CN112161728B - Double-functional type calibration device and method for transient heat flow meter - Google Patents
Double-functional type calibration device and method for transient heat flow meter Download PDFInfo
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- CN112161728B CN112161728B CN202010918231.6A CN202010918231A CN112161728B CN 112161728 B CN112161728 B CN 112161728B CN 202010918231 A CN202010918231 A CN 202010918231A CN 112161728 B CN112161728 B CN 112161728B
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of sensor calibration, and particularly relates to a dual-function type calibration device and method for a transient heat flow meter. The device comprises a semiconductor laser system, an optical fiber collimating lens, a variable-power laser beam expanding lens, a mechanical shutter and a heat flow meter mounting base which are sequentially connected and arranged on an optical platform; the heat flow meter mounting base is provided with a standard heat flow meter and a heat flow meter to be calibrated; the semiconductor laser system has three working modes of continuous, pulse and single pulse, and can generate stable continuous heat flow, pulse heat flow and step heat flow by matching with a mechanical shutter, so that the calibration of the sensitivity and the rise time of a heat flow meter is realized. The semiconductor laser adopted by the invention has three working modes of continuous, pulse and single pulse, and can generate stable continuous heat flow, pulse heat flow and step heat flow by matching with a mechanical shutter, and the calibration of the static characteristic calibration and the dynamic characteristic calibration of the transient heat flow meter can be realized on the same device.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of sensor calibration, and particularly relates to a dual-function type calibration device and method for a transient heat flow meter.
Background
The transient heat flow meter can measure the instantaneously changed heat flow density, and is mainly used for scientific research in the fields of national defense, military industry and the like. The accuracy of the calibration result of the heat flow sensor, which is a primary sensitive device of the heat flow meter, is the most critical factor for determining the accuracy of the measurement result of the heat flow meter, so that the heat flow meter needs to be calibrated before being shipped or after being used for a period of time. The calibration of the transient heat flow meter mainly calibrates the sensitivity and the rise time of the transient heat flow meter, the sensitivity calibration method comprises an absolute method and a comparison method, the rise time calibration belongs to dynamic calibration, and the previous heat flow meter calibration equipment cannot simultaneously calibrate the sensitivity and the rise time of the transient heat flow meter. The sensitivity calibration of the heat flow meter generally uses a blackbody furnace, a quartz lamp, a high-temperature graphite flat plate, a continuous laser and the like, and the rising time calibration generally uses a pulse laser.
The range of the light spot generated by the existing continuous laser for calibrating the heat flow meter is not adjustable, and 1MW/m needs to be generated for calibrating a large amount of Cheng Shuntai heat flow meters 2 The continuous laser capable of generating the heat flow of the magnitude order has high power and large heat emission, the temperature of the laser is high, the laser can normally work only by cooling the laser by a water cooling system, and the service life of the laser is shortened by the overhigh temperature. In addition, the existing laser has high requirement on the precision of the light path and is complicated in adjustment process.
In a word, in the prior art, for calibrating the sensitivity and the rise time of the transient heat flow meter, a heat flow device capable of generating continuous stable heat flow and a heat flow device capable of generating transient heat flow are respectively adopted, that is, the calibration of the sensitivity and the rise time of the transient heat flow meter can be realized only by a static device and a dynamic device, so that the calibration cost is high, the process is complicated, and the calibration system is complex.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a calibrating device for realizing static characteristic calibration (sensitivity, linearity and the like) and dynamic characteristic calibration (rise time) of a transient heat flow meter on the same device.
The technical solution for realizing the purpose of the invention is as follows: a kind of transient state heat flow meter dual-functional type calibrating installation, including the semiconductor laser system set in optical platform that connects sequentially, the fiber collimator lens, the laser beam expander lens of the zooming, mechanical shutter and heat flow meter mount pad;
the heat flow meter mounting base is provided with a standard heat flow meter and a heat flow meter to be calibrated;
the semiconductor laser system has three working modes of continuous, pulse and single pulse, and can generate stable continuous heat flow, pulse heat flow and step heat flow by matching with a mechanical shutter, so that the calibration of the sensitivity and the rise time of a heat flow meter is realized.
Furthermore, the side the place ahead of heat flow meter mounting base is equipped with the industry camera that is used for monitoring the facula, and the visualization to the facula is realized to image processing software to industry camera connection.
Furthermore, the position and the height of the zoom laser beam expander, the mechanical shutter and the heat flow meter mounting base on the optical platform are adjustable.
Furthermore, the zoom laser beam expander has 2-6 times beam expanding capacity, and is matched with a semiconductor laser system to realize 2kW/m 2 To 2MW/m 2 The heat flux density within the range is adjustable.
Further, the semiconductor laser system comprises a laser case, an optical fiber and an optical fiber connector.
Furthermore, the variable-power laser beam expander is arranged on the optical platform through a variable-power laser beam expander support, and the variable-power laser beam expander support comprises a second base and a second threaded support;
the zoom laser beam expander is connected with a second threaded support column through a threaded hole at the bottom), the second threaded support column is connected with a second base, the second base is movably arranged on the optical platform, and the height of the zoom laser beam expander is adjustable through adjusting the connection of the threaded hole and the second threaded support column.
Furthermore, the optical fiber collimating mirror is arranged on the optical platform through an optical fiber collimating mirror supporting piece, and the optical fiber collimating mirror supporting piece comprises a first base, a first threaded support, a square support and a sleeve;
one end of the optical fiber collimating mirror is connected with the optical fiber connector through an SMA905 connector, the other end of the optical fiber collimating mirror is in threaded connection with an inner hole of a sleeve, the sleeve is in clearance fit with the inner hole on a square supporting block, a threaded hole on the square supporting block is connected with a first threaded support, the first threaded support is connected with a first base, and the first base is movably arranged on the optical platform;
and the other end of the sleeve is connected with a zoom laser beam expanding lens.
Further, the heat flow meter mounting base is disposed on the optical platform by a heat flow meter support, the heat flow meter support comprising a third mount and a third threaded post;
the heat flow meter mounting base is in threaded connection with a third threaded support, the third threaded support is mounted on a third base, and the third base is movably mounted on the optical platform.
A method for calibrating by using the calibration device comprises three calibration modes, namely a stable continuous heat flow mode, a pulse heat flow mode and a step heat flow mode, and specifically comprises the following steps:
stable continuous heat flow mode:
the mechanical shutter is normally opened, continuous stable heat flow is continuously radiated to the surfaces of a standard heat flow meter and a heat flow meter to be calibrated, the heat flow meter generates corresponding voltage signals, the heat flow density of the stable heat flow is adjusted, the heat flow meter generates different voltage signals, the steps are repeated, and different voltage signals and heat flow densities form a calibration curve to realize the calibration of the sensitivity of the heat flow meter;
pulsed heat flow mode:
opening a mechanical shutter, adjusting the pulse width of a laser to be larger than the rise time of a heat flow meter, adjusting the power of the laser to enable the heat flux density of a laser beam to reach at least half of the measuring range of the heat flow meter, selecting a single-pulse mode to generate a pulse heat flux signal, and outputting a response curve by the heat flow meter to realize calibration of the rise time of the heat flow meter;
step heat flow mode:
closing the mechanical shutter, adjusting the laser to be in a continuous working mode, adjusting the power of the laser to enable the heat flux density of the laser beam to reach at least half of the measuring range of the heat flow meter, selecting the continuous mode, generating a continuous heat flux signal, opening the mechanical shutter at the moment, enabling the continuous heat flux signal with certain power to pass through the mechanical shutter 6 to be instantaneously radiated on the heat flow meter, namely the heat flow meter receives step heat flux, generating step response, outputting a response curve and realizing calibration of the rising time of the heat flow meter.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the remarkable advantages that:
(1) Because the pulse laser and the continuous laser can only realize one controllable heat flux, the semiconductor laser adopted by the invention has three working modes of continuous, pulse and single pulse, and can generate stable continuous heat flow, pulse heat flow and step heat flow by matching with a mechanical shutter, the calibration of the static characteristics (sensitivity, linearity and the like) and the calibration of the dynamic characteristics (rise time) of the transient heat flow meter can be realized on the same device, and the device can also be used for the calibration of the static characteristics of the steady heat flow meter.
(2) The device adopts the variable-magnification beam expander, realizes the adjustment of the area size of a light spot, and can generate a semiconductor laser with smaller power by matching with the variable-magnification beam expander
The heat flux density reduces the power of the laser, and a water cooling system is not needed, so that the structure of the laser is simplified; on the other hand, the variable magnification beam expander is matched with the power modulation of the laser, so that the purpose of modulating the power of the beam expander is achieved>
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The heat flow density in the range can be adjusted, and the static characteristic calibration requirement of a large number of Cheng Shuntai heat flow meters is met.
(3) The device adopts the industrial camera and the image processing software as the light spot positioning monitoring module, realizes that infrared light spots invisible to naked eyes can be seen in the calibration device, and further cooperates with the position adjusting module of the heat flow meter, thereby realizing the light spot position adjusting function, ensuring that the heat flow meter is in the range of the infrared light spots, realizing the visualization and real-time adjustment of the light spot position and simplifying the adjusting difficulty of the light path.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a dual-function type calibrating apparatus for a transient heat flow meter according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the laser output and collimating portion of the calibration device of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a beam expander of the calibration apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a heat flow meter support for the calibration device of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a mechanical shutter of the calibration apparatus of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a graph of voltage signals output by a calibrated heat flow meter during calibration of static characteristics, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a heat flux density signal output by the heat flow meter to be calibrated during dynamic calibration according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Description of the reference numerals:
1-semiconductor laser system, 2-fiber alignment mirror, 3-fiber alignment mirror support, 4-zoom laser beam expander, 5-zoom laser beam expander support, 6-mechanical shutter, 7-mechanical shutter support bar, 8-heat flux meter mounting base, 9-heat flux meter support, 10-standard heat flux meter, 11-heat flux meter to be calibrated, 12-industrial camera, 13-optical platform, 14-laser case, 15-optical fiber, 16-optical fiber connector, 17-first base, 18-first threaded post, 19-square support, 20-sleeve, 21-second base, 22-second threaded post, 23-third base, 24-third threaded post, 25-fourth base.
Detailed Description
In order to better explain the technical scheme of the invention, the invention will be further explained by the accompanying drawings and examples.
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the transient heat flow meter dual-function type calibration apparatus in this embodiment includes a semiconductor laser system 1, a fiber collimating mirror 2, a fiber collimating mirror support 3, a variable magnification laser beam expander 4, a variable magnification laser beam expander support 5, a mechanical shutter 6, a mechanical shutter support rod 7, a heat flow meter mounting base 8, a heat flow meter support 9, a standard heat flow meter 10, a heat flow meter to be calibrated 11, an industrial camera 12, an optical platform 13, and a data acquisition system.
Semiconductor laser system 1 produces controllable heat and flows through optical fiber transmission to the optical fiber head, because laser goes out to the optical fiber head and has certain divergence, need pass through the line collimation through optical fiber collimating mirror 2, laser heat flow through the collimation transmits zoom laser beam expanding mirror 4, zoom laser beam expanding mirror 4 has 2 to 6 times and expands the beam ability, laser facula maximum diameter can reach 24mm, mechanical shutter 6 behind the beam expanding mirror is normally open when static calibration, the facula radiation is on standard heat flow meter and the heat flow meter of waiting to calibrate.
Before the calibration of the dual-function type calibration device for the transient heat flow meter in the embodiment, a plurality of preparation works are required to be carried out: fixing the standard heat flow meter 10 and the heat flow meter 11 to be calibrated in the heat flow meter mounting base 8 by using a fixing nut, connecting a third base 23 together by using a third threaded support 24, adjusting the height of a rod to a proper position by rotating the third threaded support 24, and moving the third base 23 to ensure that light spots are completely irradiated on the surface of the heat flow meter; the industrial camera 12 is arranged on the surface of the heat flow meter before the test is started, and the area and the position of a laser spot are detected; before calibration, the zoom laser beam expander 4 is adjusted to 6 times for expanding, and the laser spot keeps the maximum diameter; mechanical shutter 6 closes always before the calibration, and laser fiber head passes through SMA905 interface connection with optic fibre collimating mirror 2 well before the calibration, and optic fibre collimating mirror 2 is connected with the cooperation of sleeve 20 clearing hole, and sleeve 20 cooperates with optic fibre collimating mirror support piece 3, and zoom laser beam expander lens 4 cooperates with zoom laser beam expander lens support piece 5, through adjusting the height of screw pillar regulation optic fibre collimating mirror 2 and zoom laser beam expander lens 4. The positions of the optical fiber collimating lens 2 and the zoom laser beam expanding lens 4 are adjusted through the first base 17 and the second base 21, so that the laser beam and the zoom beam expanding lens are coaxial, and the incident end of the sleeve 20 and the incident end of the zoom laser beam expanding lens 4 are attached.
The calibration process of three calibration modes of the double-function type calibration device for the transient heat flow meter is as follows:
stable continuous heat flow mode:
the difunctional type calibrating device of transient state heat flow meter carries out that mechanical shutter 6 is normally opened when the static characteristic is calibrated, guarantees that continuous stable heat flow continuously radiates to standard heat flow meter 10 and wait to calibrate on the surface of heat flow meter 11, and the heat flow meter produces corresponding voltage signal, adjusts the heat flow density of stabilizing the heat flow, and the heat flow meter produces different voltage signal, repeats above-mentioned step, and different voltage signal (fig. 6) and heat flow density form the calibration curve, have realized the calibration of heat flow meter sensitivity. The heat flux density of the laser beam is realized by adjusting the power of the laser and the multiplying power of the beam expander 4.
Static calibration procedure: connecting lines of all instruments, connecting the instruments with electricity, charging a standard heat flow meter amplifier in advance, zeroing the amplifier, and preheating the semiconductor laser system 1 for 5 minutes in advance; recording the room temperature and the gain multiple of the amplifier; observing the position of invisible laser through an infrared mode of the industrial camera 12 to ensure that laser spots completely irradiate on a receiving end of the heat flow meter; setting the working mode of the laser source as a continuous mode, starting laser power of 1W, and setting parameters of a data acquisition system; and (3) turning on a power key on the semiconductor laser system 1, adjusting a power knob to change the power according to a certain rule, recording calibration data, and analyzing and sorting.
Pulsed heat flow mode:
the double-function type calibrating device of the transient heat flow meter is used for calibrating the dynamic characteristic, and generating a pulse heat flow signal to calibrate the rising time of the heat flow meter.
Specifically, the mechanical shutter 6 is opened, the pulse width of the laser is adjusted to be larger than the rise time of the heat flow meter, the power of the laser is adjusted, so that the heat flux density of the laser beam reaches at least half of the measuring range of the heat flow meter, a single-pulse mode is selected, a pulse heat flux signal is generated, the heat flow meter outputs a response curve (fig. 7), and calibration of the rise time of the heat flow meter is achieved.
Step heat flow mode
The double-function type calibration device of the transient heat flow meter is used for calibrating the dynamic characteristic, and generating a step heat flow signal to calibrate the rising time of the heat flow meter.
Specifically, the mechanical shutter 6 is closed, the laser is adjusted to be in a continuous working mode, the power of the laser is adjusted, so that the heat flux density of the laser beam reaches at least half of the measuring range of the heat flow meter, the continuous mode is selected, a continuous heat flux signal is generated, the mechanical shutter 6 is opened at the moment, the continuous heat flux signal with certain power passes through the mechanical shutter 6 and is instantaneously radiated on the heat flow meter, namely, the heat flow meter receives step heat flux, a step response is generated, a response curve is output, and calibration of the rise time of the heat flow meter is realized.
Claims (7)
1. A method for calibrating by using a transient heat flow meter dual-function type calibrating device is characterized in that the transient heat flow meter dual-function type calibrating device comprises a semiconductor laser system (1), an optical fiber collimating mirror (2), a zoom laser beam expanding mirror (4), a mechanical shutter (6) and a heat flow meter mounting base (8) which are sequentially connected and arranged on an optical platform (13); the heat flow meter mounting base (8) is provided with a standard heat flow meter (10) and a heat flow meter (11) to be calibrated; the zoom laser beam expander (4) has 2-6 times of beam expanding capacity and is matched with the semiconductor laser system (1) to realize 2kW/m 2 To 2MW/m 2 The heat flux density within the range is adjustable; the semiconductor laser system (1) has three working modes of continuous, pulse and single pulse, and can generate stable continuous heat flow, pulse heat flow and step heat flow by matching with a mechanical shutter (6), so that the calibration of the sensitivity and the rise time of a heat flow meter is realized;
the working mode comprises three calibration modes of a stable continuous heat flow mode, a pulse heat flow mode and a step heat flow mode, and specifically comprises the following steps:
stable continuous heat flow mode:
the mechanical shutter (6) is normally opened, continuous stable heat flow is continuously radiated to the surfaces of a standard heat flow meter (10) and a heat flow meter (11) to be calibrated, the heat flow meter generates corresponding voltage signals, the heat flow density of the stable heat flow is adjusted, the heat flow meter generates different voltage signals, the steps are repeated, and different voltage signals and different heat flow densities form a calibration curve to realize the calibration of the sensitivity of the heat flow meter;
pulsed heat flow mode:
opening a mechanical shutter (6), adjusting the pulse width of a laser to be larger than the rising time of a heat flow meter, adjusting the power of the laser to enable the heat flow density of a laser beam to reach at least half of the measuring range of the heat flow meter, selecting a single pulse mode to generate a pulse heat flow signal, and outputting a response curve by the heat flow meter to realize the calibration of the rising time of the heat flow meter;
step heat flow mode:
closing a mechanical shutter (6), adjusting the laser to be in a continuous working mode, adjusting the power of the laser to enable the heat flux density of a laser beam to reach at least half of the measuring range of a heat flow meter, selecting the continuous mode, generating a continuous heat flux signal, opening the mechanical shutter (6), and instantaneously radiating the continuous heat flux signal with certain power on the heat flow meter through the mechanical shutter (6), namely the heat flow meter receives step heat flux, generates a step response, outputs a response curve and realizes calibration of the rise time of the heat flow meter.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the fiber optic collimator lens (2) is arranged on the optical bench by a fiber optic collimator lens support (3), the fiber optic collimator lens support (3) comprising a first seat (17), a first threaded post (18), a square support (19) and a sleeve (20);
one end of the optical fiber collimating mirror (2) is connected with an optical fiber connector (16) through an SMA905 connector, the other end of the optical fiber collimating mirror is in threaded connection with an inner hole of a sleeve (20), the sleeve (20) is in clearance fit with the inner hole on a square support (19), a threaded hole on the square support (19) is connected with a first threaded support (18), the first threaded support (18) is connected with a first base (17), and the first base (17) is movably arranged on an optical platform (13);
the other end of the sleeve (20) is connected with a zoom laser beam expander (4).
3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that an industrial camera (12) for monitoring the light spot is arranged in front of the side of the heat flow meter mounting base (8), and the industrial camera (12) is connected with image processing software to realize the visualization of the light spot.
4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that the position and height of the zoom laser beam expander lens (4), the mechanical shutter (6) and the heat flow meter mounting base (8) on the optical platform are adjustable.
5. A method according to claim 4, characterized in that the semiconductor laser system (1) comprises a laser chassis (14), an optical fiber (15) and an optical fiber connector (16).
6. The method according to claim 5, wherein the variable magnification laser beam expander lens (4) is arranged on the optical platform by a variable magnification laser beam expander lens support (5), the variable magnification laser beam expander lens support (5) comprising a second mount (21) and a second threaded post (22);
the zooming laser beam expander (4) is connected with a second threaded support column (22) through a threaded hole in the bottom, the second threaded support column (22) is connected with a second base (21), the second base (21) is movably installed on an optical platform (13), and the height of the zooming laser beam expander (4) is adjustable through connection of an adjusting threaded hole and the second threaded support column (22).
7. Method according to claim 6, characterized in that the heat flow meter mounting base (8) is arranged on the optical bench (13) by a heat flow meter support (9), the heat flow meter support (9) comprising a third mount (23) and a third threaded post (24);
the heat flow meter mounting base (8) is in threaded connection with a third threaded support column (24), the third threaded support column (24) is mounted on a third base (23), and the third base (23) is movably mounted on the optical platform (13).
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US6679625B2 (en) * | 2001-12-17 | 2004-01-20 | International Business Machines Corporation | Scanning heat flow probe |
| CN201426003Y (en) * | 2009-05-13 | 2010-03-17 | 深圳市大族激光科技股份有限公司 | Detachable pump collimating device |
| CN101858797B (en) * | 2010-05-07 | 2012-05-30 | 大连交通大学 | System for dynamically demarcating film thermocouple by adopting laser |
| NL2016543A (en) * | 2015-04-16 | 2016-10-19 | Asml Holding Nv | Method and apparatus for optical fiber connection. |
| CN105319469B (en) * | 2015-11-24 | 2018-03-16 | 中国人民解放军63655部队 | A kind of thermistor dynamic characteristic measuring device and method |
| CN107870049B (en) * | 2016-09-26 | 2019-08-27 | 北京振兴计量测试研究所 | A kind of high-temperature heat flux sensor calibration system |
| CN106932121A (en) * | 2017-02-14 | 2017-07-07 | 中国科学院力学研究所 | A kind of platinum film resistor heat flow transducer caliberating device |
| CN206905939U (en) * | 2017-05-17 | 2018-01-19 | 四川天利科技有限责任公司 | A kind of thermocouple dynamic response characteristic experimental rig based on laser |
| CN210513482U (en) * | 2019-11-18 | 2020-05-12 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心超高速空气动力研究所 | Heat flow sensor quality detection device |
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