CN112177574A - Linkage type hydraulic layer changing switch and linkage type layer changing method - Google Patents
Linkage type hydraulic layer changing switch and linkage type layer changing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112177574A CN112177574A CN201910596786.0A CN201910596786A CN112177574A CN 112177574 A CN112177574 A CN 112177574A CN 201910596786 A CN201910596786 A CN 201910596786A CN 112177574 A CN112177574 A CN 112177574A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000029058 respiratory gaseous exchange Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003129 oil well Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 22
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 4
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/14—Obtaining from a multiple-zone well
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B34/00—Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells
- E21B34/06—Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells in wells
- E21B34/10—Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells in wells operated by control fluid supplied from outside the borehole
Abstract
The invention discloses a linkage type hydraulic layer changing switch and a linkage type layer changing method, which comprise a track reversing mechanism, a piston mechanism and a shell, the piston mechanism comprises a cylinder sleeve, a piston and a one-way valve, the cylinder sleeve is provided with a cylinder sleeve central hole which is axially communicated, an eccentric axial channel which is axially communicated and a cylinder sleeve lower radial hole which is radially communicated, wherein the lower radial hole of the cylinder sleeve is communicated with the central hole of the cylinder sleeve, and the lower radial hole of the cylinder sleeve is not communicated with the eccentric axial channel, the piston slides in the central hole of the cylinder sleeve in a sealing way, the piston comprises an upper piston cavity and a lower piston cavity, a blocking section is arranged between the two cavities, the upper port of the upper cavity of the piston is connected with a one-way valve, the upper cavity of the piston is provided with an upper cavity radial hole, the lower end of the cylinder sleeve is in threaded connection with the track reversing mechanism, and the lower port of the lower piston cavity is connected with the upper end of the reversing track body of the track reversing mechanism to form an integrated structure. The upper and lower layers of linkage layer changing are realized, and the requirement of layer changing mining of the layering immovable pipe column in oil and gas field development is met.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of oilfield layer changing exploitation, in particular to a linkage type hydraulic layer changing switch and a linkage type layer changing method.
Background
At present, the existing hydraulic layer changing switch realizes the repeated cycle switch of a certain oil layer, but one oil layer is required to correspond to one switch, the layer changing needs to be simultaneously operated, and if one switch cannot be operated due to sand blocking, scale blocking and the like, the whole pipe column can fail. Therefore, a linkage type hydraulic layer changing switch needs to be developed, a packer pipe column is used for separating two layers, the lower layer is closed when the upper layer flow channel is opened by controlling the linkage type hydraulic switch, and the upper layer is closed when the lower layer flow channel is opened, so that the linkage of the upper layer and the lower layer is realized, the layer changing success rate is improved, and the switch is ensured to be reliably reversed; meanwhile, the use of one hydraulic switch is reduced, the risk of the tubular column is reduced, and the expenditure is saved.
Application No.: 201510043632.0 relates to the field of oil exploitation, in particular to an automatic underground layer changing device for oil well multi-layer exploitation. The invention uses pressure as a control parameter to separate and control the circulation condition of petroleum of two adjacent layers, and is characterized in that: the double-layer sieve tube is composed of an outer sieve tube, an inner sieve tube, a balance spring, a locking device, a valve core, a shaft sleeve, a flow limiting sheet, a spring plunger, a spring, a cavity, a plunger and the like, wherein the inner sieve tube and the outer sieve tube form the double-layer sieve tube, and the double-layer sieve tube is in an open state when located at a lower gear and in a closed state when located at an upper gear. The installation number and the installation positions of the oil reservoir control system can correspond to the number and the positions of the oil reservoirs, are not limited, can realize automatic control without manual control, expand oil extraction flow, reduce oil extraction energy consumption, and have the advantages of simple structure, reliable performance, obvious effect and the like.
Application No.: 201310219513.7 discloses a pumping well rod-control type layer-changing switch and a layer-changing oil extraction method thereof, belonging to the technical field of oil extraction. The fixed pipe column utilizes the pumping rod on the ground of the pumping well to control the underground layer-changing switch, and alternately adopts one of the two layers at three positions to determine the yield of crude oil and natural gas produced by the upper layer and the lower layer of the oil well. The invention has the beneficial effects that: the fixed pipe column utilizes the pumping rod on the ground of the pumping well to control the underground layer-changing switch, changes and adopts one of the two layer sections at three positions, determines the yield of crude oil and natural gas produced by the upper layer section and the lower layer section of the oil well, optimizes the production layer section, and has the advantages of simple process, low cost, no need of repeated operation and good effect.
Application No.: 00248776.4 discloses a hydraulic layer-changing switch, which comprises an upper joint (1), a lower joint (14), a steel ball (10), a track (2), a rotating ring (7), a rotating ring pressure cap (3), a rotating ring outer sleeve (5), an upper shell (4), a lower shell (11), a track pin (6), a piston (8), a shunt body (9), a spring pressure cap (12) and a spring (13). The upper and lower shells (4, 11) are respectively connected with the upper and lower joints (1, 14), and the other components are sequentially arranged in the upper and lower shells to form a whole. The utility model discloses can be used to in the multiple oil gas well layer changing production technology, with instrument combinations such as packer, the production or the closing of each stratum etc. of combination control wantonly. Is an ideal matching tool for the layered mining and the layered water blocking process.
Application No.: 00264156.9 discloses a hydraulic layer-changing device, which comprises an upper joint, a lower joint, a central tube, a valve body, a control track body, a large spring, a working barrel, a swivel and a track pin, wherein the upper joint is connected with the central tube; one end of the connecting pipe is connected with the upper joint, the other end of the connecting pipe is connected with the valve seat, and the other end of the valve seat is connected with the working barrel; the constant pressure valve spring is arranged on a cone between the central pipe and the connecting sleeve; the backing ring is placed on the large spring, and the sealing ring combination is installed on the sealing surface between the central pipe and the upper joint, and between the connecting sleeve and the valve seat. The utility model discloses apply to in the technology of oil exploitation by layer.
The technical solutions of the above-disclosed technologies, the technical problems to be solved, and the advantageous effects thereof are all different from the present invention, and no technical inspiration exists in the above-disclosed technical documents for more technical features, technical problems to be solved, and advantageous effects thereof.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a linkage type hydraulic layer changing switch and a linkage type layer changing method.A packer pipe column separates two layers, and controls the linkage type hydraulic switch to open an upper layer flow passage and simultaneously close a lower layer and open a lower layer flow passage and simultaneously close the upper layer so as to realize linkage of the upper layer and the lower layer, improve the layer changing success rate and ensure the switch to be reversed reliably; meanwhile, the use of one hydraulic switch is reduced, the risk of the tubular column is reduced, and the expenditure is saved. The upper and lower layers of linkage layer changing are realized, and the requirement of layer changing mining of the layering immovable pipe column in oil and gas field development is met.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme that the linkage type hydraulic layer-changing switch comprises a track reversing mechanism, a piston mechanism and a shell, wherein the piston mechanism comprises a cylinder sleeve, a piston and a one-way valve, the cylinder sleeve is provided with an axially-through cylinder sleeve central hole, an axially-through eccentric axial channel and a radially-through cylinder sleeve lower radial hole, the cylinder sleeve lower radial hole is communicated with the cylinder sleeve central hole, the cylinder sleeve lower radial hole is not communicated with the eccentric axial channel, the piston slides in the cylinder sleeve central hole in a sealing manner, the piston comprises an upper piston cavity and a lower piston cavity, a blocking section is arranged between the two cavities, an upper port of the upper piston cavity is connected with the one-way valve, an upper cavity is provided with an upper radial hole, the lower end of the cylinder sleeve is in threaded connection with the track reversing mechanism, and the lower port of the lower piston cavity is connected with the upper end of, the lower end of the outer wall of the cylinder sleeve is connected with the shell, an annular space is formed between the inner wall of the shell and the track reversing mechanism, the upper end of the annular space is communicated with the eccentric axial channel, the outer wall of the upper end of the cylinder sleeve is also provided with a radial hole in the cylinder sleeve, and the radial hole in the cylinder sleeve is communicated with the eccentric axial channel.
The lower end of the shell is connected with the lower connector in a threaded mode, the upper end of the cylinder sleeve is connected with the upper connector in a threaded mode, the inner cavity of the lower connector is communicated with the annular space, the lower port of the upper connector is a large-caliber port, the large-caliber port is communicated with the eccentric axial channel, a small-diameter port is arranged on the inner wall of the upper connector, and the small-diameter port is connected with the upper port of the center hole of the cylinder sleeve and provided with a sealing ring.
The check valve comprises a valve seat, a valve ball and a valve cover, wherein the valve seat is provided with an axial through inner cavity, the upper end of the valve seat is in threaded connection with the lower port of the valve cover, the lower end of the valve seat is in threaded connection with the upper port of the upper cavity of the piston, the upper end of the valve cover is a blocking top, the valve cover is provided with a radial hole of the valve cover, and the upper port of the inner cavity of the valve seat is used for seating the valve ball.
The axial distance from the radial hole of the valve cover to the upper radial hole of the cylinder sleeve is equal to the axial distance of the plugging section of the piston of the lower radial hole of the cylinder sleeve, namely when the radial hole of the valve cover is communicated with the upper radial hole of the cylinder sleeve, the lower radial hole of the cylinder sleeve is plugged by the plugging section, the rail is in a long rail state after layer changing, the piston moves upwards integrally, the radial hole of the valve cover corresponds to the upper part of the cylinder sleeve, and the lower radial hole of the upper cylinder sleeve of the cylinder sleeve is plugged by the plugging section at.
The track reversing mechanism comprises a reversing track body, an outer spring tube, a rotating ring, a track pin, a baffle ring, a spring and a plug, wherein the upper port of the outer spring tube is in threaded connection with the lower end of the cylinder sleeve, the plug is in threaded connection with the lower port of the outer spring tube, the inner wall of the outer spring tube is provided with a necking shoulder, the baffle ring and the spring are both arranged in the outer spring tube, the outer wall of the baffle ring is provided with an outer clamping table, the upper end surface of the outer clamping table is limited on the lower end surface of the necking shoulder, the upper end of the spring props against the lower end surface of the baffle ring, the lower end of the spring props against the plug; the spring outer tube inner wall still installs the change-over, and change-over inner wall installation track pin, track pin stretch into in the switching-over track that switching-over track body outer wall was seted up, the switching-over track includes long track and short track, and long track is linked together through transition track with short track, and the track relative in long track, short track, transition orbital track inslot motion realization long track and short orbital conversion.
The cylinder sleeve is also provided with a breathing hole, the outer end of the breathing hole is communicated with the external space of the cylinder sleeve, and the inner end of the breathing hole is communicated with the inner cavity of the outer spring tube.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme that the linkage type hydraulic layer changing method for oilfield exploitation comprises the following steps:
the first step is as follows: two-layer oil well utilizes the packer to separate the oil reservoir, and the lower floor corresponds the single current valve, and the upper strata corresponds coordinated type hydraulic pressure layer changing switch, and hydraulic pressure is through higher level packer, promotion coordinated hydraulic pressure switch piston down during the seat seal, spills the radial hole on the cylinder liner, and hydraulic pressure can transmit packer down to down this moment, realizes two-stage packer seat seal.
The second step is that: when the lower layer is produced, the lower layer produced liquid enters the oil pipe channel through the check valve, then enters the upper sleeve of the packer through the lower packer, the lower joint of the linkage hydraulic layer changing switch, the annular space between the shell and the outer tube of the spring, the axial channel, the radial hole on the cylinder sleeve and the upper packer, and then is produced to the ground.
The third step: when a layer is pressed and changed, hydraulic pressure is applied to the sleeve, the upper packer seals an oil sleeve annulus, hydraulic pressure can only be transmitted downwards from the central pipe of the upper packer, the hydraulic pressure acts on the piston to push the piston to compress the spring to move downwards, and a reversing track of the reversing track body is matched with the track pin to control the downward distance to a reversing point; after pressure relief, the spring rebounds the piston, the rebounding position controlled by the long-section track is different from that before, and on-off control of two liquid inlet channels of the radial hole on the cylinder sleeve and the radial hole under the cylinder sleeve is achieved.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the switch is designed with two flow paths. The cylinder sleeve, the upper joint, the outer spring tube, the shell and the like form a lower-layer flow passage; the valve cover, the valve ball, the sealing element, the piston and the cylinder sleeve form an upper-layer flow passage. After the hydraulic pressure is added to the upper joint, the valve ball is seated on the ball seat of the sealing element to drive the sealing element and the piston to move downwards to a certain position in the cylinder sleeve, the spring is compressed, the hydraulic pressure is released, the spring recovers, the piston is provided with a long track and a short track, the hydraulic pressure is changed into a track every time, the switching of an upper flow channel and a lower flow channel is realized, and the purpose of circulating layer changing production is achieved.
The invention realizes that one switch controls the production of two oil layers, the lower layer is closed when the upper layer is produced, and the upper layer is closed when the lower layer is produced, thereby realizing two-layer linkage. The traditional hydraulic layer changing pipe column needs two switches to control two layers of production, and the whole pipe column fails when one switch is not successful in reversing. Compared with the existing hydraulic layer-changing switch, the reversing mechanism and other designs, the success rate of reversing is further improved.
The linkage type hydraulic layer-changing switch is a matched tool of a hydraulic layer-changing pipe column. The linkage type hydraulic layer changing switch controls two-layer production by one switch, hydraulic pressure is added in an oil pipe, and a lower flow passage is opened and an upper flow passage is closed; and hydraulic pressure is added, the upper layer flow passage is opened, and then the lower layer is closed, so that the upper layer and the lower layer are linked to change the layer, and the requirement of layer-changing mining of the layering immovable pipe column in oil-gas field development is met.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a linkage type hydraulic layer-changing switch according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional structural schematic of a cylinder liner;
FIG. 3 is a view taken along line A-A of FIG. 2;
fig. 4 is a structural view of the developed reversing track formed on the reversing track body.
The labels in the figure are: 1. an upper joint; 2. a valve ball; 3. a valve housing; 4. a seal ring; 5. a cylinder liner; 6. a piston; 7. a housing; 8. a spring outer tube; 9. rotating the ring; 10. a rail pin; 11. a baffle ring; 12. a spring; 13. a plug; 14. a lower joint; 15. a breathing hole; 16. a cylinder sleeve central hole; 17. an axial channel; 18. a cylinder liner lower radial hole; 19. the cylinder liner is provided with a radial hole.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, the present invention provides a technical solution:
the linkage type hydraulic layer-changing switch comprises a track reversing mechanism, a piston mechanism and a shell 7, wherein the piston mechanism comprises a cylinder sleeve 5, a piston and a one-way valve, the cylinder sleeve 5 is provided with a cylinder sleeve central hole 16 which is axially communicated, an eccentric axial channel 17 which is axially communicated and a cylinder sleeve lower radial hole 18 which is radially communicated, the cylinder sleeve lower radial hole 18 is communicated with the cylinder sleeve central hole 16, the cylinder sleeve lower radial hole is not communicated with the eccentric axial channel, the piston slides in the cylinder sleeve central hole in a sealing manner, the piston comprises a piston upper cavity and a piston lower cavity, a sealing section is arranged between the two cavities, an upper port of the piston upper cavity is connected with the one-way valve, an upper cavity is provided with an upper radial hole, the lower end of the cylinder sleeve is connected with the track reversing mechanism in a threaded manner, and the lower port of the piston lower cavity is connected with the, the lower end of the outer wall of the cylinder sleeve 5 is connected with a shell 7, an annular space is formed between the inner wall of the shell and the track reversing mechanism, the upper end of the annular space is communicated with the eccentric axial channel, the outer wall of the upper end of the cylinder sleeve is also provided with a radial hole 19 on the cylinder sleeve, and the radial hole on the cylinder sleeve is communicated with the eccentric axial channel.
The lower end of the shell 7 is connected with the lower connector 14 in a threaded mode, the upper end of the cylinder sleeve is connected with the upper connector 1 in a threaded mode, the inner cavity of the lower connector is communicated with the annular space, the lower port of the upper connector is a large-diameter port, the large-diameter port is communicated with the eccentric axial channel 17, the inner wall of the upper connector is provided with a small-diameter port, and the small-diameter port is connected with the upper port of the center hole of the cylinder sleeve and is provided with the sealing ring 4.
The check valve comprises a valve seat, a valve ball 3 and a valve cover 2, wherein the valve seat is provided with an axial through inner cavity, the upper end of the valve seat is in threaded connection with the lower port of the valve cover 2, the lower end of the valve seat is in threaded connection with the upper port of the upper cavity of the piston, the upper end of the valve cover 2 is a plugging top, the valve cover is provided with a valve cover radial hole, and the upper port of the inner cavity of the valve seat is used for seating the valve ball 3.
The axial distance from the radial hole of the valve bonnet 2 to the radial hole on the cylinder sleeve is equal to the axial distance of the plugging section of the piston of the radial hole under the cylinder sleeve of the cylinder sleeve, namely when the radial hole of the valve bonnet is communicated with the radial hole on the cylinder sleeve, the plugging section plugs the radial hole under the cylinder sleeve of the cylinder sleeve. After the layer is changed, the track is in a long track state, the piston moves upwards integrally, the radial hole of the valve cover corresponds to the upper portion of the cylinder sleeve, the lower radial hole of the upper cylinder sleeve of the cylinder sleeve is plugged by the plugging section at the moment, and the side hole of the track corresponds to the lower radial hole of the cylinder sleeve, so that switching of a switching state is achieved.
The track reversing mechanism comprises a reversing track body, an outer spring tube 8, a rotating ring 9, a track pin 10, a baffle ring 11, a spring 12 and a plug 13, wherein the upper port of the outer spring tube 8 is in threaded connection with the lower end of the cylinder sleeve 5, the plug 13 is in threaded connection with the lower port of the outer spring tube, the inner wall of the outer spring tube is provided with a necking shoulder, the baffle ring 11 and the spring 12 are both arranged in the outer spring tube 8, the outer wall of the baffle ring is provided with an outer clamping table, the upper end surface of the outer clamping table is limited on the lower end surface of the necking shoulder, the upper end of the spring props against the lower end surface of the baffle ring, the lower end of the spring props against the plug, and; the inner wall of the outer spring tube is further provided with a rotating ring 9, the inner wall of the rotating ring is provided with a rail pin 10, the rail pin extends into a reversing rail arranged on the outer wall of the reversing rail body, the reversing rail comprises a long rail 22 and a short rail 23, the long rail and the short rail are communicated through a transition rail 24, and the rotating ring and the rail pin move in rail grooves of the long rail, the short rail and the transition rail to realize the conversion of the long rail and the short rail. The track reversing mechanism belongs to the conventional known technology in the technical field.
The cylinder sleeve is also provided with a breathing hole 15, the outer end of the breathing hole is communicated with the external space of the cylinder sleeve, and the inner end of the breathing hole is communicated with the inner cavity of the outer spring tube.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme that the linkage type hydraulic layer changing method for oilfield exploitation comprises the following steps:
the first step is as follows: two-layer oil well utilizes the packer to separate the oil reservoir, and the lower floor corresponds the single current valve, and the upper strata corresponds coordinated type hydraulic pressure layer changing switch, and hydraulic pressure is through higher level packer, promotion coordinated hydraulic pressure switch piston down during the seat seal, spills the radial hole on the cylinder liner, and hydraulic pressure can transmit packer down to down this moment, realizes two-stage packer seat seal.
The second step is that: when the lower layer is produced, the lower layer produced liquid enters the oil pipe channel through the check valve, then enters the upper sleeve of the packer through the lower packer, the lower joint of the linkage hydraulic layer changing switch, the annular space between the shell and the outer tube of the spring, the axial channel, the radial hole on the cylinder sleeve and the upper packer, and then is produced to the ground.
The third step: when a layer is pressed and changed, hydraulic pressure is applied to the sleeve, the upper packer seals an oil sleeve annulus, the hydraulic pressure can only be transmitted downwards from the central pipe of the upper packer, the hydraulic pressure acts on the piston to push the piston to compress the spring to move downwards, and the reversing track of the reversing track body is matched with the rotating ring and the track pin to control the downward distance to a reversing point; after pressure relief, the spring rebounds the piston, the rebounding position controlled by the long-section track is different from that before, and on-off control of two liquid inlet channels of the radial hole on the cylinder sleeve and the radial hole under the cylinder sleeve is achieved.
The linkage type hydraulic layer-changing switch mainly comprises an upper connector 1, a valve ball 3, a valve cover 2, a sealing piece 4, a cylinder sleeve 5, a piston 6, a shell 7, a spring outer tube 8, a rotary ring 9, a rail pin 10, a baffle ring 11, a spring 12, a plug 13, a lower connector 14 and the like. A lateral flow channel of the cylinder sleeve 5, a piston 6, a sealing element 4, a valve ball 3 and a valve cover 2 form an upper liquid inlet channel; the lower joint 14, the shell 7, the outer spring pipe 8, the axial flow channel of the cylinder sleeve 5 and the upper end of the cylinder sleeve 5 are provided with holes to form a lower liquid inlet channel. When the device is used, the packer is connected to the switch through an oil pipe, the switch joint 14 is connected with a lower packer and a check valve through related connection, hydraulic pressure is added into the oil pipe, the valve ball 3 is seated on the ball seat of the sealing element 4, the valve housing 2, the valve ball 3, the sealing element 4, the piston 6 and the baffle ring 11 compress the spring 12 to move downwards under the action of the hydraulic pressure, when the pressure reaches the design pressure, the track pin 10 reaches the upper dead point of the reversing track body, after the pressure is relieved, the track pin 10 is reversed to the short track (or reversed to the long track by the short track) from the long track, the liquid inlet channel of the lower layer is opened, and the production lower layer (or the liquid inlet channel of.
The cylinder sleeve 5 is designed with symmetrical breathing holes, and the spring 12 exhausts air through the breathing holes when the inner cavity stretches.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the positional indications or positional relationships are based on those shown in the drawings and are for the purpose of facilitating the description of the present invention, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations may be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (7)
1. The linkage type hydraulic layer changing switch comprises a track reversing mechanism, a piston mechanism and a shell, and is characterized in that the piston mechanism comprises a cylinder sleeve, a piston and a one-way valve, the cylinder sleeve is provided with a cylinder sleeve central hole which is axially communicated, an eccentric axial channel which is axially communicated and a cylinder sleeve lower radial hole which is radially communicated, the cylinder sleeve lower radial hole is communicated with the cylinder sleeve central hole, the cylinder sleeve lower radial hole is not communicated with the eccentric axial channel, the piston slides in the cylinder sleeve central hole in a sealing manner, the piston comprises a piston upper cavity and a piston lower cavity, a sealing section is arranged between the two cavities, an upper port of the piston upper cavity is connected with the one-way valve, an upper cavity radial hole is arranged on the piston upper cavity, the lower end of the cylinder sleeve is connected with the track reversing mechanism in a threaded manner, the lower port of the piston lower cavity is connected with the, the lower end of the outer wall of the cylinder sleeve is connected with the shell, an annular space is formed between the inner wall of the shell and the track reversing mechanism, the upper end of the annular space is communicated with the eccentric axial channel, the outer wall of the upper end of the cylinder sleeve is also provided with a radial hole in the cylinder sleeve, and the radial hole in the cylinder sleeve is communicated with the eccentric axial channel.
2. A linkage type hydraulic layer-changing switch according to claim 1, wherein a lower joint is connected with the lower end of the shell in a screw thread manner, an upper joint is connected with the upper end of the cylinder sleeve in a screw thread manner, the inner cavity of the lower joint is communicated with the annular space, the lower port of the upper joint is a large-diameter port which is communicated with the eccentric axial channel, a small-diameter port is arranged on the inner wall of the upper joint, and the small-diameter port is connected with the upper port of the central hole of the cylinder sleeve and is provided with a sealing ring.
3. The linkage type hydraulic layer-changing switch according to claim 2, wherein the check valve comprises a valve seat, a valve ball and a valve cover, the valve seat is provided with an axial through inner cavity, the upper end of the valve seat is connected with the lower port of the valve cover in a threaded manner, the lower end of the valve seat is connected with the upper port of the upper cavity of the piston in a threaded manner, the upper end of the valve cover is a blocking top, the valve cover is provided with a radial hole of the valve cover, and the upper port of the inner cavity of the valve seat is used for seating the valve ball.
4. A linkage hydraulic layer-changing switch according to claim 3, wherein the axial distance from the radial hole of the valve cover to the radial hole on the cylinder liner is equal to the axial distance of the plugging section of the piston of the radial hole under the cylinder liner of the cylinder liner, i.e. when the radial hole of the valve cover is communicated with the radial hole on the cylinder liner, the plugging section plugs the radial hole under the cylinder liner of the cylinder liner, the rail is in a long rail state after the layer changing, the piston moves upward as a whole, the radial hole of the valve cover corresponds to the upper part of the cylinder liner, and at this time, the plugging section plugs the radial hole under the upper cylinder liner of the cylinder liner.
5. The linkage type hydraulic layer-changing switch according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, wherein the rail reversing mechanism comprises a reversing rail body, an outer spring tube, a rotating ring, a rail pin, a baffle ring, a spring and a plug, an upper port of the outer spring tube is in threaded connection with the lower end of the cylinder sleeve, the plug is in threaded connection with a lower port of the outer spring tube, a necking shoulder is arranged on the inner wall of the outer spring tube, the baffle ring and the spring are both arranged in the outer spring tube, an outer clamping table is arranged on the outer wall of the baffle ring, the upper end face of the outer clamping table is limited on the lower end face of the necking shoulder, the upper end of the spring props against the lower end face of the baffle ring, the lower end face of the spring props against the plug, and the lower; the spring outer tube inner wall still installs the change-over, and change-over inner wall installation track pin, track pin stretch into in the switching-over track that switching-over track body outer wall was seted up, the switching-over track includes long track and short track, and long track is linked together through transition track with short track, and the track relative in long track, short track, transition orbital track inslot motion realization long track and short orbital conversion.
6. The linked hydraulic layer-changing switch as claimed in claim 5, wherein the cylinder sleeve is further provided with a breathing hole, the outer end of the breathing hole is communicated with the external space of the cylinder sleeve, and the inner end of the breathing hole is communicated with the inner cavity of the outer spring tube.
7. A linkage type hydraulic layer changing method for oilfield exploitation is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the first step is as follows: the two layers of oil wells are separated from each other by using packers, the lower layer of the oil wells corresponds to a check valve, the upper layer of the oil wells corresponds to a linkage type hydraulic layer changing switch, hydraulic pressure is pushed by a superior packer to move downwards to leak out of a radial hole in a cylinder sleeve during setting, and the hydraulic pressure can be transmitted downwards to the lower packer at the moment to realize the setting of the two-stage packers;
the second step is that: when the lower layer is produced, the lower layer production liquid enters an oil pipe channel through a check valve, passes through a lower packer, a lower joint of a linkage hydraulic layer changing switch, an annular space between a shell and a spring outer pipe, an axial channel, a radial hole on a cylinder sleeve and an upper packer, and enters an upper sleeve of the packer so as to be produced to the ground;
the third step: when a layer is pressed and changed, hydraulic pressure is applied to the sleeve, the upper packer seals an oil sleeve annulus, hydraulic pressure can only be transmitted downwards from the central pipe of the upper packer, the hydraulic pressure acts on the piston to push the piston to compress the spring to move downwards, and a reversing track of the reversing track body is matched with the track pin to control the downward distance to a reversing point; after pressure relief, the spring rebounds the piston, the long track controls the rebounding position to be different from the previous position, and on-off control of two liquid inlet channels of the radial hole on the cylinder sleeve and the radial hole under the cylinder sleeve is achieved.
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