CN112170793A - Manufacturing method of metal composite long material and metal composite long material - Google Patents
Manufacturing method of metal composite long material and metal composite long material Download PDFInfo
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- CN112170793A CN112170793A CN201910592830.0A CN201910592830A CN112170793A CN 112170793 A CN112170793 A CN 112170793A CN 201910592830 A CN201910592830 A CN 201910592830A CN 112170793 A CN112170793 A CN 112170793A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D7/00—Casting ingots, e.g. from ferrous metals
- B22D7/02—Casting compound ingots of two or more different metals in the molten state, i.e. integrally cast
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D27/00—Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile ; Pressure or vacuum casting
- B22D27/15—Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile ; Pressure or vacuum casting by using vacuum
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for manufacturing a metal composite long material, which comprises the following steps: placing a core rod in an ingot mould; heating the core rod by a heater; smelting the composite metal by a vacuum smelting furnace to obtain molten metal; putting the heater together with the ingot mould into a vacuum smelting furnace; casting molten metal in an ingot mould and on the surface layer of a core rod in a vacuum smelting furnace to prepare a composite blank; cooling the composite blank along with the furnace or slowly cooling the composite blank by air; and (3) reheating the composite blank, carrying out heat preservation and soaking, and then rolling or extruding to obtain the metal composite long material. In addition, the invention also discloses a metal composite long material which is prepared by adopting the manufacturing method of the metal composite long material. The manufacturing method overcomes the defects of the prior art, can obtain the metal composite long material with good metallurgical interface combination, and has wide application range and good application prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a metal material and a metal material, and more particularly, to a method for manufacturing a metal composite material and a metal composite material.
Background
In the industries of energy chemical engineering, bridges, maritime work, buildings and the like, the use environment of the material is severe, the material is often contacted with corrosive media, even if the material is exposed in the atmospheric environment for a long time, the material can be corroded, and the service life and the engineering safety are finally influenced. In order to achieve the purpose of corrosion prevention, the common corrosion prevention measures of wire products are processes of zinc plating, chromium plating, nickel plating and the like, but the product quality is unstable, the corrosion prevention time is short, and most coating processes cause environmental pollution.
The composite long material is usually made by making two or more metal materials into a composite blank by different composite means and then making the composite long material into a composite long material product by cold and hot processing. In the prior art, the production process of the composite long material comprises brazing compounding, mechanical compounding, electroslag remelting compounding, rolling compounding and the like. The brazing compounding is to adopt alloy with melting point lower than that of the base material as brazing filler metal, the brazing filler metal is molten during heating, the brazing filler metal is filled and kept in a joint gap under the action of wetting and capillary action, the base material is in a solid state, and the cladding material and the base material are compounded by means of mutual diffusion between the liquid brazing filler metal and the solid base material. Mechanical compounding is to wrap a layer of other metal on the outer surface of a bar and attach the bar in a mechanical pressing mode, but the mechanical compounding has the defects that a joint surface is mechanical, the joint strength is low, and the mechanical compounding is suitable for being used in an environment with low requirements on interface joint. Electroslag remelting compounding is to remelt and compound an outer layer material and an inner layer material into a compound blank through electroslag remelting, and then carry out hot working to produce a compound rod wire product.
For example: chinese patent publication No. CN107933013A, published as 2018, 4 and 20, entitled "stainless steel/carbon steel vacuum composite steel bar and process for manufacturing the same" discloses a stainless steel/carbon steel vacuum composite steel bar and a method for manufacturing the same. In the technical scheme disclosed in the patent document, the composite steel bar is rolled by nesting pipe rods or vacuum-pumping welding of flitch plates on the periphery of a square billet.
Chinese patent publication No. CN106282674A, published as 2017, 1 month, 4 days, entitled "method for producing aluminum alloy composite pipes, bars, and wires", discloses a method for producing aluminum alloy composite pipes, bars, and wires. In the technical solution disclosed in this patent document, the core process is to produce a composite cast rod or tube blank by composite casting.
Chinese patent publication No. CN101219502, published as 2008, 7, 16, and entitled "new process for producing bimetal composite bar" discloses a new process for producing bimetal composite bar. In the technical scheme disclosed in the patent document, the production of the composite bar is completed by a method of assembling a clearance between a cladding metal pipe and a base metal bar, cold-drawing pre-bonding, and hot-rolling compounding.
Based on this, because the method for preparing the composite long material in the prior art has the problems of complex process, environmental pollution, high energy consumption and poor bonding effect, a manufacturing method is expected to be obtained, the defects of the prior art can be overcome, and the composite long material product with high metallurgical bonding quality is produced and obtained.
Disclosure of Invention
One of the objectives of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing a metal composite long material, in which a liquid-solid composite method is used to prepare a composite blank with a good metallurgical interface bonding, so as to improve the composite effect and finally obtain a metal composite long material with complete metallurgical bonding. The manufacturing method is simple and reliable, the interface bonding quality of the obtained metal composite long material is good, the method is very suitable for large-scale production, and the metal composite long materials with different properties can be produced according to actual requirements.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for manufacturing a metal composite long material, comprising the steps of:
placing a core rod in an ingot mould;
heating the core rod by a heater;
smelting the composite metal by a vacuum smelting furnace to obtain molten metal; putting the heater together with the ingot mould into a vacuum smelting furnace; casting molten metal in an ingot mould and on the surface layer of a core rod in a vacuum smelting furnace to prepare a composite blank;
cooling the composite blank along with the furnace or slowly cooling the composite blank by air;
and (3) reheating the composite blank, carrying out heat preservation and soaking, and then rolling or extruding to obtain the metal composite long material.
In the method for manufacturing the metal composite long material, the activity of atoms on the surface of the core rod is gradually increased in the heating process, the temperature of the core rod is continuously increased after the core rod is contacted with high-temperature molten metal, and the surface of the core rod is slightly melted, so that the core rod is fused with the liquid multi-layer molten metal. Meanwhile, under the high-temperature state, metal atoms between the core rod and the molten metal are diffused mutually, so that the interface combination is promoted, and the slow cooling of the cast composite blank is beneficial to the more sufficient atomic diffusion. And finally, the manufactured composite blank is heated at high temperature and then is subjected to hot working, so that the interface of the composite blank can be further promoted to be bonded again under the conditions of large plastic deformation and thermal diffusion, and the finally obtained composite blank has high metallurgical bonding quality of the composite interface.
It should be noted that, in the technical scheme of the present invention, the finally obtained metal composite long material may be a composite rod, a composite wire or a composite pipe.
Further, the shape of the ingot mold may conform to the shape of the core rod, and for example, a circular shape or a square shape may be employed.
Further, in the method for manufacturing a metal composite long material according to the present invention, molten metal is cast in an ingot mold and on an outer surface layer of a mandrel in a vacuum melting furnace to produce a composite billet, such that the mandrel is formed as a base layer of the composite billet and the molten metal is formed as a coating layer of the composite billet; or
The core rod is a hollow core rod, molten metal is cast in an ingot mould and on the inner surface layer of the core rod in a vacuum smelting furnace to manufacture a composite blank, the core rod is formed into a coating layer of the composite blank, and the molten metal is formed into a base layer of the composite blank.
Further, in the method for manufacturing the metal composite long material, the heating temperature for heating the core rod by the heater is 600-1200 ℃.
In the above scheme, the heater heats the mandrel, which may be beneficial to solid-liquid bonding, so as to improve the metallurgical bonding quality of the composite interface, and the heating temperature may be selected according to the specific situation of each embodiment based on the steel type and the surface condition of the mandrel, for example, when the mandrel is not subjected to surface pretreatment, the heating temperature may be appropriately increased to promote the fusion of the iron scale on the surface of the mandrel and the liquid metal.
Further, in the method for manufacturing the metal composite long material, the casting temperature is 1300-1800 ℃.
Further, in the method for manufacturing the metal composite long material, the composite blank is reheated to 1000-1280 ℃.
In the scheme, the composite blank is heated to 1000-1280 ℃ by reheating, so that recovery and recrystallization of a composite interface can be facilitated, secondary recombination of the interface is promoted by grain growth and element diffusion at high temperature, and finally the metal composite long material with good combination is produced.
Further, in the method for manufacturing a metal composite long material according to the present invention, the surface of the mandrel is pretreated and then placed in the ingot mold.
In the above scheme, the pretreatment includes mechanical polishing to ensure that the joint surface of the core rod is exposed to clean metal.
Further, in the method for manufacturing a metal composite long material according to the present invention, the bottom portion in the ingot mold is provided with a centering groove for fixing the core rod at the center of the ingot mold.
Further, in the method for manufacturing a metal composite long material according to the present invention, the heater includes an induction heater and/or an electric heater.
Accordingly, another object of the present invention is to provide a metal composite long material, which has a good metallurgical interface bonding effect.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention also provides a metal composite long material which is prepared by adopting the manufacturing method of the metal composite long material.
Further, in the metal composite long material of the present invention, it is a composite rod, a composite wire or a composite pipe.
Further, in the metal composite long material of the present invention, the material of the base layer and/or the clad layer is selected from: carbon steel, stainless steel, non-ferrous metals.
Compared with the prior art, the manufacturing method of the metal composite long material and the metal composite long material have the advantages and beneficial effects as follows:
the manufacturing method of the invention utilizes a liquid-solid composite mode to prepare the composite blank with good metallurgical interface bonding, improves the composite effect and finally obtains the metal composite long material with complete metallurgical bonding. The manufacturing method is simple and reliable, the interface bonding quality of the obtained metal composite long material is good, the method is very suitable for large-scale production, and the metal composite long materials with different properties can be produced according to actual requirements.
In addition, the manufacturing method is simple and reliable, metal composite long materials with different properties can be produced according to requirements, the thickness specification of the metal composite long materials can be adjusted according to actual requirements, and the range of materials of a core layer or a cladding layer of the metal composite long materials can be wide, and the materials comprise carbon steel, stainless steel, special alloys and nonferrous metals.
Drawings
Fig. 1 schematically illustrates a composite blank assembly structure of a metal composite long product according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 2 schematically illustrates the composite blank assembly structure of another embodiment of a metal composite long product according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The method for manufacturing a metal composite long material and the metal composite long material according to the present invention will be further explained and explained with reference to the specific examples and the drawings attached to the specification, however, the explanation and explanation should not be construed as an undue limitation on the technical solution of the present invention.
Fig. 1 schematically illustrates a composite blank assembly structure of a metal composite long product according to an embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, a core rod 1 is placed in an ingot mold 4, the core rod 1 is heated by a heater 3, then composite metal is smelted by a vacuum smelting furnace to obtain molten metal 2, the heater 3 is placed into the vacuum smelting furnace along with the ingot mold 4, the molten metal 2 is cast in the surface layer of the core rod 1 in the ingot mold 4 in the vacuum smelting furnace to prepare a composite blank, then the composite blank is cooled or slowly cooled by air along with the furnace, the composite blank is reheated, and is rolled or extruded after heat preservation and soaking to obtain a metal composite long material.
Referring to fig. 1, molten metal 2 is cast in an ingot mold 4 on the outer surface of a core rod 1 in a vacuum melting furnace to form a composite billet, so that the core rod 1 forms a base layer of the composite billet and the molten metal 2 forms a coating layer of the composite billet. In view of the fact that for better compounding, the surface of the core rod 1 may be pretreated before being placed in the ingot mould 4, the pretreatment may include ensuring that the interface between the core rod 1 and the molten metal 2 is exposed to clean metal by mechanical grinding.
In addition, in order to locate the core rod 1 at the center of the ingot mold 4 and thus ensure the uniform wall thickness of the composite billet after casting, the bottom inside the ingot mold 4 may be provided with a centering groove for fixing the core rod 1 at the center of the ingot mold 4.
While figure 2 shows another composite blank assembly configuration. Figure 2 schematically illustrates the composite blank assembly structure of another embodiment of a metal composite long product according to the present invention.
As shown in fig. 2, the composite billet in this embodiment is different from fig. 1 in that a mandrel bar 1 is a hollow mandrel bar, and molten metal 2 is cast in an ingot mold 4 in a vacuum melting furnace on an inner surface layer of the mandrel bar 1 to produce the composite billet, such that the mandrel bar 1 forms a clad layer of the composite billet, and the molten metal 2 forms a base layer of the composite billet. The prepared composite blank is cooled along with a furnace or slowly cooled in air; and (3) reheating the composite blank, carrying out heat preservation and soaking, and then rolling or extruding to obtain the metal composite long material.
In the above embodiment, the heater 3 may be an induction heater for inductively heating the mandrel bar 1, or may be an electric heater for heating the mandrel bar 1 by resistance wire heating to promote interface bonding between the mandrel bar 1 and the molten metal 2.
It is noted that in some embodiments, the heating temperature at which the core rod 1 may be heated by the heater may be 600-1200 ℃.
And the casting temperature can be controlled to be 1300-1800 ℃ according to different metals.
In order to facilitate recovery and recrystallization of the composite interface, secondary recombination of the interface is promoted by grain growth and element diffusion at high temperature, and finally the well-combined metal composite long material is produced, in some embodiments, the composite blank can be heated to 1000-1280 ℃.
It is to be noted that the shape of the ingot mould 4 may correspond to the shape of the core rod 1, for example the core rod 1 or the ingot mould 4 may be circular or square.
The manufacturing method of the metal composite long material has a wide application range, the obtained metal composite long material can be a composite rod, a composite wire or a composite pipe, and the material of the base layer and/or the coating layer can be selected from the following materials: carbon steel, stainless steel, non-ferrous metals.
For better explanation, the metal composite long material of examples 1 to 3 is exemplified:
the method for manufacturing the metal composite long material of example 1 is as follows:
1) placing a square B82MnQL core rod with the diameter of 112mm multiplied by 112mm in an ingot mold, polishing and pickling the surface of the core rod, removing impurities such as iron scale, oil stain and the like, and exposing clean metal of a joint surface;
2) the ingot mould is a square ingot of 140mm multiplied by 140mm, the bottom of the ingot mould is provided with a centering groove, and a core rod is fixed at the center of the ingot mould to ensure that the wall thickness of the cast composite blank is uniform;
3) the ingot mold is placed into a heater, the heater adopts an induction coil for heating, and is used for heating the core rod, the heating temperature is 950 ℃, the heating speed is 12 ℃/s, and the core rod heating is beneficial to the combination of a solid-liquid interface;
4) the molten metal is 316 stainless steel, and is smelted by a vacuum smelting furnace, wherein the tapping temperature is 1640 ℃;
5) after the temperature of the molten steel of the core rod and the stainless steel reaches the casting process requirement, finishing the steel casting operation in a vacuum furnace to prepare a composite blank of 140mm multiplied by 140mm, and cooling to room temperature along with the furnace;
6) heating the composite blank to 1210 ℃, keeping the temperature for 90min, soaking, and then rolling into a phi 5mm corrosion-resistant bridge stay cable steel wire by using a conventional wire rolling mill, wherein the thickness of the base carbon steel is 4mm, and the thickness of the coating stainless steel is 0.5 mm. The surface of the steel wire is compounded with 316 stainless steel, so that the subsequent galvanizing process can be avoided.
It is to be noted that the metal composite long material of example 1 is a composite wire.
The method for manufacturing the metal composite long material of example 2 is as follows:
1) placing a square 20MnSiV carbon steel core rod with the diameter of 144mm multiplied by 144mm in an ingot mold, polishing and pickling the surface of the core rod, removing impurities such as iron scale, oil stain and the like, and exposing clean metal of a joint surface;
2) the ingot mould is a square ingot of 180mm multiplied by 180mm, the bottom of the ingot mould is provided with a centering groove, and a core rod is fixed at the center of the ingot mould to ensure that the wall thickness of the cast composite blank is uniform;
3) the ingot mold is placed into a heater, the heater adopts an induction coil for heating, the heating temperature is 900 ℃, the heating speed is 10 ℃/s, and the core rod heating is beneficial to the combination of a solid-liquid interface;
4) the molten metal is 304L stainless steel, and is smelted by a vacuum smelting furnace, and the tapping temperature is 1620 ℃;
5) after the molten steel temperature of the carbon steel core and the stainless steel reaches the casting process requirement, finishing the steel casting operation in a vacuum furnace to prepare a composite blank of 180mm multiplied by 180mm, and cooling the composite blank to room temperature along with the furnace;
6) heating the composite blank to 1250 ℃, preserving heat for 60min, and then rolling the composite blank into the product by using a conventional wire rod rolling mill
The corrosion-resistant composite steel bar has the advantages that the thickness of stainless steel of a coating layer is 1.6mm, the yield strength of the steel bar is 430MPa, and the surface layer is compounded with the stainless steel, so that the corrosion resistance is good.
It is to be noted that the metal composite long material of example 2 is a composite rod material.
The method for manufacturing the metal composite long material of example 3 is as follows:
1) will be provided with
The nickel-based alloy N08825 round rod is placed in an ingot mould, the surface of a core rod is polished and pickled, impurities such as iron scale, oil stain and the like are removed, and a joint surface is exposed to be clean metal;
2) the ingot mold is
The bottom of the ingot mould is provided with a centering groove, and the core rod is fixed at the center of the ingot mould, so that the wall thickness of the cast composite blank is uniform;
3) the ingot mold is placed into a heater, the heater adopts an induction coil for heating, the heating temperature is 750 ℃, the heating speed is 5 ℃/s, and the core rod heating is beneficial to the combination of a solid-liquid interface;
4) the outer layer metal is X65 pipeline steel, smelting is carried out by adopting a vacuum smelting furnace, and the tapping temperature is 1600 ℃;
5) after the temperature of the core rod and the molten steel reaches the casting process requirement, the steel casting operation is finished in a vacuum furnace to manufacture the steel
The composite pipe blank is cooled to room temperature along with the furnace;
6) heating the composite pipe blank to 1200 ℃, preserving heat for 80min, and then sequentially performing perforation, pipe rolling and sizing to prepare the composite pipe blank
The high-corrosion-resistance composite seamless pipe has the advantages that the thickness of N08825 of the base layer is 1mm, and the thickness of X65 of the coating layer is 3 mm.
It is to be noted that the metal composite long material of example 3 is a composite pipe material.
In conclusion, the manufacturing method provided by the invention can be used for preparing the composite blank with good metallurgical interface bonding by using a liquid-solid composite mode, so that the composite effect is improved, and finally the metal composite long material with complete metallurgical bonding is obtained. The manufacturing method is simple and reliable, the interface bonding quality of the obtained metal composite long material is good, the method is very suitable for large-scale production, and the metal composite long materials with different properties can be produced according to actual requirements.
In addition, the manufacturing method is simple and reliable, metal composite long materials with different properties can be produced according to requirements, the thickness specification of the metal composite long materials can be adjusted according to actual requirements, and the range of materials of a core layer or a cladding layer of the metal composite long materials can be wide, and the materials comprise carbon steel, stainless steel, special alloys and nonferrous metals.
It should be noted that the prior art in the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the examples given in the present application, and all the prior art which is not inconsistent with the technical scheme of the present invention, including but not limited to the prior patent documents, the prior publications and the like, can be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
In addition, the combination of the features in the present application is not limited to the combination described in the claims of the present application or the combination described in the embodiments, and all the features described in the present application may be freely combined or combined in any manner unless contradictory to each other.
It should also be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are only specific examples of the present invention, and it is obvious that the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and many similar variations are possible. All modifications which would occur to one skilled in the art and which are, therefore, directly derived or suggested from the disclosure herein are deemed to be within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (11)
1. A method for manufacturing a metal composite long material is characterized by comprising the following steps:
placing a core rod in an ingot mould;
heating the core rod by a heater;
smelting the composite metal by a vacuum smelting furnace to obtain molten metal; putting the heater together with the ingot mould into a vacuum smelting furnace; casting molten metal in an ingot mould and on the surface layer of a core rod in a vacuum smelting furnace to prepare a composite blank;
cooling the composite blank along with the furnace or slowly cooling the composite blank by air;
and (3) reheating the composite blank, carrying out heat preservation and soaking, and then rolling or extruding to obtain the metal composite long material.
2. The method of manufacturing a metal composite long material according to claim 1, wherein:
casting molten metal in an ingot mould and on the outer surface layer of a core rod in a vacuum smelting furnace to prepare a composite blank, wherein the core rod is formed into a base layer of the composite blank, and the molten metal is formed into a coating layer of the composite blank; or
The core rod is a hollow core rod, molten metal is cast in an ingot mould and on the inner surface layer of the core rod in a vacuum smelting furnace to manufacture a composite blank, so that the core rod is formed into a coating layer of the composite blank, and the molten metal is formed into a base layer of the composite blank.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the heating temperature of the mandrel using the heater is 600-1200 ℃.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the casting temperature is 1300-1800 ℃.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the reheating heats the composite blank to 1000-1280 ℃.
6. The method of manufacturing a metal composite long material according to claim 1, wherein the surface of the mandrel is pretreated and then placed in an ingot mold.
7. A method of manufacturing a metal composite long material according to claim 1, wherein a centering groove is provided in a bottom portion of the ingot mold for fixing the core rod at a center of the ingot mold.
8. A method of manufacturing a metal composite length as claimed in claim 1, wherein the heater comprises an induction heater and/or an electric heater.
9. A metal composite long material produced by the method for producing a metal composite long material according to claims 1 to 8.
10. A metal composite length according to claim 9, being a composite rod, a composite wire or a composite pipe.
11. A metal composite length according to claim 9, wherein the material of the base and/or cladding layer is selected from the group consisting of: carbon steel, stainless steel, non-ferrous metals.
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2019
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| GB888404A (en) * | 1959-06-23 | 1962-01-31 | United Steel Companies Ltd | Improvements relating to the production of clad ferrous metals |
| CN1076393A (en) * | 1992-12-22 | 1993-09-22 | 济南钢铁总厂 | A kind of manufacture method of steel-cored cast-iron compound roll |
| CN105312513A (en) * | 2015-11-26 | 2016-02-10 | 辽宁科技大学 | Method for mould core integrated composite casting of large-scale alloy steel ingots |
| CN106041029A (en) * | 2016-06-08 | 2016-10-26 | 辽宁科技大学 | Preparation method for stainless steel composite steel billet and device of preparation method |
| CN106862534A (en) * | 2017-02-17 | 2017-06-20 | 丹阳恒庆复合材料科技有限公司 | One kind manufacture metallurgical binding ply-metal Processes and apparatus |
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Application publication date: 20210105 |