Lattice-matched silicon-based GaInNP vertical cavity surface emitting laser
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of semiconductor lasers, in particular to a lattice-matched silicon-based GaInNP vertical cavity surface emitting laser.
Background
In recent years, the semiconductor laser industry has been greatly developed, and semiconductor Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Lasers (VCSELs) have attracted much attention as development driving in the fields of communication, 3D sensing, AR/VR, and the like. The VCSEL with the lasing wavelength of 808nm can be applied to the fields of laser welding, cutting, medical treatment, military and the like, the VCSEL with the lasing wavelength of 850nm can be widely applied to high-speed optical fiber communication and short-distance data communication, the VCSEL with the lasing wavelength of 940nm can be applied to 3D sensing, the functions of face recognition and the like are achieved, the VCSEL is applied to the field of mobile phones at present, and the market prospect is very good.
However, most of the VCSEL materials are made of GaAs substrates, and the technology for bonding the VCSEL materials to a crystalline silicon integrated circuit is complex in the application process. If a VCSEL material based on a crystalline silicon substrate can be developed, the development of a silicon photon technology can be greatly promoted, so that the semiconductor laser technology can be rapidly applied to a crystalline silicon integrated circuit. The key technology of the semiconductor laser in the material preparation process is to improve the crystal quality of the material, and the important premise for improving the crystal quality is to keep the lattice matching of the material and the substrate. The lattice constants of the semiconductor compounds GaP, AlP and Si are very close, and researchers have found that after about 2% of N atoms are doped into GaP and AlP materials to form the materials gapp and AlNP, the lattice constants are perfectly matched to the crystalline silicon substrate (w. Shan, w. Walukiewicz, k.m. Yu, et al, Applied Physics Letters 76 (22), 3251-materials 3253 (2000)). Meanwhile, researches show that if In atoms are doped into a GaInNP alloy to form a GaInNP quaternary alloy material, the material band gap can be continuously adjusted between 1.3-1.7 eV (the achievable range of the lasing wavelength is 730-950 nm) by changing the N component, and meanwhile, the material band gap can also keep lattice matching with a Si material (S, Almosni, C, Robert, T, Nguyen Thanh, et al, Journal of Applied Physics 113 (12), 123509 (2013)), and the material is very suitable for being combined with a crystalline silicon material to prepare a semiconductor laser.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a lattice-matched silicon-based GaInNP vertical cavity surface emitting laser to solve the technical problem.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a lattice-matched silicon-based GaInNP vertical cavity surface emitting laser comprises a Si substrate and is characterized in that: the Si substrate is an n-type Si single wafer, an n-type GaNP buffer layer, an n-type DBR structure layer, a GaNP/GaInNP/GaNP multi-quantum well active region and a p-type DBR structure layer are sequentially arranged on the upper surface of the Si substrate from top to bottom according to a layered superposition structure, a lower electrode is arranged on the lower surface of the Si substrate, and an upper electrode is arranged on the upper surface of the p-type DBR structure layer.
Preferably, all material layer lattice constants of the n-type GaNP buffer layer, the n-type DBR structure layer, the GaNP/GaInNP/GaNP multi-quantum well active region and the p-type DBR structure layer are kept the same as the Si substrate.
Preferably, the n-type DBR structure layer is composed of multiple layers of n-type doped GaNP/AlNP, and the number of pairs of GaNP/AlNP is 20-30.
Preferably, the optical band gap of the GaInNP material in the GaNP/GaInNP/GaNP multi-quantum well active region is 1.3-1.7 eV, and the number of the quantum wells is 1-5.
Preferably, the p-type DBR structure layer is composed of p-type doped GaNP/AlNP, and the number of pairs of GaNP/AlNP is 15-25.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the invention, firstly, a monocrystalline Si substrate is utilized, the characteristics of compound materials such as GaNP, AlNP and GaInNP are combined, secondly, an n-type GaNP buffer layer, an n-type DBR structure layer, a GaNP/GaInNP/GaNP multi-quantum well active region and a p-type DBR structure layer are arranged on the upper surface of the Si substrate, finally, a vertical cavity surface emitting laser with the lasing wavelength of 730-950 nm can be obtained, and finally, the lattice-matched silicon-based GaInNP vertical cavity surface emitting laser can be rapidly integrated with a silicon-based microelectronic device, the development of a silicon photon integration technology is promoted, and the popularization and application of the vertical cavity surface emitting laser are accelerated.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
Reference numerals: 1. an upper electrode; 2. a p-type DBR structure layer; 3. a GaNP/GaInNP/GaNP multi-quantum well active region; 4. an n-type DBR structure layer; 5. an n-type GaNP buffer layer; 6. a Si substrate; 7. and a lower electrode.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical means, the original characteristics, the achieved purposes and the effects of the invention easily understood, the invention is further described below with reference to the specific embodiments and the attached drawings, but the following embodiments are only the preferred embodiments of the invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the implementation, other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without any creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Specific embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, a lattice-matched silicon-based gainp vertical cavity surface emitting laser includes a Si substrate 6, the Si substrate 6 is an n-type Si single crystal wafer, an n-type GaNP buffer layer 5, an n-type DBR structure layer 4, a GaNP/gainp/GaNP multiple quantum well active region 3, and a p-type DBR structure layer 2 are sequentially disposed on an upper surface of the Si substrate 6 from top to bottom according to a layered stack structure, a lower electrode 7 is disposed on a lower surface of the Si substrate 6, an upper electrode 1 is disposed on an upper surface of the p-type DBR structure layer 2, the n-type GaNP buffer layer 5, the n-type DBR structure layer 4, the GaNP/gainp multiple quantum well active region 3, and the p-type DBR structure layer 2 all have the same material layer lattice constant as the Si substrate 6, the n-type DBR structure layer 4 is composed of multiple layers of n-type doped GaNP/AlNP, the GaNP/alinp/gainp are 20-30 pairs, and the GaNP/gainp/innp/multi quantum well active region 3 has a bandgap 1 eV 1 The number of the quantum wells is 1-5, the p-type DBR structure layer 2 is composed of p-type doped GaNP/AlNP, and the number of pairs of GaNP/AlNP is 15-25.
A preparation method of a lattice-matched silicon-based GaInNP vertical cavity surface emitting laser comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting a 4-inch n-type single crystal Si sheet as a substrate, and growing an n-type GaNP buffer layer 5 on the upper surface of a Si substrate 6 by adopting a Metal Organic Chemical Vapor Deposition (MOCVD) technology, wherein the thickness of the n-type GaNP buffer layer is 500 nm;
s2, growing an n-type DBR structure layer 4 on the n-type GaNP buffer layer 5 by adopting an MOCVD technology, wherein the DBR material combination is n-type doped GaNP/AlNP, and the logarithm is 30 pairs;
s3, growing a GaNP/GaInNP/GaNP multi-quantum well active region 3 on the n-type DBR structural layer 4 by adopting an MOCVD technology, wherein the number of quantum wells is 3;
s4, growing a p-type DBR structure layer 2 on the active region by adopting an MOCVD technology, wherein the DBR material combination is p-type doped GaNP/AlNP, and the logarithm is 25 pairs;
and S5, preparing electrodes on the upper surface and the lower surface of the epitaxial material sheet by adopting a metal evaporation and photoetching method, and forming ohmic contact by adopting an annealing method.
The working principle is as follows: according to the invention, by utilizing the single crystal Si substrate 6 and combining the self characteristics of compound materials such as GaNP, AlNP and GaInNP, an n-type GaNP buffer layer 5, an n-type DBR structure layer 4, a GaNP/GaInNP/GaNP multi-quantum well active region 3 and a p-type DBR structure layer 2 are arranged on the upper surface of the Si substrate 6, and finally, the vertical cavity surface emitting laser with the lasing wavelength of 730-950 nm can be obtained. The lattice-matched silicon-based GaInNP vertical cavity surface emitting laser can be rapidly integrated with a silicon-based microelectronic device, and the development of a silicon photonic integration technology and the application of the vertical cavity surface emitting laser are promoted. In a word, the semiconductor vertical cavity surface emitting laser can be prepared on the basis of the crystalline silicon substrate widely applied to the integrated circuit, has high application value and is worthy of popularization.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, "above" or "below" a first feature means that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact with each other via another feature therebetween. Also, the first feature being "on," "above" and "over" the second feature includes the first feature being directly on and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicating that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature includes the first feature being directly under and obliquely below the second feature, or simply meaning that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles, essential features, and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in the above embodiments and the description, and are not intended to limit the present invention. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.