CN112152307B - Self-powered vibration energy, heat energy and light energy collaborative collecting system - Google Patents

Self-powered vibration energy, heat energy and light energy collaborative collecting system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112152307B
CN112152307B CN202010902014.8A CN202010902014A CN112152307B CN 112152307 B CN112152307 B CN 112152307B CN 202010902014 A CN202010902014 A CN 202010902014A CN 112152307 B CN112152307 B CN 112152307B
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capacitor
resistor
circuit
flyback converter
energy
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CN112152307A (en
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夏桦康
夏银水
钱利波
叶益迭
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Ningbo University
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Ningbo University
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/32—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from a charging set comprising a non-electric prime mover rotating at constant speed
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
    • H02J7/345—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering using capacitors as storage or buffering devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/02—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/04—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/12—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/21—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M7/217—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a self-powered collaborative collecting system for vibration energy, heat energy and light energy, which comprises a piezoelectric transducer, a thermoelectric transducer, a photoelectric transducer and an electric energy extracting circuit, wherein the piezoelectric transducer is used for capturing the vibration energy and converting the vibration energy into alternating current for output, the thermoelectric transducer is used for capturing the heat energy and converting temperature difference into direct current for output, the photoelectric transducer is used for capturing the light energy and converting illumination intensity into direct current for output, the electric energy extracting circuit comprises a primary circuit of a flyback converter, a secondary circuit of the flyback converter, a pulse width modulation control circuit, a flyback transformer and a first capacitor, during the period that the energy collection does not reach the preset degree (namely, the pulse width modulation control circuit can not be started), the vibration energy, the heat energy and the light energy are cooperatively collected, when the energy collection reaches a preset degree, the cooperative collection of the heat energy and the light energy with higher efficiency is realized; the energy collecting device has the advantages that various energy collecting devices are mutually associated, the circuit structure is simple, and the energy collecting efficiency is high.

Description

Self-powered vibration energy, heat energy and light energy collaborative collecting system
Technical Field
The invention relates to an energy collection system, in particular to a self-powered vibration energy, heat energy and light energy cooperative collection system.
Background
Various forms of micro-energy exist in the natural environment, such as vibration, temperature difference, illumination, and the like. Based on a specific transduction principle, these micro energy sources can be converted into electrical energy to power low power consumption electronic devices. For example, electromechanical conversion can be achieved by a piezoelectric transducer, thermoelectric conversion can be achieved by a thermoelectric transducer, and photoelectric conversion can be achieved by a photoelectric transducer. Research shows that the alternating voltage which can be output by the small-size piezoelectric transducer is about 3-10V under the condition of natural vibration with the acceleration of 1 g; under the condition of natural temperature difference of 2-5 ℃, the direct current voltage which can be output by the small-sized thermoelectric transducer is about 10-100 mV; under the condition of natural illumination, the direct-current voltage which can be output by the small-size photoelectric transducer is about 100-300 mV. Because the natural environment has the characteristics of random variability, uncontrollable performance and the like, the collection of a single type of micro energy cannot ensure stable output power and power supply capacity, and the power supply requirement of low-power-consumption electronic equipment cannot be well met, so that the collection of multiple types of micro energy is necessary to improve the output power and the power supply capacity.
Currently, systems capable of collecting multiple types of micro energy sources simultaneously have appeared, but such systems are only simple superposition of several single-type micro energy source collection schemes, different micro energy sources respectively adopt independent electric energy extraction circuits, and are not directly related to each other, so that advantage complementation and synergistic effect between different types of micro energy sources cannot be realized, and complex redundancy of a circuit structure of the whole system is caused, and energy collection efficiency is low. For example, chinese patent application publication No. CN111200361A discloses a self-powered dual-input and dual-output energy collection circuit with maximum power tracking, in which an AC-DC rectification voltage-doubling circuit is used to collect energy from an AC input source and a DC-DC boost circuit is used to collect energy from a DC input source, the AC-DC rectification voltage-doubling circuit and the DC-DC boost circuit work independently during energy collection, the circuit structure is complicated and redundant, and consumes more energy, and in an initial stage, only the AC-DC rectification voltage-doubling circuit collects electric energy from the AC input source, and the DC-DC boost circuit needs the AC-DC rectification voltage-doubling circuit to accumulate enough energy to start working, so the circuit has low energy collection efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a self-powered vibration energy, heat energy and light energy cooperative collection system which is simple in circuit structure and high in energy collection efficiency.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a self-powered vibration energy, heat energy and light energy collaborative collecting system comprises a piezoelectric transducer, a thermoelectric transducer, a photoelectric transducer and an electric energy extracting circuit, wherein the piezoelectric transducer is used for capturing vibration energy and converting the vibration energy into alternating current for output, the thermoelectric transducer is used for capturing heat energy and converting temperature difference into direct current for output, the photoelectric transducer is used for capturing light energy and converting illumination intensity into direct current for output, the electric energy extracting circuit comprises a primary side circuit of a flyback converter, a secondary side circuit of the flyback converter, a pulse width modulation control circuit, a flyback transformer and a first capacitor, the flyback transformer is provided with a primary side coil and a secondary side coil and is used for transmitting electric energy stored in the primary side coil to the secondary side coil, the first capacitor is an electrolytic capacitor, and the piezoelectric transducer is provided with a first output end and a second output end, the photoelectric transducer is provided with a positive polarity output end and a negative polarity output end, the thermoelectric transducer is provided with a positive polarity output end and a negative polarity output end, the flyback transformer is provided with a first connecting end, a second connecting end, a third connecting end and a fourth connecting end, one end of a primary coil of the flyback transformer is used as the first connecting end, the other end of the primary coil is used as the second connecting end, one end of a secondary coil is used as the third connecting end, the other end of the secondary coil is used as the fourth connecting end, the first connecting end and the third connecting end of the flyback transformer are a group of same-name ends, the second connecting end and the fourth connecting end of the flyback transformer are another group of same-name ends, the first capacitor is provided with a positive polarity end and a negative polarity end, the primary circuit of the flyback transformer is provided with a first input end, the first input end is arranged on the primary circuit, the second connecting end is arranged on the secondary end, the second end is arranged on the second end, the third end is arranged on the second end, the fourth end, the second end, the third end, the fourth end is arranged on the second end, the third end, the fourth end, the third end, the fourth end, the third end, the fourth end, the third end, the fourth end, the third end, the fourth end, the third end, the fourth end, the, The secondary side circuit of the flyback converter is provided with a first input end, a second input end, a first output end and a second output end, the pulse width modulation control circuit is provided with a power supply end, an input end and an output end, the first output end of the piezoelectric transducer is connected with the first input end of the primary side circuit of the flyback converter, the second output end of the piezoelectric transducer is connected with the second input end of the primary side circuit of the flyback converter, the third input end of the primary side circuit of the flyback converter is connected with the output end of the pulse width modulation control circuit, the fourth input end of the primary side circuit of the flyback converter, the negative output end of the photoelectric transducer and the second connection end of the flyback transformer are connected, the first output end of the primary circuit of the flyback converter is connected with the first connecting end of the flyback transformer, the second output end of the primary circuit of the flyback converter is connected with the input end of the pulse width modulation control circuit, the first input end of the secondary circuit of the flyback converter is connected with the fourth connecting end of the flyback transformer, the second input end of the secondary circuit of the flyback converter, the positive output end of the thermoelectric transducer and the third connecting end of the flyback transformer are connected, the first output end of the secondary circuit of the flyback converter is connected with the power supply end of the pulse width modulation control circuit, the second output end of the secondary circuit of the flyback converter is connected with the positive end of the first capacitor, the positive output end of the photoelectric transducer, the fourth output end of the photoelectric transducer and the power supply end of the pulse width modulation control circuit are connected, The negative polarity output end of the thermoelectric transducer and the negative polarity end of the first capacitor are both grounded; the primary circuit of the flyback converter has an AC-DC rectification function and can convert alternating current output by the piezoelectric transducer into direct current, the primary circuit of the flyback converter also has a vibration energy and light energy collaborative extraction function and can control the piezoelectric transducer, the primary coil of the flyback transformer and the photoelectric transducer to generate series resonance at the moment of the peak value of the alternating current output by the piezoelectric transducer, the electric energy provided by the piezoelectric transducer and the photoelectric transducer is simultaneously extracted into the primary coil of the flyback transformer, the electric energy in the primary coil of the flyback transformer is spontaneously transferred into the secondary coil of the flyback transformer, and when the power supply end of the pulse width modulation control circuit is not connected with working voltage, the output end of the pulse width modulation control circuit is kept at a low level, when a power supply end of the pulse width modulation control circuit is connected with a voltage signal output by a first output end of a secondary side circuit of the flyback converter, the working voltage of the pulse width modulation control circuit is ready, at the moment when the piezoelectric transducer outputs an alternating current peak value, the output end of the pulse width modulation control circuit outputs a low level, in other time intervals except the peak value moment when the piezoelectric transducer outputs the alternating current, the output end of the pulse width modulation control circuit periodically outputs a pulse width modulation signal, at the moment, a primary side circuit of the flyback converter has an independent light energy extraction function, when the pulse width modulation signal is at a high level, the primary side circuit of the flyback converter, the photoelectric transducer and a primary side coil of the flyback transformer form a switch circuit, and the electric energy provided by the photoelectric transducer is independently extracted into the primary side coil of the flyback transformer, when the pulse width modulation signal is at low level, the electric energy temporarily stored in the primary coil of the flyback transformer is spontaneously transferred to the secondary coil of the flyback transformer for temporary storage, the secondary circuit of the flyback converter has the function of simultaneously transferring multiple energies, at the moment when the piezoelectric transducer outputs the peak value of the alternating current, the secondary circuit of the flyback converter transfers the electric energy provided by the piezoelectric transducer and the photoelectric transducer and the electric energy provided by the thermoelectric transducer, which are transferred from the primary circuit of the flyback converter in the secondary coil of the flyback transformer, to the first capacitor simultaneously, and at the time intervals when the piezoelectric transducer outputs the alternating current except the peak value moment, and when the pulse width modulation signal output by the output end of the pulse width modulation control circuit is at low level, the secondary side circuit of the flyback converter transfers the electric energy provided by the photoelectric transducer and the electric energy provided by the thermoelectric transducer, which are transmitted by the primary side circuit of the flyback converter in the secondary side coil of the flyback transformer, to the first capacitor at the same time, a reference threshold value is arranged in the secondary side circuit of the flyback converter, when the voltage of the first capacitor is greater than the reference threshold value, a first output end of the secondary side circuit of the flyback converter outputs a voltage signal serving as the working voltage of the pulse width modulation control circuit, and otherwise, the voltage signal is not output.
The primary side circuit of the flyback converter comprises a first PMOS tube, a second PMOS tube, a first NMOS tube, a second NMOS tube, a third NMOS tube, a fourth NMOS tube, a fifth NMOS tube, a first PNP triode, a second PNP triode, a first NPN triode, a second NPN triode, a first resistor, a second capacitor and a third capacitor, wherein the second capacitor and the third capacitor are nonpolar capacitors, the drain electrode of the first PMOS tube, the grid electrode of the second PMOS tube, the drain electrode of the first NMOS tube and the grid electrode of the second NMOS tube are connected, the connection end of the first PMOS tube, the drain electrode of the second PMOS tube, the grid electrode of the first NMOS tube and the drain electrode of the second NMOS tube is the first input end of the primary side circuit of the flyback converter, the grid electrode of the first PMOS tube, the drain electrode of the second PMOS tube, the grid electrode of the first NMOS tube and the drain electrode of the second NMOS tube are connected, and the connection end of the first NMOS tube is the second input end of the primary side circuit of the flyback converter, the source electrode of the first NMOS transistor, the source electrode of the second NMOS transistor, one end of the first resistor, one end of the second capacitor, one end of the second resistor, one end of the third capacitor, and the collector electrode of the second NPN transistor are all grounded, the source electrode of the first PMOS transistor, the source electrode of the second PMOS transistor, the gate electrode of the third NMOS transistor, the source electrode of the third NMOS transistor, the gate electrode of the fifth NMOS transistor, and the source electrode of the fifth NMOS transistor are connected to the collector electrode of the first NPN transistor, the drain electrode of the third NMOS transistor, the gate electrode of the fourth NMOS transistor, and the source electrode of the fourth NMOS transistor are connected to the source electrode of the fourth NMOS transistor, the drain electrode of the fourth NMOS transistor, the other end of the first resistor, and the base electrode of the first PNP transistor are connected, and the drain electrode of the fifth NMOS transistor, the other end of the second capacitor, and the emitter electrode of the first PNP transistor are connected, the collector of the first PNP triode is connected with the base of the first NPN triode, the connection end of the first PNP triode is the second output end of the primary side circuit of the flyback converter, the emitter of the first NPN triode is connected with the emitter of the second NPN triode, the connection end of the first PNP triode is the first output end of the primary side circuit of the flyback converter, the base of the second NPN triode is connected with the collector of the second PNP triode, the base of the second PNP triode is connected with the other end of the second resistor, the emitter of the second PNP triode is the third input end of the primary side circuit of the flyback converter, and the other end of the third capacitor is the fourth input end of the primary side circuit of the flyback converter. In the primary side circuit of the flyback converter, a piezoelectric transducer outputs alternating current under the action of environmental vibration, a first PMOS tube, a second PMOS tube, a first NMOS tube and a second NMOS tube form an AC-DC full bridge rectifier with low conduction voltage drop, the alternating current output by the piezoelectric transducer is converted into direct current, the photoelectric transducer outputs the direct current under the action of environmental illumination and pre-charges a third capacitor, a third NMOS tube, a fourth NMOS tube, a fifth NMOS tube, a first PNP triode, a first NPN triode, a first resistor and a second capacitor form a low-delay peak voltage detection and synchronous switch circuit, the first PNP triode and the first NPN triode are controlled to be conducted at the peak value (positive peak value and negative peak value) of the alternating current output by the piezoelectric transducer, so that the piezoelectric transducer, a primary side coil of the flyback transformer and the third capacitor form an LC series resonance circuit and an LC oscillation process of 1/2 cycles is continued, electric energy provided by the piezoelectric transducer and the photoelectric transducer is extracted into a primary coil of the flyback transformer, so that the cooperative collection of vibration energy and light energy is realized; when the third input end of the primary circuit of the flyback converter is connected with a pulse width modulation signal output by the pulse width modulation control circuit, the switching circuit can extract the electric energy provided by the photoelectric transducer into the primary coil of the flyback transformer in other time periods except the peak time of the alternating current output by the piezoelectric transducer, thereby realizing the independent collection of the optical energy.
The secondary side circuit of the flyback converter comprises a first diode, a fourth capacitor, a fifth capacitor, a third resistor, a fourth resistor and a first linear voltage stabilizer, wherein the fourth capacitor and the fifth capacitor are nonpolar capacitors, the anode of the first diode is a first input end of the secondary side circuit of the flyback converter, the cathode of the first diode, one end of the third resistor and the voltage input end of the first linear voltage stabilizer are connected, the connecting end of the first diode and the voltage input end of the first linear voltage stabilizer is a second output end of the secondary side circuit of the flyback converter, the other end of the third resistor, one end of the fourth resistor and the enabling input end of the first linear voltage stabilizer are connected, the other end of the fourth resistor, one end of the fourth capacitor, one end of the fifth capacitor and the grounding end of the first linear voltage stabilizer are all grounded, the other end of the fourth capacitor is a second input end of the secondary side circuit of the flyback converter, the voltage output end of the first linear voltage stabilizer is connected with the other end of the fifth capacitor, and the connecting end of the first linear voltage stabilizer is a first output end of the secondary side circuit of the flyback converter. In the secondary side circuit of the flyback converter, the first diode and the fourth capacitor can form a follow current circuit of the secondary side circuit of the flyback converter together with the first capacitor, the thermoelectric transducer and the secondary side coil of the flyback transformer, the energy transmitted by the primary side circuit of the flyback converter in the secondary side coil of the flyback transformer and the energy provided by the thermoelectric transducer are transferred to the first capacitor, thereby charging the first capacitor and increasing the voltage thereof, a voltage division circuit composed of a third resistor and a fourth resistor, when the input voltage connected to the enable input terminal of the first linear voltage stabilizer exceeds the reference threshold (namely the enable voltage of the first linear voltage stabilizer), the first linear voltage stabilizer starts to work, and outputting a voltage signal to the pulse width modulation control circuit through a first output end of the secondary side circuit of the flyback converter, so that the pulse width modulation control circuit is started to enter a working state.
The pulse width modulation control circuit comprises a first NOT gate, a first AND gate, a first operational amplifier, a first comparator, a second comparator, a sixth NMOS transistor, a fifth resistor, a sixth resistor, a seventh resistor, an eighth resistor, a ninth resistor, a tenth resistor, an eleventh resistor, a twelfth resistor, a thirteenth resistor, a sixth capacitor and a seventh capacitor, wherein the sixth capacitor and the seventh capacitor are nonpolar capacitors, the drain electrode of the sixth NMOS transistor, the power supply end of the first operational amplifier, the power supply end of the first comparator, the power supply end of the second comparator, one end of the eighth resistor and one end of the thirteenth resistor are connected, the connection end of the eighth resistor and the power supply end of the thirteenth resistor are connected, the grid electrode of the sixth NMOS transistor and one end of the fifth resistor are connected, and the connection end of the sixth NMOS transistor and the connection end of the fifth resistor are connected, the input end of the pulse width modulation control circuit, the source of the sixth NMOS transistor, one end of the sixth resistor, one end of the sixth capacitor and the input end of the first not gate are connected, the output end of the first not gate is connected with one input end of the first and gate, the inverting input end of the first operational amplifier and one end of the seventh resistor are connected with one end of the seventh capacitor, the other end of the seventh resistor and the output end of the first comparator are connected with one end of the tenth resistor, the non-inverting input end of the first operational amplifier, the other end of the eighth resistor and one end of the ninth resistor are connected with the inverting input end of the first comparator, the non-inverting input end of the first comparator, the other end of the tenth resistor and one end of the eleventh resistor are connected, the inverting input end of the second comparator is connected with one end of the eleventh resistor, and the inverting input end of the second comparator is connected with the inverting input end of the second comparator, The output end of the first operational amplifier, the other end of the seventh capacitor and the other end of the eleventh resistor are connected, the positive phase input end of the second comparator, one end of the twelfth resistor and the other end of the thirteenth resistor are connected, the output end of the second comparator is connected with the other input end of the first and gate, the output end of the first and gate is the output end of the pwm control circuit, and the other end of the fifth resistor, the other end of the sixth capacitor, the ground end of the first operational amplifier, the ground end of the first comparator, the ground end of the second comparator, the ground end of the ninth resistor and the other end of the twelfth resistor are all grounded. The pulse width modulation control circuit starts to work only when the electric energy in the first capacitor is accumulated to a certain amount, and stops working when the electric energy in the first capacitor is insufficient, so that unnecessary energy loss is reduced.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that the self-powered vibration energy, heat energy and light energy cooperative collection system is constructed by the piezoelectric transducer, the thermoelectric transducer, the photoelectric transducer and the electric energy extraction circuit, the piezoelectric transducer is used for capturing vibration energy and converting the vibration energy into alternating current for output, the thermoelectric transducer is used for capturing heat energy and converting temperature difference into direct current for output, the photoelectric transducer is used for capturing light energy and converting illumination intensity into direct current for output, the electric energy extraction circuit comprises a primary side circuit of a flyback converter, a secondary side circuit of the flyback converter, a pulse width modulation control circuit, a flyback transformer and a first capacitor, the flyback transformer is provided with a primary side coil and a secondary side coil, the flyback transformer is used for transmitting the electric energy stored in the primary side coil to the secondary side coil, the first capacitor is an electrolytic capacitor, and the piezoelectric transducer is provided with a first output end and a second output end, the photoelectric transducer is provided with a positive polarity output end and a negative polarity output end, the thermoelectric transducer is provided with a positive polarity output end and a negative polarity output end, the flyback transformer is provided with a first connecting end, a second connecting end, a third connecting end and a fourth connecting end, one end of a primary coil of the flyback transformer is used as the first connecting end, the other end of the primary coil is used as the second connecting end, one end of a secondary coil is used as the third connecting end, the other end of the secondary coil is used as the fourth connecting end, the first connecting end and the third connecting end of the flyback transformer are a group of homonymous ends, the second connecting end and the fourth connecting end are another group of homonymous ends, the first capacitor is provided with a positive polarity end and a negative polarity end, the primary circuit of the flyback converter is provided with a first input end, a second input end, a third input end, a fourth input end, a first output end and a second output end, the secondary side circuit of the flyback converter is provided with a first input end, a second input end, a first output end and a second output end, the pulse width modulation control circuit is provided with a power supply end, an input end and an output end, the first output end of the piezoelectric transducer is connected with the first input end of the primary side circuit of the flyback converter, the second output end of the piezoelectric transducer is connected with the second input end of the primary side circuit of the flyback converter, the third input end of the primary side circuit of the flyback converter is connected with the output end of the pulse width modulation control circuit, the fourth input end of the primary side circuit of the flyback converter, the negative polarity output end of the photoelectric transducer and the second connection end of the flyback transformer are connected, the first output end of the primary side circuit of the flyback converter is connected with the first connection end of the flyback transformer, and the second output end of the primary side circuit of the flyback converter is connected with the input end of the pulse width modulation control circuit, the primary side circuit of the flyback converter has an AC-DC rectification function and can convert alternating current output by the piezoelectric transducer into direct current, the primary side circuit of the flyback converter also has a vibration energy and light energy collaborative extraction function and can control the piezoelectric transducer, the primary side coil of the flyback transformer and the photoelectric transducer to generate electricity at the moment that the piezoelectric transducer outputs the alternating current peak value The series resonance is generated, the electric energy provided by the piezoelectric transducer and the photoelectric transducer is simultaneously extracted into a primary coil of the flyback transformer, the electric energy in the primary coil of the flyback transformer is spontaneously transferred into a secondary coil of the flyback transformer, when the power end of the pulse width modulation control circuit is not connected with working voltage, the output end of the pulse width modulation control circuit is kept at low level, when the power end of the pulse width modulation control circuit is connected with a voltage signal output by a first output end of the flyback transformer secondary circuit, the working voltage of the pulse width modulation control circuit is ready, at the moment when the piezoelectric transducer outputs an alternating current peak value, the output end of the pulse width modulation control circuit outputs low level, the output end of the pulse width modulation control circuit periodically outputs pulse width modulation signals in other time periods except the peak value moment when the alternating current output by the piezoelectric transducer, at the moment, the primary coil of the flyback transformer has an independent light energy extraction function, when the pulse width modulation signal is at high level, the primary circuit of the flyback converter, the photoelectric transducer and the primary coil of the flyback transformer form a switch circuit, the electric energy provided by the photoelectric transducer is extracted into the primary coil of the flyback transformer for temporary storage, when the pulse width modulation signal is at low level, the electric energy temporarily stored by the primary coil of the flyback transformer is spontaneously transferred to the secondary coil of the flyback transformer for temporary storage, the secondary circuit of the flyback converter has the function of simultaneously transferring a plurality of energies, at the moment of the peak value of the alternating current output by the piezoelectric transducer, the secondary circuit of the flyback converter transfers the electric energy provided by the piezoelectric transducer and the photoelectric transducer and the electric energy provided by the thermoelectric transducer, which are transferred from the primary circuit of the flyback converter in the secondary coil of the flyback transformer, into the first capacitor at the same time, and in other time periods except the moment of the peak value of the alternating current output by the piezoelectric transducer, when the pulse width modulation signal output by the output end of the pulse width modulation control circuit is at low level, the secondary side circuit of the flyback converter transfers the electric energy provided by the photoelectric transducer and the electric energy provided by the thermoelectric transducer, which are transmitted by the primary side circuit of the flyback converter, in the secondary side coil of the flyback transformer to a first capacitor, a reference threshold value is arranged in the secondary side circuit of the flyback converter, when the voltage of the first capacitor is greater than the reference threshold value, the first output end of the secondary side circuit of the flyback converter outputs a voltage signal as the working voltage of the pulse width modulation control circuit, otherwise, no voltage signal is output, therefore, when the invention collects energy, when the working voltage of the pulse width modulation control circuit is not ready and does not enter the working state, the primary side circuit of the flyback converter only extracts the piezoelectric transducer and the primary side coil of the electric energy flyback transformer in the photoelectric transducer when the output alternating current of the piezoelectric transducer reaches the peak value, during the period, when the output voltage of the piezoelectric transducer is not at the peak value, the invention does not carry out any electric energy extraction, when the working voltage of the pulse width modulation control circuit is ready and enters a working state, and when the output alternating current of the piezoelectric transducer reaches the peak value, the primary side circuit of the flyback converter extracts the electric energy in the piezoelectric transducer and the photoelectric transducer to the flyback transformer coil for temporary storage, and the electric energy temporarily stored in the primary side coil of the flyback transformer transfers the electric energy temporarily stored in the secondary side coil of the flyback transformer to the secondary side coil of the flyback transformer for temporary storage, and the secondary side circuit of the flyback converter transfers the electric energy temporarily stored in the secondary side coil of the flyback transformer and the electric energy in the thermoelectric transducer, the energy is collected by extracting the energy into a first capacitor, the pulse width modulation control circuit outputs pulse width modulation signals to a primary side circuit of a flyback converter in other time periods when the alternating current output by the piezoelectric transducer is outside a peak value, when the pulse width modulation signals are at a high level, the primary side circuit of the flyback converter extracts the electric energy in the photoelectric transducer into a primary side coil of the flyback transformer for temporary storage, when the pulse width modulation signals are at a low level, the electric energy temporarily stored in the primary side coil of the flyback transformer is spontaneously transferred to a secondary side coil of the flyback transformer for temporary storage, then the secondary side circuit of the flyback converter extracts the electric energy temporarily stored in the secondary side coil of the flyback transformer and the electric energy in the thermoelectric transducer into the first capacitor for storage, and the energy collection is realized, therefore, the invention can realize the energy collection when the energy collection does not reach a preset degree (namely the pulse width modulation control circuit cannot be started), the vibration energy, the heat energy and the light energy under the condition of no external power supply are collected in a coordinated mode, when the energy collection reaches the preset degree, the heat energy and the light energy which are higher in efficiency are collected in a coordinated mode, in the process of collecting the energy, the various energy collections are correlated, the circuit structure is simple, and the energy collection efficiency is higher.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a self-powered cooperative collection system of vibrational, thermal and optical energy in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of a primary circuit of a flyback converter of the self-powered cooperative collection system for vibrational energy, thermal energy and optical energy according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of a secondary side circuit of a flyback converter of the self-powered cooperative collection system of vibrational energy, thermal energy and optical energy of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram of a pulse width modulation control circuit of the self-powered cooperative collection system of vibrational energy, thermal energy, and optical energy of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying examples.
Example (b): as shown in FIG. 1, a self-powered cooperative collection system for vibrational energy, thermal energy and optical energy comprises a piezoelectric transducer PZT for capturing vibrational energy and converting the vibrational energy into AC output, a thermoelectric transducer TEG for capturing thermal energy and converting temperature difference into DC output, a photoelectric transducer PV for capturing optical energy and converting illumination intensity into DC output, an electrical energy extraction circuit comprising a primary circuit of a flyback converter, a secondary circuit of the flyback converter, a pulse width modulation control circuit, a flyback transformer T and a first capacitor C1, wherein the flyback transformer T has a primary coil and a secondary coil, the flyback transformer T is used for transferring electrical energy stored at the primary coil to the secondary coil, the first capacitor C1 is an electrolytic capacitor, and the piezoelectric transducer PZT has a first output end and a second output end, the photoelectric transducer PV has a positive output end and a negative output end, the thermoelectric transducer TEG has a positive output end and a negative output end, the flyback transformer T has a first connection end, a second connection end, a third connection end and a fourth connection end, one end of a primary coil of the flyback transformer T is used as the first connection end, the other end of the primary coil is used as the second connection end, one end of a secondary coil is used as the third connection end, the other end of the secondary coil is used as the fourth connection end, the first connection end and the third connection end are a group of homonymous ends, and the second connection end and the fourth connection end are the other endThe first capacitor C1 has a positive polarity end and a negative polarity end, the primary circuit of the flyback converter has a first input end, a second input end, a third input end, a fourth input end, a first output end and a second output end, the secondary circuit of the flyback converter has a first input end, a second input end, a first output end and a second output end, the pulse width modulation control circuit has a power end, an input end and an output end, the first output end of the piezoelectric transducer PZT is connected with the first input end of the primary circuit of the flyback converter, the second output end of the piezoelectric transducer PZT is connected with the second input end of the primary circuit of the flyback converter, the third input end of the primary circuit of the flyback converter is connected with the output end of the pulse width modulation control circuit, the fourth input end of the primary circuit of the flyback converter, the negative polarity output end of the photoelectric transducer PV is connected with the second connection end of the flyback transformer T, the first output end of the primary circuit of the flyback converter is connected with the first connecting end of the flyback transformer T, the second output end of the primary circuit of the flyback converter is connected with the input end of the pulse width modulation control circuit, the first input end of the secondary circuit of the flyback converter is connected with the fourth connecting end of the flyback transformer T, the second input end of the secondary circuit of the flyback converter, the positive output end of the thermoelectric transducer TEG and the third connecting end of the flyback transformer T are connected, the first output end of the secondary circuit of the flyback converter is connected with the power supply end of the pulse width modulation control circuit, the second output end of the secondary circuit of the flyback converter is connected with the positive end of the first capacitor C1, and the positive output end of the photoelectric transducer PV, the negative output end of the thermoelectric transducer TEG and the negative end of the first capacitor C1 are all grounded; the primary circuit of the flyback converter has an AC-DC rectification function and can convert alternating current output by the piezoelectric transducers PZT into direct current, the primary circuit of the flyback converter also has a vibration energy and light energy collaborative extraction function and can control the piezoelectric transducers PZT, the primary coil of the flyback transformer T and the photoelectric transducers PV to generate series resonance at the moment of the peak value of the alternating current output by the piezoelectric transducers PZT, the electric energy provided by the piezoelectric transducers PZT and the photoelectric transducers PV is simultaneously extracted into the primary coil of the flyback transformer T, and the primary coil of the flyback transformer TThe electric energy in the energy storage device is spontaneously transferred to a secondary coil of a flyback transformer T, when a power supply end of a pulse width modulation control circuit is not connected with working voltage, an output end of the pulse width modulation control circuit is kept at a low level, when the power supply end of the pulse width modulation control circuit is connected with a voltage signal output by a first output end of a secondary circuit of the flyback transformer, the working voltage of the pulse width modulation control circuit is ready, at the moment when a piezoelectric transducer PZT outputs an alternating current peak value, the output end of the pulse width modulation control circuit outputs a low level, and the output end of the pulse width modulation control circuit periodically outputs a pulse width modulation signal in other time periods except the peak value moment when the piezoelectric transducer PZT outputs the alternating current, at the moment, a primary circuit of the flyback transformer has an independent light energy extraction function, and when the pulse width modulation signal is at a high level, the primary circuit of the flyback transformer, the photoelectric transducer PV and the primary coil of the flyback transformer T form a switch circuit, the electric energy provided by the photoelectric transducer PV is extracted into the primary coil of the flyback transformer T for temporary storage, when the pulse width modulation signal is at low level, the electric energy temporarily stored in the primary coil of the flyback transformer T is spontaneously transferred to the secondary coil of the flyback transformer T for temporary storage, the secondary circuit of the flyback transformer has the function of simultaneously transferring multiple energies, at the moment when the piezoelectric transducer PZT outputs the peak value of the alternating current, the secondary circuit of the flyback transformer transfers the electric energy provided by the piezoelectric transducer PV and the photoelectric transducer PV and the electric energy provided by the thermoelectric transducer TEG transferred from the primary circuit of the flyback transformer T in the secondary coil of the flyback transformer T to the first capacitor C1, in the time interval when the piezoelectric transducer PZT outputs the alternating current except the peak value moment, and when the pulse width modulation signal output by the output end of the pulse width modulation control circuit is at low level, the secondary side circuit of the flyback converter transfers the electric energy provided by the photoelectric transducer PV and the electric energy provided by the thermoelectric transducer TEG transmitted by the primary side circuit of the flyback converter in the secondary side coil of the flyback transformer T to the first capacitor C1 at the same time, a reference threshold value (determined according to the design parameters of the secondary side circuit of the flyback converter) is arranged in the secondary side circuit of the flyback converter, and when the voltage V of the first capacitor C1 is larger than the voltage V of the secondary side circuit of the flyback converterstoWhen the reference threshold value is larger than the first threshold value, the secondary side circuit of the flyback converterAn output terminal outputs a voltage signal V as the working voltage of the PWM control circuitccOtherwise, the voltage signal V is not outputcc。
As shown in fig. 2, in this embodiment, the primary side circuit of the flyback converter includes a first PMOS transistor PM1, a second PMOS transistor PM2, a first NMOS transistor NM1, a second NMOS transistor NM2, a third NMOS transistor NM3, a fourth NMOS transistor NM4, a fifth NMOS transistor NM5, a first PNP triode PQ1, a second PNP triode PQ2, a first NPN triode NQ1, a second NPN triode NQ2, a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, a second capacitor C2, and a third capacitor C3, where the second capacitor C2 and the third capacitor C3 are all nonpolar capacitors, the drain of the first PMOS transistor PM1, the gate of the second PMOS transistor PM2, the drain of the first NMOS transistor NM1, and the gate of the second NMOS transistor NM2 are connected, and the connection end of the first input end P of the flyback converter PM1 is a primary side circuit1The grid of the first PMOS transistor PM1, the drain of the second PMOS transistor PM2, the grid of the first NMOS transistor NM1 and the drain of the second NMOS transistor NM2 are connected, and the connection end of the first PMOS transistor PM1 and the drain of the second PMOS transistor NM2 is the second input end P of the primary side circuit of the flyback converter2The source of the first NMOS transistor NM1, the source of the second NMOS transistor NM2, one end of the first resistor R1, one end of the second capacitor C2, one end of the second resistor R2, one end of the third capacitor C3, and the collector of the second NPN transistor NQ2 are all grounded, the source of the first PMOS transistor PM1, the source of the second PMOS transistor PM2, the gate of the third NMOS transistor NM3, the source of the third NMOS transistor NM3, the gate of the fifth NMOS transistor NM5, the source of the fifth NMOS transistor NM5 and the collector of the first NPN transistor NQ1 are connected, the drain of the third NMOS transistor NM3, the gate of the fourth NMOS transistor NM4 and the source of the fourth NMOS transistor NM4 are connected, the drain of the fourth NMOS transistor NM4, the other end of the first resistor R1 and the base of the first PNP transistor PQ1 are connected, the drain of the fifth NMOS transistor NM5, the other end of the second capacitor C2 and the emitter of the first PNP transistor PQ1 are connected, the collector of the first PNP transistor PQ1 and the base of the first NPN transistor NQ1 are connected, and the connection end of the first NPN transistor PQ1 is the second output terminal P of the primary side converter circuit.6The emitter of the first NPN triode NQ1 is connected to the emitter of the second NPN triode NQ2, and the connection end is the first output end P of the primary side circuit of the flyback converter5The base of a second NPN transistor NQ2 and a second PNP transistorThe collector of the tube PQ2 is connected, the base of the second PNP triode PQ2 is connected with the other end of the second resistor R2, and the emitter of the second PNP triode PQ2 is the third input end P of the primary circuit of the flyback converter3The other end of the third capacitor C3 is a fourth input end P of the primary circuit of the flyback converter4。
In the primary side circuit of the flyback converter of this embodiment, the first PMOS tube PM1, the second PMOS tube PM2, the first NMOS tube NM1 and the second NMOS tube NM2 form an AC-DC full bridge rectifier with low conduction voltage drop, the AC-DC full bridge rectifier converts the AC power output by the piezoelectric transducer PZT under the action of environmental vibration into DC power, the DC power output by the photoelectric transducer PV under the action of environmental illumination precharges the third capacitor C3, the third NMOS tube NM3, the fourth NMOS tube NM4, the fifth NMOS tube NM5, the first PNP triode PQ1, the first NPN NQ1, the first resistor R1 and the second capacitor C2 form a low-delay peak voltage detection and synchronous switch circuit, and the first PNP 1 and the first PNP NPN NQ1 are controlled to be turned on at the peak (positive peak value and negative peak value) of the AC power output by the piezoelectric transducer PZT, so that the PZT coil of the flyback transformer T and the third NMOS tube NM3 and the primary side capacitor LC 2 are connected in series and continuously connected in series to form a resonant circuit LC 1 In the LC oscillation process of 2 cycles, electric energy provided by the piezoelectric transducer PZT and the photoelectric transducer PV is extracted into a primary coil of the flyback transformer T, so that the cooperative collection of vibration energy and optical energy is realized, the third capacitor C3, the second PNP triode PQ2, the second NPN triode NQ2 and the second resistor R2 form a switch circuit with the photoelectric transducer PV and the primary coil of the flyback transformer T, and when a pulse width modulation signal is input into a third input end of the primary circuit of the flyback transformer, the switch circuit extracts the electric energy provided by the photoelectric transducer PV into the primary coil of the flyback transformer T in other time periods except the peak time of the output voltage of the piezoelectric transducer PZT under the control of the pulse width modulation signal, so that the independent collection of the optical energy is realized.
As shown in fig. 3, in this embodiment, the secondary side circuit of the flyback converter includes a first diode D1, a fourth capacitor C4, a fifth capacitor C5, a third resistor R3, a fourth resistor R4, a first linear regulator U1, and a fourth capacitor DThe capacitor C4 and the fifth capacitor C5 are nonpolar capacitors, and the anode of the first diode D1 is the first input end K of the secondary side circuit of the flyback converter1The cathode of the first diode D1, one end of the third resistor R3 and the voltage input terminal of the first linear regulator U1 are connected, and the connection end is the second output end K of the secondary side circuit of the flyback converter4The other end of the third resistor R3, one end of the fourth resistor R4 and the enable input end of the first linear regulator U1 are connected, the other end of the fourth resistor R4, one end of the fourth capacitor C4, one end of the fifth capacitor C5 and the ground end of the first linear regulator U1 are all grounded, and the other end of the fourth capacitor C4 is the second input end K of the secondary side circuit of the flyback converter2The voltage output end of the first linear voltage stabilizer U1 is connected with the other end of the fifth capacitor C5, and the connection end of the first linear voltage stabilizer U1 is the first output end K of the secondary side circuit of the flyback converter3。
In the secondary side circuit of the flyback converter of the present embodiment, the first diode D1 and the fourth capacitor C4, together with the first capacitor C1, the thermoelectric transducer and the secondary coil of the flyback transformer T, can form a freewheeling circuit of the secondary side circuit of the flyback converter, the electric energy transferred from the primary circuit of the flyback converter in the secondary coil of the flyback transformer T and the electric energy provided by the thermoelectric transducer TEG can be transferred to the first capacitor C1, thereby charging the first capacitor C1 and increasing the voltage thereof, a voltage division circuit composed of a third resistor R3 and a fourth resistor R4, when the input voltage at the enable input of the first linear regulator U1 exceeds the reference threshold (i.e., the enable voltage of the first linear regulator U1, which is determined by the characteristics of the linear regulator chip), the first linear voltage regulator U1 starts to work, and outputs a voltage signal V through a first output terminal of the secondary side circuit of the flyback converter.ccAnd (4) the pulse width modulation control circuit is started to enter a working state.
As shown in fig. 4, in this embodiment, the pwm control circuit includes a first not gate U2, a first and gate U3, a first operational amplifier U4, a first comparator U5, a second comparator U6, a sixth NMOS 6, a fifth resistor R5, a sixth resistor R6, a seventh resistor R7, an eighth resistor R8, a ninth resistor R9, a tenth resistor R10, a fifth resistor R5, a sixth resistor R6, a seventh resistor R7, a tenth resistor R10, a sixth resistor R8, and a fourth resistor R9,An eleventh resistor R11, a twelfth resistor R12, a thirteenth resistor R13, a sixth capacitor C6 and a seventh capacitor C7, wherein the sixth capacitor C6 and the seventh capacitor C7 are all nonpolar capacitors, the drain of the sixth NMOS transistor NM6, the power supply terminal of the first operational amplifier U4, the power supply terminal of the first comparator U5, the power supply terminal of the second comparator U6, one end of the eighth resistor R8 and one end of the thirteenth resistor R13 are connected, and the connection end of the connection end is the power supply terminal S of the PWM control circuit1The gate of the sixth NMOS transistor NM6 is connected to one end of the fifth resistor R5, and the connection end is the input end S of the pwm control circuit2A source of the sixth NMOS transistor NM6, one end of the sixth resistor R6, and one end of the sixth capacitor C6 are connected to an input terminal of the first not-gate U2, an output terminal of the first not-gate U2 is connected to one input terminal of the first and-gate U3, an inverting input terminal of the first operational amplifier U4, one end of the seventh resistor R7 and one end of the seventh capacitor C7 are connected, the other end of the seventh resistor R7, an output terminal of the first comparator U5 and one end of the tenth resistor R10 are connected, a non-inverting input terminal of the first operational amplifier U4, the other end of the eighth resistor R8, one end of the ninth resistor R9 and an inverting input terminal of the first comparator U5, a non-inverting input terminal of the first comparator U5, the other end of the tenth resistor R10 and one end of the eleventh resistor R11 are connected, a non-inverting input terminal of the second comparator U6, an output terminal of the first operational amplifier U4, the other end of the seventh capacitor R7 and an input terminal of the eleventh comparator U6 are connected to one end of the second comparator U58r 11, One end of a twelfth resistor R12 is connected with the other end of the thirteenth resistor R13, the output end of the second comparator U6 is connected with the other input end of the first AND gate U3, and the output end of the first AND gate U3 is the output end S of the pulse width modulation control circuit3The other end of the fifth resistor R5, the other end of the sixth resistor R6, the other end of the sixth capacitor C6, the ground terminal of the first operational amplifier U4, the ground terminal of the first comparator U5, the ground terminal of the second comparator U6, the other end of the ninth resistor R9, and the other end of the twelfth resistor R12 are all grounded.
The pwm control circuit of this embodiment is only activated when a certain amount of power is accumulated in the first capacitor C1, and is deactivated when the power in the first capacitor C1 is insufficient, so as to reduce unnecessary power loss.

Claims (4)

1. A self-powered collaborative collection system for vibration energy, heat energy and light energy is characterized by comprising a piezoelectric transducer, a thermoelectric transducer, a photoelectric transducer and an electric energy extraction circuit, wherein the piezoelectric transducer is used for capturing the vibration energy and converting the vibration energy into alternating current for output, the thermoelectric transducer is used for capturing the heat energy and converting temperature difference into direct current for output, the photoelectric transducer is used for capturing the light energy and converting illumination intensity into direct current for output, the electric energy extraction circuit comprises a primary circuit of a flyback converter, a secondary circuit of the flyback converter, a pulse width modulation control circuit, a flyback transformer and a first capacitor, the flyback transformer is provided with a primary coil and a secondary coil, the flyback transformer is used for transmitting the electric energy stored in the primary coil to the secondary coil, and the first capacitor is an electrolytic capacitor, the piezoelectric transducer is provided with a first output end and a second output end, the photoelectric transducer is provided with a positive polarity output end and a negative polarity output end, the thermoelectric transducer is provided with a positive polarity output end and a negative polarity output end, the flyback transformer is provided with a first connecting end, a second connecting end, a third connecting end and a fourth connecting end, one end of a primary coil of the flyback transformer is used as the first connecting end, the other end of the primary coil is used as the second connecting end, one end of a secondary coil is used as the third connecting end, the other end of the secondary coil is used as the fourth connecting end, the first connecting end and the third connecting end are a group of same-name ends, the second connecting end and the fourth connecting end are another group of same-name ends, the first capacitor is provided with a positive polarity end and a negative polarity end, the flyback converter primary circuit is provided with a first input end, the second capacitor is provided with a negative polarity end, the first input end and the second input end are connected with the first capacitor, and the second capacitor is connected with the second capacitor, the first capacitor is connected with the second capacitor, and the second capacitor, the first capacitor is connected with the second capacitor, and the first capacitor, and the second capacitor is connected with the second capacitor, and the second capacitor is connected with the second capacitor, and the third capacitor, and the second capacitor, and the third capacitor is connected with the second capacitor, and the third capacitor, and the second capacitor, and the third end, and the second end, and the third end, and the second end, and the third end is connected with the third end, and the second end, and the third end, and the second end, and the third end, and the second end, and the third end of the second end, and the second end of the second end, and the third end of the second end of the third, The secondary side circuit of the flyback converter is provided with a first input end, a second input end, a first output end and a second output end, the pulse width modulation control circuit is provided with a power supply end, an input end and an output end, the first output end of the piezoelectric transducer is connected with the first input end of the primary side circuit of the flyback converter, the second output end of the piezoelectric transducer is connected with the second input end of the primary side circuit of the flyback converter, the third input end of the primary side circuit of the flyback converter is connected with the output end of the pulse width modulation control circuit, the fourth input end of the primary side circuit of the flyback converter, the negative output end of the photoelectric transducer and the second connection end of the flyback transformer are connected, the first output end of the primary circuit of the flyback converter is connected with the first connecting end of the flyback transformer, the second output end of the primary circuit of the flyback converter is connected with the input end of the pulse width modulation control circuit, the first input end of the secondary circuit of the flyback converter is connected with the fourth connecting end of the flyback transformer, the second input end of the secondary circuit of the flyback converter, the positive output end of the thermoelectric transducer and the third connecting end of the flyback transformer are connected, the first output end of the secondary circuit of the flyback converter is connected with the power supply end of the pulse width modulation control circuit, the second output end of the secondary circuit of the flyback converter is connected with the positive end of the first capacitor, the positive output end of the photoelectric transducer, the fourth output end of the photoelectric transducer and the power supply end of the pulse width modulation control circuit are connected, The negative polarity output end of the thermoelectric transducer and the negative polarity end of the first capacitor are both grounded;
the primary circuit of the flyback converter has an AC-DC rectification function and can convert alternating current output by the piezoelectric transducer into direct current, the primary circuit of the flyback converter also has a vibration energy and light energy collaborative extraction function and can control the piezoelectric transducer, the primary coil of the flyback transformer and the photoelectric transducer to generate series resonance at the moment of the peak value of the alternating current output by the piezoelectric transducer, the electric energy provided by the piezoelectric transducer and the photoelectric transducer is simultaneously extracted into the primary coil of the flyback transformer, the electric energy in the primary coil of the flyback transformer is spontaneously transferred into the secondary coil of the flyback transformer, and when the power supply end of the pulse width modulation control circuit is not connected with working voltage, the output end of the pulse width modulation control circuit is kept at a low level, when a power supply end of the pulse width modulation control circuit is connected with a voltage signal output by a first output end of a secondary side circuit of the flyback converter, the working voltage of the pulse width modulation control circuit is ready, at the moment when the piezoelectric transducer outputs an alternating current peak value, the output end of the pulse width modulation control circuit outputs a low level, the output end of the pulse width modulation control circuit periodically outputs a pulse width modulation signal in other time periods except the peak value moment when the piezoelectric transducer outputs the alternating current, at the moment, a primary side circuit of the flyback converter has an independent light energy extraction function, when the pulse width modulation signal is at a high level, the primary side circuit of the flyback converter, the photoelectric transducer and a primary side coil of the flyback transformer form a switch circuit, and the electric energy provided by the photoelectric transducer is extracted into the primary side coil of the flyback transformer for temporary storage separately, when the pulse width modulation signal is at low level, the electric energy temporarily stored in the primary coil of the flyback transformer is spontaneously transferred to the secondary coil of the flyback transformer for temporary storage, the secondary circuit of the flyback converter has the function of simultaneously transferring multiple energies, at the moment when the piezoelectric transducer outputs the peak value of the alternating current, the secondary circuit of the flyback converter transfers the electric energy provided by the piezoelectric transducer and the photoelectric transducer and the electric energy provided by the thermoelectric transducer, which are transferred from the primary circuit of the flyback converter in the secondary coil of the flyback transformer, to the first capacitor simultaneously, and at the time intervals when the piezoelectric transducer outputs the alternating current except the peak value moment, and when the pulse width modulation signal output by the output end of the pulse width modulation control circuit is at low level, the secondary side circuit of the flyback converter transfers the electric energy provided by the photoelectric transducer and the electric energy provided by the thermoelectric transducer, which are transmitted by the primary side circuit of the flyback converter in the secondary side coil of the flyback transformer, to the first capacitor at the same time, a reference threshold value is arranged in the secondary side circuit of the flyback converter, when the voltage of the first capacitor is greater than the reference threshold value, a first output end of the secondary side circuit of the flyback converter outputs a voltage signal serving as the working voltage of the pulse width modulation control circuit, and otherwise, the voltage signal is not output.
2. The self-powered cooperative collection system for vibrational energy, thermal energy and optical energy of claim 1, wherein the primary circuit of the flyback converter comprises a first PMOS transistor, a second PMOS transistor, a first NMOS transistor, a second NMOS transistor, a third NMOS transistor, a fourth NMOS transistor, a fifth NMOS transistor, a first PNP triode, a second PNP triode, a first NPN triode, a second NPN triode, a first resistor, a second capacitor and a third capacitor, wherein the second capacitor and the third capacitor are all nonpolar capacitors, the drain of the first PMOS transistor, the gate of the second PMOS transistor, the drain of the first NMOS transistor and the gate of the second NMOS transistor are connected, and the connection end of the second capacitor and the third capacitor is the first input end of the primary circuit of the flyback converter, and the gate of the first PMOS transistor, the drain of the second PMOS transistor, the gate of the first NMOS transistor and the drain of the second NMOS transistor are connected, and the connection end of the primary circuit of the flyback converter is the flyback converter A second input terminal of the side circuit, a source of the first NMOS transistor, a source of the second NMOS transistor, one end of the first resistor, one end of the second capacitor, one end of the second resistor, one end of the third capacitor, and a collector of the second NPN transistor are all grounded, a source of the first PMOS transistor, a source of the second PMOS transistor, a gate of the third NMOS transistor, a source of the third NMOS transistor, a gate of the fifth NMOS transistor, a source of the fifth NMOS transistor, and a collector of the first NPN transistor are connected, a drain of the third NMOS transistor, a gate of the fourth NMOS transistor, and a source of the fourth NMOS transistor are connected, a drain of the fourth NMOS transistor, another end of the first resistor, and a base of the first PNP transistor are connected, and a drain of the fifth NMOS transistor, a source of the first resistor, and a collector of the first NPN transistor are connected to ground, The other end of the second capacitor is connected with the emitting electrode of the first PNP triode, the collector electrode of the first PNP triode is connected with the base electrode of the first NPN triode, the connecting end of the first PNP triode is the second output end of the primary side circuit of the flyback converter, the emitter of the first NPN triode is connected with the emitter of the second NPN triode, the connection end of the first NPN triode is the first output end of the primary circuit of the flyback converter, the base electrode of the second NPN triode is connected with the collector electrode of the second PNP triode, the base electrode of the second PNP triode is connected with the other end of the second resistor, the emitter electrode of the second PNP triode is the third input end of the primary side circuit of the flyback converter, the other end of the third capacitor is a fourth input end of the primary circuit of the flyback converter.
3. The self-powered cooperative collection system for vibrational energy, thermal energy and optical energy as claimed in claim 1, wherein the secondary side circuit of the flyback converter comprises a first diode, a fourth capacitor, a fifth capacitor, a third resistor, a fourth resistor and a first linear regulator, the fourth capacitor and the fifth capacitor are both nonpolar capacitors, the anode of the first diode is the first input terminal of the secondary side circuit of the flyback converter, the cathode of the first diode, one end of the third resistor and the voltage input terminal of the first linear regulator are connected, the connection terminal of the first diode and the cathode of the first diode and the connection terminal of the third diode and the voltage input terminal of the first linear regulator are the second output terminal of the secondary side circuit of the flyback converter, the other end of the third resistor, one end of the fourth resistor and the enabling input terminal of the first linear regulator are connected, and the other end of the fourth resistor, the third resistor and the fourth resistor are connected to the enabling input terminal of the first linear regulator, One end of the fourth capacitor, one end of the fifth capacitor and the grounding end of the first linear voltage stabilizer are all grounded, the other end of the fourth capacitor is a second input end of the secondary side circuit of the flyback converter, the voltage output end of the first linear voltage stabilizer is connected with the other end of the fifth capacitor, and the connecting end of the voltage output end of the first linear voltage stabilizer is a first output end of the secondary side circuit of the flyback converter.
4. A self-powered cooperative collection system of vibrational energy, thermal energy and optical energy as recited in claim 1, wherein said pwm control circuit comprises a first not gate, a first and gate, a first operational amplifier, a first comparator, a second comparator, a sixth NMOS transistor, a fifth resistor, a sixth resistor, a seventh resistor, an eighth resistor, a ninth resistor, a tenth resistor, an eleventh resistor, a twelfth resistor, a thirteenth resistor, a sixth capacitor and a seventh capacitor, wherein said sixth capacitor and said seventh capacitor are all nonpolar capacitors, a drain of said sixth NMOS transistor, a power source of said first operational amplifier, a power source of said first comparator, a power source of said second comparator, one end of said eighth resistor and one end of said thirteenth resistor are connected and a connection end thereof is a power source of said pwm control circuit, a gate of the sixth NMOS transistor is connected to one end of the fifth resistor, a connection end of the sixth NMOS transistor is connected to an input end of the pwm control circuit, a source of the sixth NMOS transistor, one end of the sixth resistor, one end of the sixth capacitor is connected to an input end of the first not gate, an output end of the first not gate is connected to one input end of the first and gate, an inverting input end of the first operational amplifier and one end of the seventh resistor are connected to one end of the seventh capacitor, the other end of the seventh resistor, an output end of the first comparator and one end of the tenth resistor are connected, a positive-phase input end of the first operational amplifier, the other end of the eighth resistor, one end of the ninth resistor are connected to an inverting input end of the first comparator, a positive-phase input end of the first comparator, a negative-phase input end of the second comparator, and an output end of the second comparator are connected to a positive-phase input end of the first and second comparator respectively, The other end of the tenth resistor is connected with one end of the eleventh resistor, the inverting input end of the second comparator, the output end of the first operational amplifier, the other end of the seventh capacitor are connected with the other end of the eleventh resistor, the non-inverting input end of the second comparator, one end of the twelfth resistor and the other end of the thirteenth resistor are connected, the output end of the second comparator is connected with the other input end of the first AND gate, the output end of the first AND gate is the output end of the pulse width modulation control circuit, the other end of the fifth resistor, the other end of the sixth capacitor, the ground terminal of the first operational amplifier, the ground terminal of the first comparator, the ground terminal of the second comparator, the other end of the ninth resistor, and the other end of the twelfth resistor are all grounded.
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