CN112167265A - Antibacterial material, antibacterial agent, antibacterial ceramic tableware and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Antibacterial material, antibacterial agent, antibacterial ceramic tableware and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112167265A CN112167265A CN202011066089.3A CN202011066089A CN112167265A CN 112167265 A CN112167265 A CN 112167265A CN 202011066089 A CN202011066089 A CN 202011066089A CN 112167265 A CN112167265 A CN 112167265A
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- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 142
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 85
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 239000003242 anti bacterial agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 150000003751 zinc Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- GGCZERPQGJTIQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium;9,10-dioxoanthracene-2-sulfonic acid Chemical compound [Na+].C1=CC=C2C(=O)C3=CC(S(=O)(=O)O)=CC=C3C(=O)C2=C1 GGCZERPQGJTIQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 68
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 43
- SQGYOTSLMSWVJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver(1+) nitrate Chemical group [Ag+].[O-]N(=O)=O SQGYOTSLMSWVJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 34
- ZOIORXHNWRGPMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;zinc Chemical group [Zn].CC(O)=O.CC(O)=O ZOIORXHNWRGPMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000004246 zinc acetate Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910001961 silver nitrate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 14
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 13
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc sulfate Chemical group [Zn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 229960001763 zinc sulfate Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000368 zinc sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010459 dolomite Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000514 dolomite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010433 feldspar Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000003158 alcohol group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- BQCIDUSAKPWEOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-Difluoroethene Chemical compound FC(F)=C BQCIDUSAKPWEOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- FPAFDBFIGPHWGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxomagnesium;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Mg]=O.[Mg]=O.[Mg]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O FPAFDBFIGPHWGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001709 polysilazane Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 15
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 13
- 235000003166 Opuntia robusta Nutrition 0.000 description 11
- 244000218514 Opuntia robusta Species 0.000 description 11
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000001132 ultrasonic dispersion Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 210000001595 mastoid Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 3
- 239000002073 nanorod Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000588724 Escherichia coli Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003115 biocidal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002114 nanocomposite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000012222 talc Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Zn+2] JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- ONDPHDOFVYQSGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc nitrate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O ONDPHDOFVYQSGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000282414 Homo sapiens Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000191967 Staphylococcus aureus Species 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001476 alcoholic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001857 anti-mycotic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000003670 easy-to-clean Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 241000712461 unidentified influenza virus Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011592 zinc chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000005074 zinc chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
- A01N59/16—Heavy metals; Compounds thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
- A01N25/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests containing solids as carriers or diluents
- A01N25/10—Macromolecular compounds
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47G—HOUSEHOLD OR TABLE EQUIPMENT
- A47G19/00—Table service
- A47G19/02—Plates, dishes or the like
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47G—HOUSEHOLD OR TABLE EQUIPMENT
- A47G21/00—Table-ware
- A47G21/02—Forks; Forks with ejectors; Combined forks and spoons; Salad servers
- A47G21/023—Forks; Forks with ejectors
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47G—HOUSEHOLD OR TABLE EQUIPMENT
- A47G21/00—Table-ware
- A47G21/04—Spoons; Pastry servers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47G—HOUSEHOLD OR TABLE EQUIPMENT
- A47G21/00—Table-ware
- A47G21/06—Combined or separable sets of table-service utensils; Oyster knives with openers; Fish servers with means for removing bones
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47G—HOUSEHOLD OR TABLE EQUIPMENT
- A47G21/00—Table-ware
- A47G21/10—Sugar tongs; Asparagus tongs; Other food tongs
- A47G21/103—Chop-sticks
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C1/00—Ingredients generally applicable to manufacture of glasses, glazes, or vitreous enamels
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C8/00—Enamels; Glazes; Fusion seal compositions being frit compositions having non-frit additions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
- C04B41/50—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with inorganic materials
- C04B41/5022—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with inorganic materials with vitreous materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/80—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone of only ceramics
- C04B41/81—Coating or impregnation
- C04B41/85—Coating or impregnation with inorganic materials
- C04B41/86—Glazes; Cold glazes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47G—HOUSEHOLD OR TABLE EQUIPMENT
- A47G2400/00—Details not otherwise provided for in A47G19/00-A47G23/16
- A47G2400/02—Hygiene
- A47G2400/022—Antibacterial materials or layers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C2204/00—Glasses, glazes or enamels with special properties
- C03C2204/02—Antibacterial glass, glaze or enamel
Abstract
The invention discloses an antibacterial material, an antibacterial agent, antibacterial ceramic tableware and a preparation method thereof. Mixing 5-10% of zinc salt, 0.05-0.1% of silver salt and 1-3% of polyvinylpyrrolidone in a solvent, and adjusting the pH value of the mixed solution to 9-11; annealing the mixed solution at 400-700 ℃ for 1-4 hours to obtain an antibacterial material; ultrasonically dispersing an antibacterial material in a solvent; mixing the antibacterial agent with a hydrophobic modifier with the content of 4-17 wt%, filtering, and drying to obtain the antibacterial agent; mixing an antibacterial agent with glaze to obtain glaze slurry, and uniformly spraying the glaze slurry on the surface of the ceramic tableware blank to form a glaze layer; and sintering the ceramic tableware blank to obtain the antibacterial ceramic tableware. The antibacterial material and the antibacterial agent can be coated on the surface of the tableware to form a hydrophobic layer, and the antibacterial efficiency of the antibacterial ceramic tableware is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an antibacterial material, an antibacterial agent, antibacterial ceramic tableware and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Along with the progress and development of society, the requirements of human beings on health and hygiene are higher and higher, the demand of antibacterial agents is also higher and higher, and especially in recent years, the requirements are influenced by the epidemic situation of various influenza viruses, and the application of the antibacterial agents in daily life products is also wider and wider. Tableware is a necessity of daily life, and even if the tableware is washed after use, the tableware is difficult to be attached and bred with microorganisms such as escherichia coli and staphylococcus aureus, and a series of diseases are caused. The antibacterial agent is coated on the surface of the tableware by a certain method, so that the tableware with antibacterial performance is obtained. However, the currently common antibacterial agents in the market do not have a hydrophobic function, and tableware does not have a hydrophobic coating layer, so that certain adhesiveness exists after the tableware is contacted with food, the tableware is not beneficial to cleaning, and the breeding and the attachment of microorganisms such as bacteria can be further caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects that the conventional antibacterial ceramic tableware has no hydrophobic function and has poor antibacterial effect, and provides an antibacterial material, an antibacterial agent, the antibacterial ceramic tableware and a preparation method thereof.
The invention solves the technical problems through the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a preparation method of an antibacterial material, which comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing 5-10% of zinc salt, 0.05-0.1% of silver salt and 1-3% of polyvinylpyrrolidone in a solvent to obtain a mixed solution, and adjusting the pH value of the mixed solution to 9-11, wherein the zinc salt and the silver salt are soluble salts; the percentage is the mass percentage of each component in the mixed solution;
(2) annealing the mixed solution at 400-700 ℃ for 1-4 hours to obtain the antibacterial material; wherein the solvent is an alcohol solvent; the antibacterial material is an Ag/ZnO nano composite antibacterial material.
In the present invention, the zinc salt is a soluble zinc salt conventional in the art, such as zinc nitrate, zinc chloride, zinc sulfate, zinc acetate, and zinc acetate.
Preferably, the zinc salt is zinc acetate or zinc sulfate.
In the present invention, the silver salt is a soluble silver salt conventional in the art, preferably silver nitrate.
Preferably, the zinc acetate is present in an amount of 5.6%, 7.6%, 7.7%, 8.2% or 9.2%.
Preferably, the content of the zinc sulfate is 8.2%.
Preferably, the content of silver nitrate is 0.05%, 0.07%, 0.08% or 0.1%.
Preferably, the polyvinylpyrrolidone is present in an amount of 1.5%, 1.9%, 2.1%, 2.13% or 2.4%.
In step (1) of the preparation method of the antibacterial material of the present invention, the polyvinylpyrrolidone is conventional in the art, and the molecular weight thereof is preferably 30000 to 60000, for example 36000. The polyvinylpyrrolidone serves as the dispersant and the forming agent of the present invention.
In step (1) of the method for preparing the antibacterial material of the present invention, the solvent is conventional in the art and is capable of reducing the silver, and is preferably one or more of ethanol, ethylene glycol and glycerol, and more preferably ethanol.
Preferably, the ethanol is present in an amount of 88.85%, 89.6%, 89.93%, 90.7% or 92.22%.
In step (1) of the preparation method of the antibacterial material of the present invention, the mixing is conventional in the art, and a stirring manner may be adopted, preferably stirring and mixing at room temperature; the mixing time is preferably 2 to 6 hours, such as 2 hours, 4 hours or 5 hours. After mixing, the mixed solution is generally a stable and transparent homogeneous mixed solution.
In the step (1) of the preparation method of the antibacterial material of the present invention, the pH is adjusted as conventional in the art, and preferably, ammonia water is added dropwise to the mixed solution during stirring to adjust the pH to 9 to 11, for example, 9, 10 or 11.
In step (2) of the method for preparing the antibacterial material according to the present invention, the annealing is conventional in the art, and means that the metal is heated to a certain temperature, maintained for a sufficient time, and then cooled at a suitable rate. The obtained antibacterial material after annealing is an Ag/ZnO nano composite antibacterial material, and has micron-sized mastoid and high-guidance-performance nanorod grading structure.
In the present invention, the annealing equipment may be annealing equipment conventional in the art; preferably a furnace.
Preferably, the annealing temperature is 500 ℃, 600 ℃, 650 ℃ or 700 ℃.
Preferably, the annealing time is 1 hour, 2 hours, 3 hours or 4 hours.
In the present invention, the contents of the zinc acetate, the silver nitrate and the polyvinylpyrrolidone are, as not particularly specified, mass percentage concentrations, that is, the mass ratio of the zinc acetate, the silver nitrate and the polyvinylpyrrolidone to the mass of the mixed solution.
The invention also provides an antibacterial material which is prepared according to the preparation method of the antibacterial material
The invention provides a preparation method of an antibacterial agent, which comprises the following steps:
(1) ultrasonically dispersing the antibacterial material in a solvent;
(2) mixing the ultrasonically dispersed antibacterial material with a hydrophobic modifier with the content of 4-17 wt%, filtering, and drying to obtain the antibacterial agent; the percentage is the mass percentage of the hydrophobic modifier in the antibacterial material.
Preferably, the content of the hydrophobic modifier is 6 wt%, 8 wt%, 12 wt% or 13 wt%.
In step (1) of the method for preparing the antibacterial agent of the present invention, the solvent is conventional in the art, and preferably an alcoholic solvent, such as one or more of ethanol, ethylene glycol and glycerol, and more preferably ethanol.
In step (1) of the method for preparing an antibacterial agent of the present invention, the ultrasonic dispersion is conventional in the art, and is used to uniformly distribute the antibacterial material in the ethanol solvent.
In the step (2) of the method for preparing the antibacterial agent of the present invention, the hydrophobic modifier is conventional in the art and may be one or more of vinylidene fluoride, polysilazane and stearic acid, preferably stearic acid.
In step (2) of the method for producing an antibacterial agent of the present invention, the content of the hydrophobic modifier is, as not particularly specified, a mass percentage concentration, that is, a ratio of the mass of the hydrophobic modifier to the mass of the antibacterial agent.
In the step (2) of the preparation method of the antibacterial agent, the mixing is conventional in the field, a stirring mode can be adopted, and the stirring rotating speed is preferably 500-800 r.min-1For example 500 r.min-1、700r·min-1Or 800 r.min-1(ii) a The stirring time is preferably 30 to 120 minutes, such as 60 minutes, 90 minutes or 120 minutes.
The invention also provides an antibacterial agent which is prepared according to the preparation method of the antibacterial agent.
The invention provides a preparation method of antibacterial ceramic tableware, which comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing the antibacterial agent and glaze according to the mass ratio of 2: 98, obtaining glaze slip, and then uniformly spraying the glaze slip on the surface of the ceramic tableware blank to form a glaze layer;
(2) and sintering the ceramic tableware blank to obtain the antibacterial ceramic tableware.
In the present invention, the glaze is a glaze conventional in the art, and preferably, a mixture of 40% feldspar, 15% kaolin, 20% quartz, 10% dolomite, 10% zirconia, 4% talc and 1% dispersant, and water in a ratio of 1: grinding according to the mass ratio of 0.5 to obtain a glaze material; wherein the percentage is the mass percentage of each component in the glaze.
In the invention, feldspar, kaolin, quartz, dolomite, zirconia, talcum powder and a dispersing agent used for the glaze are conventional raw materials used in the field of glaze preparation.
In the present invention, the tableware is conventional in the art, such as bowls, chopsticks, dinner plates, spoons or forks.
In the step (2) of the preparation method of the antibacterial ceramic tableware, the sintering is conventional in the art, and the sintering temperature is preferably 800-1300 ℃, for example 1100 ℃, 1200 ℃ or 1300 ℃; the sintering time is preferably 1 to 24 hours, for example 6 hours, 8 hours or 10 hours.
The invention also provides antibacterial ceramic tableware, which is prepared according to the preparation method of the antibacterial ceramic tableware.
On the basis of the common knowledge in the field, the above preferred conditions can be combined randomly to obtain the preferred embodiments of the invention.
The reagents and starting materials used in the present invention are commercially available.
The positive progress effects of the invention are as follows:
1. the antibacterial material and the antibacterial agent have micron-sized mastoid and high-guidance-performance nanorod grading structures, and can be coated on the surface of tableware to form a hydrophobic layer, so that the tableware is easy to clean.
2. The antibacterial material and the antibacterial agent have micron-sized mastoid and high-guidance-performance nanorod grading structures, have large specific surface area compared with a plane coating, increase the contact area with microorganisms such as bacteria and the like, and are beneficial to improving the antibacterial efficiency.
3. The antibacterial material, the antibacterial agent and the antibacterial ceramic tableware are added with silver and zinc metal ions for synergistic antibacterial, so that the antibacterial efficiency is obviously improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an SEM photograph of the surface of the antibacterial ceramic bowl prepared in example 1.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples, which are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The experimental methods without specifying specific conditions in the following examples were selected according to the conventional methods and conditions, or according to the commercial instructions.
In the following examples, glaze means a mixture of 40% feldspar, 15% kaolin, 20% quartz, 10% dolomite, 10% zirconia, 4% talc and 1% dispersant and water at a ratio of 1: grinding at a mass ratio of 0.5 to obtain the white bright glaze.
In the following effect examples, conventional ceramic bowls and conventional antibacterial bowls were purchased from the Xinjinlong ceramic manufacturer, feng xi district, Chaozhou city.
Example 1
Preparing an antibacterial material:
(1) weighing 5.6% of zinc acetate, 0.08% of silver nitrate, 2.1% of polyvinylpyrrolidone (molecular weight of 36000) and 92.22% of ethanol according to the mass ratio, stirring and mixing for 4 hours at room temperature, and dropwise adding ammonia water into the mixed solution during stirring to adjust the pH to 10.
(2) And annealing the mixed solution in a heating furnace at 600 ℃ for 3 hours to obtain the antibacterial material.
Preparation of the antibacterial agent:
(1) ultrasonically dispersing the prepared antibacterial material in ethanol;
(2) mixing the antibacterial material after ultrasonic dispersion with stearic acid with the content of 6 wt% at 700 r.min-1Stirring for 60 minutes at the rotating speed, filtering and drying to obtain the antibacterial agent.
Preparing an antibacterial ceramic bowl:
(1) mixing the antibacterial agent and the glaze according to the mass ratio of 2: 98, obtaining glaze slip, and then uniformly spraying the glaze slip on the surface of the ceramic bowl blank to form a glaze layer;
(2) sintering at 1100 deg.c for 6 hr to obtain the antibiotic ceramic bowl.
An SEM photograph of the surface of the antibacterial ceramic bowl prepared in this example is shown in fig. 1.
Example 2
Preparing an antibacterial material:
(1) weighing 8.2% of zinc acetate, 0.07% of silver nitrate, 2.13% of polyvinylpyrrolidone (molecular weight of 36000) and 89.6% of ethanol according to the mass ratio, stirring and mixing for 2 hours at room temperature, and dropwise adding ammonia water into the mixed solution during stirring to adjust the pH to 9.
(2) And annealing the mixed solution in a heating furnace at 500 ℃ for 2 hours to obtain the antibacterial material.
Preparation of the antibacterial agent:
(1) ultrasonically dispersing the prepared antibacterial material in ethanol;
(2) mixing the antibacterial material after ultrasonic dispersion with 8 wt% of stearic acid at the speed of 800 r.min-1Stirring for 120 minutes at the rotating speed, filtering and drying to obtain the antibacterial agent.
Preparing an antibacterial ceramic dinner plate:
(1) mixing the antibacterial agent and the glaze according to the mass ratio of 2: 98, obtaining glaze slip, and then uniformly spraying the glaze slip on the surface of the ceramic bowl blank to form a glaze layer;
(2) sintering at 1200 ℃ for 8 hours to obtain the antibacterial ceramic dinner plate.
Example 3
Preparing an antibacterial material:
(1) weighing 7.7% of zinc acetate, 0.1% of silver nitrate, 1.5% of polyvinylpyrrolidone (molecular weight of 36000) and 90.7% of ethanol according to the mass ratio, stirring and mixing for 5 hours at room temperature, and dropwise adding ammonia water into the mixed solution during stirring to adjust the pH to 10.
(2) And annealing the mixed solution in a heating furnace at 700 ℃ for 1 hour to obtain the antibacterial material.
Preparation of the antibacterial agent:
(1) ultrasonically dispersing the prepared antibacterial material in ethanol;
(2) mixing the antibacterial material after ultrasonic dispersion with stearic acid with the content of 12 wt% at 500 r.min-1Stirring for 90 minutes at the rotating speed, filtering and drying to obtain the antibacterial agent.
Preparing an antibacterial ceramic spoon:
(1) mixing the antibacterial agent and the glaze according to the mass ratio of 2: 98, obtaining glaze slip, and then uniformly spraying the glaze slip on the surface of the ceramic bowl blank to form a glaze layer;
(2) sintering at 1300 deg.C for 8 hr to obtain antibacterial ceramic spoon.
Example 4
Preparing an antibacterial material:
(1) weighing 9.2% of zinc acetate, 0.05% of silver nitrate, 1.9% of polyvinylpyrrolidone (molecular weight of 36000) and 88.85% of ethanol according to the mass ratio, stirring and mixing for 4 hours at room temperature, and dropwise adding ammonia water into the mixed solution during stirring to adjust the pH to 9.
(2) And annealing the mixed solution in a heating furnace at 650 ℃ for 4 hours to obtain the antibacterial material.
Preparation of the antibacterial agent:
(1) ultrasonically dispersing the prepared antibacterial material in ethanol;
(2) mixing the antibacterial material after ultrasonic dispersion with 8 wt% of stearic acid at the speed of 800 r.min-1Stirring for 60 minutes at the rotating speed, filtering and drying to obtain the antibacterial agent.
Preparing the antibacterial ceramic knife and fork:
(1) mixing the antibacterial agent and the glaze according to the mass ratio of 2: 98, obtaining glaze slip, and then uniformly spraying the glaze slip on the surface of the ceramic bowl blank to form a glaze layer;
(2) sintering at 1100 deg.C for 6 hr to obtain the antibacterial ceramic knife and fork.
Example 5
Preparing an antibacterial material:
(1) weighing 7.6% of zinc acetate, 0.07% of silver nitrate, 2.4% of polyvinylpyrrolidone (molecular weight of 36000) and 89.93% of ethanol according to the mass ratio, stirring and mixing for 4 hours at room temperature, and dropwise adding ammonia water into the mixed solution during stirring to adjust the pH to 11.
(2) And annealing the mixed solution in a heating furnace at 600 ℃ for 4 hours to obtain the antibacterial material.
Preparation of the antibacterial agent:
(1) ultrasonically dispersing the prepared antibacterial material in ethanol;
(2) the antibacterial material after ultrasonic dispersion and the content of the antibacterial material are 13% by weight of stearic acid at 800 r.min-1Stirring for 60 minutes at the rotating speed, filtering and drying to obtain the antibacterial agent.
Preparing the antibacterial ceramic chopsticks:
(1) mixing the antibacterial agent and the glaze according to the mass ratio of 2: 98, obtaining glaze slip, and then uniformly spraying the glaze slip on the surface of the ceramic bowl blank to form a glaze layer;
(2) sintering at 1300 deg.C for 10 hr to obtain the antibacterial ceramic chopsticks.
Example 6
Preparing an antibacterial material:
(1) weighing 8.2% of zinc sulfate, 0.07% of silver nitrate, 2.13% of polyvinylpyrrolidone (molecular weight of 36000) and 89.6% of ethanol according to the mass ratio, stirring and mixing for 2 hours at room temperature, and dropwise adding ammonia water into the mixed solution during stirring to adjust the pH to 9.
(2) And annealing the mixed solution in a heating furnace at 500 ℃ for 2 hours to obtain the antibacterial material.
Preparation of the antibacterial agent:
(1) ultrasonically dispersing the prepared antibacterial material in ethanol;
(2) mixing the antibacterial material after ultrasonic dispersion with 8 wt% of stearic acid at the speed of 800 r.min-1Stirring for 120 minutes at the rotating speed, filtering and drying to obtain the antibacterial agent.
Preparing an antibacterial ceramic dinner plate:
(1) mixing the antibacterial agent and the glaze according to the mass ratio of 2: 98, obtaining glaze slip, and then uniformly spraying the glaze slip on the surface of the ceramic bowl blank to form a glaze layer;
(2) sintering at 1200 ℃ for 8 hours to obtain the antibacterial ceramic dinner plate.
Comparative example 1
Preparing an antibacterial material:
(1) weighing 5.6% of zinc acetate, 2.1% of polyvinylpyrrolidone (molecular weight of 36000) and 92.3% of ethanol according to the mass ratio, stirring and mixing for 4 hours at room temperature, and dropwise adding ammonia water into the mixed solution during stirring to adjust the pH to 10.
(2) And annealing the mixed solution in a heating furnace at 600 ℃ for 3 hours to obtain the antibacterial material.
Preparation of the antibacterial agent:
(1) ultrasonically dispersing the prepared antibacterial material in ethanol;
(2) mixing the antibacterial material after ultrasonic dispersion with stearic acid with the content of 6 wt% at 700 r.min-1Stirring for 60 minutes at the rotating speed, filtering and drying to obtain the antibacterial agent.
Preparing an antibacterial ceramic bowl:
(1) mixing the antibacterial agent and the glaze according to the mass ratio of 2: 98, obtaining glaze slip, and then uniformly spraying the glaze slip on the surface of the ceramic bowl blank to form a glaze layer;
(2) sintering at 1100 deg.c for 6 hr to obtain the antibiotic ceramic bowl.
Comparative example 2
Preparing an antibacterial material:
(1) weighing 5.6% of zinc acetate, 0.08% of silver nitrate, 2.1% of polyvinylpyrrolidone (molecular weight of 36000) and 92.22% of ethanol according to the mass ratio, stirring and mixing for 4 hours at room temperature, and dropwise adding ammonia water into the mixed solution during stirring to adjust the pH to 10.
(2) And annealing the mixed solution in a heating furnace at 600 ℃ for 3 hours to obtain the antibacterial material.
Preparing the antibacterial ceramic chopsticks:
(1) mixing the antibacterial material and the glaze according to the mass ratio of 2: 98, obtaining glaze slip, and then uniformly spraying the glaze slip on the surface of the ceramic bowl blank to form a glaze layer;
(2) sintering at 1100 deg.C for 6 hr to obtain the antibacterial ceramic chopsticks.
Comparative example 3
Preparing an antibacterial material:
(1) weighing 3% of zinc acetate, 0.07% of silver nitrate, 2.13% of polyvinylpyrrolidone (molecular weight of 36000) and 94.8% of ethanol according to the mass ratio, stirring and mixing for 2 hours at room temperature, and dropwise adding ammonia water into the mixed solution during stirring to adjust the pH to 9.
(2) And annealing the mixed solution in a heating furnace at 500 ℃ for 2 hours to obtain the antibacterial material.
Preparation of the antibacterial agent:
(1) ultrasonically dispersing the prepared antibacterial material in ethanol;
(2) mixing the antibacterial material after ultrasonic dispersion with 8 wt% of stearic acid at the speed of 800 r.min-1Stirring for 120 minutes at the rotating speed, filtering and drying to obtain the antibacterial agent.
Preparing an antibacterial ceramic dinner plate:
(1) mixing the antibacterial agent and the glaze according to the mass ratio of 2: 98, obtaining glaze slip, and then uniformly spraying the glaze slip on the surface of the ceramic bowl blank to form a glaze layer;
(2) sintering at 1200 ℃ for 8 hours to obtain the antibacterial ceramic dinner plate.
Comparative example 4
Preparing an antibacterial material:
(1) weighing 8.2% of zinc acetate, 0.07% of silver nitrate, 2.13% of polyvinylpyrrolidone (molecular weight of 36000) and 89.6% of ethanol according to the mass ratio, stirring and mixing for 2 hours at room temperature, and dropwise adding ammonia water into the mixed solution during stirring to adjust the pH to 9.
(2) And annealing the mixed solution in a heating furnace at 500 ℃ for 2 hours to obtain the antibacterial material.
Preparation of the antibacterial agent:
(1) ultrasonically dispersing the prepared antibacterial material in ethanol;
(2) mixing the antibacterial material after ultrasonic dispersion with stearic acid with the content of 3 wt% at the speed of 800 r.min-1Stirring for 120 minutes at the rotating speed, filtering and drying to obtain the antibacterial agent.
Preparing an antibacterial ceramic dinner plate:
(1) mixing the antibacterial agent and the glaze according to the mass ratio of 2: 98, obtaining glaze slip, and then uniformly spraying the glaze slip on the surface of the ceramic bowl blank to form a glaze layer;
(2) sintering at 1200 ℃ for 8 hours to obtain the antibacterial ceramic dinner plate.
Comparative example 5
Preparing an antibacterial material:
(1) weighing 8.2% of zinc acetate, 0.07% of silver nitrate, 2.13% of polyvinylpyrrolidone (molecular weight of 36000) and 89.6% of ethanol according to the mass ratio, stirring and mixing for 2 hours at room temperature, and dropwise adding ammonia water into the mixed solution during stirring to adjust the pH to 9.
(2) And annealing the mixed solution in a heating furnace at 500 ℃ for 2 hours to obtain the antibacterial material.
Preparation of the antibacterial agent:
(1) ultrasonically dispersing the prepared antibacterial material in ethanol;
(2) mixing the antibacterial material after ultrasonic dispersion with 18 wt% of stearic acid at the speed of 800 r.min-1Stirring for 120 minutes at the rotating speed, filtering and drying to obtain the antibacterial agent.
Preparing an antibacterial ceramic dinner plate:
(1) mixing the antibacterial agent and the glaze according to the mass ratio of 2: 98, obtaining glaze slip, and then uniformly spraying the glaze slip on the surface of the ceramic bowl blank to form a glaze layer;
(2) sintering at 1200 ℃ for 8 hours to obtain the antibacterial ceramic dinner plate.
Effect example 1
1. Detection of antibacterial Properties
The tableware of examples and comparative examples and a conventional ceramic bowl purchased in the market were placed in the air, and after 18 hours, the number of Escherichia coli on the surface of the tableware was measured, and the results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1
2. Anti-mildew performance test the tableware of the examples and comparative examples, and the ordinary ceramic bowl and the ordinary antibacterial bowl purchased in the market were respectively placed in a dark and humid environment (humidity 70% and temperature 40 ℃) and cultured for 30 days, and then the mildew condition of the tableware was observed, and the percentage of the surface mildew area to the whole area was counted, and the results are shown in table 2.
TABLE 2
3. Detection of hydrophobic Properties
The tableware of the examples was subjected to contact angle and sliding angle measurements with a conventional ceramic bowl and a conventional antibacterial bowl which were commercially available, and the results are shown in Table 3.
TABLE 3
| Experimental Material | Contact angle (°) | Sliding angle (°) |
| Common ceramic bowl | 50±3 | 40±3 |
| Common antibacterial bowl | 45±3 | 40±3 |
| Example 1 | 150±3 | 8±3 |
| Example 2 | 151±3 | 7±3 |
| Example 3 | 151±3 | 7±3 |
| Example 4 | 150±3 | 8±3 |
| Example 5 | 150±3 | 7±3 |
| Example 6 | 150±3 | 7±3 |
| Comparative example 2 | 102±3 | 23±3 |
| Comparative example 4 | 132±3 | 16±3 |
| Comparative example 5 | 129±3 | 18±3 |
According to the results shown in tables 1 to 3, the antibacterial ceramic tableware prepared by the invention has obviously superior antibacterial performance, mildew resistance and hydrophobic performance compared with the existing common tableware and antibacterial ceramic tableware through the mutual matching of the components.
The mutual matching of the components is required for obtaining the antibacterial ceramic tableware prepared from the antibacterial material and the antibacterial agent which have excellent antibacterial performance, anti-mildew performance and hydrophobic performance. For example, comparative example 1, which contained no silver nitrate, exhibited a significant decrease in both antibacterial and anti-mildew properties. Comparative example 2 the antibacterial ceramic tableware was prepared directly using the antibacterial material, i.e., without the hydrophobic modifier, the hydrophobic property was significantly reduced, further affecting the antibacterial property and the anti-mildew property. Comparative example 3 the zinc acetate content was too low and both the antibacterial and antimycotic properties were significantly reduced. Comparative example 4 added too little hydrophobic modifier and comparative example 5 added too much hydrophobic modifier, and the antibacterial property, the anti-mildew property and the hydrophobic property of the two were all reduced.
Claims (10)
1. The preparation method of the antibacterial material is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) mixing 5-10% of zinc salt, 0.05-0.1% of silver salt and 1-3% of polyvinylpyrrolidone in a solvent to obtain a mixed solution, and adjusting the pH value of the mixed solution to 9-11, wherein the zinc salt and the silver salt are soluble salts; the percentage is the mass percentage of each component in the mixed solution;
(2) annealing the mixed solution at 400-700 ℃ for 1-4 hours to obtain the product;
wherein the solvent is an alcohol solvent.
2. The method for preparing the antibacterial material according to claim 1, wherein the molecular weight of the polyvinylpyrrolidone is 30000-60000, for example 36000;
and/or the zinc salt is zinc acetate, preferably the content of zinc acetate is 5.6%, 7.6%, 7.7%, 8.2% or 9.2%;
and/or the zinc salt is zinc sulfate, preferably the content of the zinc sulfate is 8.2%;
and/or the silver salt is silver nitrate, preferably the content of the silver nitrate is 0.05%, 0.07%, 0.08% or 0.1%;
and/or the content of the polyvinylpyrrolidone is 1.5%, 1.9%, 2.1%, 2.13% or 2.4%
And/or the solvent is one or more of ethanol, glycol and glycerol; preferably ethanol; more preferably, the ethanol content is 88.85%, 89.6%, 89.93%, 90.7%, or 92.22%;
and/or, the mixing is mixing by adopting a stirring mode, preferably stirring and mixing at room temperature;
and/or the mixing time is 2-6 hours, such as 2 hours, 4 hours or 5 hours;
and/or adding ammonia water dropwise into the mixed solution during the mixing process to adjust the pH value to 9-11, such as 9, 10 or 11;
and/or the annealing temperature is 500 ℃, 600 ℃, 650 ℃ or 700 ℃;
and/or the annealing time is 1 hour, 2 hours, 3 hours or 4 hours.
3. An antibacterial material, characterized in that it is produced by the method for producing an antibacterial material according to any one of claims 1 to 2.
4. A method for preparing an antibacterial agent, comprising the steps of:
(1) ultrasonically dispersing the antibacterial material of claim 3 in a solvent;
(2) mixing the ultrasonically dispersed antibacterial material with a hydrophobic modifier with the content of 4-17 wt%, filtering, and drying to obtain the antibacterial material; the percentage is the mass percentage of the hydrophobic modifier in the antibacterial material.
5. The method for producing an antibacterial agent according to claim 4, wherein the solvent is an alcohol solvent; preferably one or more of ethanol, ethylene glycol and glycerol; more preferably ethanol;
and/or the content of the hydrophobic modifier is 6 wt%, 8 wt%, 12 wt% or 13 wt%;
and/or the hydrophobic modifier is one or more of vinylidene fluoride, polysilazane and stearic acid, preferably stearic acid;
and/or the mixing is mixing in a stirring way(ii) a Wherein the rotation speed of the stirring is preferably 500 to 800 r.min-1For example 500 r.min-1、700r·min-1Or 800 r.min-1(ii) a And/or the stirring time is preferably 30 to 120 minutes, such as 60 minutes, 90 minutes or 120 minutes.
6. An antibacterial agent characterized by being produced by the method for producing an antibacterial agent according to any one of claims 4 to 5.
7. The preparation method of the antibacterial ceramic tableware is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) mixing the antibacterial agent according to claim 6 with glaze according to a mass ratio of 2: 98, obtaining glaze slip, and then uniformly spraying the glaze slip on the surface of the ceramic tableware blank to form a glaze layer;
(2) and sintering the ceramic tableware green body to obtain the ceramic tableware.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the tableware comprises bowls, chopsticks, plates, spoons or forks;
and/or the glaze is a mixture of 40% of feldspar, 15% of kaolin, 20% of quartz, 10% of dolomite, 10% of zirconia, 4% of talcum powder and 1% of dispersing agent, and water according to the weight ratio of 1: grinding according to the mass ratio of 0.5 to obtain a glaze material; wherein the percentage is the mass percentage of each component in the glaze.
9. The method of claim 7, wherein the sintering temperature is 800-1300 ℃, such as 1100 ℃, 1200 ℃ or 1300 ℃;
and/or the sintering time is 1-24 hours, such as 6 hours, 8 hours or 10 hours.
10. An antibacterial ceramic tableware, characterized in that it is produced by the method for producing an antibacterial ceramic tableware according to any one of claims 7 to 9.
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