CN112151949A - Luneberg lens antenna - Google Patents
Luneberg lens antenna Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN112151949A CN112151949A CN201910558566.9A CN201910558566A CN112151949A CN 112151949 A CN112151949 A CN 112151949A CN 201910558566 A CN201910558566 A CN 201910558566A CN 112151949 A CN112151949 A CN 112151949A
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- Prior art keywords
- luneberg lens
- dielectric plate
- lens antenna
- antenna
- luneberg
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- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003989 dielectric material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
- H01Q19/06—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using refracting or diffracting devices, e.g. lens
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
- H01Q19/10—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces
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- Aerials With Secondary Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a luneberg lens antenna, which comprises a feed source, wherein the feed source comprises a dielectric plate and a radiation patch arranged on the surface of the dielectric plate; the dielectric plate is rectangular; the long axis extending direction of the dielectric plate is the same as the direction of the wave beam to be optimized. By applying the embodiment of the invention, the sidelobe level of the Luneberg lens antenna can be reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a luneberg lens antenna and a device, in particular to a luneberg lens antenna.
Background
The luneberg lens antenna takes a spherical shape as a basic shape and comprises a luneberg lens and a feed source arranged on the luneberg lens. A luneberg lens antenna is a lens antenna that focuses electromagnetic waves through a dielectric to a focal point. The lens is a sphere made of dielectric materials and can converge electromagnetic waves transmitted from all directions to a corresponding point on the surface of the lens. In the part infinitely close to the surface of the sphere, the dielectric constant of the material is 1, namely the material is the same as the dielectric constant of air; the dielectric constant of the sphere center is 2, and the dielectric constant of the material of the sphere from the surface to the center is gradually changed.
Luneberg lens antennas are typically designed for a specific target incident electromagnetic wave. The incident electromagnetic wave of the target penetrates the surface of the sphere and then is refracted and focused on the focus on the other surface of the sphere, the incident directions of different electromagnetic wave signals are different, and the focal positions of convergence on the spherical surface are also different. Therefore, under the condition that the Luneberg lens antenna is a complete sphere, the angle and the azimuth of the received signal are wide, and a plurality of signals can be received simultaneously without changing the position of the lens antenna by simply moving the position of the feed source along the surface of the lens or placing a plurality of feed sources. Based on a similar principle, the dragon lens antenna can be used as a signal transmitting antenna for transmitting communication signals.
The level of a side lobe of an antenna radiation pattern of the conventional Luneberg lens is generally about-15 dB, but the level of the side lobe is required to be not higher than-20 dB in many application scenes, so that the technical problem of high evaluation of the side lobe exists in the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a luneberg lens antenna to solve the technical problem that the level of a side lobe of the luneberg lens antenna is high in the prior art.
The invention solves the technical problems through the following technical scheme:
the embodiment of the invention provides a Luneberg lens antenna which comprises a feed source, wherein the feed source comprises a dielectric plate and a radiation patch arranged on the surface of the dielectric plate;
the dielectric plate is rectangular;
the long axis extending direction of the dielectric plate is the same as the direction of the wave beam to be optimized.
Optionally, the antenna further includes: the luneberg lens is spherical;
the phase center of the radiation patch is the same as the signal transmitting direction of the luneberg lens antenna.
Optionally, the antenna further includes: the luneberg lens is partially spherical, and the center of the luneberg lens is positioned on the metal reflecting plate;
the electromagnetic wave emitted by the feed source emits signals by taking the center of the luneberg lens as a reflection point, and the propagation direction of the reflected signals is the same as the signal emission direction of the luneberg lens antenna.
Optionally, the width of the dielectric plate is not less than the width of the radiation patch.
Optionally, the dielectric plate is disposed on a surface of the luneberg lens.
Optionally, the length of the dielectric slab is not greater than a preset number times of the diameter of the luneberg lens, and the preset number is less than 1.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
by applying the embodiment of the invention, the rectangular dielectric plate is arranged on the luneberg lens antenna, so that the electromagnetic waves are collected in the direction, and the level of the side lobe is reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a feed source structure in a luneberg lens antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a luneberg lens antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a directional diagram of a luneberg lens antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is another directional diagram of a luneberg lens antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following examples are given for the detailed implementation and specific operation of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a luneberg lens antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention, and fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a luneberg lens antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.
It should be noted that, a luneberg lens antenna may include multiple feeds, such as 7 feeds in the embodiment shown in fig. 2, feed 10, feed 20, feed 30, feed 40, feed 50, feed 60, and feed 70; each feed comprises a dielectric plate and a radiating patch. The feed 10 is described as an example.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the antenna includes a feed 10, and the feed 10 includes: a dielectric plate 100 and a radiation patch 200 disposed on a surface of the dielectric plate 100;
the projection of the dielectric slab 100 on a plane perpendicular to the normal of the dielectric slab is rectangular;
the long axis of the dielectric plate 100 extends in the same direction as the beam to be optimized.
As shown in fig. 1, if the sidelobe level in the X-axis direction is to be optimized, the long axis extending direction of the dielectric plate 100 needs to be kept consistent with the X-axis direction; similarly, to optimize the side lobe level in the Y-axis or other directions, it is necessary to keep the long axis extending direction of the dielectric plate 100 in agreement with the Y-axis or the direction to be optimized. The radiation patch 200 is attached to a surface of the dielectric plate 100 facing the radiation direction of the luneberg lens antenna, and the radiation patch 200 is usually disposed at the center of the surface of the dielectric plate 100.
It is emphasized that the optimization described in the embodiments of the present invention focuses on reducing the side lobe level, i.e. reducing the noise signal strength.
In a specific implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, in order to adapt to the spherical luneberg lens, the antenna further includes: the luneberg lens 300, the luneberg lens 300 is spherical;
the extending direction of the connection line between the phase center of the radiation patch 200 and the luneberg lens 300 is the same as the signal transmitting direction of the luneberg lens antenna.
Illustratively, the luneberg lens 300 is spherical with a diameter of 8.5 λ; λ is the wavelength of the signal emitted by the luneberg lens antenna; and a radiation patch 200 disposed on the surface of the dielectric plate 100 for outputting signals.
As shown in fig. 3, the corresponding sidelobe levels of the feed sources 10 and 70 are less than about-21 dB, while the sidelobe level of the common feed source 10 is about-16 dB, which is reduced by 5 dB.
Fig. 4 is another directional diagram of a rectangular feed of a luneberg lens antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 4, the intensity of the side lobe in the X-axis direction is greatly compressed.
The dielectric plate of the existing feed source 10 is generally square, the corresponding beam widths are all around 7 degrees, as shown in fig. 3, but the beam width of the feed source 10 in the embodiment of the invention can reach 8.5 degrees, which is improved by 1.5 degrees, so that the luneberg lens antenna can have a wider beam coverage range by applying the embodiment of the invention.
By applying the embodiment of the invention shown in fig. 1, the rectangular dielectric plate is arranged on the luneberg lens antenna, so that the electromagnetic wave is folded towards the main lobe in the direction, and the level of the auxiliary lobe is reduced.
In addition, the optimization of the prior art luneberg lens antenna is usually the optimization of the luneberg lens, and the optimization of the luneberg lens 300 requires a long and arduous work of ensuring the luneberg lens 300 to have specific physical characteristics in a complicated mathematical modeling process, and the verification of theory must be restricted by the manufacturing level of the existing materials and structures. However, the feed source structure of the luneberg lens antenna is designed mainly based on the existing antenna theory and design basis, and does not involve complicated theoretical calculation and high-difficulty processing test work. Therefore, optimizing the feed structure of a luneberg lens antenna to optimize the side lobe levels is a simpler and more efficient means. By applying the embodiment of the invention, the optimization process of the luneberg lens antenna can be simplified. In addition, the embodiment of the invention has simple structure and easy realization, and does not increase the complexity and the efficiency of the system.
In a specific implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, the antenna further includes: the luneberg lens is partially spherical, and the center of the luneberg lens is positioned on the surface of the metal reflecting plate;
the electromagnetic wave emitted by the feed source 10 emits signals by taking the center of the luneberg lens as a reflection point, and the propagation direction of the reflected signals is the same as the signal emission direction of the luneberg lens antenna.
In practical applications, the luneberg lens 300 may be hemispherical, one-third spherical, or one-fifth spherical; the signal transmitted by the feed source 10 is reflected by a metal reflecting plate arranged according to the mirror image principle and then emitted.
The application of the embodiment of the invention can adapt to the luneberg lens with a non-complete spherical structure.
In a specific implementation of the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, the width of the dielectric plate 100 is not smaller than the width of the radiation patch 200.
It is emphasized that the width of the dielectric sheet 100 is smaller than the length of the dielectric sheet 100, and the radiation patch 200 is generally square.
In a specific implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, the dielectric plate is disposed on a surface of the luneberg lens 300.
In practical applications, the dielectric plate 100 and the radiation patch 200 may be a curved surface structure adapted to the curvature of the surface of the luneberg lens, i.e. the luneberg lens, and are disposed on the surface of the luneberg lens 300. The dielectric plate 100 and the radiation patch 200 may be provided inside the luneberg lens 300.
In a specific implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, the length of the dielectric slab is not greater than a preset number times of the diameter of the luneberg lens, and the preset number is less than 1.
In practical applications, the aspect ratio of the dielectric plate 100 is greater than 1:1, and the length of the dielectric plate 100 is not greater than 0.2 times the diameter of the luneberg lens.
The length of the dielectric plate 100 is greater than or equal to λ and less than or equal to the diameter of the luneberg lens 200, preferably, the length of the dielectric plate 100 is greater than or equal to λ and less than or equal to 0.5 times of the diameter of the luneberg lens 200; more preferably, the length of the dielectric plate 100 is equal to or greater than λ and equal to or less than 0.2 times the diameter of the luneberg lens 200.
In practical applications, the length and width of the dielectric plate 100 are not less than half the wavelength of the signal transmitted by the luneberg lens antenna.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The luneberg lens antenna is characterized by comprising a feed source, wherein the feed source comprises a dielectric plate and a radiation patch arranged on the surface of the dielectric plate;
the dielectric plate is rectangular;
the long axis extending direction of the dielectric plate is the same as the direction of the wave beam to be optimized.
2. A luneberg lens antenna as claimed in claim 1, further comprising: the luneberg lens is spherical;
the phase center of the radiation patch is the same as the signal transmitting direction of the luneberg lens antenna.
3. A luneberg lens antenna as claimed in claim 1, further comprising: the luneberg lens is partially spherical, and the center of the luneberg lens is positioned on the metal reflecting plate;
the electromagnetic wave emitted by the feed source emits signals by taking the center of the luneberg lens as a reflection point, and the propagation direction of the reflected signals is the same as the signal emission direction of the luneberg lens antenna.
4. A luneberg lens antenna as claimed in any one of claims 2 to 3, wherein the dielectric plate has a width not less than the width of the radiating patch.
5. A luneberg lens antenna as claimed in any one of claims 2 to 3, wherein the dielectric plate is provided on a surface of the luneberg lens.
6. A luneberg lens antenna as claimed in any one of claims 2 to 3, wherein the length of the dielectric slab is no greater than a predetermined number of times the diameter of the luneberg lens, and wherein the predetermined number is less than 1.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910558566.9A CN112151949A (en) | 2019-06-26 | 2019-06-26 | Luneberg lens antenna |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910558566.9A CN112151949A (en) | 2019-06-26 | 2019-06-26 | Luneberg lens antenna |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN112151949A true CN112151949A (en) | 2020-12-29 |
Family
ID=73868449
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910558566.9A Withdrawn CN112151949A (en) | 2019-06-26 | 2019-06-26 | Luneberg lens antenna |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN112151949A (en) |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101976755A (en) * | 2010-08-30 | 2011-02-16 | 电子科技大学 | High-efficiency dielectric lens antenna based on novel open-celled structure |
| CN105470659A (en) * | 2015-12-31 | 2016-04-06 | 电子科技大学 | Lightweight dielectric-filled multi-beam cylindrical Luneberg lens antenna |
| JP2017098743A (en) * | 2015-11-24 | 2017-06-01 | 株式会社村田製作所 | Luneberg lens antenna device |
| WO2019060596A2 (en) * | 2017-09-20 | 2019-03-28 | Cohere Technologies, Inc. | Low cost electromagnetic feed network |
| CN109841956A (en) * | 2018-10-08 | 2019-06-04 | 合肥若森智能科技有限公司 | A kind of low section array antenna based on the primary lens array of dragon |
-
2019
- 2019-06-26 CN CN201910558566.9A patent/CN112151949A/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101976755A (en) * | 2010-08-30 | 2011-02-16 | 电子科技大学 | High-efficiency dielectric lens antenna based on novel open-celled structure |
| JP2017098743A (en) * | 2015-11-24 | 2017-06-01 | 株式会社村田製作所 | Luneberg lens antenna device |
| CN105470659A (en) * | 2015-12-31 | 2016-04-06 | 电子科技大学 | Lightweight dielectric-filled multi-beam cylindrical Luneberg lens antenna |
| WO2019060596A2 (en) * | 2017-09-20 | 2019-03-28 | Cohere Technologies, Inc. | Low cost electromagnetic feed network |
| CN109841956A (en) * | 2018-10-08 | 2019-06-04 | 合肥若森智能科技有限公司 | A kind of low section array antenna based on the primary lens array of dragon |
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| WW01 | Invention patent application withdrawn after publication |
Application publication date: 20201229 |
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| WW01 | Invention patent application withdrawn after publication |