CN113006750B - Construction tool and method for improving recovery ratio of low-permeability reservoir horizontal well - Google Patents
Construction tool and method for improving recovery ratio of low-permeability reservoir horizontal well Download PDFInfo
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- CN113006750B CN113006750B CN202110287393.9A CN202110287393A CN113006750B CN 113006750 B CN113006750 B CN 113006750B CN 202110287393 A CN202110287393 A CN 202110287393A CN 113006750 B CN113006750 B CN 113006750B
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 54
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005465 channeling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B34/00—Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells
- E21B34/06—Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells in wells
- E21B34/10—Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells in wells operated by control fluid supplied from outside the borehole
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B34/00—Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells
- E21B34/06—Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells in wells
- E21B34/14—Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells in wells operated by movement of tools, e.g. sleeve valves operated by pistons or wire line tools
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
- E21B43/20—Displacing by water
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of oil and gas development, and relates to a construction tool and a method for improving the recovery ratio of a low-permeability reservoir horizontal well. A construction tool and a method for improving the recovery ratio of a horizontal well of a low-permeability reservoir comprise a pipe column, wherein the pipe column comprises an outer wall and an inner wall; the lower end of the pipe column is connected with a drill bit; the interior of the pipe column comprises an upper sliding block, a sliding sleeve spring and a ball seat which are sequentially connected from top to bottom; the upper sliding block and the sliding sleeve spring are positioned in a closed space formed by the outer wall and the inner wall; the upper part of the upper sliding block and the outer wall form a cavity, the middle part of the upper sliding block is provided with a sliding hole, and the lower part of the upper sliding block is connected with a sliding sleeve spring; a lower contact block and a packer rubber cylinder are arranged outside the pipe column, the lower contact block is positioned in the cavity, and the packer rubber cylinder is connected with the contact block and is positioned at the corresponding position outside the pipe column; the outer wall is also provided with a fixing hole; an outer lightweight ball is also included. The invention improves the overall exploitation degree and the recovery ratio of the low-permeability reservoir.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of oil and gas development, and relates to a construction tool and a method for improving the recovery ratio of a low-permeability reservoir horizontal well.
Background
The horizontal well is one of the key technologies for developing low-permeability oil and gas fields at home and abroad, the number of the horizontal wells is increased year by year, but the formation pressure of an oil reservoir is gradually reduced along with the continuous deepening of the exploration and development of the horizontal well, and the yield of a single well is gradually reduced year by year. In order to solve the problem, various methods are adopted for increasing the formation pressure in each large oil and gas field, such as water injection, gas injection and the like, but the effect is not obvious, and the problems that the water content of part of horizontal wells is increased, an injection well is communicated with a production well, even the horizontal wells are flooded to cause well shut-in and the like are solved. This results in many low permeability horizontal wells relying on the formation's natural energy to produce, low single well production, low recovery, and poor economic efficiency.
To increase the recovery efficiency of a horizontal well from a low permeability reservoir, the formation energy must be constantly increased or maintained. There are many methods for achieving this, but the methods generally used are mainly water injection, gas injection, huff and puff, and the like. (1) The first method is water injection and gas injection, and is characterized in that a special injection well is arranged around a horizontal well, a medium is injected according to a designed amount, however, low-permeability horizontal wells are basically produced in a large-scale fracturing modification mode, a large number of artificial fracture networks are distributed around a horizontal section, and the injected medium easily enters a horizontal shaft along fractures, so that the water (gas) content of the horizontal well is increased, and even the problems of well shut-in due to water (gas) channeling and the like occur. (2) The other method is that the horizontal well generally throughput (water or gas) increases the formation energy, the method can only supplement the pressure of a low-pressure layer section, the requirement of differential energy supplement caused by contradiction between the horizontal section sections is difficult to meet, the pertinence is not strong, and the method has very limited improvement on the overall pressure and yield of the horizontal well formation. (3) The third method is to adopt a packing tool to separately pack different horizontal intervals and increase the formation pressure section by section. Because the fracturing opening degree (length) of each section of the horizontal section is different, and the position of the packing tool must be fixed when the string of the string causing many times, increase construction cycle and cost. The method has the advantages of complex tool string, high construction risk, high operation requirement and high construction cost. Therefore, there are many problems associated with the art of enhanced recovery by increasing the formation energy of low permeability horizontal wells.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problem, a construction method and a matched tool thereof are designed, wherein the construction method is simple and convenient, easy to operate, low in cost and small in construction risk and can be used for improving the recovery ratio of the low-permeability reservoir horizontal well. The technology can realize that the energizing medium is injected into the horizontal well in a segmented manner to increase the formation pressure, and improve the yield and the ultimate recovery ratio of the single well. The implementation process of the technology can realize the low permeability reservoir horizontal well segmented energization operation by matching with a horizontal well segmented injection tool, and the method is simple and convenient and is easy to operate.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows.
The invention provides a construction tool for improving the recovery ratio of a low-permeability oil reservoir horizontal well;
a construction tool for improving the recovery ratio of a horizontal well of a low-permeability reservoir comprises a pipe column, wherein the pipe column comprises an outer wall and an inner wall; the lower end of the pipe column is connected with a drill bit; the interior of the pipe column comprises an upper sliding block, a sliding sleeve spring and a ball seat which are sequentially connected from top to bottom; the upper sliding block and the sliding sleeve spring are positioned in a closed space formed by the outer wall and the inner wall; the upper part of the upper sliding block and the outer wall form a cavity, the middle part of the upper sliding block is provided with a sliding hole, and the lower part of the upper sliding block is connected with a sliding sleeve spring;
a lower contact block and a packer rubber cylinder are arranged outside the pipe column, the lower contact block is positioned in the cavity, and the packer rubber cylinder is connected with the contact block and is positioned at the corresponding position outside the pipe column; the outer wall is also provided with a fixing hole;
an outer lightweight ball is also included.
The invention provides a construction method for improving the recovery ratio of a low-permeability oil reservoir horizontal well.
A construction method for improving the recovery ratio of a horizontal well of a low-permeability reservoir uses the construction tool, and the specific method comprises the following steps:
(1) after the horizontal well completes the well-flushing operation of the whole shaft, the adjacent intervals are sealed and isolated, and the reliability of the sealing and isolation among the intervals is confirmed;
(2) a construction tool is put into the horizontal shaft, when the construction tool reaches the middle part of a first layer section closest to a vertical well section of the horizontal well, the lowering is stopped, an injection pipeline is connected to a wellhead, an energizing medium is injected into an oil pipe and an oil sleeve annulus at the same time, and the injection is stopped after the energizing medium is injected into the first layer section;
(3) opening an annular pipeline valve, lowering the construction tool to the top of the rubber plug, improving the discharge capacity of an oil pipe, starting the work of a drill bit, drilling and grinding the rubber plug while lowering the construction tool until the rubber plug is completely ground off, and then injecting 1.5 flushing fluids with the volume of the shaft until the injected flushing fluids are consistent with the back-discharged energizing medium;
(4) continuously lowering the construction tool to the middle part of the second interval, then throwing the light ball from the oil pipe of the wellhead, injecting active water from the small displacement of the oil pipe until the light ball falls into the ball seat, gradually increasing the pressure of the oil pipe, pushing the sliding sleeve spring to move downwards by the ball seat, expanding and setting the rubber sleeve of the packer when the upper sliding block moves to the lower contact block, enabling the sliding hole to reach the position of the fixed hole, and communicating the hole with the shaft;
(5) starting to inject an energizing medium from an oil pipe, stopping injecting the oil pipe after the target injection amount is finished, restoring the sliding sleeve spring to the original position, restoring the upper sliding block to the original position, restoring and unsealing the rubber sleeve of the packer, and closing the hole;
(6) opening an oil pipe valve, injecting active water from the empty large displacement of the oil sleeve, flushing the light ball out of the oil pipe, and completing the injection operation of the second layer;
(7) lowering the construction tool to the position of the rubber plug at the upper part of the next layer section again, opening the oil sleeve annulus valve, increasing the discharge capacity of the oil pipe, starting the drilling plug of the drill bit, and then repeating the steps (1) to (6) to finish the stratum pressure supplement operation of other layers of the horizontal well;
(8) after the formation pressure supplement operation is completed, determining the well closing time according to the length of the horizontal well interval and the total amount of liquid entering the formation so as to close the well and recover the formation energy; during shut-in, the injected energy-increasing medium gradually enters into the pore canal and the matrix in the stratum, further diffuses in the stratum, replaces crude oil in the matrix, increases the energy of the stratum, gradually enlarges the oil displacement volume, peels off the crude oil in the pore throat and displaces the matrix crude oil, thereby improving the yield of a single well and the final oil displacement efficiency.
And a liquid rubber plug is adopted when the adjacent layer sections are sealed.
The invention has the technical effects that:
(1) the implementation process adopts an integrated tool for horizontal well sectional injection and drilling and plugging, can achieve the purpose of increasing the stratum energy of the horizontal well in sections, flexibly adjusts the injection amount of each section according to the pressure condition of each interval of the horizontal well, and achieves the pressure balance among the sections of the horizontal shaft, thereby improving the overall utilization degree and recovery ratio of the low-permeability reservoir;
(2) the implementation process adopts the liquid rubber plug with high compressive strength and high reliability, so that effective plugging and separation of each layer section of the horizontal well can be ensured, rapid drilling, grinding and milling can be realized, the construction cost can be reduced, and the construction efficiency and the operation safety can be improved;
(3) the packer, the sliding sleeve and the drill bit are organically combined together by the tool adopted in the implementation process, the structure is simple, the implementation is easy, the number of tools for the well-descending pipe string is small, and the safety risk is small; the tool can meet the requirement of injecting media into the horizontal well in a segmented manner, can quickly process rubber plugs for plugging other intervals, realizes continuous operation, and remarkably improves the construction efficiency;
(4) the implementation process can realize the large-displacement forward injection of the energizing medium by putting the light ball through the oil pipe, and achieves the purpose of quickly increasing the formation pressure of each layer section of the horizontal well shaft; the filling hole can be closed, the packer can be unsealed, and the light ball can return to the ground by reverse injection of the oil sleeve annulus, so that the safety of the construction process is improved;
(5) the implementation process is simple and convenient to operate, easy to control, simple in construction flow and small in safety risk.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a construction method for improving the recovery ratio of a horizontal well of a low-permeability reservoir and a matched tool thereof.
Reference numerals: 1-upper sliding block, 2-lower contact block, 3-packer rubber cylinder, 4-sliding hole, 5-fixing hole, 6-sliding sleeve spring, 7-light ball, 8-ball seat and 9-drill bit.
Detailed Description
Example 1
A construction tool for improving the recovery ratio of a horizontal well of a low-permeability reservoir comprises a pipe column, wherein the pipe column comprises an outer wall and an inner wall; the lower end of the pipe column is connected with a drill bit 9; the pipe column comprises an upper sliding block 1, a sliding sleeve spring 6 and a ball seat 8 which are sequentially connected from top to bottom; the upper sliding block 1 and the sliding sleeve spring 6 are positioned in a closed space formed by the outer wall and the inner wall; the upper part of the upper sliding block 1 and the outer wall form a cavity, the middle part is provided with a sliding hole 4, and the lower part is connected with a sliding sleeve spring 6;
a lower contact block 2 and a packer rubber cylinder 3 are arranged outside the pipe column, the lower contact block 2 is positioned in the cavity, and the packer rubber cylinder 3 is connected with the contact block and is positioned at the corresponding position outside the pipe column; the outer wall is also provided with a fixed eyelet 5;
an outer lightweight ball 7 is also included.
The specific implementation process of this embodiment is as follows:
(1) after the horizontal well completes the well-flushing operation of the whole shaft, the adjacent intervals are sealed and isolated, and the reliability of the sealing and isolation among the intervals is confirmed;
(2) a construction tool is put into the horizontal shaft, when the construction tool reaches the middle part of a first layer section closest to a vertical well section of the horizontal well, the lowering is stopped, an injection pipeline is connected to a wellhead, an energizing medium is injected into an oil pipe and an oil sleeve annulus at the same time, and the injection is stopped after the energizing medium is injected into the first layer section;
(3) opening an annular pipeline valve, lowering the construction tool to the top of the rubber plug position, improving the discharge capacity of an oil pipe, starting the work of a drill bit 9, drilling and grinding the rubber plug while lowering the construction tool until the rubber plug is completely ground, and then injecting 1.5 well washing liquids with the volume of a well shaft until the injected well washing liquids are consistent with the energy increasing medium discharged back;
(4) continuously lowering the construction tool to the middle part of the second interval, then throwing the light ball 7 from the oil pipe of the wellhead, and injecting active water from the small displacement of the oil pipe until the light ball 7 falls into the ball seat 8, the pressure of the oil pipe gradually rises, the ball seat 8 pushes the sliding sleeve spring 6 to move downwards, when the upper sliding block 1 moves to the lower contact block 2, the packer rubber sleeve 3 expands and seats, the sliding hole 4 reaches the position of the fixed hole 5, and the hole is communicated with the shaft;
(5) starting to inject an energizing medium from an oil pipe, stopping injecting the oil pipe after the target injection amount is finished, restoring the sliding sleeve spring 6 to the original position, restoring the upper sliding block 1 to the original position, restoring and unsealing the packer rubber barrel 3, and closing the hole; the target injection amount refers to the injection amount of an energizing medium which can meet the requirement of stratum energy supplement, and is determined according to the characteristics of the oil reservoir stratum;
(6) opening an oil pipe valve, injecting active water from the empty large displacement of the oil sleeve, flushing the light ball 7 out of the oil pipe, and completing the injection operation of the second layer;
(7) lowering the construction tool to the position of the rubber plug at the upper part of the next layer section again, opening the oil sleeve annulus valve, improving the discharge capacity of the oil pipe, starting to drill the plug by the drill bit 9, and then repeating the steps (1) to (6) to finish the stratum pressure supplement operation of other layers of the horizontal well;
(8) after the formation pressure supplement operation is completed, determining the well closing time according to the length of the horizontal well interval and the total amount of liquid entering the formation so as to close the well and recover the formation energy; during shut-in, the injected energy-increasing medium gradually enters into the pore canal and the matrix in the stratum, further diffuses in the stratum, replaces crude oil in the matrix, increases the energy of the stratum, gradually enlarges the oil displacement volume, peels off the crude oil in the pore throat and displaces the matrix crude oil, thereby improving the yield of a single well and the final oil displacement efficiency. The shut-in time is determined according to the comprehensive determination of the original formation pressure and the hole seepage condition, the diffusion condition of the injected liquid is determined, the well bore liquid column pressure is reflected specifically, and the shut-in is finished when the well bore liquid column pressure and the original formation pressure are balanced.
Example 2
On the basis of embodiment 1, the method further comprises the following steps: and a liquid rubber plug is adopted when the adjacent layer sections are sealed.
Claims (3)
1. A construction tool for improving the recovery ratio of a horizontal well of a low-permeability reservoir comprises a pipe column, wherein the pipe column comprises an outer wall and an inner wall; the lower end of the pipe column is connected with a drill bit (9); the method is characterized in that: the pipe column comprises an upper sliding block (1), a sliding sleeve spring (6) and a ball seat (8) which are sequentially connected from top to bottom; the upper sliding block (1) and the sliding sleeve spring (6) are positioned in a closed space formed by the outer wall and the inner wall; the upper part and the outer wall of the upper sliding block (1) form a cavity, the middle part is provided with a sliding hole (4), and the lower part is connected with a sliding sleeve spring (6);
a lower contact block (2) and a packer rubber cylinder (3) are arranged outside the pipe column, the lower contact block (2) is positioned in the cavity, and the packer rubber cylinder (3) is connected with the contact block and positioned at the corresponding position outside the pipe column; the outer wall is also provided with a fixing hole (5);
also comprises an external light ball (7).
2. A construction method for improving the recovery ratio of a horizontal well of a low-permeability reservoir is characterized by comprising the following steps: the use of the work tool of claim 1, in particular by:
(1) after the horizontal well completes the well-flushing operation of the whole shaft, the adjacent intervals are sealed and isolated, and the reliability of the sealing and isolation among the intervals is confirmed;
(2) a construction tool is put into the horizontal shaft, when the construction tool reaches the middle part of a first layer section closest to a vertical well section of the horizontal well, the lowering is stopped, an injection pipeline is connected to a wellhead, an energizing medium is injected into an oil pipe and an oil sleeve annulus at the same time, and the injection is stopped after the energizing medium is injected into the first layer section;
(3) opening an annular pipeline valve, lowering the construction tool to the top of the rubber plug position, improving the discharge capacity of an oil pipe, starting the work of a drill bit (9), drilling and grinding the rubber plug while lowering the construction tool until the rubber plug is completely ground, and then injecting 1.5 wellbore volumes of flushing fluid until the injected flushing fluid is consistent with the energy increasing medium discharged back;
(4) continuously lowering a construction tool to the middle part of the second interval, then throwing a light ball (7) from an oil pipe of a wellhead, injecting active water from the small displacement of the oil pipe until the light ball (7) falls into a ball seat (8), gradually raising the pressure of the oil pipe, pushing a sliding sleeve spring (6) to move downwards by the ball seat (8), expanding and setting a packer rubber sleeve (3) when an upper sliding block (1) moves to a lower contact block (2), enabling a sliding eyelet (4) to reach the position of a fixed eyelet (5), and enabling the eyelet to be communicated with a shaft;
(5) starting to inject an energizing medium from an oil pipe, stopping injecting the oil pipe after the target injection amount is finished, restoring the sliding sleeve spring (6) to the original position, restoring the upper sliding block (1) to the original position, restoring and unsealing the packer rubber cylinder (3), and closing the hole;
(6) opening an oil pipe valve, injecting active water from the empty large displacement of the oil sleeve, flushing the light ball (7) out of the oil pipe, and completing injection operation of the second layer section;
(7) lowering the construction tool to the position of the rubber plug at the upper part of the next layer section again, opening the oil sleeve annulus valve, improving the discharge capacity of the oil pipe, starting drilling the plug by the drill bit (9), and then repeating the steps (1) to (6) to complete the stratum pressure supplement operation of other layers of the horizontal well;
(8) after the formation pressure supplement operation is completed, determining the well closing time according to the length of the horizontal well interval and the total amount of liquid entering the formation so as to close the well and recover the formation energy; during shut-in, the injected energy-increasing medium gradually enters into the pore canal and the matrix in the stratum, further diffuses in the stratum, replaces crude oil in the matrix, increases the energy of the stratum, gradually enlarges the oil displacement volume, peels off the crude oil in the pore throat and displaces the matrix crude oil, thereby improving the yield of a single well and the final oil displacement efficiency.
3. The construction method for improving the recovery ratio of the low permeability reservoir horizontal well according to claim 2, wherein the construction method comprises the following steps: and a liquid rubber plug is adopted when the adjacent layer sections are sealed.
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| GB9902027D0 (en) * | 1999-01-29 | 1999-03-17 | Specialised Petroleum Serv Ltd | Torque limiting tool |
| CN101864932B (en) * | 2010-05-28 | 2013-01-09 | 盘锦三阳石油科技发展有限公司 | Large-discharge electric submerged screw pump oil extracting equipment |
| CN203035102U (en) * | 2013-01-21 | 2013-07-03 | 中国石油集团渤海钻探工程有限公司 | Open hole horizontal well segmentation multi-cluster even acidification tubular column |
| CN105178912B (en) * | 2014-06-18 | 2018-03-30 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | A kind of drilling tool by-passing valve |
| CN204024594U (en) * | 2014-09-01 | 2014-12-17 | 中国石油集团渤海钻探工程有限公司 | Horizontal cementing is used can switch fracturing sliding bush construction pipe string |
| CN105134132B (en) * | 2015-09-17 | 2018-01-05 | 中国石油天然气集团公司 | With brill down-hole by-pass valve |
| CN211692400U (en) * | 2019-12-26 | 2020-10-16 | 中国石油集团川庆钻探工程有限公司 | Underground bypass valve for coiled tubing |
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