CN108258811B - Composite energy acquisition circuit - Google Patents

Composite energy acquisition circuit Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108258811B
CN108258811B CN201810082955.4A CN201810082955A CN108258811B CN 108258811 B CN108258811 B CN 108258811B CN 201810082955 A CN201810082955 A CN 201810082955A CN 108258811 B CN108258811 B CN 108258811B
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tube
energy
diode
storage capacitor
energy storage
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CN108258811A (en
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夏银水
王修登
施阁
叶益迭
钱利波
夏桦康
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Ningbo University
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Ningbo University
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J15/00—Systems for storing electric energy
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/32—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from a charging set comprising a non-electric prime mover rotating at constant speed

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • General Electrical Machinery Utilizing Piezoelectricity, Electrostriction Or Magnetostriction (AREA)
  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a composite energy acquisition circuit which is characterized by comprising a thermoelectric generation sheet, a piezoelectric sheet, a positive and negative peak detection module, a zero potential switching module, a first inductor, a first diode, a first energy storage capacitor, a second energy storage capacitor and a load; the energy collection device has the advantages that the parasitic capacitance in the piezoelectric sheet and the first energy storage capacitor are connected in series to generate LC oscillation, charges accumulated on the parasitic capacitance in the piezoelectric sheet and the first energy storage capacitor are transferred to the first inductance, when the current on the first inductance reaches the maximum value, the first PNP tube or the second PNP tube is immediately disconnected through the positive and negative peak detection module, then the energy stored on the first inductance is fully flowed to the load and the second energy storage capacitor through the first diode, and the whole circuit is completely self-started and self-powered and can continuously collect thermoelectric energy and piezoelectric vibration energy in the environment, so that the energy collection efficiency of the whole circuit is improved, and the use cost is reduced.

Description

Composite energy acquisition circuit
Technical Field
The invention relates to an energy acquisition circuit, in particular to a composite energy acquisition circuit.
Background
The piezoelectric vibration energy collection is a method for collecting vibration energy in the environment by utilizing the piezoelectric effect of piezoelectric materials, because the output voltage of a piezoelectric sheet is an alternating current signal and general electronic equipment is powered by a direct current power supply, an interface circuit is needed between the piezoelectric sheet and the electronic equipment, the conversion from alternating current voltage to direct current voltage is realized through the interface circuit, the higher the conversion efficiency of the interface circuit is, the better the conversion efficiency of the interface circuit is, the first proposed interface circuit is a standard energy capture circuit, and the interface circuit consists of a diode bridge rectifier circuit and a filter capacitor.
The temperature difference power generation piece can collect energy by utilizing the temperature difference in the environment, but the temperature difference in the environment is smaller in general, the open-circuit voltage of the temperature difference power generation piece is very low, and factors such as the efficiency of an energy collection circuit between the power generation piece and a load increase the difficulty of utilizing the temperature difference energy; at present, the thermoelectric energy collection circuit is mainly divided into a capacitive charge pump circuit and an inductive boost circuit, and the charge pump circuit can boost the voltage of a thermoelectric generation sheet, but the charge pump structure has weak driving capability, and the low-voltage charge pump circuit has lower efficiency; although the inductance boost circuit has high efficiency and strong capacity of driving a load, the open-circuit voltage of a common thermoelectric generation sheet is lower than the threshold voltage of a switching tube, so that the inductance boost circuit often needs an external power supply, cannot be started automatically when the external power supply is not connected, and the use cost is increased.
In order to obtain more energy from the environment and improve the total power of the environmental energy collection, researchers have proposed the idea of multi-source energy collection, namely, collecting energy in various forms such as vibration energy, heat energy, microwave radiation and the like in the environment, but because signals generated by different energy sources are completely different, different signals cannot be directly coupled together, a common multi-source energy collection system generally adopts a comparison method, namely, one energy with stronger energy is collected by comparing the sizes of two energy densities, so that the other energy cannot be collected, and the overall collection efficiency is affected.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a composite energy acquisition circuit capable of simultaneously acquiring piezoelectric vibration energy and thermoelectric energy, and the energy acquisition efficiency is higher.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows: the composite energy acquisition circuit comprises a temperature difference power generation sheet, a piezoelectric sheet, a positive and negative peak detection module, a zero potential switching module, a first inductor, a first diode, a first energy storage capacitor, a second energy storage capacitor and a load, wherein the positive and negative peak detection module comprises a first NPN tube, a second NPN tube, a first PNP tube, a second PNP tube, a fourth diode, a fifth diode and a first capacitor, a first pin of the temperature difference power generation sheet, one end of the first energy storage capacitor and one end of the first inductor are connected, the other end of the first inductor, the positive electrode of the first diode, the emitter of the first PNP tube and the emitter of the second PNP tube are connected, the negative electrode of the first diode, the positive electrode of the second energy storage capacitor and one end of the load are connected, the collector of the second PNP tube, the base of the second NPN tube, the negative electrode of the fifth diode, the first input end of the zero potential switching module and the 1 st pin of the piezoelectric plate are connected, the collector of the first PNP tube, the base of the first NPN tube, the negative electrode of the fourth diode, the second input end of the zero potential switching module and the 2 nd pin of the piezoelectric plate are connected, the base of the first PNP tube is connected with the collector of the first NPN tube, the base of the second PNP tube is connected with the collector of the second NPN tube, the positive electrode of the fifth diode, the emitter of the second NPN tube and one end of the first capacitor are connected, the other end of the first capacitor, the positive electrode of the fourth diode and the emitter of the first NPN tube are connected, the 2 nd pin of the thermoelectric generation plate, the other end of the first energy storage capacitor, the negative electrode of the second energy storage capacitor, the other end of the load and the grounding end of the zero potential switching module are grounded.
The zero potential switching module comprises a second diode and a third diode, wherein the positive electrode of the second diode is connected with the 1 st pin of the piezoelectric sheet, the positive electrode of the third diode is connected with the 2 nd pin of the piezoelectric sheet, and the negative electrode of the second diode and the negative electrode of the third diode are grounded.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that the first inductance is connected in series with the parasitic capacitance in the piezoelectric sheet and the first energy storage capacitor charged by the thermoelectric generation sheet to generate LC oscillation, the charge accumulated on the parasitic capacitance in the piezoelectric sheet and the charge accumulated on the first energy storage capacitor are transferred to the first inductance, when the current on the first inductance reaches the maximum value, the first PNP tube or the second PNP tube is immediately disconnected through the positive and negative peak detection module, and then the energy stored on the first inductance is fully flowed to the load and the second energy storage capacitor through the first diode, so that the whole circuit is completely self-started and self-powered, and can continuously collect thermoelectric energy and piezoelectric vibration energy in the environment, thereby improving the energy collection efficiency of the whole circuit and reducing the use cost.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic circuit structure of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the embodiments of the drawings.
The composite energy acquisition circuit comprises a temperature difference power generation sheet U1, a piezoelectric sheet U2, a positive and negative peak detection module, a zero potential switching module, a first inductor L1, a first diode D1, a first energy storage capacitor Ct, a second energy storage capacitor Cr and a load RL, wherein the positive and negative peak detection module comprises a first NPN tube Q1, a second NPN tube Q3, a first PNP tube Q2, a second PNP tube Q4, a fourth diode D4, a fifth diode D5 and a first capacitor C1, the 1 st pin of the temperature difference power generation sheet U1, one end of the first energy storage capacitor Ct and one end of the first inductor L1 are connected, the other end of the first inductor L1, the positive electrode of the first diode D1, the emitter of the first PNP tube Q2 and the emitter of the second PNP tube Q4 are connected, the negative electrode of the first diode D1, the positive electrode of the second energy storage capacitor Cr and one end of the load RL are connected, the collector of the second PNP tube Q4, the base of the second NPN tube Q3, the negative electrode of the fifth diode D5, the first input end of the zero potential switching module and the 1 st pin of the piezoelectric film U2 are connected, the collector of the first PNP tube Q2, the base of the first NPN tube Q1, the negative electrode of the fourth diode D4, the second input end of the zero potential switching module and the 2 nd pin of the piezoelectric film U2 are connected, the base of the first PNP tube Q2 is connected with the collector of the first NPN tube Q1, the base of the second PNP tube Q4 is connected with the collector of the second NPN tube Q3, the positive electrode of the fifth diode D5, the emitter of the second NPN tube Q3 and one end of the first capacitor C1 are connected, the other end of the first capacitor C1, the positive electrode of the fourth diode D4 and the emitter of the first NPN tube Q1 are connected, the 2 nd pin of the thermoelectric generation film U1, the other end of the first energy storage capacitor Ct, the negative electrode of the second energy storage capacitor Cr, the other end of the load RL and the grounding end of the zero potential switching module are grounded.
The zero potential switching module comprises a second diode D2 and a third diode D3, wherein the positive electrode of the second diode D2 is connected with the 1 st pin of the piezoelectric sheet U2, the positive electrode of the third diode D3 is connected with the 2 nd pin of the piezoelectric sheet U2, and the negative electrode of the second diode D2 and the negative electrode of the third diode D3 are grounded.
The energy collection principle of the circuit adopting the structure is as follows: defining that when the voltage of the 1 st pin of the piezoelectric sheet U2 is higher than the voltage of the 2 nd pin as a positive half cycle, in the positive half cycle, the temperature difference generating sheet U1 charges the first energy storage capacitor Ct, the voltage difference between the 1 st pin and the 2 nd pin of the piezoelectric sheet U2 is gradually increased, the second NPN tube Q3, the fourth diode D4, the first capacitor C1 and the piezoelectric sheet U2 form a loop, the piezoelectric sheet U2 charges the first capacitor C1 through the loop until the voltage difference between the 1 st pin and the 2 nd pin of the piezoelectric sheet U2 reaches a peak value, then the voltage difference starts to be reduced, the voltage of the 2 nd pin of the piezoelectric sheet U2 is increased, but the electric charge accumulated on the first capacitor C1 is not released by the loop, so that the base voltage of the first NPN tube Q1 is higher than the emitter voltage of the first NPN tube Q1, the voltage difference between the two is gradually increased until the voltage difference between the two is higher than the threshold voltage of the first NPN tube Q1, the first NPN tube Q1 is conducted, and the first PNP tube Q2 is simultaneously conducted, and the electric charge can be transferred to one of the first capacitor LC 2 through the first capacitor C2 and the first capacitor C2, and the first capacitor LC 2 is converted to form one of the oscillation loops; when the current on the first inductor L1 reaches the maximum value, the charge on the first capacitor C1 is released completely, so that the first PNP tube Q2 is disconnected, and therefore the current on the first inductor L1 can only flow to the second energy storage capacitor Cr and the load RL through the first diode D1, the conversion from magnetic energy to electric energy is completed, and the energy extraction of a positive half period is realized; defining that when the voltage of the 1 st pin of the piezoelectric sheet U2 is lower than the voltage of the 2 nd pin, in the negative half period, the temperature difference generating sheet U1 charges the first energy storage capacitor Ct, the voltage difference between the two ends of the piezoelectric sheet U2 gradually increases, and the first NPN tube Q1, the fifth diode D5, the first capacitor C1 and the piezoelectric sheet U2 form a loop, the piezoelectric sheet U2 charges the first capacitor C1 through the loop until the voltage difference between the two ends of the piezoelectric sheet U2 reaches a peak value, the voltage difference starts to decrease, the voltage of the 1 st pin of the piezoelectric sheet U2 starts to increase, but since the accumulated charge on the first capacitor C1 is not released, the base voltage of the second NPN tube Q3 is higher than the emitter voltage of the second NPN tube Q3, and the voltage difference between the two is gradually increased until the voltage difference between the two is greater than the threshold voltage of the second NPN tube Q3, at this time the second NPN tube Q3 is turned on, therefore, the second PNP tube Q4 is conducted, meanwhile, the voltage of the 1 st pin of the piezoelectric sheet U2 is lower than the voltage of the 2 nd pin, so that the 2 nd pin of the piezoelectric sheet U2 is grounded through the third diode D3, therefore, the piezoelectric sheet U2, the third diode D3, the first inductor L1, the first energy storage capacitor Ct and the second PNP tube Q4 form an LC oscillating circuit, and the LC oscillating circuit can transfer the accumulated charges on the first capacitor C1 to the first inductor L1 through one quarter of LC oscillating period, meanwhile, the conversion from electric energy to magnetic energy is completed, when the current on the first inductor L1 reaches the maximum value, the charges on the first capacitor C1 are released completely, the second PNP tube Q4 is disconnected, and therefore, the current on the first inductor L1 can only flow to the second energy storage capacitor Cr and the load RL through the first diode D1, the conversion from magnetic energy to electric energy is completed, thereby enabling energy extraction for the negative half cycle.

Claims (2)

1. The composite energy collecting circuit is characterized by comprising a thermoelectric generation sheet, a piezoelectric sheet, a positive and negative peak detection module, a zero potential switching module, a first inductor, a first diode, a first energy storage capacitor, a second energy storage capacitor and a load, wherein the positive and negative peak detection module comprises a first NPN tube, a second NPN tube, a first PNP tube, a second PNP tube, a fourth diode, a fifth diode and a first capacitor, one end of the thermoelectric generation sheet is connected with one end of the first energy storage capacitor and one end of the first inductor, the other end of the first inductor, the positive electrode of the first NPN tube, the positive electrode of the first PNP tube and the positive electrode of the second PNP tube are connected with one end of the load, the negative electrode of the second energy storage capacitor is connected with one end of the load, the negative electrode of the second NPN tube, the base electrode of the fifth NPN tube, the negative potential of the first NPN tube, one end of the zero potential switching module and one end of the first NPN tube are connected with one end of the first inductor, the positive electrode of the first NPN tube, the positive electrode of the second NPN tube and the second PNP tube are connected with one end of the second PNP tube, the negative electrode of the second PNP tube is connected with one end of the second PNP tube, the fourth NPN tube is connected with one end of the fourth NPN tube, the fourth NPN tube is connected with one end of the positive electrode of the second PNP tube, the fourth NPN tube is connected with one end of the second NPN tube, the negative electrode is connected with the negative electrode of the second PNP tube, the second PNP tube is connected with the second PNP, the fourth PNP, and the fourth PNP and the fourth electrode, and the fourth electrode, the other end of the first energy storage capacitor, the negative electrode of the second energy storage capacitor, the other end of the load and the grounding end of the zero potential switching module are grounded.
2. The composite energy harvesting circuit of claim 1, wherein the zero-potential switching module comprises a second diode and a third diode, wherein the positive electrode of the second diode is connected with the 1 st pin of the piezoelectric sheet, the positive electrode of the third diode is connected with the 2 nd pin of the piezoelectric sheet, and the negative electrode of the second diode and the negative electrode of the third diode are grounded.
CN201810082955.4A 2018-01-29 2018-01-29 Composite energy acquisition circuit Active CN108258811B (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109245748A (en) * 2018-10-16 2019-01-18 中国石油大学(华东) A kind of power-off self-start circuit
CN110112816B (en) * 2019-05-14 2024-05-10 宁波大学 Expandable multi-source environment energy capture interface circuit based on single inductor
CN113556045B (en) * 2021-07-30 2022-12-23 山东大学 Self-powered piezoelectric energy collection interface circuit without secondary overturning

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