CN112165861B - Leaf spot control agent and plant growth regulator for Musaceae plant - Google Patents

Abstract

The leaf spot control agent and the plant growth regulator of the present invention contain hymexazol or a salt thereof as an active ingredient.

Description

Leaf spot control agent and plant growth regulator for Musaceae plant

Technical Field

The present invention relates to a control agent for leaf spot (Sigatoka disease) occurring in a plant of the family musaceae (particularly banana) and a plant growth regulator for a plant of the family musaceae.

Background

Plants belonging to the genus Musa of the family musaceae, especially bananas (Musa spp.) are a generic term for cultivars whose fruits are used for food. Bananas are important edible fruits and are produced in about 1 million tons worldwide. Particularly, it is cultivated all year round in africa such as east asia including mainland and taiwan, philippine, indonesia, thailand, southeast asia including vietnam, western asia including india, brazil, ecuador, costa rica, mexico, guatemala, columbia, peru, etc., tamansia, congo, udta, south africa, etc. Bananas cultivated and harvested in these areas are exported to various parts of the world (see non-patent document 1).

Leaf spot is one of the most serious diseases causing devastating losses in plantago, especially bananas. The disease is classified into three types: black leaf spot (Black Sigatoka) caused by pseudocercosporella fijiensis (old classification: mycosphaerella fijiensis); yellow Sigatoka caused by Pseudocercospora musae (old classification: mycosphaera musicola) of Musa basjoo; eumusae leaf spot (Eumusae leaf spot) caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Pseudomonas aeruginosa) (old classification: mycosphaerella aeruginosa) (see non-patent documents 2, 3). Among them, black leaf spot is extremely harmful, and in many cases, 50% or more of the yield is lost. Therefore, the control of the disease requires 1 time/week of fungicide application over the entire cultivation period, and the control cost accounts for 35% of the production cost (see non-patent document 4).

Examples of the control agents for leaf spot include dithiocarbamate fungicides such as Mancozeb (Mancozeb), multi-site contact-active fungicides such as chlorothalonil (chlorothalonil), protein biosynthesis Inhibitors such as pyrimethanil (pirimethylhanil), MBC (Methyl benzimidate) fungicides such as Thiophanate-Methyl and Carbendazim (Carbendazim), amine fungicides such as tridemorph (trimorf), difenoconazole Qoquinone (Difenonazole), bitertanol (Bitertanol), propiconazole (Propiconazole), DMI (demethylation Inhibitor (Demethylation Inhibitor) such as Epoxiconazole (Epoxiconazole), SBI (SBI) fungicides, pyraclostrobin (Pyraclostrobin), and thiopyraclostrobin (quinconazole), and external dye-1-inhibiting agents such as Quinone-citrate DeHydrogenase (sdbci) and Quinone-1-phosphate DeHydrogenase (compound III).

However, it was confirmed that there are Huang Sheban pathogenic bacteria resistant to MBC bactericides and alternaria alternata resistant to MBC bactericides, DMI bactericides, qoI bactericides, and DMI bactericides (see non-patent document 5) and also resistant to succinate dehydrogenase inhibitors (SDHI agents), and as a measure against drug-resistant bacteria and a method for avoiding the occurrence thereof, the number of scattering times of bactericides having the same action is generally limited, and bactericides having different actions are mixed.

For the purpose of increasing the yield of plants of the family musaceae (particularly bananas), increasing the number of leaves (functional leaves), promoting the growth and increasing the fertilizer of new pseudostems (daughter plants), etc., plant growth regulators such as abscisic acid, 6-BA, gibberellin, ethephon, IAA, NAA, etc. have been used (see non-patent document 6).

3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazole (hereinafter referred to as "hymexazol") is a known bactericidal compound, and is described to exhibit an effect on soil pathogenic bacteria such as Pythium and Fusarium by seed treatment and soil perfusion treatment (see patent documents 1 to 3 and non-patent document 7).

The Action of hymexazol is described as inhibiting DNA/RNA synthesis by the international Committee for Fungicide Resistance Action (FRAC) (see non-patent document 5). Further, it is presumed that Fusarium oxysporum (Fusarium oxysporum) inhibits uptake of phenylalanine, uridine, and thymidine, and thus inhibits nucleic acid metabolism and protein metabolism (see non-patent document 8), and Pythium aphanidermatum (Pythium aphanidermatum) inhibits uptake of uridine without inhibiting uptake of acetic acid, methionine, phenylalanine, and aspartic acid, and thus inhibits nucleic acid metabolism (non-patent document 9). While classification (DNA/RNA synthesis inhibition) of hymexazol belongs to a class A3, conventional leaf spot control agents belong to classes B1, B2, C3, F6, G1, G2, H5, M03, M05 and the like, and none of the conventional leaf spot control agents is included in class A3 (see non-patent document 5).

Hymexazol is known to have a Plant Growth regulating effect (PGR) on rice plants, such as promotion of root Growth, promotion of rooting and survival at the time of transplantation, and is useful as a Plant Growth Regulator (see non-patent document 7).

Patent document 4 discloses a harmful biological control agent composition containing a predetermined imidazopyridazine derivative and hymexazol. This document describes that a pest control agent composition exerts a control effect on sigatoka.

Documents of the prior art

Patent literature

Patent document 1: japanese examined patent publication No. 42-25660

Patent document 2: japanese examined patent publication No. 43-15974

Patent document 3: US patent No. 3687968

Patent document 4: japanese laid-open patent publication No. 2016-069297

Non-patent document

Non-patent document 1: the world banana animal forum 1985-2002.Rome: food and agricultural Organization of the United nations;2003

Non-patent document 2: mycosphaerella fijiensis, the black leaf pathogen of banana: progress attacks biology and detection, disease resolution, and the changes of control. Mol. Plant Pathol.2011;12 (4) 307-328.

Non-patent document 3: septoria leaf spot of banana: a new modified waste used by mycosphaeraella eumusae. 90: 884-890.

Non-patent document 4: black Shigatoka: an creating present invention to a foundation of a plant dis.2003;87:208-222.

Non-patent document 5: fraccode list 2018; FRAC (Fungicide Rsistance Action Committee)

Non-patent document 6: plant Growth Regulation;2:15-30.

Non-patent document 7: hymexazol, a newland protecting agent (1973) ann.sankyo res.lab 25:1-51.

Non-patent document 8: model of Action of Soil fungide Hymexazole, 3-Hydroxy-5-methylisoxazole, on Fusarium oxysporum f.cucumerinum (1976) Ann. Phytopath. Soc. Japan42:242-252

Non-patent document 9: model of Action of Hymexazol in Pythium aphanidermatum, 1983 J.pesticide Sci.8:173-181

Disclosure of Invention

Problems to be solved by the invention

Although control of leaf spot is the most important problem in banana cultivation, conventional agents and methods for controlling leaf spot do not achieve sufficient effects. In addition, in the conventional fungicides, since there are limitations on control agents having different actions, it is difficult to efficiently combine the fungicides, and thus it is difficult to avoid the risk of the development of resistant bacteria. Further, although there are plant growth regulators for plants of the family musaceae (particularly bananas), pest control effects cannot be expected for these plant growth regulators.

While hymexazol is known to have antibacterial activity against pathogenic bacteria such as Pythium, fusarium, aphanomyces, sclerotinia, rhizoctonia, etc., it has not been known about antibacterial activity against Pseudocercospora fijiensis (Pseudocercospora fijiensis), pseudocercospora basjona (Pseudocercospora musae), and Pseudocercospora eusuensis (Pseudocercospora eusuensis) which cause leaf spot disease (non-patent document 7).

Hymexazol is known to exhibit an effect by seed treatment or soil treatment as a soil disease control agent for controlling seedling blight caused by Pythium, fusarium, or Aphanomyces, but is not known to have an effect of controlling leaf spot disease by stem and leaf spreading (see non-patent document 7).

As far as hymexazol is concerned, it is known to exhibit a plant growth regulating effect on rice, but a plant growth regulating effect on plantain plants (especially bananas) is not known (see non-patent document 7).

The present invention addresses the problem of finding a novel leaf spot control agent which: it exhibits a controlling effect on leaf spot, is superior in efficacy to existing leaf spot controlling agents, does not show phytotoxicity on bananas, and exhibits a plant growth regulating effect.

Means for solving the problems

As a result of various studies to solve the above problems, the inventors of the present invention have found that hymexazol exhibits a control effect on leaf spot disease and a plant growth regulating effect such as an increase in the yield and the number of leaves (functional leaves) and promotion and enlargement of the growth of new pseudostems (daughter plants) on musaceae plants (particularly bananas), and have completed the present invention.

Namely, the present invention is as shown in the following [1] to [12 ].

[1] A leaf spot control agent which comprises hymexazol or a salt thereof as a control ingredient for leaf spot of a Musaceae plant selected from the group consisting of Musa basjoo, musa paradisiaca and Musaceae.

[2] The leaf spot controlling agent according to [1], wherein the plant of Musaceae family is banana.

[3] The leaf spot controlling agent according to [1] or [2], wherein the pathogenic bacterium causing leaf spot disease is Pseudocercospora fijiensis (Pseudocercospora fijiensis), pseudocercospora basjora (Pseudocercospora musae), or Pseudocercospora eumatosa (Pseudocercospora eumasae).

[4] A plant growth regulator comprising hymexazol or a salt thereof as a plant growth regulating ingredient of a plant of the family musaceae selected from the group consisting of plantain, banana and abaca.

[5] The plant growth regulator according to [4], wherein the plant of Musaceae family is banana.

[6] A method for controlling leaf spot of a plant of the family Musaceae selected from the group consisting of Musa basjoo, musa paradisiaca and Musa albo-marginata, which comprises using the leaf spot controlling agent according to [1 ].

[7] The method for controlling leaf spot according to [6], wherein the Musaceae plant is banana.

[8] A plant growth regulating method of a plant of the Musaceae family selected from the group consisting of Musa basjoo, musa paradisiaca and Musaceae hemp, using the plant growth regulator of the Musaceae family plant of [4 ].

[9] The method for regulating plant growth according to [8], wherein the Musaceae plant is banana.

[10] A method for controlling leaf spot, wherein the leaf spot controlling agent according to [1] is applied to foliage application, coating treatment or irrigation treatment of a plant of the Musaceae family selected from the group consisting of Musa basjoo, musa paradisiaca and Musacea Aurea Linn.

[11] A method for regulating plant growth of a plant of the family Musaceae, wherein the plant growth regulator of [4] is used for foliage application, coating treatment or perfusion treatment of a plant of the family Musaceae selected from the group consisting of Musa basjoo, musa paradisiaca and Musaceae.

[12] A method for using hymexazol or a salt thereof as a control ingredient for leaf spot of a plant of the family musaceae selected from the group consisting of plantain, banana and abaca.

[13] Method of using hymexazol or a salt thereof as a plant growth regulating ingredient of a plant of the family musaceae selected from the group consisting of plantain, banana and abaca.

ADVANTAGEOUS EFFECTS OF INVENTION

The present invention is based on the following findings: a leaf spot controlling agent containing hymexazol or a salt thereof as a leaf spot controlling ingredient; and a plant growth regulator containing hymexazol or a salt thereof as a plant growth regulating ingredient for plantain plants (especially banana). That is, according to the present invention, by treating with a leaf spot controlling agent containing hymexazol or a salt thereof as an active ingredient, a leaf spot controlling effect can be expected, and a plant growth regulating effect such as an increase in the yield and the number of leaves (functional leaves) and promotion and enlargement of growth of new pseudostems (daughter plants) can be obtained for bananas.

Detailed Description

Next, various terms used in the present specification will be described.

The "leaf spot controlling agent" in the present invention means: a composition for controlling a disease of Musaceae (particularly banana) caused by Pseudocercospora fijiensis (Pseudocercospora fijiensis), pseudocercospora musae (Pseudocercospora musae), and Pseudocercospora euzae (Pseudocercospora eusae).

The "plant growth regulator" in the present invention means a composition having the following growth regulating action: promoting plant growth, inhibiting elongation, promoting fruit setting, promoting germination, promoting rooting, preventing fruit drop, promoting fruit hypertrophy, and relieving lodging. In particular, in banana cultivation, the yield and number of leaves (functional leaves) are increased, and the growth of new pseudo stems (daughter plants) is promoted (increased).

The "Musaceae plant" (Musaceae) in the present invention refers to a monocotyledonous plant belonging to the order Zingiberales. The plantain family is a perennial herb characterized by pseudostems with a high development of leaf sheath and becoming stem-like. The Musaceae plant is composed of genus Plantain, genus Musaceae, and the genus Musaceae includes, as the genus Musaceae, banana, and Musaceae.

The "banana" in the present invention means: generic name of the group of cultivars of Musa of Musaceae supplied with fruit. Bananas of cultivars mostly possess odd multiples of the genome of either or both of Musa acetate (2-ploid genome; AA), musa balbisiana (2-ploid genome BB) as stock species, and as cultivars, for example, milchel (gross Michel), cavendish (Cavendish), dwarf Cavendish (Dwarf Cavendish), chinese Dwarf banana (dwarfchip), eno, ka Du La (Caturra), giant Cavendish (gian Cavendish), gran anano, dwarf naie (gra naie), williams Hybrid (wilams Hybrid), valley, robust, royust, wave (Poyo), lackatan (latane), monocateo, montron, bonnaranma, plantama, etc., are not limited to these. Preferred examples of the banana include all bananas such as giant cavendish, short cavendish, card Wen Di, plantain, red banana (cultivar: morato), apple banana, monkey banana (cultivar: senorita), shima banana (cultivar: senorina), granein (improved cultivar of giant cavendish), and Chifle (a species of plantain), which are usually cultivated for food.

The form and the part of "banana" in the present invention will be described. Bananas are herbaceous and grow to heights of several meters. The part of the stem, such as the stem, which is elevated and protruded is called a pseudostem. The long oval shaped leaves are substantially elongated from the anterior end of the pseudostem. Leaves include leaves required for forming fruits, and leaves capable of photosynthesis are called functional leaves. Flowers (inflorescences) are formed from the front end of the pseudostem, and in the inflorescence, each stalk is formed with a plurality of clusters (fruit pieces), each cluster being formed in the form of clusters of about 10 to 20 fruit fingers, each finger growing as a fruit. Note that the bracts appear as large petals, while the fruit finger portions are the actual banana flowers. It should be noted that one pseudostem blooms only once, and after flowering, the plant root draws out the suckling bud and withers. Edible bananas such as Cavindia are triploid and do not produce seeds, and therefore, they are propagated by division of roots, stems (stalks) and suckers (new pseudostems, seed plants).

The "plantain plant" of the present invention includes the same plant as a transgenic plant (GMO) obtained by gene conversion of useful traits such as herbicide tolerance gene, insecticidal and pest resistance gene, pathogenic substance production gene, oil component modification and amino acid content enhancement trait.

The "leaf spot" referred to in the present invention is the most serious disease of plants of the family musaceae (especially bananas), and is a disease caused by: pseudocercospora fijiensis (blacksigatoka) as an ascomycete (old classification: black Sigatoka caused by Mycosphaerella fijiensis (mycosphaeraella fijiensis), pseudocercospora musae (yellowsigatoka) caused by Pseudocercospora musae (old classification: mycosphaera musicola), eumusae leaf spot (eumasasae leaf spot) caused by eumasasae (pseudosphaera mussaensis) (old classification: mycosphaera mussaensis) and especially, black leaf spot is the most devastating disease causing serious damage in bananas, as a disease condition that the color of Black leaf spot becomes Black, and the color of Black leaf spot becomes a suppression color of Black leaf spot, and the color of Black leaf spot becomes a half-brown color of Black leaf spot, and the Black leaf spot becomes a latent spot after harvest, and the Black leaf spot becomes a typical spot after the harvest of Black leaf spot of 3 to 5 months, thus the Black leaf spot becomes a typical spot after the harvest, and the Black leaf spot becomes a half-brown spot.

Next, a leaf spot control agent and a plant growth regulator containing hymexazol or a salt thereof of the present invention as an active ingredient will be described.

The present invention provides a leaf spot control agent and a plant growth regulator containing hymexazol or a salt thereof as an active ingredient, which act as a leaf spot control ingredient and a plant growth regulating ingredient of a musaceae plant. The agent for controlling leaf spot and the plant growth regulator of the present invention may contain at least one selected from the group consisting of other fungicides, insecticides, acaricides, nematicides and plant growth regulators described later as other active ingredients in addition to benomyl or a salt thereof, and in the present invention, the effect of controlling leaf spot and the effect of regulating plant growth of plants of the family musaceae may be exhibited by containing only benomyl or a salt thereof as an active ingredient.

The salt of hymexazol of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is a salt that can be generally used as an agricultural chemical, and examples thereof include alkali metal salts such as potassium salt and sodium salt; alkaline earth metal salts such as calcium salts and magnesium salts; or ammonium salts, including their hydrates, preferably potassium salts. As hymexazol or a salt thereof, 3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazole or a potassium salt thereof is preferable.

The foliar-controlling agents and plant growth regulators containing hymexazol or a salt thereof as an active ingredient of the present invention can be used as they are, but they are usually used by mixing with a carrier, and if necessary, auxiliary agents such as a surfactant, a binder, a disintegrant, a stabilizer, a pH adjuster, an antibacterial and antifungal agent (preservative), a thickener, an antifoaming agent, a wetting agent, a fixing agent, and a coloring agent can be added to the mixture to prepare formulations such as wettable powder, flowable agent, water dispersible granule, powder, liquid, emulsion, granule, and pack formulation (pack formulation) in a suitable manner according to a conventional method. The dosage form is not limited to these compositions as long as the effect is exerted.

The carrier used in the leaf spot control agent and the plant growth regulator of the present invention means a synthetic or natural inorganic or organic substance which helps the active ingredient to reach the site to be treated and is compounded for facilitating storage, transportation and handling of the active ingredient compound, and any carrier used in general agricultural and horticultural chemicals may be used, and any solid or liquid may be used, and is not limited to a specific one.

Examples of the solid carrier that can be used in the leaf spot control agent and the plant growth regulator of the present invention include inorganic substances such as bentonite, montmorillonite, diatomaceous earth, white clay, talc, and clay; plant organic substances such as wood flour and sawdust; or urea; and so on.

Examples of the liquid carrier that can be used in the leaf spot control agent and the plant growth regulator of the present invention include aromatic hydrocarbons, cycloalkanes, paraffin hydrocarbons, ketones, ethers, alcohols, carbonates, aprotic solvents, water, and the like.

In order to enhance the efficacy of the leaf spot control agent and the plant growth regulator of the present invention, the auxiliary agents may be used individually or in combination according to the purpose, taking into consideration the formulation of the agent, the treatment method, and the like. Examples of the auxiliary agents include surfactants, binders, disintegrating agents, stabilizers, pH adjusters, antibacterial and antifungal agents, thickeners, antifoaming agents, and antifreezing agents.

As the surfactant that can be used in the leaf spot control agent and the plant growth regulator of the present invention, a surfactant that is used for the purpose of emulsifying, dispersing, spreading, and/or wetting an agricultural chemical preparation is generally used. Examples of such a substance include a nonionic surfactant, an anionic surfactant, a polyanionic polymer surfactant, a cationic surfactant, and an amphoteric surfactant.

Examples of the binder include sodium alginate, polyvinyl alcohol, gum arabic, carboxymethyl cellulose (hereinafter referred to as "sodium CMC"), bentonite, and the like.

Examples of the disintegrant include sodium CMC and croscarmellose sodium.

Examples of the stabilizer include hindered phenol antioxidants; or benzotriazole-based or hindered amine-based ultraviolet absorbers.

Examples of the pH adjuster include phosphoric acid, acetic acid, and sodium hydroxide.

Examples of the antibacterial and antifungal agent include industrial bactericides such as 1,2-benzisothiazolin-3-one and antibacterial and antifungal agents.

Examples of the thickener include xanthan gum, guar gum, sodium CMC, gum arabic, polyvinyl alcohol, montmorillonite, and the like.

Examples of the defoaming agent include silicone compounds.

Examples of the antifreeze include propylene glycol and ethylene glycol.

The above-mentioned adjuvants are merely examples, and the adjuvants of the present invention are not limited to the above-mentioned materials at all.

The content of the active ingredient in the leaf spot control agent and the plant growth regulator of the present invention is usually in the range of 0.1 to 100% by weight, preferably in the range of 0.1 to 90% by weight, more preferably in the range of 1 to 80% by weight, and particularly preferably in the range of 5 to 50% by weight.

Second, a method for controlling leaf spot using the leaf spot controlling agent of the present invention and a method for regulating plant growth using the plant growth regulator of the present invention will be described.

Examples of the method of applying the leaf spot control agent and the plant growth regulator include, for example, a method of spraying the pseudostem, leaf sheath and leaf blade of a target plant; coating pseudostem, leaf sheath and leaf; injecting treatment to the pseudostem; a spreading treatment on pseudostems, seedlings and roots of the target plant, and the surface of soil containing divided plants (stems, suckers, etc.); mixing the soil after the spreading treatment to the soil surface; injecting into soil; mixing the injected soil in the soil; performing soil perfusion treatment; mixing the soil after the soil perfusion treatment; blowing and attaching to Miao Ji roots and the plant division (stem, bud suction, etc.); coating treatment; dipping treatment; coating with powder; performing scattering treatment; and the like, and generally, various application methods utilized by those skilled in the art exert sufficient effects.

When the amount and concentration of the leaf spot control agent and the plant growth regulator to be applied vary depending on the species, growth stage, plant height, degree of occurrence of a disease, formulation of the compound, application method, various environmental conditions, and the like, and the active ingredient amount (amount of hymexazol or a salt thereof) is suitably 50 to 1,000,000g per hectare, and preferably 100 to 500,000g per hectare. When the leaf spot control agent and the plant growth regulator are applied to a target plant for foliage application, application to a soil surface, injection into soil, or soil irrigation, the control agent and the plant growth regulator may be diluted in an appropriate carrier at an appropriate concentration and applied.

The leaf spot controlling agent and the plant growth regulator containing hymexazol or a salt thereof as an active ingredient may be treated alone, or may be treated in combination with a bactericide, an insecticide, an acaricide, a nematicide or a plant growth regulator simultaneously or sequentially.

Examples of the bactericide to be subjected to the combined treatment include a phenylamide-based bactericide, a mitogenic and cell-division inhibitor (MBC bactericide), a succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor (SDHI agent), a quinone outside inhibitor (QoI agent), a quinone inside inhibitor (QiI fungicide), an oxidative phosphorylation uncoupling inhibitor, a quinone outside tagetein bonding site inhibitor (QoSI agent), an amino acid biosynthesis inhibitor, a protein biosynthesis inhibitor, a signaling inhibitor, a lipid and cell membrane biosynthesis inhibitor, a demethylation inhibitor (DMI agent), an amine-based bactericide, a 3-ketoreductase inhibitor in the demethylation of C4 position in sterol biosynthesis, a squalene epoxidase inhibitor in sterol biosynthesis, a cell wall biosynthesis inhibitor, a melanin biosynthesis inhibitor, a host plant resistance inducer, a dithiocarbamate-based bactericide, a phthalimide-based bactericide, a guanidine-based bactericide, a multi-site contact active bactericide, and other bactericides. Examples of the insecticides, acaricides and nematicides to be treated in combination include carbamate acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors, organophosphorus acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors, GABA-agonistic chloride channel blockers, sodium channel modulators, nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) competitive modulators, nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) allosteric modulators, glutamate-agonistic chloride channel (GluCl) allosteric modulators, juvenile hormone analogs, nonspecific (multi-site) inhibitors, mite growth inhibitors, mitochondrial ATP synthase inhibitors, oxidative phosphorylation disintegrants that interfere with proton gradients, nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) channel blockers, chitin biosynthesis inhibitors type 0, chitin biosynthesis inhibitors type 1, muscarine insect molting inhibitors, ecdysone (dysone) receptor agonists, mitochondrial electron transport chain III inhibitors, mitochondrial electron transport chain complex I inhibitors, sodium-dependent electron transport receptor inhibitors, and other specific electron transport receptor complex inhibitors, one or two or more of them may be used in combination, but the use is not limited to these.

Examples of the bactericide include phenylamide-based bactericides such as Benalaxyl (Benalaxyl), benalaxyl M, benalaxyl-M, furalaxyl (Furalaxyl), metalaxyl (Metalaxyl), metalaxyl M, metalaxyl-M, mefenoxam, oxadixyl (Oxadixyl), and furoamide (Ofurace);

inhibitors of mitosis and cell division such as Benomyl (Benomyl), carbendazim (Carbendazim), fuberidazole (Fuberidazole), thiabendazole (Thiabendazole), thiophanate (Thiophanate), thiophanate-methyl (Thiophanate-methyl), diethofencarb (Diethofencarb), zoxamide (Zoxamide), ethaboxam (Ethaboxam), pencycuron (Pencycuron), fluopicolide (Fluopicolide), and Phenamacril (Phenamacril);

benomyl (Benodanil), benzovindiflupyr (Benzovindiflupyr), bixafen (Bixafen), boscalid (Boscalid), carboxin (Carboxin), methylfurosemide (Fenfuram), fluopyram (Fluopyram), flutolanil (Flutolanil), fluopyram (Fluxapyroxad), furametpyr (Furametpyr), isoflutamide, isopyramid (isopyram), isopyrazam (isopyram), mefenoxamine (Mepronil), oxadixyl (Oxycarboxin), penthiopyrad (Penthiopyrad), flufenapyr (Penflufen), fludioxonil (pymetrozine), fluquinconazole (pydiflufenim), sedaxamide (thiflupyrflupyr), pyraflupyr (Sedaxane), pyrafluquinamide (thiflufen), pyrafluquinamide (Isflupyr), flupyr (e, indonepefloxacin, and the like), pyraflufen (SDfenoxamid, pyraflufen, and the like);

azoxystrobin (Azoxystrobin), coumoxystrobin (Coumoxystrobin), dimoxystrobin (Dimoxystrobin), enestroburin (enoxabin), famoxadone (Famoxadone), fenamidone (Fenamidone), fenaminostrobin (fenaminostrobin), flufenacet (Flufenoxystrobin), fluoxastrobin (fluxabin), fluoxastrobin (fluoxabin), fluoxastrobin (Kresoxim-methyl), mandestron, metominostrobin (Metominostrobin), orysastrobin (Orysastrobin), picoxystrobin (Picoxystrobin), pyraclostrobin (Pyraclostrobin), pyraclostrobin (Pyraoxystrobin), pyraclostrobin (Pyraclostrobin), pyraclostrobin (qobencarb), triclopyricarb (triclopyr), troquinone (metrizamide (trimetrex), and external inhibitors (metominostrobilurin), etc.:

quinone internal inhibitors (QiI fungicide), such as Cyazofamid (Cyazofamid), amexane (Amisulbrom), and the like:

oxidative phosphorylation uncoupling inhibitors such as Binapacryl (Binapacryl), meptyldinocap (Meptyldinocap), dinocap (Dinocap), fluazinam (Fluazinam), and the like;

quinone exterior placoid bonding site inhibitors (QoSI agents) such as Ametoctradin (Ametoctradin);

amino acid biosynthesis inhibitors such as Cyprodinil (Cyprodinil), mepanipyrim (mepanipynim) and Pyrimethanil (Pyrimethanil);

protein biosynthesis inhibitors such as Streptomycin (Streptomycin), kasugamycin (Kasugamycin), blasticidin S (Blasticidin-S), oxytetracycline (oxyyttracycline), and the like;

signal transmission inhibitors such as Fenpiclonil (Fenpiclonil), fluxastrobin (Fludioxonil), quinoxyfen (Quinoxyfen), proquinazid (procquinazid), chlozolinate (chlolinate), dimethachlon (dimethacholone), iprodione (Iprodione), procymidone (procymidone), vinclozolin (Vinclozolin);

isoprothiolane (Isoprothiolane), edifenphos (Edifenphos), iprobenfos (Iprobenfos), pyrazophos (Pyrazophos), biphenyl (Biphenyl),

Lipid and cell membrane biosynthesis inhibitors such as dicyclopentadienyl (Chloroneb), niclosamide (Dicloran), quintozene (Quintozene), tetrachloronitrobenzene (Tecnazene), tolclofos-methyl (Tolclofos-methyl), clomazone (Echlomezol or ethodiazole), iodocarb (Iodocarb), propamocarb (Propamocarb) and Propamocarb (Prothiocarb);

epoxiconazole (azaconazol), bitertanol (Bitertanol), bromuconazole (Bromuconazole), cyproconazole (Cyproconazole), difenoconazole (Difenoconazole), diniconazole (Diniconazole), diniconazole M (Diniconazole-M), [ b-12.8] Epoxiconazole (Epoxiconazole), epoxiconazole (Etaconazole), fenarimol (Ferarimol), fenbuconazole (Fenbuconazole), fluquinconazole (Fluniconazole), quinconazole, flusilazole (Flusilazole), flutriafol (Flutriafol), hexaconazole (Hexaconazol), imazalil (Imazalil), imibenconazole (Imidazozole), ipconazole (Ipoconazole), bitertazole (Metronil), dinol (Metaconazole), fluniconazole (Flubenconazole), fluquinconazole (Fluconazole) imidazole (Oxpoconazole), oxpoconazole fumarate (Oxpoconazole fumarate), pefurazoate (Pefurazoate), penconazole (penconazol), prochloraz (Prochloraz), propiconazole (propiconazol), prothioconazole (Prothioconazole), pyrisoxim (Pyrifenox), chlorfenapyr (Pyrisoxazole), simeconazole (Simeconazole), tebuconazole (Tebuconazole), tetraconazole (tetradifenzole), triadimefon (triadimimefon), triadimenol (triadimidiatol), triflumizole (Triflumizole), triforidazole (Triforine), triticonazole (Triticonazole), mefluconazole (Difenoconazole), ipfeldazole (DMI), and like demethylated agents (DMI);

amine-based bactericides such as 4-dodecyl-2,6-dimethylmorpholine (Aldimorph), dodecacylmorpholine (Dodemorph), fenpropimorph (Fenpropimorph), tridemorph (Tridemorph), fenpropidin (Fenpropidin), piprolin (piprolin), spiroxamine (Spiroxamine), and the like;

3-ketoreductase inhibitors in the demethylation of the C4 position in sterol biosynthesis, such as Fenhexamid (Fenhexamid) and Fenpyrazamine (Fenpyrazamine);

squalene epoxidase inhibitors of sterol biosynthesis, such as Pyributicarb (Pyributicarb), [ b-15.2] naftifen (Naftifine), [ b-15.3] Terbinafine (Terbinafine);

cell wall biosynthesis inhibitors such as Polyoxins (Polyoxins), dimethomorph (Dimethomorph), flumorph (Flumorph), pyrimorph (Pyrimorph), benthiavalicarb (Benthiavalicarb), benthiavalicarb-isopropyl, propineb (iprovalcarb), mandipropamid (Mandipropamid), and cymoxanil (Valifenalate);

melanin biosynthesis inhibitors such as Phthalide (Phthalide or fthalide), pyroquilon (Pyroquilone), tricyclazole (Tricyclazole), cyprodinil (carpropamide), diclocymet (Diclocymet), cyanamide (Fenoxanil), tolocarb (Tolprocarb), and the like;

host plant resistance inducers such as Acibenzolar-S-methyl, probenazole, tiadinil, isotianil, laminarin, dichlobenizox and the like;

dithiocarbamate fungicides such as Mancozeb (Mancozeb or Manzeb), maneb (Maneb), metiram (Metiram), propineb (Propineb), thiram (Thiram), zineb (Zineb), ziram (Ziram), ferbam (Ferbam), and the like;

captan (Captan), captafol (Captafol), folpet (Folpet), fluorofolpet (Fluorofolpet), etc.;

phthalimide-based fungicide:

guanidine-based bactericides such as dicaprylamine (Guazatine), dicaprylamine (iminocatadine), dicaprylamine alkylbenzene sulfonate (iminocatadine alkylbenzene sulfonate), and dicaprylamine triacetate (iminocatadine triacetate);

basic copper chloride (copperoxochloride), copper hydroxide (copperer (II) hydroxide), basic copper sulfate (copperhydroxide sulfate), organic copper compound (organocopper compound), bisethylenediamin dodecylbenzene sulfonate complex salt [ II ] (dicyclohexylbenzene sulfonate dihydrate [ II ] salt, DBEDC), chlorothalonil (Chlorothalonil), sulfur (sulfor), fluoroamide (Fluoroimide), dichlofluanid (Dichlofluanid), tolylfluanid (tolyfluoride), anilide (Anilazine), dithianon (dichloroin), miticide (chinomethione or quinomethione), extract from cotyledon of lupine (blactive ad), and the like;

fenpicoxamid, dipyrromethene, bupirimate (Bupirimate), amethodine (Dimethirimol), ethirimol (Ethirimol), triphenyltin acetate (Fentin acetate), triphenyltin chloride (Fentin chloride), triphenyltin hydroxide (Fentin hydroxide), oxolinic acid (Oxolinic acid), xin Saitong (Octhilinone), ethylphosphonic acid (Fosetyl), phosphorous acid (phophorous acid), sodium phosphite (sodium phosphate), ammonium phosphite (ammonium phosphate), potassium phosphite (potassiumsophosphate), phylloplantam (tecloforalam), triazoxide (Triazoxide), flusulfamide (fluusfamide), pyridabenzylamine (silazane), silthiofamide (silthiofamid), diflufenzopyram (diflufenpyrad), pyrimethanil (fenoxazone), pyrimethanil (pyrimethanil), pyrimethanil (flufenacetone (flufenamidone), pyrimethanil (flufenamidone), (Oxathiapiprolin), isobutoxyquinoline (Tebufloquin), tetrazolium pyritinoid (Picarbitrazox), jinggang mycins (Validamycins), cymoxanil (Cymoxanil), quinoflumelin, fenpicloxamid, aminoprifen, pyridachlorometyl, iflufenoquin, fluoroetheramide (Fluopimomide), florilpicoxamid, and other fungicides.

As an insecticide, it is possible to use, examples include foscarnet (Phosphocarb), alancarb (Alanycarb), carbosulfan (Butocarxim), butoxycarb (Butaxycarboxim), thiodicarb (Thiodicarb), thiodicarb (Thiofanox), aldicarb (Aldicarb), carbofuran (Benziocarb), benfuracarb (Benfuracarb), carbaryl (Carbaryl), carbofuran (Carbofuran), carbosulfan (Carbosulfan), carbosulfan (Ethiofenacarb), fenobucarb (Fenobarb), varroan (Formetanate), furacarbon (Furathiocarb), isoprocarb (Isoproprocarb), methiocarb (Methocarb) carbamate acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors such as Methomyl (Methomyl), oxamyl (Oxamyl), pirimicarb (Pirimicarb), propoxur (Propoxur), trimethacarb (Trimethacarb), XMC (3,5-xylylmethylcarbamate), oxamyl (alyxycarb), dimethomorph (Aldoxycarb), fenoxycarb (Bufencarb), buthan (Butacarb), cloxacarb (carbanollate), metolcarb (xylcarb), xylcarb (xylcarb), fenoxycarb (fenothiocarbarb), methiocarb (xylcarb), bendiocarb (Bendiocarb);

acephate (Acephate), azamethiphos (Azamethiphos), methyl oryphos (Azinphos-methyl), ethyl oryphos (Azinphos-ethyl), ethephon (Ethephon), cadusafos (Cadusafos), phosphorus oxychloride (Chlorethoxyfos), chlorfenvinphos (Chlorfenvinphos), chlorophosphorus chloride (Chlormephos), chlorpyrifos (Chlorpyrifos), chlorpyrifos-methyl (Chlorpyrifos-methyl), coumaphos (Coumaphos), cyanophos (cyanohydrin), endosulfan (Desmeton-S-methyl), diazinon (Diazinon), dichlofenphos (Diclofenthifenphos), dichlorvos (Dichlorovos), dicrotophos (Dichlorotophos), dimethomorphine (Dimethos), dimethomorphine (nitrosamines (Divinphos), diclofenofos (Dichlorothos) Disulfoton (Disulfoton), O-ethyl O-4-nitrophenyl thiophosphonate (O-ethyl O-4-nitrophenyl phosphorothionate), ethion (Ethion), ethoprophos (Ethoprophos), famshur, fenamiphos (Fenamiphos), fenitrothion (Fenitrothion), fenthion (Fenthion), fosthiazate (Fosthiazate), heptenophos (Heptenophos), methylisothiaphos (Isofenaphos-methyl), phosphorothionate (Isocarbophos), isoxazolophos (Isoxathion), malathion (Malathion), aphis (Mecarbam), methamidophos (Methamidophos), methidathion (Methidathion), methamidophos (Mevinphos), monocrotophos (Monocrotophos), methamidophos (Methamidophos), bensulprofenofos (Methamidophos (methyl) and metophos (methyl thiophos) salts, naled, omethoate, oxydemeton-methyl, parathion (Parathion), parathion-methyl, phenthoate (Phorate), phorate (Phosalone), phosmet (Phosmet), phosphamide (Phosphamidon), phoxim (phenoxim), diazepam (Pirimiphos-methyl), profenofos (Profenofos), pyrithion (propeptaphos), prothiofos (Prothiofos), pyraclofos (Pyraclofos), phos (pyrithiophor), quinalphos (Quinalphos), sulfotep (Sulfotep), butylpyrimidine (tebufymphos), temephos (Temephos), terbufos (Terbufos) Methylphosphine (Thiometon), triazophos (Triazophos), trichlorfon (Trichlorofon), aphidethon (Vamidothion), chlorthion (Chlorothion), bromophenylphosphine (Bromfenvinfos), bromophos (Bromophos), ethylbromophos (Bromophos-ethyl), temethios (Butathios), trithion (Carbophenothion) Chloronitrilotrifos (Chlorophoxim), thioprofos (sulfoprofos), fenamipide (Diamidafos), chlorfenphos (Tetrachlorovinphos), propaphos (Propapos), fenthion sulfoxide (Mesulfenfos), dicofos (Diazabenzofos), etrimfos (Etrimfos), sulfofop (Oxydeprofos), formosan (Formopathy), fensulophos (Fensulothrion), organophosphate acetylcholine esterase (AChE) inhibitors such as chlorazol phosphorus (Isazofos), imicyafos, isamidofos, thiamethoxam (thioazin), and Fosthietan (Fosthietan);

GABA-excitatory chloride channel blockers such as Chlordane (Chlordane), endosulfan (Endosulfan), lindane (Lindane), dichlofen (Dienochlor), ethiprole (Ethipole), fipronil (Fipronil), acetoprole (Acetoroll);

fluthrin (Acrinathrin), allethrin [ (1R) -isomer ] (Allethrin [ (1R) -isomer ]), bifenthrin (Bifenthrorin), allethrin (Bioallethrin), allethrin S-cyclopentenyl isomer (Bioallethrin S-cyclopropenyl isomer), bioresmethrin (Bioresmethrin), cycloprothrin (Cyclin), cyfluthrin (Cyfluthrin), beta-Cyfluthrin (Beta-Cyfluthrin), cyhalothrin (Cyhalothrin), lambda-Cyhalothrin (gamma-Cyhalothrin), lambda-Cyhalothrin (Lambda-Cyhalothrin), cypermethrin (Cypermethrin), cis-Cyhalothrin (Alphan-Cyhalothrin) high-efficiency Cypermethrin (Beta-Cypermethrin), trans-Cypermethrin (Theta-Cypermethrin), zeta-Cypermethrin (Zeta-Cypermethrin), cyphenothrin [ (1R) -trans-isomer ] (Cyphenothrin [ (1R) -trans-isomer ]), deltamethrin (Deltamethrin), d-trans-Esfenvalerate [ (EZ) - (1R) -isomer ] (Empenthrin [ (EZ) - (1R) -isomer ]), esfenvalerate (Efenvalerate), ethofenprox (Ethofenprox), fenpropathrin (Fenprothrin), fenvalerate (Fenvverate), flucythrinate (Flucythrin), flumethrin (tau-fluvalinhrin), benzyl mite ether (Halfenprox), propargyl (Imiprothrin), methothrin (Methothrin), metofluthrin (Methfluthrin), epsilon-Metofluthrin (Epsilon-Methofluorrin), momfluorothrin, epsilon-Momfluorothrin, permethrin (Permethrin), phenothrin [ (1R) -trans-isomer ] (Phenotrin [ (1R) -trans-isomer ]), prallethrin (Prallethrin), resmethrin (Resmethrin), kadethrin (Kadethrin), silafluothrin (Silafluorofen), tefluthrin (Tefluthrin), tetramethrin (Tetramethrin) Tetramethrin [ (1R) -isomer ] (Tetramethrin [ (1R) -isomer ]), tralomethrin (Tralomethrin), transfluthrin (Transfluthrin), ZXI8901 (3- (4-bromophenoxy) phenyl ] -cyanomethyl 4- (difluoromethoxy) -alpha- (1-methylethyl) phenylacetate), biothrin (Biopermethrin), prallethrin (Furamethrin), profluthrin, brofluthrin (flubiscycyclinate), transfluthrin (Fimefluthrin), DDT (fiscro-diphenyl-trichloroethanol), methoxychloride (methoxychol), phenothrin (Phenothrin), fluvalinate (Fluvalinate), and other sodium channel modulators;

nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) competitive modulators such as Acetamiprid, clothianidin (Clothianidin), dinotefuran (Dinotefuran), imidacloprid (Imidacloprid), nitenpyram (niterpyram), thiacloprid (Thiacloprid), thiamethoxam (Thiamethoxam), nicotine (Nicotine), nicotine sulfate (Nicotine sulfate), sulfoxaflor (sulfoflurane), flupyradifurone, trifluoropyrimidine (triflumizole);

nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) allosteric modulators such as Spinosad (Spinosad) and Spinetoram (Spinetoram);

glutamate-agonistic chloride channel (GluCl) allosteric modulators such as avermectin (Abamectin), emamectin benzoate (Emamectin benzoate), lepimectin (Lepimectin), milbemectin (Milbemectin);

juvenoids such as Hydroprene (Hydroprene), methoprene (Kinoprene), methoprene (Methoprene), fenoxycarb (Fenoxycarb), pyriproxyfen (Pyriproxyfen), and the like;

non-specific (multi-site) inhibitors such as methyl bromide (methyl bromide), chloropicrin (chloropirrin), cryolite (Cryolite), sulfuryl fluoride (sulfuryl fluoride), borax (borax), boric acid (boric acid), sodium boron oxide (sodium borate), sodium metaborate (sodium metaborate), antimony potassium tartrate (sodium aluminate), dazomet (Dazomet), metam (Metam), metam sodium salt (metha sodium), and the like;

modulators of the TRPV channel of vibronic functions such as pymetrozine (pymetrozine), pymetroquine (pyrifluquinazon);

mite growth inhibitors such as Clofentezine (Clofentezine), flutenzine (Diflovidazin), hexythiazox (Hexythiazox), etoxazole (Etoxazole);

mitochondrial ATP synthase inhibitors such as Diafenthiuron (Diafanthiuron), azocyclotin (Azocyclotin), cyhexatin (Cyhexatin), fenbutatin oxide (fenbutin oxide), propargite (propagute), and Tetradifon (Tetradifon);

oxidative phosphorylation uncouplers that interfere with proton gradients, such as chlorenapyl, DNOC (Dinitro-ortho-Cresol), binapacryl (Binapacryl), and Sulfluramid (Sulfluramid);

nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) channel blockers such as Bensultap (Bensultap), cartap hydrochloride (Cartap hydrochloride), thiocyclam (Thiocyclam), and Cartap (Monosultap);

type 0 chitin biosynthesis inhibitor such as Bistrifluron (Bistrifluron), chlorfluazuron (Chlorfluazuron), diflubenzuron (diflebenzuron), flucycloxuron (Flucycloxuron), flufenoxuron (Flufenoxuron), hexaflumuron (Hexaflumuron), lufenuron (Lufenuron), novaluron (Novaluron), noviflumuron (Noviflumuron), teflubenzuron (Teflubenzuron), triflumuron (Triflumuron);

type 1 chitin biosynthesis inhibitors such as Buprofezin (Buprofezin);

molting inhibitors for insects of the order of flies such as Cyromazine;

ecdysone (Ecdysone) receptor agonists such as Chromafenozide (Chromafenozide), chlorfenapyr (Halofenozide), methoxyfenozide (Methoxyfenozide), tebufenozide (Tebufenozide), and the like;

octopamine receptor agonists such as Amitraz (Amitraz);

mitochondrial electron transport chain complex III inhibitors such as Hydramethylnon (hydrametrynnon), acequinocyl (Acequinocyl), fluacrypyrim (Fluacrypyrim), bifenazate (Bifenazate), and the like;

mitochondrial electron transport chain complex I inhibitors (METI) such as Fenazaquin (Fenazaquin), fenpyroximate (Fenpyroximate), pyridaben (Pyridaben), pyriminophen ether (pyrimidifen), tebufenpyrad (Tebufenpyrad), tolfenpyrad (Tolfenpyrad), rotenone (Rotenone), and the like;

indoxacarb (Indoxacarb), metaflumizone (Metaflumizone) isoelectric-dependent sodium channel blockers;

acetyl CoA carboxylase inhibitors such as Spirodiclofen (Spirodiclofen), spiromesifen (Spiromesifen), and Spirotetramat (Spirotetramat);

mitochondrial electron transport chain complex IV inhibitors such as aluminum phosphide (aluninum phosphide), calcium phosphide (calcium phosphide), hydrogen phosphide (Phosphine), zinc phosphide (zinc phosphide), calcium cyanide (calcium cyanide), sodium cyanide (sodium cyanide), and potassium cyanide (potassium cyanide);

mitochondrial electron transport chain complex II inhibitors such as Cyenopyrafen (Cyenopyrafen), cyflumetofen (Cyflumetofen), and pyfluside;

ryanodine receptor modulators such as Chlorantraniliprole (Chlorantraniliprole), cyantraniliprole (Cyantraniliprole), and Flubendiamide (Flubendiamide);

the target site of the modulator of chordal organ such as Flonicamid (Flonicamid) is not specified;

azadirachtin (Azadirachtin), fenpyroximate (Benzoximate), fenisobromolate (Phenobromolate), chlorfenapyr (Chinomethonate), dicofol (Dicofol), pyriproxyfen (Pyridalyl), bromopropylate (Bromopropyrate), triazamate (Triazamate), dicyclanil (Dicyclonil), fenaminosulf (dinobuton), dinocap (Dicocap), hydrogen cyanide (hydrocyamide), methyl iodide (methyl iodide), xanthodermin (Karanjin), mercuric chloride (mercuric chloride), methyl isothiocyanate (methamphocyanate), pentachlorophenol (pentachlorophenol), phosphine (phospine), piperonyl ether (pionyl), miticide (antibiotic, xanthatin), benzoxathion-3532-carboxim-3 (Amazone), benzoxathion-3532), benzoxathion-phenoxythion (Amazone-3-3532), benzoxathion-phenoxythion-3532, phenoxythion-phenoxythion (Amofenone-3-3532), thion-phenoxythion (Amofenozide), thion-3-3532), thion (Amofenoxathion-3-phenoxythion-3, benzoxathion-3, thion-3, benzoxathion-3, thion-D, benzoxathion-3, and a ) Butyl phosphite (Butonate), diethylpropion (Butoxyphenyl), chlorfenapyr (2-butoxyethoxy) ethyl thiocyanate (2- (2-butoxyethoxy) ethyl thiocyanate), chlorfenapyr (Camphe), chlorfenapyr (Chlorbenensis), chlordecone (Chlorfenapyr), chlorfenapyr (Chlorimefon), chlorfenapyr (Chlorfenethol), chlorfenapyr (Chlorfenton), chlorfluazuron (Fluazuron), metaldehyde (Methydehyde), bialaphos (Bialaphos), levamisol hydrochloride (Levamisol hydrochloride), amidoflupyr, pyrafluprole, pyrronitrile (Chlorpyrifos), pyraflupyrazofos (Fluopyrazols), phenyl ether (Phenoxofen), ethyl flufenozide (Flufenoxate), flufenpyr (Flufenoxate (Flufenoxan), flufenpyr (Flufenoxan), flufenoxan (Flufenoxan) and flufenoxan (Flufenoxan) compounds Benzomite (Benzomate), pyriminostrobin (Flufenerim), albendazole (Albendazole), oxibendazole (Oxibendazole), fenbendazole (Fenbendazole), metam (Metam-sodium), 3238 zft 3238-dichloropropene (3262 zft 3262-dichloropropen), flometorphoquin, cyclic bromodiamide (Cycliciliprole), fluorocyandiamide (Tetraniliprole), bromoxybene diamide (Broflanilide), diclomethapyr (Dicloromethiaz), dibromoethane (ethylene dibromide), acrylonitrile (Acrylonitril), bis (2-chloroethyl) ether (bis (2-chloroethyl) ether), 1-bromo-2-bromoethane (1-chloro-2), 1-chloro-3-chloro-1-3-chloro-3-methyl chloride (chloropropene-chloro-1-3-chloro-methyl chloride) -chloroprop-1-ene), bromoxynil (Bromocyclen), carbon disulfide (carbon disulphide), carbon tetrachloride (tetrachloromethane), nimoditin (Nemadectin), acarina (cymazone), calcium polysulfide (calcium polysulphide), cytokinin (Cytokinin), 2- (octylthio) ethanol, potassium oleate (potassium oleate), sodium oleate (sodium oleate), machine oil (machine oil), tar (tar oil), neonicotinoid (Anabase), methylthiopyrimidine tartrate (macromolecular tartate), pyrethrum (Pyrethrum), rapeseed oil (rapeseed oil), soybean lecithin (soybean lecithin), starch (starch), and mixtures thereof hydroxypropyl starch (hydroxypropyl starch), fatty acid glycerides (Decanoyloctanoylglycerol), propylene glycol mono fatty acid esters (Propylene glycol fatty acid ester), diatomaceous earth (Diatomite), aforamide (Afoloner), triflumimide (Fluazaindolizine), diproprionate (Afidopyropen), chlorofluorocarbonamide (Cyhalodiamide), tioxazafen, fluhexafon, fluorine 3236 zx3236 (Fluralaner), fluxametamide, tetrachlorocyanamide (Tetrachlororaniprop), saantrorer, epoxidizer (Lotialand), ethidium (Cycloxaprid), fluensulfone (Flueuerune), TPIC (tripropylisocyanurate), tripropyl isocyanurate), D-D (1,3-Dichloropropene, 1,3-dichloropropen), percarbonate (peroxicarbonate), MB-599 (synergized acetylenic ether, verbutin), bis (2,3,3,3-tetrachloropropyl) ether (bis (2,3,3,3-tetrachloropropyl) ether), DCIP (bis (2-chloro-1-methylethyl) ether, bis (2-chloro-1-methyl) ether), ENT-8184 (N- (2-ethylhexyl) bicyclohept-5-ene-2,3-dicarboximide), bayer 22408 (O, O-diethyl O-naphthalene phosphatase), bayer 394 (tris (1-dichloro-3-methyl-2-phenylziphiadium) hexaurea), benzypyrimomon, acetonaxane, flexazol, salicylic acid, spazoxyl, and others.

Hereinafter, the following agents may be used as a leaf spot control agent and a plant growth regulator containing hymexazol or a salt thereof of the present invention as an active ingredient, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

The blending parts of the components described in the following formulation examples are all parts by weight.

Preparation

Hymexazol liquid (trade name/TACHIGAREN (registered trademark) liquid, active ingredient: hymexazol 30 wt%, manufactured by Mitsui Chemicals Agro, inc.)

Wettable hymexazol powder (trade name/TACHIGAREN (registered trademark) coating agent, active ingredient: 70 wt% hymexazol, made by Mitsui Chemicals Agro, inc.)

Hymexazol powder (trade name/TACHIGAREN (registered trademark) powder, active ingredient: 4% by weight of hymexazol, manufactured by Mitsui Chemicals Agro, inc

Examples

Hereinafter, examples of formulations of the pesticidal composition used in the present invention will be specifically described, but the present invention is not limited to these examples. In the following formulation examples, "%" represents mass% (mass%).

< formulation example 1 (hymexazol liquid) >

A liquid preparation was obtained by mixing 30 parts of hydroxyisoxazole, 35 parts of liquid potassium hydroxide, and the balance water, to 100 parts in total.

< formulation example 2 (wettable hymexazol powder) >

A wettable powder is obtained by pulverizing 100 parts in total of 70.0 parts of hydroxyisoxazole, 1.0 part of GOHSENOL GL-05S, 8.4 parts of diethylene glycol, 0.04 part of SOKALAN HP50 and the balance CARPLEX #80, and mixing.

< formulation example 3 (hymexazol powder) >

4.0 parts of hydroxyisoxazole, 0.7 parts of diethylene glycol and the balance of WONDER CLAY, and 100 parts of the mixture are pulverized and mixed to obtain powder.

Next, in order to show the usefulness of the present invention as a leaf spot control agent and a plant growth regulator, the following test examples 1 to 5 were carried out. The test agents (1) to (9) are commercially available agents, and the hymexazol liquid of (1) represents one of the formulation examples of the present invention.

( 1) Hymexazol liquid (trade name/Tachigaren (registered trademark)) liquid, effective components are hymexazol: 30% by weight, manufactured by Mitsui Chemicals Agro, inc )

( 2) Wettable chlorothalonil powder (trade name/Daconil (registered trademark) 72 SC, effective ingredients are chlorothalonil: 72% by weight, manufactured by Syngenta )

( 3) Difenoconazole emulsion (trade name/Sico (registered trademark) 25EC, effective ingredients are difenoconazole: 25% by weight of Syngenta )

( 4) Mancozeb wettable powder (trade name/von zeb (registered trademark) 62 SC, active ingredient is mancozeb: 62% by weight, manufactured by United phosphor Ltd )

( 5) Chlorothalonil wettable powder (trade name/BRAVO (registered trademark) 720 SC, effective ingredients are chlorothalonil: 72% by weight, manufactured by Syngenta )

( 6) Boscalid wettable powder (trade name/Cumora (registered trademark)) 250 SC, effective components are boscalid: 25% by weight of BASF )

( 7) Propiconazole emulsion (trade name/Bumper (registered trademark) 25EC, active ingredient propiconazole: 25% by weight of a mixture of additives prepared by LEADS Agri )

( 8) The isoprothiolane emulsion (Fuji One (registered trademark) 41.2EC, active ingredients are isoprothiolane: 41.2 wt.% of a pesticide manufactured by LEADS Agri )

( 9) Diethofencarb wettable powder (Powmyl (registered trademark)) 25SC, the active ingredients are diethofencarb: 25% by weight, sumitomo chemical system )

Test example 1 Musa paradisiaca prevention test based on stem and leaf spreading of hymexazol liquid

Up to 6 bananas (Musa spp., plantain AAA cultivar, card Wen Di Xu Yazu, grand Naine (large Naine)) were subjected to this test. Stem leaves and leaves were scattered in a diluted solution obtained by diluting 1.5L or 2L of hymexazol liquid (manufactured by Tachigaren (registered trademark) 30sl. After confirming the natural onset of melasma nigricans (Pseudocercospora fijiensis), 7 times (2015/12/1, 12/8, 12/15, 12/23, 12/30, 2016/1/5, and 1/11) of regular control were carried out at 7-day intervals. Incidentally, as a conventional area, mancozeb wettable powder (Vondozeb (registered trademark) 62 SC manufactured by United phosphorous Ltd.) was spread 8 times, and as the hymexazol liquid and chlorothalonil wettable powder (Daconil (registered trademark) 72 SC; manufactured by Syngenta) as a control, difenoconazole emulsion (Sico (registered trademark) 25EC manufactured by Syngenta) was spread 7 times based on mancozeb wettable powder, and the effect thereof was evaluated by replacing 3 times (2015/12/1, 12/23, 1/11) thereof. The test was performed as 10 strains in region 1. The cultivation management was performed by She Qiediao which is necrotic, and the total number of leaves and the number of pieces of functional leaves of each plant were examined every 7 days after the scattering, and the average value of the total number of leaves and the average value of the number of pieces of functional leaves per 1 plant were calculated. The results after 8 days of final scattering are shown in table 1.

[ Table 1]

Sigatoka is a disease in which the leaves of bananas are blackened to inhibit photosynthesis and the yield is reduced by half. It is known that ensuring the total leaf count, especially the number of functional leaves at harvest has a great influence on the yield and quality improvement of the harvested banana fruits. That is, when the number of functional leaves differs by 1 piece between the agents, the yield and quality of the harvested fruits also differ greatly. From the results shown in table 1, the foliage spray area of the hymexazol liquid sufficiently ensured the total number of leaves and the number of functional leaves as compared with the agent non-treated area, and exhibited a sufficient control effect on the sigatoka. Compared with the conventionally used chlorothalonil wettable powder, difenoconazole emulsion and mancozeb wettable powder, the effect is more excellent.

Test example 2 Musa paradisiaca prevention test based on spread of stem leaves of hymexazol liquid

Bananas that have been cultivated for 15 weeks (Musa spp., musa AAA cultivar, kandi Xu Yazu, variety Grand Naine) are supplied to this experiment. Stem and leaf spreading was performed on a diluted solution obtained by diluting 1.5L of hymexazol liquid (Tachigaren (registered trademark) 30sl, manufactured by mitsui Chemicals agro, inc.) in 25L of water so that each 1ha amount was 25L. After confirming the natural onset of melasma nigricans (Pseudocercospora fijiensis), the hymexazol liquid and chlorothalonil wettable powder (BRAVO (registered trademark) 720 sc, syngenta), which is a control agent, were spread 6 times (2015/5/27, 6/3, 6/10, 6/17, 6/24, 7/1) at intervals of 7 days (Sico (registered trademark) 25ec. The test was performed as a 1-region 5-strain test. The same procedure as in test example 1 was repeated except that the dead leaves were cut off to control the cultivation, and the total number of leaves of each plant was examined every 7 days after the scattering, and the average value of the total number of leaves per 1 plant was calculated. The degree of damage is calculated by the following formula using the degree of disease as an index. After the scattering, the degree of disease incidence of each leaf was examined every 7 days to calculate the degree of damage. The results after 7 days of final spreading are shown in table 2.

[ degree of onset of disease ]

0: does not cause disease

1: necrotic area in leaves less than 2%

2: the necrotic area in the leaves is more than 2% and less than 5%

3: the necrotic area in the leaves is more than 5% and less than 15%

4: the necrotic area in leaves is more than 15% and less than 25%

5: the necrotic area in leaves is more than 25% and less than 40%

6: the necrotic area in the leaves is more than 40% and less than 60%

[ degree of damage ]

Victimity =100 x { (1n +2n +3n +4n +5n + 6n)/6N }

N = number of leaves investigated, and N = number of leaves corresponding to each degree of disease

[ Table 2]

From the results in table 2, the total number of leaves in the stem and leaf spread area of the hymexazol liquid was sufficiently ensured and the degree of damage was reduced as compared with the agent non-treated area, and thus a sufficient control effect on the sigatoka was exhibited. Compared with the conventionally used chlorothalonil wettable powder and difenoconazole emulsion, the effect is more excellent.

Test example 3 Musa paradisiaca prevention test based on stem and leaf spreading of hymexazol liquid

Bananas (Musa spp., musa AAA cultivar, cavindish subgroup, variety Grand Naine) were subjected to this test and evaluated using a method known as the single leaf test. 1.5L of hymexazol liquid (Tachigaren (registered trademark) 30SL, manufactured by Mitsui Chemicals agro, inc.) was diluted in 25L of water to give a dilution of 25L per 1ha, and the stem and leaf were scattered on a 10 cm-square portion of the top leaf of 6 pieces of bananas. The hymexazol liquid and boscalid wettable powder (manufactured by Cumora (registered trademark) 250 SC, propiconazole emulsion (manufactured by Bumper (registered trademark)) 25EC, isoprothiolane emulsion (manufactured by Fuji One (registered trademark)) 41.2EC, japanese pesticide LEADS Agri, diethofencarb wettable powder (Powmyl (registered trademark)) 25SC, sumitochow chemical Co., ltd.) as a control were spread 6 times (2017/5/27, 6/3, 6/10, 6/17, 6/24, 7/1) at intervals of 7 days to evaluate the effects thereof. The test was repeated 4 times for the 1-region 1 strain. The degree of development of each leaf was examined every 3 days after the spread, and the degree of damage was calculated. The results after 3 days of final spreading are shown in table 3.

[ Table 3]

From the results shown in table 3, the damage of the area where the hymexazol liquid was spread was reduced as compared with the area where the chemical was not applied, and the control effect on the sigatoka was sufficiently exhibited. Compared with conventionally used boscalid wettable powder, propiconazole emulsion, isoprothiolane emulsion and diethofencarb wettable powder, the effect is more excellent.

Test example 4 plant growth regulating effect on bananas by stem and leaf spreading of hymexazol liquid

Up to 6 bananas (Musa spp., plantain AAA cultivar, card Wen Di Xu Yazu, grand naie) were subjected to this experiment. Stem leaves were scattered in a diluted solution obtained by diluting 1.5L or 2L of hymexazol liquid (manufactured by Tachigaren (registered trademark) 30sl. The spreading was carried out 10 times (2016/5/13, 5/20, 5/27, 6/3, 6/10, 6/17, 6/25, 7/2, 7/12, 7/20) at 7-day intervals. In the case of hymexazol liquid and difenoconazole emulsion (Sico (registered trademark) 25ec, syngenta), which is a control agent, 4 times of scattering (2016/5/13, 6/3, 6/25, 7/20) were performed in 6 scattering, 6 times of scattering (5/20, 5/27, 6/10, 6/17, 7/2, 7/12) of dyssenium mancozeb wettable powder (von dozozear (registered trademark) 62 sc) which is a conventional control agent was performed, and the yield, plant height, and pseudostem area (pseudo stem cell density) were examined. It should be noted that the test was performed as the region 1, 10 strain. The results of the examination of yield (ear (total shoot) weight), plant height increase (average value) after treatment, and increase in false stem circumference (average value) after treatment are shown in table 4.

From the results in table 4, plant growth regulating effects such as an increase in yield, an increase in plant height, and an increase in pseudostem diameter were observed in the stem and leaf spread area of the hymexazol liquid, as compared with the drug-untreated area. The effect is more excellent than that of the difenoconazole emulsion.

[ test example 5] antibacterial Activity of hymexazol against Banana leaf spot bacteria

Ascospores prepared from diseased leaves infected with banana black leaf spot (Pseudocercospora fijiensis) were subjected to this experiment. The ascospores were inoculated into Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) medium adjusted to have a final concentration of hymexazol of 10000ppm, 1000ppm, 100ppm, 10ppm, 1ppm, 0.1ppm, and MIC values and IC values were calculated as indices of inhibition of germination tube elongation of ascospores after 24 hours ₅₀ The value is obtained. The test results are shown in table 5.

[ Table 5]

According to the results of Table 5, hymexazol showed a high antibacterial activity against the elongation of ascospore germination of Phyllospora nigra.

Industrial applicability

According to the present invention, a leaf spot control agent which is more stable and has a better effect than conventional agents and a plant growth regulator which regulates, in particular, the increase in the yield and number of leaves (functional leaves) of bananas and the promotion of growth (enlargement) of new pseudostems (seedlings) can be obtained.

This application claims priority based on japanese application No. 2018-094075 filed on 5/15.2018, the entire disclosure of which is incorporated herein.

Claims (6)

1. Use of hymexazol or a salt thereof for producing a plant growth regulator which increases the yield and the number of leaves, i.e., functional leaves, of a plant of the family Musaceae selected from the group consisting of Musa basjoo, musa paradisiaca and Musa albo-marginata, i.e., a seed plant growth promotion/enlargement.

2. Use according to claim 1, wherein the plantain is banana.

3. A plant growth regulating method for increasing the yield and leaf count of a Musaceae plant selected from the group consisting of Musa basjoo, musa paradisiaca and Musa paradisiaca, i.e., functional leaves, and promoting the growth and fattening of a new pseudo stem part, i.e., a seed plant, wherein a plant growth regulator containing hymexazol or a salt thereof is used.

4. The plant growth regulating method according to claim 3, wherein the Musaceae plant is banana.

5. A plant growth regulating method for increasing the yield and number of leaves of a Musaceae plant, i.e., functional leaves, and promoting the growth and enlargement of a new pseudostem part, i.e., a seed plant, wherein a plant growth regulator containing hymexazol or a salt thereof is applied to a Musaceae plant selected from the group consisting of Musacea, banana and Musacea, by stem and leaf spreading, coating or pouring.

6. Hymexazol or a salt thereof is used as a plant growth regulating component for increasing the yield and the number of leaves, i.e., functional leaves, of a plant of the family Musaceae selected from the group consisting of Musa basjoo, musa paradisiaca and Musa paradisiaca, and for promoting and increasing the growth of a new pseudostem part, i.e., a seed plant.