CN112170838A - Material increasing and decreasing manufacturing device and material increasing and decreasing composite manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents

Material increasing and decreasing manufacturing device and material increasing and decreasing composite manufacturing method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112170838A
CN112170838A CN202010855161.4A CN202010855161A CN112170838A CN 112170838 A CN112170838 A CN 112170838A CN 202010855161 A CN202010855161 A CN 202010855161A CN 112170838 A CN112170838 A CN 112170838A
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axis
powder
precision
forming
stepping motor
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CN112170838B (en
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张新洲
陈兰
任旭东
甘淑媛
郭二廓
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Jiangsu University
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Jiangsu University
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Priority to GB2203346.8A priority patent/GB2601455B/en
Priority to PCT/CN2020/116426 priority patent/WO2022041354A1/en
Publication of CN112170838A publication Critical patent/CN112170838A/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/0006—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring taking account of the properties of the material involved
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/003—Apparatus, e.g. furnaces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
    • B22F10/28—Powder bed fusion, e.g. selective laser melting [SLM] or electron beam melting [EBM]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/50—Treatment of workpieces or articles during build-up, e.g. treatments applied to fused layers during build-up
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/60—Treatment of workpieces or articles after build-up
    • B22F10/66—Treatment of workpieces or articles after build-up by mechanical means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/80—Data acquisition or data processing
    • B22F10/85—Data acquisition or data processing for controlling or regulating additive manufacturing processes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
    • B22F12/30—Platforms or substrates
    • B22F12/37—Rotatable
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
    • B22F12/50—Means for feeding of material, e.g. heads
    • B22F12/55—Two or more means for feeding material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
    • B22F12/60—Planarisation devices; Compression devices
    • B22F12/67—Blades
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
    • B22F12/90—Means for process control, e.g. cameras or sensors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/24—After-treatment of workpieces or articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/02—Positioning or observing the workpiece, e.g. with respect to the point of impact; Aligning, aiming or focusing the laser beam
    • B23K26/06—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing
    • B23K26/062—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing by direct control of the laser beam
    • B23K26/0622—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing by direct control of the laser beam by shaping pulses
    • B23K26/0624—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing by direct control of the laser beam by shaping pulses using ultrashort pulses, i.e. pulses of 1ns or less
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/08—Devices involving relative movement between laser beam and workpiece
    • B23K26/082—Scanning systems, i.e. devices involving movement of the laser beam relative to the laser head
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/08—Devices involving relative movement between laser beam and workpiece
    • B23K26/0823—Devices involving rotation of the workpiece
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/08—Devices involving relative movement between laser beam and workpiece
    • B23K26/083—Devices involving movement of the workpiece in at least one axial direction
    • B23K26/0853—Devices involving movement of the workpiece in at least in two axial directions, e.g. in a plane
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/08—Devices involving relative movement between laser beam and workpiece
    • B23K26/0869—Devices involving movement of the laser head in at least one axial direction
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/12—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring in a special atmosphere, e.g. in an enclosure
    • B23K26/123—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring in a special atmosphere, e.g. in an enclosure in an atmosphere of particular gases
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/12—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring in a special atmosphere, e.g. in an enclosure
    • B23K26/127—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring in a special atmosphere, e.g. in an enclosure in an enclosure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/34—Laser welding for purposes other than joining
    • B23K26/342—Build-up welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/352—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring for surface treatment
    • B23K26/3568—Modifying rugosity
    • B23K26/3576—Diminishing rugosity, e.g. grinding; Polishing; Smoothing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/36—Removing material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y40/00—Auxiliary operations or equipment, e.g. for material handling
    • B33Y40/20—Post-treatment, e.g. curing, coating or polishing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y50/00—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
    • B33Y50/02—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing for controlling or regulating additive manufacturing processes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/24—After-treatment of workpieces or articles
    • B22F2003/247—Removing material: carving, cleaning, grinding, hobbing, honing, lapping, polishing, milling, shaving, skiving, turning the surface
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/25—Process efficiency

Abstract

The invention relates to an increased and decreased material manufacturing device and an increased and decreased material composite manufacturing method thereof, which comprise a base body, wherein a rotating platform with 3 degrees of freedom, an SLM laser scanning device and an ultrafast laser polishing device which can move with single degree of freedom, a high-speed numerical control processing unit with 2 translational degrees of freedom, a high-precision three-dimensional vision measuring device and a radiation flaw detection system are arranged on the base body. The device realizes the alternate laser additive manufacturing, high-speed numerical control cutting processing and ultrafast laser polishing surface treatment in one device, thereby realizing the dimensional accuracy and the surface roughness equivalent to those of a processing center, realizing the manufacture of a high-precision inner cavity structure and a conformal channel which can not be realized by the processing center, successfully integrating the free manufacturing of the laser additive manufacturing, the high-speed high-precision manufacturing of the processing center and the ultrafast laser polishing surface treatment into a whole, and improving the comprehensive performance of produced parts.

Description

Material increasing and decreasing manufacturing device and material increasing and decreasing composite manufacturing method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of laser additive manufacturing, and particularly relates to an additive and subtractive manufacturing device based on SLM (Selective laser melting) molding and an additive and subtractive composite manufacturing method thereof.
Background
With the development of the 3D printing technology of metal, the metal is more and more widely applied to the fields of aerospace, automobiles, medical treatment, molds and the like. The slow forming speed and the high processing cost of the 3D metal printing are main limiting factors for the popularization and the application of the 3D metal printing in the market. At present, due to the influence of a great temperature gradient and a complex structure of a product, defects such as holes, microcracks, cracks and the like often occur in a metal product formed by the SLM, and the defects are key factors causing poor mechanical property of the metal product. For parts with complex internal flow channels, such as conformal cooling water paths, ram engines and rocket engine regenerative cooling flow channels, it is difficult to achieve effective reprocessing of internal surfaces. In addition, SLM processing also has the defects of low production efficiency, high processing cost and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an SLM-based material increase and decrease manufacturing device and a material increase and decrease composite manufacturing method thereof, aiming at the defects that holes, microcracks, cracks and the like often occur in SLM-molded metal products, parts with complex inner cavity structures cannot effectively reprocess the inner surfaces, and SLM processing has the defects of low production efficiency, high processing cost and the like.
In order to realize the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a material increase and decrease manufacturing device comprises a base body, wherein a three-degree-of-freedom rotating platform, a laser scanning device, an ultrafast laser polishing device and a high-speed numerical control machining unit are arranged in the base body, a scraper moving guide rail, a forming cylinder and a powder cylinder are mounted on the rotating platform, a scraper is mounted on the scraper moving guide rail, the forming cylinder comprises a forming cylinder lifting table, a forming substrate is arranged on the surface of the forming cylinder lifting table, the forming cylinder lifting table is fixed on a forming cylinder lifting ball screw, a forming cylinder lifting nut is fixed at the bottom of the forming cylinder, and a forming cylinder lifting stepping motor drives the forming cylinder lifting ball screw to rotate so as to drive the forming cylinder lifting table to ascend and descend; the powder cylinder comprises a powder cylinder lifting platform, formed powder is arranged on the powder cylinder lifting platform, a scraper is positioned above the formed powder, the powder cylinder lifting platform is fixed on a powder cylinder lifting ball screw, a powder cylinder lifting nut is fixed at the bottom of the powder cylinder, and a powder cylinder lifting stepping motor drives the powder cylinder lifting ball screw to rotate so as to drive the powder cylinder lifting platform to ascend and descend; the laser scanning device, the ultrafast laser polishing device and the high-speed numerical control machining unit are all arranged above the three-degree-of-freedom rotating platform.
In the scheme, the rotating platform is fixedly arranged on a bearing fixing seat A and a bearing fixing seat B, the bearing fixing seat A is simultaneously provided with an X-axis moving guide rail A and an X-axis precise ball screw A, the bearing fixing seat B is simultaneously provided with an X-axis moving guide rail B and an X-axis precise ball screw B, and the X-axis stepping motor A and the X-axis stepping motor B respectively drive the X-axis precise ball screw A and the X-axis precise ball screw B to synchronously drive the rotating platform to move on the X-axis moving guide rail A and the X-axis precise ball screw B; the Y-axis rotating shaft is arranged on the bearing fixing seat A and the bearing fixing seat B, the Y-axis rotating large gear is arranged on the Y-axis rotating shaft, the Y-axis rotating stepping motor drives the Y-axis rotating small gear to rotate, and the Y-axis rotating small gear drives the Y-axis rotating large gear to rotate so as to drive the Y-axis rotating shaft to rotate around the Y axis; the Z-axis rotating gear shaft is arranged on the Y-axis rotating shaft, and the Z-axis rotating stepping motor drives the Z-axis rotating pinion to rotate so as to drive the Z-axis rotating pinion to rotate around the Z axis.
In the scheme, the high-speed numerical control machining unit is simultaneously provided with the high-precision three-dimensional vision measuring device and the radiation flaw detection system.
In the above scheme, the number of the forming cylinder lifting tables and the number of the powder cylinder lifting tables are multiple, every two adjacent forming cylinder lifting tables are connected with each other through a dovetail groove structure and can move up and down relatively, every two adjacent powder cylinder lifting tables are connected with each other through a dovetail groove structure and can move up and down relatively.
In the above scheme, the rotary platform baffle is fixed on the top end of the rotary platform to prevent the molding powder from overflowing from the rotary platform when the rotary platform rotates.
In the scheme, the laser scanning device and the ultrafast laser polishing device are both fixed on the Y-axis precise ball screw, and the Y-axis stepping motor B drives the Y-axis precise ball screw to reciprocate along the Y axis.
In the above scheme, the high-precision three-dimensional vision measuring device, the high-speed numerical control machining unit and the radiation inspection system are mounted on a Y-axis moving guide rail, and are driven by a Y-axis stepping motor a to reciprocate along the Y-axis moving guide rail.
In the above scheme, the Y-axis moving guide rail is installed on the Z-axis precise ball screw a and the Z-axis precise ball screw B, and is driven by the Z-axis stepping motor a and the Z-axis stepping motor B to move synchronously, the bottom of the base body is fixedly provided with the fixed base, and the Z-axis stepping motor a, the Z-axis stepping motor B, the X-axis stepping motor a, the X-axis stepping motor B and the Y-axis rotating stepping motor are all installed on the fixed base.
The invention also provides a material increase and decrease composite manufacturing method by using the material increase and decrease manufacturing device, which comprises the following steps: s1: determining the number and the positions of the lifting platforms of the forming cylinder to be started according to the size of the processed part, wherein the powder cylinder and the forming cylinder are arranged in the same way, and the forming powder is added into the powder cylinder; placing a corresponding forming substrate according to the use shape of the forming cylinder; s2: sealing the whole matrix, vacuumizing and filling protective gas; heating to a suitable working temperature; s3: adjusting all parts to initial positions, enabling the rotating platform to be in a horizontal non-rotating position, enabling the forming cylinder to be located in a processing range of the SLM laser scanning device, and enabling the high-speed numerical control processing unit, the high-precision three-dimensional vision measuring device and the radiation flaw detection system to be located at the rightmost end of the Y-axis moving guide rail; s4: the forming cylinder lifting platform started in the forming cylinder descends by a layer of thickness, the powder cylinder lifting platform started in the powder cylinder ascends by a layer of thickness, the forming powder is spread into the forming cylinder by a scraper, and the powder isolating device isolates the forming powder, so that the powder is prevented from overflowing, and the powder spreading uniformity is ensured; s5: the laser scanning device starts to work, and the current layer powder is melted and sintered; s6: after a layer of powder is melted and sintered, a high-precision three-dimensional vision measuring device firstly calibrates a camera and registers a coordinate system, then measures the forming size of the current layer, and transmits the measurement result to a central intelligent control system through a signal wire; s7: the central intelligent control system compares the measurement result with the layered parameter size: if the measurement result is larger than the design size and exceeds the allowable error, the step S8 is performed; if the measurement result is smaller than the design size and exceeds the allowable error, the step S10 is performed; if the measurement result is within the allowable error range, jumping to step S11; s8: if the workpiece forming size is larger than the layered design size, the central control system automatically generates a numerical control machining code according to the out-of-tolerance size; s9: the high-speed numerical control machining unit is used for machining the workpiece; according to the automatically set processing code, moving to the upper part of the workpiece, and processing the workpiece; the rotating platform is adjusted to a corresponding position and an angle according to the machining code so as to carry out five-axis numerical control machining on the workpiece; after the processing is finished, jumping to step S6; s10: the central intelligent control system generates a compensation layered processing program according to the out-of-tolerance size, and then jumps to step S4; s11: the radiation flaw detection system carries out non-contact flaw detection on the finished sintering layer and records the position of the flaw; s12: the radiation flaw detection system transmits the flaw position data to the central control system, the central control system judges according to the set error value, and if the flaw is within the allowable error range, the step S4 is skipped; if the defect condition exceeds the set error, continue to step S13; s13: the central intelligent control system automatically generates a numerical control machining program according to the defect condition; s14: the high-speed numerical control processing unit cuts off the defect part; s15: the central intelligent control system automatically generates a compensation layered sintering program according to the cut part and jumps to the step S4; s16: if the workpiece is provided with an inner cavity structure, a certain number of machining layers can be set according to requirements, and then a high-speed numerical control machining unit is adopted to finish the inner cavity wall; s17: the central intelligent control system generates an ultrafast laser polishing program according to the measurement result, and the ultrafast laser polishing device performs ultrafast polishing on the inner cavity of the workpiece; s18: the high-precision three-dimensional vision measuring device is used for detecting the precision of the polished inner cavity, the central intelligent control system judges according to the detection precision, and if the precision meets the requirement, the next step is carried out; if the precision does not meet the requirement, jumping to step S17; s19: and repeating the steps S4, S5, S6, S7, S8, S9, S10, S11, S12, S13, S14, S15, S16, S17 and S18 until all the additive and subtractive manufacturing processing is finished.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: 1. the device realizes the alternate laser additive manufacturing, high-speed numerical control cutting processing and ultrafast laser polishing surface treatment in one device, thereby realizing the dimensional precision and the surface roughness equivalent to those of a machining center, and also realizing the manufacture of a high-precision inner cavity structure and a conformal channel which cannot be realized by the machining center, successfully integrating the free manufacture of laser additive manufacturing, the high-speed high-precision manufacture of the machining center and the surface treatment of ultrafast laser polishing into a whole, compared with the traditional SLM additive manufacturing, the device realizes the alternate laser additive manufacturing and the high-speed numerical control cutting processing in one device, therefore, the size precision and the surface roughness equivalent to those of the machining center are realized, the manufacturing of an inner cavity structure and a conformal channel which cannot be realized by the machining center can also be realized, and the free manufacturing of laser additive manufacturing and the high-speed high-precision manufacturing of the machining center are successfully integrated. 2. The processing method can be used for modeling by adopting larger light spots and then performing finish machining by adopting precision cutting, thereby improving the dimensional precision and the surface quality of the molded part and manufacturing the part with a complicated channel inside. 3. The forming cylinder and the powder cylinder with variable capacities are adopted by the device, so that the capacities can be changed according to the sizes of formed parts, the utilization rate of powder is improved, and the production efficiency is improved; particularly, the processing cost is greatly reduced aiming at the processing of high-cost experimental powder. 4. The five-axis linkage device adopted by the device is simple in structure and low in cost, and the cost of the device can be reduced while the machining precision is ensured. 5. The machining error of the layered workpiece is measured through the high-precision three-dimensional vision measuring device, the internal defect of the layered workpiece is measured through the radiation flaw detection system, and the numerical control machining unit is adopted for cutting machining, so that the comprehensive performance of the produced part is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the apparatus of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a top view of a rotating platform in the apparatus of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a top view of the forming cylinder and powder cylinder lift.
Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a single forming cylinder lift and powder cylinder lift.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the inner cavity of the workpiece machined according to the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the inner cavity of an ultrafast laser polished workpiece according to the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a flow chart of the method control of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a central intelligent control system; 2. a signal line; 3. a Y-axis stepping motor A; 4. a substrate; 5. a Y-axis stepping motor B; 6. y-axis precision ball screw; 7. a laser scanning device; 8. a high-precision three-dimensional vision measuring device; 9. a high-speed numerical control machining unit; 10. a radiation inspection system; 11. an ultrafast laser polishing device; 12. a Y-axis moving guide rail; 13. a Z-axis precision ball screw A; 14. rotating the platform; 15. a scraper; 16. a scraper moving guide rail; 17. molding the powder; 18. a powder jar; 19. a powder cylinder lifting platform; 20. a powder cylinder lifting stepping motor; 21. a powder cylinder lifting ball screw; 22. a powder cylinder lifting nut; 23. a Z-axis rotating gear shaft; 24. a Z-axis rotation pinion; 25. a Z-axis rotary stepper motor; y-axis rotation axis; 27. a bearing fixing seat A; 28, a Z-axis stepping motor A; 29. an X-axis stepping motor A; 30. a fixed base; 31. an X-axis stepping motor B; 32. a Z-axis stepping motor B; 33. a Y-axis rotary stepper motor; 34. the Y axis rotates the bull gear; 35. a Z-axis precision ball screw B; 36. forming a cylinder lifting nut; 37. the forming cylinder lifts the ball screw; 38. a forming cylinder lifting stepping motor; 39. a forming cylinder lifting table; 40. a forming cylinder; 41. molding a substrate; 42. a workpiece; 43. rotating the platform baffle; 44. an X-axis precision ball screw B; 45. an X-axis moving guide rail B; 46. an X-axis moving guide rail A; 47. an X-axis precision ball screw A; 48. a bearing fixing seat B; 49. a Y-axis rotation pinion; 50. and a powder isolation device.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and specific examples.
As shown in fig. 1 to 6, the SLM-based intelligent five-axis material-increasing and material-decreasing composite manufacturing system provided in this embodiment includes a base 4, and a fixing base 30 is disposed on the base 4. The rotary platform 14 with 3 degrees of freedom moves on the X-axis moving guide rail A46 and the X-axis moving guide rail B45 through a bearing fixing seat A27 and a bearing fixing seat B48, and an X-axis stepping motor A29 and an X-axis stepping motor B31 respectively drive an X-axis precise ball screw A47 and an X-axis precise ball screw B44 to synchronously move. The X-axis moving guide a46 and the X-axis moving guide B45 are fixed to the stationary base 30. The Y-axis rotating shaft 26 is installed on the bearing fixing seat A27 and the bearing fixing seat B48, the Y-axis rotating large gear 34 is installed on the Y-axis rotating shaft 26, the Y-axis rotating stepping motor 33 drives the Y-axis rotating small gear 49 to rotate, and the Y-axis rotating small gear 49 drives the Y-axis rotating large gear 34 to rotate, so that the Y-axis rotating shaft 26 is driven to rotate around the Y axis. The Z-axis rotary gear shaft 23 is mounted on the Y-axis rotary shaft 26, and the Z-axis rotary stepping motor 25 drives the Z-axis rotary pinion 24 to rotate, which in turn drives the Z-axis rotary gear shaft 23 to rotate around the Z-axis.
The forming cylinder 40 and the powder cylinder 18 are arranged on the Z-axis rotating gear shaft 23, the forming cylinder 40 is a variable-capacity forming cylinder formed by 16 forming cylinder lifting platforms 39 capable of independently lifting (different lifting platforms are connected with each other through a dovetail groove structure and realize relative up-and-down movement, as shown in FIG. 3), a forming cylinder lifting nut 36 is fixed at the bottom of the forming cylinder 40, and a forming cylinder lifting stepping motor 38 drives a forming cylinder lifting ball screw 37 to rotate, so that the forming cylinder lifting platforms 39 are driven to independently lift and descend; according to the use requirement, the forming cylinder lifting platforms 39 with different numbers and positions are driven to descend to form the forming cylinders with different capacities.
The powder cylinder 18 is a variable-capacity powder cylinder formed by 16 powder cylinder lifting platforms 19 which can be lifted independently, a powder cylinder lifting nut 22 is fixed at the bottom of the powder cylinder 18, and a powder cylinder lifting stepping motor 20 drives a powder cylinder lifting ball screw 21 to rotate, so that the powder cylinder lifting platforms 19 are driven to lift and descend independently; according to the use requirement, the forming cylinder lifting platforms 19 with different numbers and positions are driven to descend to form the powder cylinders with different capacities.
The workpiece 42 is molded on the molding base plate 41, and the molding base plate 41 is mounted on the molding cylinder lift table 39. The molded powder 17 is placed on the powder cylinder lift 19, and is spread uniformly in the molding cylinder 40 by the doctor blade 15, and the doctor blade 15 reciprocates along the doctor blade moving guide 16.
The rotary platform baffle 43 is fixed on the top end of the rotary platform 14 to prevent the molding powder 17 from overflowing out of the rotary platform 14 when the rotary platform 14 rotates. The SLM laser scanning device 7 and the ultrafast laser polishing device 11 are fixed together, and a Y-axis stepping motor B5 drives a Y-axis precision ball screw 6 to reciprocate along the Y axis.
The high-precision three-dimensional vision measuring device 8, the high-speed numerical control machining unit 9 and the radiation inspection system 10 are mounted on a Y-axis moving guide rail 12, and are driven by a Y-axis stepping motor a3 to reciprocate along the Y-axis moving guide rail 12.
The Y-axis moving guide rail 12 is mounted on a Z-axis precision ball screw A13 and a Z-axis precision ball screw B35 and is driven by a Z-axis stepping motor A28 and a Z-axis stepping motor B32 to move synchronously. All control elements are connected to a central intelligent control system 1 through signal lines 2.
The Inconel625 alloy is used as an example, and the invention comprises the following steps.
A. The number and position of the active forming cylinder lifts 39 are determined according to the size of the part to be processed, the powder cylinder 18 and the forming cylinder 40 are arranged identically (16 lifts for each of the forming cylinder 40 and the powder cylinder 18, as shown in fig. 3), and the forming powder 17 is added to the powder cylinder 18; placing the corresponding molding substrate 41 according to the shape of the molding cylinder 40;
B. sealing the whole matrix 4, vacuumizing and filling protective gas; preheating to 200 ℃;
C. adjusting all parts to initial positions, enabling the rotating platform 14 to be in a horizontal non-rotating position, enabling the forming cylinder to be located in a processing range of the SLM laser scanning device 7 (laser scanning device parameters are 200-500W of laser power, 0.02-0.15 mm of powder layer thickness, 100-1500 mm/s of laser scanning speed, 0.06-0.30 mm of spot diameter), enabling the high-speed numerical control processing unit 9 (processing parameters are 24000r/min of spindle rotation speed, 0.005mm of positioning precision and 0.003mm of repeated positioning precision), the high-precision three-dimensional vision measuring device 8 (measuring precision is 5 mu m of X-axis and Y-axis precision and 1 mu m of Z-axis precision) and the radiation flaw detection system 10 (measuring precision is 1 mu m of system resolution and 30mm of detection range) to be located at the rightmost end of the Y-axis moving guide rail 12;
D. the forming cylinder lifting platform 39 (positioning accuracy: 0.005 mm) started in the forming cylinder 37 descends by a layer of thickness, the powder cylinder lifting platform 19 started in the powder cylinder 18 ascends by a layer of thickness, and the scraper 15 spreads the forming powder 17 into the forming cylinder 40;
E. the laser scanning device 7 starts to work, and the current layer powder is melted and sintered;
F. after a layer of powder is melted and sintered, the high-precision three-dimensional vision measuring device 8 firstly carries out camera calibration and coordinate system registration, then measures the forming size of the current layer, and transmits the measurement result to the central intelligent control system 1 through the signal wire 2;
G. the central intelligent control system 1 compares the measurement result with the layered parameter size: if the measurement result is larger than the design size and exceeds the allowable error, performing step H; if the measurement result is smaller than the design size and exceeds the allowable error, performing step J; if the measurement result is within the allowable error range, jumping to the step K;
H. if the workpiece forming size is larger than the layered design size, the central intelligent control system 1 automatically generates a numerical control machining code according to the out-of-tolerance size;
I. the high-speed numerical control machining unit 9 is used for machining the workpiece; according to the automatically set processing code, the workpiece 42 is moved to the upper part of the workpiece 42, and the workpiece 42 is processed; the rotary platform 14 (the precision: X-axis positioning precision is 0.005mm, Y-axis indexing precision is 4 ', Z-axis indexing precision is 4') is adjusted to a corresponding position and angle according to the machining code so as to carry out five-axis numerical control machining on the workpiece 42; after the processing is finished, jumping to the step F;
J. the central control system 1 generates a compensation layered processing program according to the out-of-tolerance size, and then jumps to step D;
K. the radiation inspection system 10 performs non-contact inspection on the completed sintered layer and records the positions of the defects;
l, the radiation inspection system 10 transmits the defect position data to the central intelligent control system 1, the central control system 1 judges according to the set error value, and if the defect is in the allowable error range, the step D is skipped; if the defect condition exceeds the set error, continuing to step M;
m, automatically generating a numerical control machining program by the central intelligent control system 1 according to the defect condition;
n, cutting off the defect part by the high-speed numerical control machining unit 9;
o, automatically generating a compensation layered sintering program by the central intelligent control system 1 according to the cut part, and jumping to the step D;
p, if the workpiece is provided with an inner cavity structure, the generality is not lost, the number of processing layers can be set to be 20, namely after every 20 layers are processed, the central intelligent control system 1 automatically generates a numerical control processing program of the inner cavity wall of the 20 layers according to the measurement result of the high-precision three-dimensional vision measuring device 8 on the inner cavity wall, then controls the high-speed numerical control processing unit (9) to carry out finish machining on the inner cavity wall, and finally completes the processing of the high-precision inner cavity of the workpiece;
q, the central intelligent control system 1 generates an ultrafast laser polishing program according to the measurement result, and the ultrafast laser polishing device 11 (the processing parameters are that the laser wavelength is 1064nm, the output pulse width is 240fs, the single-pulse energy is 100 muJ, the repetition frequency is 20k Hz-100k Hz, and the scanning speed is 100mm/s-1000 mm/s) carries out ultrafast polishing on the inner cavity of the workpiece;
r, the high-precision three-dimensional vision measuring device 8 detects the precision of the polishing inner cavity, the central intelligent control system 1 judges according to the detection precision, and if the precision meets the requirement, the next step is carried out; if the precision does not meet the requirement, jumping to the step Q;
and S, repeating the steps D, E, F, G, H, I, J, K, L, M, N, O, P, Q and R until all the additive and subtractive manufacturing processes are finished.

Claims (9)

1. The material increase and decrease manufacturing device comprises a base body (4) and is characterized in that a three-degree-of-freedom rotating platform (14), a laser scanning device (7), an ultrafast laser polishing device (11) and a high-speed numerical control machining unit (9) are arranged in the base body (4), a scraper moving guide rail (16), a forming cylinder (40) and a powder cylinder (18) are installed on the rotating platform (14), a scraper (15) is installed on the scraper moving guide rail (16), the forming cylinder (40) comprises a forming cylinder lifting platform (39), a forming substrate (41) is arranged on the surface of the forming cylinder lifting platform (39), the forming cylinder lifting platform (39) is fixed on a forming cylinder lifting ball screw (37), a forming cylinder lifting nut (36) is fixed at the bottom of the forming cylinder (40), and a forming cylinder lifting motor (38) drives the forming cylinder lifting ball screw (37) to rotate, thereby driving the forming cylinder lifting platform (39) to ascend and descend; the powder cylinder (18) comprises a powder cylinder lifting platform (19), forming powder (17) is arranged on the powder cylinder lifting platform (19), a scraper (15) is located above the forming powder (17), the powder cylinder lifting platform (19) is fixed on a powder cylinder lifting ball screw (21), a powder cylinder lifting nut (22) is fixed at the bottom of the powder cylinder (18), and a powder cylinder lifting stepping motor (20) drives the powder cylinder lifting ball screw (21) to rotate so as to drive the powder cylinder lifting platform (19) to ascend and descend; the laser scanning device (7), the ultrafast laser polishing device (11) and the high-speed numerical control machining unit (9) are all installed above the three-degree-of-freedom rotating platform (14).
2. The material increasing and decreasing manufacturing device according to claim 1, wherein the rotating platform (14) is fixedly installed on a bearing fixing seat A (27) and a bearing fixing seat B (48), the bearing fixing seat A (27) is simultaneously provided with an X-axis moving guide rail A (46) and an X-axis precise ball screw A (47), the bearing fixing seat B (48) is simultaneously provided with an X-axis moving guide rail B (45) and an X-axis precise ball screw B (44), and the X-axis stepping motor A (29) and the X-axis stepping motor B (31) respectively drive the X-axis precise ball screw A (47) and the X-axis precise ball screw B (44) to synchronously drive the rotating platform (14) to move on the X-axis moving guide rail A (46) and the X-axis precise ball screw B (44); the Y-axis rotating shaft (26) is installed on the bearing fixing seat A (27) and the bearing fixing seat B (48), the Y-axis rotating large gear (34) is installed on the Y-axis rotating shaft (26), the Y-axis rotating stepping motor (33) drives the Y-axis rotating small gear (49) to rotate, the Y-axis rotating small gear (49) drives the Y-axis rotating large gear (34) to rotate, and then the Y-axis rotating shaft (26) is driven to rotate around the Y axis; the Z-axis rotating gear shaft (23) is installed on the Y-axis rotating shaft (26), and the Z-axis rotating stepping motor (25) drives the Z-axis rotating pinion (24) to rotate so as to drive the Z-axis rotating gear shaft (23) to rotate around the Z axis.
3. The additive/subtractive manufacturing apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the high-speed numerical control machining unit (9) is provided with a high-precision three-dimensional vision measuring device (8) and a radiation inspection system (10) at the same time.
4. The additive/subtractive manufacturing apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the number of the molding cylinder lifters (39) and the powder cylinder lifters (19) is plural, and every two adjacent molding cylinder lifters are connected to each other by a dovetail groove structure and can perform relative vertical movement, and every two adjacent powder cylinder lifters are connected to each other by a dovetail groove structure and can perform relative vertical movement.
5. A device for manufacturing additive or subtractive material according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4, characterized in that a rotary platform baffle (43) is fixed to the top end of the rotary platform (14) to prevent the moulding powder (17) from spilling out of the rotary platform (14) when the rotary platform (14) is rotated.
6. The additive/subtractive manufacturing apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the laser scanning device (7) and the ultrafast laser polishing device (11) are fixed to the Y-axis precision ball screw (6), and the Y-axis precision ball screw (6) is driven by a Y-axis stepping motor B (5) to reciprocate along the Y-axis.
7. The additive/subtractive manufacturing apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the high-precision three-dimensional vision measuring apparatus (8), the high-speed numerical control machining unit (9), and the radiation inspection system (10) are mounted on a Y-axis moving guide (12), and are driven by a Y-axis stepping motor a (3) to reciprocate along the Y-axis moving guide (12).
8. The additive and subtractive manufacturing apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the Y-axis moving guide (12) is mounted on a Z-axis precision ball screw a (13) and a Z-axis precision ball screw B (35) and is driven by a Z-axis stepping motor a (28) and a Z-axis stepping motor B (32) to move synchronously, respectively, a fixed base (30) is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the base (4), and the Z-axis stepping motor a (28), the Z-axis stepping motor B (32), the X-axis stepping motor a (29), the X-axis stepping motor B (31), and the Y-axis rotating stepping motor (33) are mounted on the fixed base (30).
9. An additive and subtractive composite manufacturing method using the additive and subtractive manufacturing apparatus according to claim 8, comprising the steps of:
s1: determining the number and the position of the enabled lifting platforms (39) of the forming cylinder according to the size of the processed part, wherein the powder cylinder (18) and the forming cylinder (40) adopt the same arrangement, and the forming powder (17) is added into the powder cylinder (18); placing a corresponding molding substrate (41) according to the use shape of the molding cylinder (40);
s2: sealing the whole matrix (4), vacuumizing and filling protective gas; heating to a suitable working temperature;
s3: adjusting all parts to initial positions, enabling the rotating platform (14) to be in a horizontal non-rotating position, enabling the forming cylinder to be located in a machining range of the SLM laser scanning device (7), and enabling the high-speed numerical control machining unit (9), the high-precision three-dimensional vision measuring device (8) and the radiation inspection system (10) to be located at the rightmost end of the Y-axis moving guide rail (12);
s4: a forming cylinder lifting platform (39) started in a forming cylinder (40) descends by a layer of thickness, a powder cylinder lifting platform (19) started in a powder cylinder (18) ascends by a layer of thickness, a scraper (15) spreads forming powder (17) into the forming cylinder (40), and a powder isolating device (50) isolates the forming powder, so that the powder is prevented from overflowing, and the powder spreading uniformity is ensured;
s5: the laser scanning device (7) starts to work, and the current layer powder is melted and sintered;
s6: after a layer of powder is melted and sintered, a high-precision three-dimensional vision measuring device (8) firstly calibrates a camera and registers a coordinate system, then measures the forming size of the current layer, and transmits the measurement result to a central intelligent control system (1) through a signal wire (2);
s7: the central intelligent control system (1) compares the measurement result with the layered parameter size: if the measurement result is larger than the design size and exceeds the allowable error, the step S8 is performed; if the measurement result is smaller than the design size and exceeds the allowable error, the step S10 is performed; if the measurement result is within the allowable error range, jumping to step S11;
s8: if the workpiece forming size is larger than the layered design size, the central control system (1) automatically generates a numerical control machining code according to the out-of-tolerance size;
s9: the high-speed numerical control machining unit (9) machines the workpiece; according to the automatically set processing code, the workpiece (42) is moved to the upper part of the workpiece (42) to be processed; the rotating platform (14) is adjusted to a corresponding position and an angle according to the machining code so as to carry out five-axis numerical control machining on the workpiece (42); after the processing is finished, jumping to step S6;
s10: the central intelligent control system (1) generates a compensation layered processing program according to the out-of-tolerance size, and then jumps to step S4;
s11: the radiation flaw detection system (10) carries out non-contact flaw detection on the finished sintering layer and records the positions of the flaws;
s12: the radiation flaw detection system (10) transmits the flaw position data to the central control system (1), the central control system (1) judges according to the set error value, and if the flaw is within the allowable error range, the step S4 is carried out; if the defect condition exceeds the set error, continue to step S13;
s13: the central intelligent control system (1) automatically generates a numerical control machining program according to the defect condition;
s14: the high-speed numerical control machining unit (9) cuts off the defect part;
s15: the central intelligent control system (1) automatically generates a compensation layered sintering program according to the cut part, and the step goes to step S4;
s16: if the workpiece is provided with an inner cavity structure, after a certain number of machining layers can be set according to requirements, the inner cavity wall is subjected to finish machining by adopting a high-speed numerical control machining unit (9);
s17: the central intelligent control system (1) generates an ultrafast laser polishing program according to the measurement result, and the ultrafast laser polishing device (11) performs ultrafast polishing on the inner cavity of the workpiece;
s18: the high-precision three-dimensional vision measuring device (8) is used for detecting the precision of the polishing inner cavity, the central intelligent control system (1) judges according to the detection precision, and if the precision meets the requirement, the next step is carried out; if the precision does not meet the requirement, jumping to step S17;
s19: and repeating the steps S4, S5, S6, S7, S8, S9, S10, S11, S12, S13, S14, S15, S16, S17 and S18 until all the additive and subtractive manufacturing processing is finished.
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