CN112163758A - Method for evaluating semen grade of cock breeders of long tail chickens on dam - Google Patents
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- 210000000582 semen Anatomy 0.000 title claims abstract description 92
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- 235000013330 chicken meat Nutrition 0.000 title abstract description 11
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- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
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- 235000013601 eggs Nutrition 0.000 description 26
- 230000012447 hatching Effects 0.000 description 23
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- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 description 4
- 210000003746 feather Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
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- YQGOJNYOYNNSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N eosin Chemical compound [Na+].OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C1=C2C=C(Br)C(=O)C(Br)=C2OC2=C(Br)C(O)=C(Br)C=C21 YQGOJNYOYNNSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
A method for evaluating semen grade of cock breeders of long tailed chickens on dam is characterized in that different weighted values are respectively given according to the influence of sperm motility, sperm collection amount and sperm concentration on cock breeder value, hen fertilization rate and genetic characteristics, and the different weighted values are integrated into a cock breeder semen grade index: and (3) evaluating the breeding performance of the breeding cock according to the semen grade index of the breeding cock, wherein the semen grade index is 58.42 multiplied by the semen collection amount, 78.55 multiplied by the sperm activity and 1.48 multiplied by the sperm concentration. The semen grade index of the breeding cock is strongly and positively genetically related to the semen quality, so that the quality of the semen of the breeding cock of the long tail chicken on the dam is judged according to the quality, and the selection is judged, so that the quality of the semen is objectively evaluated, the selection accuracy and operability are improved, the semen quality of the breeding cock can be improved generation by generation according to the selection, the genetic progress of the selection of the breeding cock is accelerated, and the reproductive performance, the breeding value and the economic benefit of the long tail chicken on the dam are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of poultry breeding, in particular to a method for evaluating semen grades of breeder cocks of long tail chickens on a dam.
Background
The long-tail chickens on the dam are mainly bred in the dam area in the north of Hebei province and have the characteristics of severe cold resistance, coarse feeding resistance, strong adaptability and the like. The semen quality inspection method for the cock breeders of the long tail chickens on the dam mainly comprises two methods of visual observation and microscopic observation, wherein the main indexes of the visual observation are the color, the smell, the extraction amount and the pH value of the semen; microscopic observation is mainly used for observing the motility, the survival rate, the density, the concentration, the deformity rate and the like of sperms. The semen evaluation of the breeding cock is only to judge whether the breeding cock can be used as a seed according to the qualitative description of the indexes and the minimum value requirement of the quantitative indexes, or to judge the quality of the semen of the breeding cock according to a certain quantitative index, so that the operability of the semen quality judgment of the breeding cock is not strong, the breeding cock is not rough or one-sidedly, and a quantitative method for comprehensively comparing the quality of the semen of different cocks is not available, which seriously affects the selection and further efficient utilization of the breeding cock.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems and provides a method for evaluating the semen grade of a breeder cock on a dam, which is simple to operate, objective and accurate in result and capable of quantitatively evaluating the semen quality of the breeder cock.
The technical scheme for realizing the purpose of the invention is as follows: a semen grade evaluation method for cock breeders of the dagger cock on a dam is characterized in that different weighted values are respectively given according to the influence of sperm motility, sperm collection amount and sperm concentration on cock breeder value, hen fertilization rate and genetic characteristics and rules of the cock breeder, and three indexes of sperm motility, sperm collection amount and sperm concentration are integrated into a cock semen grade index:
breeder cock semen grade index of 58.42 Xsperm collection amount +78.55 Xsperm motility +1.48 Xsperm concentration, (1)
(1) In the formula: the sperm collection amount is measured by mL, the sperm motility is evaluated according to 0-1 classification grade, and the sperm concentration is measured by hundred million/mL;
the breeding cock semen grade index is used for judging whether the breeding performance of the evaluated cock is good or bad, and the bigger the breeding cock semen grade index is, the better the breeding performance of the cock is and the higher the breeding value is.
The evaluation index adopts the main quantitative index in the semen quality inspection of the breeder cocks: the sperm motility, the sperm collection amount and the sperm concentration, and the comprehensive weighting values of the indexes which influence the sperm quality grade are that the sperm collection amount is 58.42, the sperm motility is 78.55 and the sperm concentration is 1.48.
The influence of units is not required to be considered by each index of the breeding cock semen grade index.
The formula (1) is calculated according to the following method and formula:
(2) wherein the weight of the semen collection amount is 0.3, the weight of the sperm motility is 0.4 and the weight of the sperm concentration is 0.3, which are determined according to the influence of production practice on the breeding value of the breeding cock, and the sum is 1, namely:
the weight of the semen collection amount is 0.3+ the weight of the sperm motility is 0.4+ the weight of the sperm concentration is 0.3-1,
(2) in the formula, the estimation of 0.35 of the spermatozoon heritability, 0.55 of the sperm motility heritability and 0.31 of the sperm concentration heritability comprises the steps of firstly establishing an animal model according to a non-genetic factor analysis result, and then estimating the heritability of the sperm quality characters of the long-tail cocks on 470 black feather dams of 40 weeks by adopting a multi-character constraint maximum likelihood method to obtain data.
(2) Wherein the average value of semen collection amount is 0.43, the average value of sperm motility is 0.67, and the average value of sperm concentration is 15.02, which are calculated according to the continuous semen collection of 470 long-tail cocks on the black feather dam for 40 weeks at 4:00-5:00 afternoon every day for 3 days.
(2) In the formula, the sperm motility, the semen collection amount and the sperm concentration are respectively divided by the respective average values, so that the influence of a unit on the evaluation of the sperm grade index of the breeding cock is eliminated, and the deviation of the influence of different sizes of the sperm motility, the semen collection amount and the sperm concentration value on the sperm grade index is eliminated. The result is objective and accurate.
In order to more conveniently evaluate the semen quality of the breeding cock, the individual index value of the cock semen with the sperm motility, the sperm collection amount and the sperm concentration all at the average level of the population is determined as 100, and more individuals than 100 are better compared with 100 in other individuals, and then the formula (2) can be converted into the following formula:
(3) in the formula:
it can be seen that: a + B + C is 100,
substituting the A, B, C value, the average value of the semen collection amount of 0.43, the average value of the sperm motility of 0.67 and the average value of the sperm concentration of 15.02 into the formula (3), and finishing and calculating to obtain the formula (1):
the sperm grade index of the breeding cock is 58.42 multiplied by the semen collection amount +78.55 multiplied by the sperm activity +1.48 multiplied by the sperm concentration.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the method selects and reserves the breeds according to the quantitative evaluation result of the semen quality of the breeder cock on the dam, has strong selection operability and accurate result, can improve the utilization rate of the breeder cock, reduce the feeding amount of the breeder cock in production, improve the fertility rate of hatching eggs, and greatly improve the economic benefit of breeding the breeder cock on the dam.
The breeding cock semen grade index and the semen quality are in strong and positive genetic correlation, the breeding cock semen quality can be improved genetically, compared with the traditional qualitative selection based on the single character or the comprehensive character of the semen quality, the method for selecting the breeding cock has the characteristics of strong operability, high selection strength, high accuracy, clear effect and the like, and the breeding of the long-tailed cock on the dam can improve the reproductive performance of the breeding cock generation by generation, accelerate the genetic progress of selection and improve the reproductive performance of the long-tailed cock on the dam.
The semen quality grade evaluation method for the cock breeders of the long tail chickens on the dam does not need to add extra measuring items and measuring instruments and equipment on the basis of the existing semen quality inspection.
Detailed Description
In order to make the content and technical solution of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following examples.
Example (b):
the method for evaluating the sperm quality grade of the cock breeder cock on the dam is characterized in that different weighted values are respectively given according to the influence of sperm motility, sperm collection amount and sperm concentration on cock breeder value, hen fertilization rate and genetic characteristics and rules thereof, and the three indexes of the sperm motility, the sperm collection amount and the sperm concentration are integrated into a cock sperm grade index:
breeder cock semen grade index of 58.42 Xsperm collection amount +78.55 Xsperm motility +1.48 Xsperm concentration, (1)
(1) In the formula: the sperm collection amount is measured by mL, the sperm motility is evaluated according to 0-1 classification grade, and the sperm concentration is measured by hundred million/mL;
the breeding cock breeding performance is judged according to the semen grade index, and the breeding cock breeding performance is better and the breeding value is higher when the semen grade index of the breeding cock is larger.
Firstly, collecting semen of a breeding cock, and evaluating at the temperature of 36-38 ℃:
1. and (3) precision harvesting: after semen collection, directly measuring with a graduated semen collection cup or a liquid transfer gun, wherein the unit is measured in mL.
2. Sperm motility: the sperm motility is observed under an electron microscope of 400 times of 200-.
3. Sperm concentration: measured by cytometry.
The determination method comprises the following steps: sucking semen to 0.5 with a blood cell counting pipette, sucking 3% sodium chloride or 2% eosin solution to 101 scale, diluting by 200 times, shaking, standing for 2-3min, removing the front 3 drops, dripping 1/2 drops on the cover glass of the counting plate, dripping into the blood cell counting plate, standing for 2-3min, and counting.
The sperm count of 1mL of semen is 5 medium square sperm counts/80 (small squares) × 10 (calculated cell height) × 400 (calculated small squares) × 200 (dilution factor) × 1000(1mL equals 1000 mm)3)。
And (3) substituting the three indexes of the sperm motility, the sperm concentration and the semen collection amount into the formula (1) to obtain the sperm quality grade index of the breeder cock.
If the semen grade index of the breeding cock is 100, the semen grade of the breeding cock is the average of the population; the semen grade index of the breeding cock is less than 100, generally, the breeding cock is not considered to be reserved for breeding and is eliminated; only the breeding cock with the semen grade index of more than 100 is considered to be reserved for breeding, and the bigger the semen grade index is, the better the reproductive performance, the better the breeding value and the reproductive potential of the breeding cock are shown.
In order to test the reliability of the sperm quality grade evaluation method for the cock breeders in the dam, the sperm quality of 4 cock breeders in the dam after sexual maturity is evaluated in the practice pasture of the academy of science and technology in North Hei.
Before semen collection, the cocks are firstly massaged and trained, and feathers around the cloaca are cut off, if the massage training has no sexual reflex, or the cocks without semen collection are directly eliminated.
Semen collection is carried out once every 4:00 pm by using a back-and-belly type massage method, semen is collected, the semen collection amount, the sperm motility and the semen concentration are sequentially measured according to the method for evaluating the semen collection amount, the sperm motility and the semen concentration of the cock breeders, the average value of three days of each index is taken as semen grade evaluation index data, and the result is shown in table 1.
TABLE 14 determination of sperm grade index of breeder cocks
From the analysis of the measurement results in the table 1, the semen grade index of the cock 1 is lower than 100, namely lower than the average level of the population, and is not generally used as a breed, the rest 3 cocks can be used as a breed according to the requirement of the breed reserving rate, if the breed reserving rate of the cock is required to be 2, the cock is sorted according to the size of the semen grade index, and the 2 cocks of the first and the second cock of the semen grade index, namely the cock 4 and the cock 3 are reserved.
Randomly dividing 90 dam-born hen bodies with similar weight at 30 weeks into 1, 2 and 3 groups, wherein each group comprises 30 hen bodies; correspondingly inseminating the cocks 2, 3 and 4 respectively, continuously inseminating for 2 days, collecting hatching eggs on the 3 rd day, and inseminating once again on the 9 th day. During insemination, because the amount of semen is small, 30 hens are generally not sufficient to be fertilized, the semen must be diluted by a factor of 30 hens which are preferably fertilized according to the actual semen collection amount. Hatching eggs are collected for 10 days to hatch, and the hatching eggs are photographed on the 10 th day of hatching, and the fertilization rate of the hatching eggs is calculated, and the result is shown in a table 2.
TABLE 2 insemination statement of cock 2, 3 and 4 insemination group breeding eggs
| Number of hens | Number of eggs hatched | Number of fertilized eggs | Rate of insemination of hatching eggs | |
| Cock 2X 1 group | 30 | 210 | 178 | 84.76％ |
| Cock 3X 2 group | 30 | 220 | 197 | 89.55％ |
| Cock 4X 3 groups | 30 | 215 | 199 | 92.56％ |
As can be seen from Table 2, the fertilization rate of the breeder cock 4 to the 3 groups of hen hatching eggs was 92.56%, which is significantly better than the fertilization rate of the breeder cock 3 to the 2 groups of hen hatching eggs of 89.55% and the fertilization rate of the breeder cock 2 to the 1 group of hen hatching eggs of 84.76%.
After the hens stop insemination for 3 weeks, in order to further eliminate the influence of hen factors on the insemination rate of hatching eggs, the breeding cock 2 and the breeding cock 4 are exchanged, the breeding cock 4 is used for 1 group of hens, the breeding cock 2 is used for 3 groups of hens, and the breeding cock 3 is not changed corresponding to 2 groups of hens, so that the insemination condition of each group of hatching eggs is shown in table 3.
TABLE 3 insemination statement of cock 2, 3 and 4 insemination groups after exchanging cock
| Number of hens | Number of eggs hatched | Number of fertilized eggs | Rate of insemination of hatching eggs | |
| Cock 2X 3 groups | 30 | 201 | 171 | 85.07％ |
| Cock 3X 2 group | 30 | 212 | 190 | 89.62％ |
| Cock 4X 1 group | 30 | 206 | 193 | 93.69％ |
As can be seen from Table 3, the fertility rate of the hatching eggs of the breeder cock group 4 is 93.69%, which is obviously better than the fertility rate of the hatching eggs of the breeder cock group 3 of 89.62% and the fertility rate of the hatching eggs of the breeder cock group 2 of 85.07%. Therefore, the breeding cocks with high semen grade indexes have high fertilization rates of hatching eggs laid by the hens for insemination, and the insemination rates of the hatching eggs of the 2, 3 and 4 groups of the breeding cocks are independent of the selected hens.
The number of the hens in the breeding cock 2 group is not changed, the insemination mode and the hatching mode are also not changed, the number of the hens in the insemination is reduced to 15, and the fertilization rate of the hatching eggs of the 2 insemination hens in 10 days is calculated to be 90.17%. It can be seen that the low insemination rate of the breeding cock 2 group hen hatching eggs is caused by the small number of effective sperm for insemination. The hatching egg insemination rate of the hens with low sperm grade indexes can be improved, and the number of the hens capable of insemination can only be reduced, namely, if the number of the hens fed is the same, the hens with low sperm grade indexes and the hens capable of insemination are used, a good hatching egg fertilization rate can only be kept, and the requirement is met.
10 sexually mature breeder cocks of 30 weeks old, 2, 3 and 4, were randomly sampled and the average value of the semen grade index was calculated, and the results are shown in Table 4.
TABLE 4 semen rating index of 10 roosters randomly drawn from 2, 3 and 4 offspring of roosters
| A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | Average | |
| Cock 2 family | 118.25 | 117.13 | 116.14 | 114.74 | 114.35 | 113.25 | 112.36 | 111.42 | 109.22 | 107.53 | 113.43 |
| Cock 3 family system | 132.86 | 132.21 | 131.11 | 131.36 | 130.77 | 129.35 | 129.05 | 128.57 | 128.31 | 127.52 | 130.11 |
| Cock 4 family system | 147.43 | 147.33 | 146.64 | 145.52 | 145.45 | 144.27 | 143.59 | 142.01 | 141.33 | 140.63 | 144.42 |
As can be seen from Table 4, the average semen rating index for the 4 offspring of the breeder cock was 144.42, which is better than the semen rating index for the 3 offspring of the cock 10 cocks 130.11 and the average semen rating index for the 2 offspring of the cock 10 cocks 113.43.
If 20% of offspring seeds are reserved in each family, the semen grade indexes of A and B of the bred cock 2 family reserved seeds are 118.25 and 117.13, which are both better than the semen grade index 113.33 of the bred cock 2, the average is 117.69, and the selection difference is 117.69-113.33-4.36. The grade indexes of A and B chicken essence liquid of 3 families of breeding cocks for breeding are 132.86 and 132.21 respectively, which are both superior to the grade index 131.43 of the cock 3, the average is 132.54, and the selection difference is 132.54-131.43 which is 1.11. The grade indexes of A and B chicken essence liquid of 4 families of breeding cocks are 147.43 and 147.33 respectively, which are both superior to the grade index of the semen 143.84 of the cock 4, the average is 147.38, and the selection difference is 147.38-143.84 which is 3.54. Therefore, although the selection difference of the breeder cocks 2, 3 and 4 families for reserving breeders is different, the semen grade indexes of the selected and reserved breeders are not changed, namely the semen grade index 147.38 of the breeder cock 4 family for reserving breeders is higher than 132.54 of the breeder cock 3 family and 117.69 of the breeder cock family 2, so that the semen quality of the breeder cocks can be improved generation by selection, and the hen breeding rate and the economic benefit of breeding hen production are improved.
Claims (1)
1. A semen grade evaluation method for a breeding cock of a long tail chicken on a dam is characterized by comprising the following steps: according to the influence of sperm motility, semen collection amount and sperm concentration on cock breeding value and hen fertilization rate and genetic characteristics, different weighting values are respectively given, and the three indexes of sperm motility, semen collection amount and sperm concentration are integrated into a breeding cock sperm grade index:
breeder cock semen grade index of 58.42 Xsperm collection amount +78.55 Xsperm motility +1.48 Xsperm concentration (1)
(1) In the formula: the sperm collection amount is measured by mL, the sperm motility is evaluated according to 0-1 classification grade, and the sperm concentration is measured by hundred million/mL;
the breeding cock semen grade index is used for judging whether the breeding performance of the evaluated cock is good or bad, and the bigger the breeding cock semen grade index is, the better the breeding performance of the cock is and the higher the breeding value is.
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101692790A (en) * | 2009-10-14 | 2010-04-14 | 浙江省农业科学院 | Method for comprehensively evaluating and selecting quality of egg shells of laying hens |
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| US20200209221A1 (en) * | 2016-12-08 | 2020-07-02 | Sigtuple Technologies Private Limited | A method and system for evaluating quality of semen sample |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101692790A (en) * | 2009-10-14 | 2010-04-14 | 浙江省农业科学院 | Method for comprehensively evaluating and selecting quality of egg shells of laying hens |
| CN105005934A (en) * | 2015-07-06 | 2015-10-28 | 广东温氏食品集团股份有限公司 | Simple method for comprehensively evaluating quality of boar semen |
| US20200209221A1 (en) * | 2016-12-08 | 2020-07-02 | Sigtuple Technologies Private Limited | A method and system for evaluating quality of semen sample |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
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| 保善等: "精液品质指标综合评定种公牛繁殖性能", 《草食家畜》 * |
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