radial hole of the cylinder liner below the cylinder liner, i.e. when the radial hole of the valve cover is communicated with the radial hole of the cylinder liner, the plugging section plugs the radial hole of the cylinder liner below the cylinder liner, the track is in a long track state after the change of the layer, the piston moves up as a whole, the radial hole of the valve cover corresponds to the upper part of the cylinder liner, and the plugging section plugs the radial hole of the cylinder liner below the cylinder liner above the cylinder liner.
5. The linkage type hydraulic layer-changing switch according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, wherein the track reversing mechanism comprises a reversing track body, a spring outer tube, a swivel, a track pin, a baffle ring, a spring and a plug, the upper port of the spring outer tube is connected with the lower end of a cylinder sleeve in a threaded manner, the plug is connected with the lower port of the spring outer tube in a threaded manner, a necking shoulder is arranged on the inner wall of the spring outer tube, the baffle ring and the spring are both arranged in the spring outer tube, an outer clamping table is arranged on the outer wall of the baffle ring, the upper end face of the outer clamping table is limited on the lower end face of the necking shoulder, the upper end of the spring props against the lower end face of the baffle ring, the lower end face of the reversing track body props against the upper end face of the baffle ring; the spring outer tube inner wall still installs the swivel, swivel inner wall installs the track pin, and the track pin stretches into in the switching-over track that the switching-over track body outer wall was seted up, the switching-over track includes long track and short track, and long track is linked together through the transition track with short track, and the track pin is relative to realize long track and short orbital conversion in long track, short track, transition track's track inslot motion.
6. The linkage hydraulic pressure layer change switch according to claim 5, wherein the cylinder sleeve is further provided with a breathing hole, the outer end of the breathing hole is communicated with the external space of the cylinder sleeve, and the inner end of the breathing hole is communicated with the inner cavity of the outer tube of the spring.
7. A linked hydraulic interval-changing method for oil field exploitation using the linked hydraulic interval-changing switch of claim 1, comprising the steps of:
the first step: the two layers of oil wells are separated by the packer, the lower layer corresponds to the check valve, the upper layer corresponds to the linkage type hydraulic layer-changing switch, and hydraulic pressure during setting passes through the upper-level packer and pushes the linkage type hydraulic switch piston to descend, so that radial holes on the cylinder sleeve are leaked, and the hydraulic pressure can be downwards transmitted to the lower packer at the moment to realize two-stage packer setting;
and a second step of: the lower layer production fluid enters an oil pipe channel through a check valve, enters a sleeve at the upper part of the packer through a lower packer, a lower joint of a linkage hydraulic layer-changing switch, an annular space between a shell and a spring outer pipe, an axial channel, radial holes on a cylinder sleeve and an upper packer, and is collected to the ground;
and a third step of: when the layer is pressed and replaced, the sleeve is hydraulically powered, and as the upper packer seals the oil sleeve annulus, hydraulic force can only be downwards transmitted from the central pipe of the upper packer, and the hydraulic force acts on the piston to push the piston compression spring to downwards move, and the reversing track of the reversing track body and the track pin are matched to control the downwards moving distance to a reversing point; the spring rebounds the piston after pressure relief, and the long track control rebounds the position and is different than before, realizes the switch control of two feed liquor passageways of radial hole on the cylinder liner, radial hole under the cylinder liner.
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