CN112161773B - Impact test tool and impact test method for gears in main reducer of rear drive axle - Google Patents
Impact test tool and impact test method for gears in main reducer of rear drive axle Download PDFInfo
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- CN112161773B CN112161773B CN202011053272.XA CN202011053272A CN112161773B CN 112161773 B CN112161773 B CN 112161773B CN 202011053272 A CN202011053272 A CN 202011053272A CN 112161773 B CN112161773 B CN 112161773B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M7/00—Vibration-testing of structures; Shock-testing of structures
- G01M7/08—Shock-testing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M13/00—Testing of machine parts
- G01M13/02—Gearings; Transmission mechanisms
- G01M13/021—Gearings
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M13/00—Testing of machine parts
- G01M13/02—Gearings; Transmission mechanisms
- G01M13/025—Test-benches with rotational drive means and loading means; Load or drive simulation
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of drive axle test tools, in particular to an impact test tool and an impact test method for a gear in a main reducer of a rear drive axle. When this frock was gone through the simulation car, especially when the car shifts gears, the impact load that main gear, the slave gear of main reduction gear born under whole car state realizes main gear, the slave gear impact test of rear drive axle main reduction gear, optimizes for main gear, slave gear and promotes and provide experimental data and support, is favorable to promoting the use reliability of main gear, slave gear, and then improves the security that the car used.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of drive axle test tools, in particular to an impact test tool and an impact test method for a middle gear of a main speed reducer of a rear drive axle.
Background
The main gear and the driven gear of the rear drive axle main reducer are smoothly meshed without impact load when the automobile runs stably, but when the automobile shifts gears, particularly step-by-step shifting, the main gear and the driven gear of the main reducer are subjected to large impact force, and the impact force is also one of the reasons for gear fracture. At present, the impact test of a main gear and a slave gear of a main speed reducer is not required by industrial and national standards, but the conventional gear fatigue test cannot complete the impact test of a middle gear of the main speed reducer and cannot evaluate the service lives of the main gear and the slave gear of the main speed reducer.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an impact test tool for a gear in a rear drive axle main reducer, which is simple in structure and can realize impact test of a main gear and a driven gear of the rear drive axle main reducer.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: impact test frock of rear drive axle final drive gear intermediate gear, including fixed platform, swing rocking arm, supporting seat, oscillating axle, appearance piece sectional fixture, the setting can be dismantled on one side of fixed platform to the supporting seat, and the setting can be dismantled on fixed platform's another side to appearance piece sectional fixture, and swing rocking arm suit is on the oscillating axle, and the oscillating axle sets up on the supporting seat, and the oscillating axle can swing on the supporting seat.
Furthermore, mounting sliding grooves are formed in two sides of the fixed platform, the supporting seat is arranged on the fixed platform through a first bolt, and the head of the first bolt is arranged in the mounting sliding grooves;
the sample piece mounting fixture is arranged on the fixing platform through a second bolt, and the head of the second bolt is arranged in the mounting chute.
Further, the supporting seat comprises two supporting bodies, the two supporting bodies are respectively located on two sides of the swinging rocker arm, bearings are arranged in the supporting bodies, and the swinging shaft penetrates through the bearings in a matching mode.
Furthermore, the swing shaft device further comprises a connecting flange, and one end of the connecting flange is connected with one end of the swing shaft.
Further, the swing shaft device further comprises a torque sensor, and the torque sensor is connected with the swing shaft.
Furthermore, the torque sensor is a flange type sensor, one end of the torque sensor is connected with one end of the connecting flange, and the other end of the torque sensor is connected with one end of the swinging shaft.
Further, the sample piece mounting fixture comprises a fixture body and two supporting brackets, the two supporting brackets are arranged on the fixed platform, the fixture body is arranged on the two supporting brackets, and the fixture body comprises a fixture frame, an upper clamping support, a lower clamping upright post, a left limiting half shaft and a right limiting half shaft;
external threads are arranged on the outer surfaces of the upper clamping support and the lower clamping support, a first threaded hole is formed in the upper portion of the clamp frame, a second threaded hole is formed in the lower portion of the clamp frame, a first through hole is formed in the left portion of the clamp frame, and a second through hole is formed in the right portion of the clamp frame;
go up to step up the pillar and match and pass first screw hole setting, step up the pillar and match and pass the setting of second screw hole down, left side restriction semi-axis passes first through-hole setting, and the left part of left side restriction semi-axis through third bolt and anchor clamps frame can be dismantled and be connected, and right side restriction semi-axis passes the setting of second through-hole, and the right part of right side restriction semi-axis through fourth bolt and anchor clamps frame can be dismantled and be connected.
Further, the clamp frame is formed by sequentially connecting four steel plates end to end.
In addition, the technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a method for realizing the impact test of the main gear and the auxiliary gear of the main speed reducer of the rear drive axle.
The impact test method of the gears in the main speed reducer of the rear drive axle comprises the following steps:
a. installing and fixing a rear drive axle main reducer on the tool for the rear drive axle main reducer impact test, wherein the rear drive axle main reducer is installed in a sample piece installation clamp, the sample piece installation clamp enables a slave gear and a planetary gear not to rotate, and an input shaft of a main gear is connected with one end of an oscillating shaft;
b. the swing rocker arm swings back and forth by adopting a driving device to carry out an impact test, and the driving force of the driving device is 0.1Mpe
-2MpeTherein, wherein
MpeTo calculate the torque, MemaxMaximum output torque of engine, ik1At 1 speed ratio, ip1For low gear ratio of transfer case, n1Is the number of drive axles.
Preferably, in step b, the driving force of the driving device is distributed according to a sine, the frequency of the swing rocker swinging back and forth is 1-2Hz, and the number of times of the swing rocker swinging back and forth is 5 ten thousand.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention discloses an impact test tool for a gear in a main reducer of a rear drive axle, which comprises a fixed platform, a swing rocker arm, a supporting seat, a swing shaft and a sample piece mounting clamp, wherein the supporting seat and the sample piece mounting clamp are detachably arranged on the fixed platform, the swing rocker arm is sleeved on the swing shaft, the swing shaft is arranged on the supporting seat, and the swing shaft can swing back and forth on the supporting seat. When the main gear and the slave gear of the main reducer of the rear drive axle are subjected to impact tests, the main reducer is firstly installed and fixed in a sample installation clamp, the sample installation clamp fixes the main reducer and fixes the planetary gear in the main reducer, so that the slave gear and the planetary gear cannot rotate during the tests, then one end of a swinging shaft is connected with an input shaft of the main gear, finally, a swinging rocker arm swings back and forth through a driving device to perform the impact tests, and the impact loads borne by the main gear and the slave gear of the main reducer in the state of a whole automobile are simulated during the running of the automobile, particularly during the gear shifting of the automobile, so that the impact tests of the main gear and the slave gear of the main reducer of the rear drive axle are completed. Therefore, the impact test tool and the impact test method for the gears in the main reducer of the rear drive axle are simple in structure and convenient to operate, impact tests of the main gear and the auxiliary gear of the main reducer of the rear drive axle are realized, the service lives of the main gear and the auxiliary gear are detected, test data support is provided for optimizing and improving the main gear and the auxiliary gear, the use reliability of the main gear and the auxiliary gear is improved, and the use safety of an automobile is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention at the time of testing;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the clamp body during testing;
FIG. 3 is a schematic side view of the clamp body during testing;
the mark is: the device comprises a fixed platform 1, an installation chute 11, a swing rocker arm 2, a supporting seat 3, a swing shaft 4, a sample installation clamp 5, a clamp body 51, a clamp frame 511, an upper clamping support 512, a lower clamping support 513, a left limiting half shaft 514, a right limiting half shaft 515, a supporting bracket 52, a connecting flange 6, a torque sensor 7 and a main speed reducer 8.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and detailed description.
As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the impact test tool for the gear in the main reducer of the rear drive axle comprises a fixed platform 1, a swing rocker arm 2, a supporting seat 3, a swing shaft 4 and a sample piece mounting fixture 5, wherein the supporting seat 3 is detachably arranged on one side of the fixed platform 1, the sample piece mounting fixture 5 is detachably arranged on the other side of the fixed platform 1, the swing rocker arm 2 is sleeved on the swing shaft 4, the swing shaft 4 is arranged on the supporting seat 3, and the swing shaft 4 can swing on the supporting seat 3.
Specifically, in order to ensure the accuracy of the impact test, the center lines of the swing shaft 4 and the sample mounting jig 5 are on the same straight line. In order to enable the tool provided by the invention to be suitable for carrying out impact tests on various models of rear drive axle main reducers, the supporting seat 3 and the sample piece mounting clamp 5 can be adjusted in position according to actual conditions, and as shown in fig. 1, mounting chutes 11 are arranged on two sides of the fixed platform 1, the supporting seat 3 is arranged on the fixed platform 1 through a first bolt, and the head of the first bolt is arranged in the mounting chute 11; the sample mounting jig 5 is disposed on the fixing platform 1 by a second bolt, and a head of the second bolt is disposed in the mounting chute 11. The adjustment of the mounting positions of the support base 3 and the sample piece mounting fixture 5 is realized through different positions of the head of the first bolt and the head of the second bolt in the mounting chute 11.
In order to improve the supporting effect of the supporting seat 3 and facilitate the swinging of the swinging shaft 4 on the supporting seat 3, the supporting seat 3 comprises two supporting bodies which are respectively positioned at two sides of the swinging rocker arm 2, a bearing is arranged in the supporting bodies, and the swinging shaft 4 is arranged by penetrating through the bearing in a matching way.
Because the connecting end part of the input shaft of the main gear is usually provided with a flange, in order to facilitate the connection of one end of the oscillating shaft 4 and the input shaft of the main gear, a connecting flange 6 is also arranged, one end of the connecting flange 6 is connected with one end of the oscillating shaft 4 and is connected with the flange of the input shaft of the main gear through the connecting flange 6 and bolts, so that the oscillating shaft 4 and the input shaft of the main gear are connected together.
In order to measure the torque generated by the oscillating shaft 4 during the impact test and further obtain the impact load born by the main gear and the auxiliary gear of the main speed reducer 8, the invention is also provided with a torque sensor 7, and the torque sensor 7 is connected with the oscillating shaft 4. In order to facilitate the installation of the torque sensor 7, the torque sensor 7 is a flange type sensor, one end of the torque sensor 7 is connected with one end of the connecting flange 6, and the other end of the torque sensor 7 is connected with one end of the swinging shaft 4, that is, the torque sensor 7 is arranged between the swinging shaft 4 and the connecting flange 6.
The sample mounting jig 5 is mainly used for fixing the main reducer 8, so that the main reducer 8 is not only fixed as a whole, but also the slave gear and the planetary gear cannot rotate during the test, and as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the sample mounting jig 5 preferably has the structure:
the sample piece mounting clamp 5 comprises a clamp body 51 and two support brackets 52, wherein the two support brackets 52 are arranged on the fixed platform 1, the clamp body 51 is arranged on the two support brackets 52, and the clamp body 51 comprises a clamp frame 511, an upper clamping support 512, a lower clamping upright 513, a left limiting half shaft 514 and a right limiting half shaft 515; the outer surface of the upper clamping pillar 512 and the lower clamping pillar 513 is provided with external threads, the upper part of the clamp frame 511 is provided with a first threaded hole, the lower part of the clamp frame 511 is provided with a second threaded hole, the left part of the clamp frame 511 is provided with a first through hole, and the right part of the clamp frame 511 is provided with a second through hole: go up to step up the pillar 512 and match and pass the setting of first screw hole, step up the pillar 513 and match and pass the setting of second screw hole down, left side restriction semi-axis 514 passes the setting of first through-hole, and left side restriction semi-axis 514 passes through the third bolt and can dismantle with the left part of anchor clamps frame 511 and be connected, and right side restriction semi-axis 515 passes the setting of second through-hole, and right side restriction semi-axis 515 passes through the fourth bolt and can dismantle with the right part of anchor clamps frame 511 and be connected. When in use, the main reducer 8 is placed in the middle of the clamp frame 511; then the upper clamping strut 512 moves downwards through the screw thread until the upper clamping strut abuts against the shell of the main speed reducer 8, the lower clamping upright 513 moves upwards through the screw thread until the lower clamping upright abuts against the shell of the main speed reducer 8, and the main speed reducer 8 is integrally fixed through the upper clamping strut 512 and the lower clamping upright 513; finally, the left limiting half shaft 514 is connected with the planetary gear through a spline, and the right limiting half shaft 515 is connected with the planetary gear through a spline, so that the driven gear and the planetary gear cannot rotate. In order to facilitate the machining and use of the jig frame 511, the jig frame 511 is preferably formed by connecting four steel plates end to end.
The impact test method of the gears in the main reducer of the rear drive axle comprises the following steps:
a. a rear drive axle main reducer is installed and fixed on the tool for the rear drive axle main reducer impact test, as shown in fig. 1, wherein a rear drive axle main reducer 8 is installed in a sample piece installation clamp 5, the sample piece installation clamp 5 prevents a slave gear and a planetary gear from rotating, and an input shaft of a master gear is connected with one end of an oscillating shaft 4;
b. the swing rocker arm 2 swings back and forth by adopting a driving device to carry out an impact test, and the driving force of the driving device is 0.1Mpe-2MpeTherein, wherein
MpeTo calculate the torque, MemaxMaximum output torque of engine, ik1At 1 speed ratio, ip1For low gear ratio of transfer case, n1Is the number of drive axles.
Through a great deal of experiments and practices, the impact load range of the main gear and the auxiliary gear of the main speed reducer of the rear drive axle is about 0.4M when the automobile runspe-1.7MpeIn between, an impact test was conductedThe driving force of the driving device is set at 0.1Mpe-2MpeThe impact force of the main gear and the driven gear in the actual running process can be well reflected, and the driving device can be hydraulic equipment and pneumatic equipment. Furthermore, in order to ensure the accuracy of the test, in the step b, the driving force of the driving device is distributed according to a sine wave, the frequency of the swing rocker arm 2 swinging back and forth is 1-2Hz, the frequency of the swing rocker arm 2 swinging back and forth is 5 ten thousand, and after the frequency of the swing rocker arm 2 swinging back and forth is 5 ten thousand, whether the gears of the main reducer are broken, crushed, seriously peeled, seriously pitting and the like is observed. Before the impact test is carried out, the meshing imprints among all gears in the main speed reducer are observed and recorded, so that the impact test is conveniently carried out, and then the comparison is carried out to draw corresponding conclusions.
According to the impact test tool for the gear in the main reducer of the rear drive axle, provided by the invention, the impact load borne by the main gear and the auxiliary gear is basically the same as the impact load borne by the main gear and the auxiliary gear in the driving process, and the reliability of the obtained test data is high. Therefore, the tool for the impact test of the main reducer of the rear drive axle is simple in structure and convenient to operate, the impact test of the main gear and the auxiliary gear of the main reducer 8 of the rear drive axle is realized, test data support is provided for optimizing and improving the main gear and the auxiliary gear, the use reliability of the main gear and the auxiliary gear is improved, and the use safety of an automobile is improved.
Claims (9)
1. Impact test frock of rear drive axle final drive reducer intermediate gear, its characterized in that: the device comprises a fixed platform (1), a swing rocker (2), a supporting seat (3), a swing shaft (4) and a sample piece mounting fixture (5), wherein the supporting seat (3) is detachably arranged on one side of the fixed platform (1), the sample piece mounting fixture (5) is detachably arranged on the other side of the fixed platform (1), the swing rocker (2) is sleeved on the swing shaft (4), the swing shaft (4) is arranged on the supporting seat (3), and the swing shaft (4) can swing on the supporting seat (3);
the sample piece mounting clamp (5) comprises a clamp body (51) and two supporting brackets (52), wherein the two supporting brackets (52) are arranged on the fixed platform (1), the clamp body (51) is arranged on the two supporting brackets (52), and the clamp body (51) comprises a clamp frame (511), an upper clamping support column (512), a lower clamping upright column (513), a left limiting half shaft (514) and a right limiting half shaft (515);
external threads are arranged on the outer surfaces of the upper clamping strut (512) and the lower clamping strut (513), a first threaded hole is formed in the upper portion of the clamp frame (511), a second threaded hole is formed in the lower portion of the clamp frame (511), a first through hole is formed in the left portion of the clamp frame (511), and a second through hole is formed in the right portion of the clamp frame (511);
the upper tightening pillar (512) is matched with and penetrates through a first threaded hole, the lower tightening pillar (513) is matched with and penetrates through a second threaded hole, the left limiting half shaft (514) penetrates through a first through hole, the left limiting half shaft (514) is detachably connected with the left part of the clamp frame (511) through a third bolt, the right limiting half shaft (515) penetrates through a second through hole, and the right limiting half shaft (515) is detachably connected with the right part of the clamp frame (511) through a fourth bolt.
2. The impact test tool for the gears in the main reducer of the rear drive axle according to claim 1, characterized in that: mounting chutes (11) are arranged on two sides of the fixed platform (1), the supporting seat (3) is arranged on the fixed platform (1) through a first bolt, and the head of the first bolt is arranged in the mounting chutes (11);
the sample piece mounting clamp (5) is arranged on the fixed platform (1) through a second bolt, and the head of the second bolt is arranged in the mounting chute (11).
3. The impact test tool for the gears in the main speed reducer of the rear drive axle according to claim 1, characterized in that: the supporting seat (3) comprises two supporting bodies, the two supporting bodies are respectively positioned on two sides of the swing rocker arm (2), bearings are arranged in the supporting bodies, and the swing shaft (4) penetrates through the bearings in a matching mode.
4. The impact test tool for the gears in the main speed reducer of the rear drive axle according to claim 1, characterized in that: the swing shaft is characterized by further comprising a connecting flange (6), wherein one end of the connecting flange (6) is connected with one end of the swing shaft (4).
5. The impact test tool for the gears in the main reducer of the rear drive axle according to claim 4, characterized in that: the swing shaft device further comprises a torque sensor (7), and the torque sensor (7) is connected with the swing shaft (4).
6. The impact test tool for the gears in the main reducer of the rear drive axle according to claim 5, characterized in that: the torque sensor (7) is a flange type sensor, one end of the torque sensor (7) is connected with one end of the connecting flange (6), and the other end of the torque sensor is connected with one end of the swinging shaft (4).
7. The impact test tool for the gears in the main speed reducer of the rear drive axle according to claim 1, characterized in that: the clamp frame (511) is formed by sequentially connecting four steel plates end to end.
8. The impact test method for the gears in the main speed reducer of the rear drive axle is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
a. the rear drive axle main reducer is installed and fixed on the tool for the impact test of the rear drive axle main reducer according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the rear drive axle main reducer (8) is installed in a sample piece installation clamp (5), the sample piece installation clamp (5) enables a slave gear and a planetary gear not to rotate, and an input shaft of a master gear is connected with one end of an oscillating shaft (4);
b. the swing rocker arm (2) swings back and forth by adopting a driving device to carry out an impact test, and the driving force of the driving device is 0.1Mpe-2MpeTherein, wherein
MpeTo calculate the torque, MemaxMaximum output torque of engine, ik1At 1 speed ratio, ip1For low gear ratio of transfer case, n1Is the number of drive axles.
9. The impact test method for the gears in the final drive of the rear drive axle according to claim 8, characterized in that: in the step b, the driving force of the driving device is distributed according to sine, the frequency of the swing rocker arm (2) swinging back and forth is 1-2Hz, and the frequency of the swing rocker arm (2) swinging back and forth is 5 ten thousand times.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011053272.XA CN112161773B (en) | 2020-09-29 | 2020-09-29 | Impact test tool and impact test method for gears in main reducer of rear drive axle |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202011053272.XA CN112161773B (en) | 2020-09-29 | 2020-09-29 | Impact test tool and impact test method for gears in main reducer of rear drive axle |
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| CN112161773A CN112161773A (en) | 2021-01-01 |
| CN112161773B true CN112161773B (en) | 2022-11-01 |
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| CN113063588B (en) * | 2021-04-07 | 2022-11-15 | 四川建安工业有限责任公司 | Independent main NVH bench test fixing tool |
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