CN112147094A - Balanced type optical fiber array biochemical spectrum light splitting device - Google Patents
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- CN112147094A CN112147094A CN202010937659.5A CN202010937659A CN112147094A CN 112147094 A CN112147094 A CN 112147094A CN 202010937659 A CN202010937659 A CN 202010937659A CN 112147094 A CN112147094 A CN 112147094A
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/01—Arrangements or apparatus for facilitating the optical investigation
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Abstract
The invention provides a balanced optical fiber array biochemical spectrum light splitting device. The method is characterized in that: the optical fiber bundle detection device comprises a light source, a sample cell, an optical fiber bundle receiving end, an optical fiber bundle output end and a detector, wherein the optical fiber bundle receiving end is inserted into a sample cell fixing piece, the center of the optical fiber bundle receiving end is opposite to a light beam penetrating through a sample, and the optical fiber bundle output end is inserted into the detector. The light splitting device comprises a detector, a light beam bundle, a light filter, a light source and a light source, wherein the light filter with different parameters is plated at each optical fiber end forming the output end of the optical fiber bundle, so that the light splitting purpose is realized, each optical fiber forming the optical fiber bundle can screen light with specified wavelength, and the split light is transmitted to the detector through the optical fiber bundle. The invention can optimize the spatial position distribution of the optical fiber at the receiving end of the optical fiber bundle according to the spectral characteristics of the light source and the responsivity characteristics of the detector at different wavelengths, realizes the balance function, greatly improves the light splitting speed, realizes multi-wavelength light splitting, can improve the precision and stability of the result, reduces the product cost, and can be widely applied to the fields of biochemical detection, biochemical analysis instruments and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a balanced optical fiber array biochemical spectrum light splitting device, which can be used for a biochemical analyzer and belongs to the technical field of biochemical detection, biochemical analysis instruments and the like.
Background
The biochemical analyzer is a routine analyzer for clinical use in hospitals and is mainly used for measuring various biochemical indexes in human body fluid, such as blood routine, myocardial zymogram, blood sugar and blood fat, liver function, kidney function, immunoglobulin and other routine biochemical indexes. Colorimetric or turbidimetric analysis cannot be separated from optical systems, and therefore, the optical systems are the most important basic components of biochemical analyzers and mainly comprise light sources, light splitting devices and detectors. The quality of the optical system is directly related to the quality and stability of analysis. The light emitted by the light source enters the entrance slit of the instrument through the cuvette, is collimated into parallel light by the optical collimating mirror, is dispersed into monochromatic light with different wavelengths by the light splitting device, the angles of the different wavelengths leaving the light splitting device are different, the light is imaged on the exit slit by the focusing reflector, and then the light signals received by the detector are converted into electric signals for detection. The light splitting device of the biochemical analyzer can be divided into three light splitting devices, namely a prism, an interference filter and a grating.
The grating in the grating type light splitting device is a diffraction grating for short, and the principle is to split light by using the principle of light diffraction. The diffraction grating is divided into a transmission grating and a reflection grating, grating light splitting and an interference filter have obvious advantages such as stability and reliability, but the grating type light splitting device is expensive in manufacturing cost, so that the traditional body grating light splitting light path is fiberized, complicated and fine light path adjustment is omitted, each optical fiber of an optical fiber bundle is used for splitting light, and light of different wave bands is measured to distinguish substances to be measured.
The CN201120307849.5 patent discloses an optical detection system for spectrophotometer of automatic biochemical analyzer, which includes: the device comprises a light source, a collimating mirror, a cuvette, a focusing mirror, an incidence plate with a slit and an angle mirror, wherein the reflecting working surface of the angle mirror forms an acute angle with the axis, and a planar flat field holographic grating and an array detector are respectively arranged on two sides of the axis behind the angle mirror. It does not address the problem of multi-wavelength detection.
The CN200510130811.4 patent provides an optical system for a full-automatic biochemical analyzer, and the invention is characterized in that: the structure is simple, the redundant transmitting mirror and the condensing mirror are omitted, and the performance is stable. While the signal strength problem is solved by increasing the bandwidth to the array detector, the wavelength accuracy is reduced. In addition, due to the limitation of the area width of the array detector, multiple wavelengths cannot be detected simultaneously.
The above patents do not solve the problem of multi-wavelength detection, so the present invention discloses a balanced optical fiber array biochemical spectrum light splitting device, which uses the receiving end of the optical fiber bundle to transmit light and the output end of the optical fiber bundle to be coated with a film to filter part of the light to replace the traditional grating type and filter type light splitting device. The precision and the stability of the result are improved, and the stray light interference and the product cost are reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a balanced optical fiber array biochemical spectrum light splitting device which solves the problems of multi-wavelength detection, has a simple structure and is easy to adjust and suitable for a biochemical analyzer.
The principle of the biochemical analyzer is to perform optical colorimetry or turbidimetry on a chemical reaction solution, and quantify an object to be detected by calculating absorbance change at a reaction starting point and a reaction finishing point or monitoring the absorbance change rate of the whole reaction process. In the quantitative determination of chemical reaction of solution, the Lambert-beer law is the theoretical basis of the determination principle of a biochemical analyzer. Light is essentially an electromagnetic wave, and the Lambert-beer law is the basic law of light absorption, is applicable to all electromagnetic radiation and all light-absorbing substances including liquid, gas and the like, and is the theoretical basis of colorimetric analysis and spectrophotometry. When a beam of parallel light irradiates the solution in the sample cell 6, a part of the beam is absorbed by the solution, a part of the beam penetrates through the solution, and a part of the beam is reflected by the container containing the solution. When the intensity of the incident light is I0Absorbance of IaTransmittance of ItThe intensity of the reflected light is IrThen, there are:
I0＝Ia+It+Ir (1)
the containers for containing the reaction solution in the instrument are called colorimetric cups, which are all made of the same material and have the same specification and reflection intensity IrA constant value, which does not cause measurement errors, the above equation can be simplified as follows:
I0＝Ia+It (2)
the transmission light intensity as a percentage of the incident light intensity is expressed by transmittance T, that is,
lambert-beer's law, also known as the law of absorption of light, when the intensity of incident light is constant, the absorbance a of a solution is proportional to the concentration c of the solution, the thickness L of the liquid layer, i.e.:
A＝K·c·L (4)
where K is an absorption coefficient indicating the absorbance of the colored solution per unit concentration and per unit thickness.
The basic requirements for a light source in a biochemical analyzer are: providing continuous radiation in the working waveband range of the instrument, namely a light source can emit continuous spectrum so as to record a complete absorption spectrum; the radiation energy emitted by the light source has enough intensity, and the energy changes with the wavelength as little as possible; the stability is better; fourthly, the service life is longer. In practice, such ideal light sources do not exist. In clinical visual inspection, the intensity of the light source is kept constant, which is an important factor for obtaining accurate measurement results, and therefore, a device for stabilizing the power supply voltage is attached to the optical system of the biochemical analyzer, and the device is used for stabilizing the luminous intensity of the light source so as not to be influenced by the change of the external voltage.
The photoelectric detector is a device which converts light energy into electric energy by using photoelectric effect, and the conversion of optical signals into the change of electric signals in the measurement process can be quantitatively measured. Common photodetectors used in inspection instruments include photocells, phototubes, photomultiplier tubes, and the like. The photodetector for a biochemical analyzer must satisfy the following three conditions: firstly, photoelectric conversion must satisfy a constant functional relationship; wide wavelength response range; high sensitivity, fast response speed, easy detection and amplification of the generated electric signal and low noise. The silicon photocell is selected as the detector because the silicon photocell has excellent performance, and has the advantages of stable work, small volume, high reaction speed, simple photoelectric conversion device, convenient use and the like.
The light splitting method can be divided into front light splitting and rear light splitting. The traditional light splitting technology is generally adopted, and the existing automatic biochemical analyzer is generally adopted with the rear light splitting technology. The pre-splitting refers to splitting light of a light source lamp by using an optical filter, a prism or a grating according to different wavelength requirements, obtaining monochromatic light, irradiating the monochromatic light to a cuvette, and measuring the absorbance of a sample to the monochromatic light by using a photocell or a photocell as a detector. The post-light splitting technology is that a beam of white light is firstly irradiated on a cuvette, then is split by a light splitting device after passing through the cuvette, is simultaneously received by each wavelength, and a detector is used for detecting the light absorption amount of any wavelength.
A narrow band filter is a simple and inexpensive wavelength selector used by most semi-automatic biochemical analyzers today, and functions to selectively transmit light over a range of wavelengths. The filter characteristics of the filter are described by the maximum transmission wavelength (center wavelength) and the band half width (effective bandwidth). The maximum transmittance wavelength refers to the maximum transmittance of radiation at that wavelength, and the band half width refers to the wavelength range of the band at half the maximum transmittance, expressed in nanometers (nm), the smaller the band half width, the higher the purity of monochromatic light, and the band half width of a general optical filter is 5-10 nm. Because the invention uses the filter coating with different parameters plated on each fiber end of the fiber bundle output end to replace the narrow-band filter to split light, because of the light splitting requirement, the interference filter coating with different parameters is plated on each fiber end face forming the fiber bundle output end, the half bandwidth is less than or equal to 6nm, then each fiber is inserted into the ceramic inserting core to be fixed, and the connection with the detector is inserted into the ceramic inserting core in a plug mode.
The invention is realized by the following steps:
the optical fiber bundle filtering device comprises a light source, a sample cell, an optical fiber bundle receiving end, an optical fiber bundle output end and a detector, wherein the optical fiber bundle receiving end is inserted into a sample cell fixing piece, the center of the optical fiber bundle receiving end is opposite to a light beam penetrating through a sample, the optical fiber bundle output end is inserted into the detector, the optical fiber bundle output end is plated with filter coatings with different parameters to achieve the purpose of light splitting, each optical fiber forming the optical fiber bundle can screen light with specified wavelength, and the split light is transmitted to the detector through the optical fiber bundle to be detected.
16 optical fibers at the receiving end of the optical fiber bundle are arranged in a 4 multiplied by 4 square array, and the optical fibers forming the optical fiber bundle adopt large-core optical fibers with pure quartz cores.
And the optical fiber bundle receiving end is packaged, 16-hole fluorine-doped porous quartz sleeves which are arranged in the same way as the optical fiber bundle receiving end are adopted, the pure quartz large-core optical fibers are inserted into the holes, and the position of each optical fiber is fixed through dispensing, wherein the distribution of the quartz sleeve holes is the same as that of the optical fiber bundle receiving end.
The output end of the optical fiber bundle is output by adopting a linear array, each optical fiber end forming the optical fiber bundle is precisely ground to ensure that the surface of the optical fiber bundle is smooth, each optical fiber end is plated with an interference narrow-band light filtering film with different parameters, the half-band width is less than or equal to 6nm, and the light splitting function is realized by filtering light with unnecessary wavelength. And then inserting each optical fiber into the ceramic ferrule for fixing, wherein the output end of the optical fiber bundle is connected with the detector and inserted into the detector in a plug type.
The detector is a silicon photocell detector, wherein each detector is used for receiving light of different wave bands split by the output end of the optical fiber bundle and detecting signals.
The equalizing type can perform spatial position distribution of the optical fibers at the receiving end of the optical fiber bundle according to the spectral characteristics of the light source and the responsivity characteristics of the detector at different wavelengths, so that the equalizing function is realized.
The invention uses the optical fiber beam receiving end to transmit light and uses the optical fiber beam output end to coat and filter partial light to replace the traditional grating type and filter type light splitting device, thereby improving the result precision and stability and reducing the stray light interference and the product cost.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the relative intensity range of the light source and the detection wavelength range of the detector of the biochemical spectrum splitting device with the balanced fiber array.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the preferential transmission position of the optical fiber bundle for the ultraviolet band in the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the refractive index profile of a large-core optical fiber having a pure silica core used for constituting an optical fiber bundle according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a biochemical spectrum spectrometer with a balanced fiber array.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the inside of the fiber bundle receiving end and the fiber bundle output end of the balanced type fiber array biochemical spectrum spectrometer.
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the output end of the biochemical spectrum spectrometer with the balanced fiber array.
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a detector portion of a biochemical spectrum spectrometer with an equalized fiber array.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated below with reference to specific examples.
Example 1:
ultraviolet light with a wavelength of 340nm is often used in the detection items of the biochemical analyzer, so that special requirements are made on the emission of the ultraviolet light of the light source 7. The ultraviolet light emitted by a common bulb is quite weak, so a halogen lamp is selected. The working wavelength of the halogen lamp is generally 325nm-800nm, and the detection from ultraviolet light to visible light of a biochemical analyzer can be met. Moreover, the halogen lamp has the advantages of strong light, long service life, high luminous efficiency, small volume and the like. The wavelength range of the light to be split is 340nm-800nm, fig. 1 is an illustration, wherein (1) is a spectrogram of the selected halogen lamp of the invention, and (2) is a spectral response range schematic diagram of a silicon photocell detector 2 distributed in an array, which can detect the light with the wavelength of 340nm-800nm and is suitable for the invention.
Due to the particularity of the ultraviolet band, considering the problems of stable transmission distance, small loss and the like, the pure quartz core optical fiber 1 is selected, and meanwhile, in order to improve the light absorption efficiency, the large-core optical fiber 1 is adopted. As shown in fig. 1, it can be seen that the light intensity of the light source is very weak for light of 340nm, i.e. ultraviolet band, and in order to achieve the effect of the equilibrium type, light of 340nm band can be preferentially selected to transmit at the central position of the optical fiber bundle 5-1, such as the circled part of the block in fig. 2, so that the large-core optical fiber 1 with a pure quartz core is adopted in the present invention.
The optical fiber bundle 5-1 in FIG. 2 is composed of 16 lightsThe optical fiber 1 of the optical fiber bundle is a step-change optical fiber consisting of three parts, namely a fiber core with the diameter of 105 microns, a cladding with the diameter of 220 microns and a coating with the diameter of 320 microns, wherein the fiber core is made of a high-OH-quartz material, the cladding is made of a fluorine-doped quartz material, and the coating is made of an acrylic resin material. The refractive index profile of the optical fiber 1 is shown in FIG. 3, the core refractive index n1Refractive index n of cladding2The refractive index of the core is greater than that of the cladding.
The spatial position distribution of the optical fibers at the receiving end 5 of the optical fiber bundle can be optimized according to the spectral characteristics of the light source 7 and the responsivity characteristics of the detector 2 at different wavelengths.
Example 2:
as shown in fig. 4, a balanced fiber array biochemical spectrum spectrometer is composed of a light source 7, a sample cell 6, a fiber bundle receiving end 5, a fiber bundle output end 3 and a detector 2, wherein the fiber bundle receiving end 5 is inserted into a fixing member of the sample cell 6, the center of the fiber bundle receiving end is opposite to a light beam penetrating through a sample, and the fiber bundle output end 3 is inserted into the detector 2, wherein the fiber bundle receiving end 5, the fiber bundle output end 3 and the detector 2 are inserted, and are installed by using a screw and a nut 4.
Fig. 5 is an internal schematic view of an optical fiber bundle receiving end 5 and an optical fiber bundle output end 3, optical fibers 1 constituting the optical fiber bundle receiving end 5 are in a square array with 4 × 4 and 16 holes, the optical fiber bundle output end 3 is linearly arranged in a straight line, an interference filter film 3-1 with different parameters is coated on each optical fiber end surface of the output end, and the half bandwidth is less than or equal to 6nm, so as to achieve the purpose of light splitting, enable each optical fiber constituting the optical fiber bundle 5-1 to screen light with a specified wavelength, and transmit the split light to a detector 2 through the optical fiber bundle 5-1 for detection.
Example 3:
as shown in fig. 5, in order to make the refractive index of the optical fiber bundle 5-1 not affected, the optical fiber bundle receiving end 5 is packaged by using a 16-hole quartz sleeve 5-2 with a low refractive index and fluorine-doped 4 × 4 square array distribution, wherein the distribution of the quartz sleeve 5-2 is consistent with the distribution of the optical fiber bundle receiving end 5.
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the output end structure of the biochemical spectrum spectrometer with the balanced fiber array. Inserting each optical fiber into the ceramic ferrule 2-1, fixing by using adhesive dispensing, grinding the end face to be flat, plating an interference filter film 3-1 with different parameters on the end face of each optical fiber of the optical fiber bundle 5-1 due to light splitting requirements, wherein the half bandwidth is less than or equal to 6nm, and then linearly arranging each ceramic ferrule 2-1 in a straight line shape and fixing the ceramic ferrule inside a plug.
As shown in fig. 7, the detector 2 is an optical-electrical signal conversion device, and functions to receive an optical signal emitted from the optical splitting device and convert the optical signal into an electrical signal for measurement. The detector selected by the invention is a silicon photocell detector 2 distributed in a linear array, each optical fiber 1 at the output end 3 of the optical fiber bundle is output after passing through an interference filter film 3-1 with different parameters, 16 optical fibers are detected on the silicon photocell detector 2 distributed in the array, and the intensity calibration is carried out on the relative position.
The above examples are provided for clarity of illustration only and are not intended to limit the invention to the particular embodiments described. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the invention as claimed.
Claims (6)
1. A balance type optical fiber array biochemical spectrum light splitting device. The method is characterized in that: the optical fiber bundle filtering device comprises a light source, a sample cell, an optical fiber bundle receiving end, an optical fiber bundle output end and a detector, wherein the optical fiber bundle receiving end is inserted into a sample cell fixing piece, the center of the optical fiber bundle receiving end is opposite to a light beam penetrating through a sample, the optical fiber bundle output end is inserted into the detector, the optical fiber bundle output end is plated with filter coatings with different parameters to achieve the purpose of light splitting, each optical fiber forming the optical fiber bundle can screen light with specified wavelength, and the split light is transmitted to the detector through the optical fiber bundle to be detected.
2. A balanced optical fiber array biochemical spectroscopic device according to claim 1. The method is characterized in that: the receiving end of the optical fiber bundle is assembled by adopting an array, wherein the optical fibers forming the optical fiber bundle adopt optical fibers with large core diameter.
3. A balanced optical fiber array biochemical spectroscopic device according to claim 1. The method is characterized in that: and the receiving end of the optical fiber bundle is packaged by adopting a porous quartz sleeve with low refractive index array distribution, and the optical fibers with large core diameter are inserted into the holes, wherein the distribution of the quartz sleeve holes is the same as that of the receiving end of the optical fiber bundle.
4. A balanced optical fiber array biochemical spectroscopic device according to claim 1. The method is characterized in that: the output end of the optical fiber bundle adopts linear array output, each optical fiber end forming the optical fiber bundle is plated with a filter film with different parameters, and the function of light splitting is realized by filtering light with specified wavelength.
5. A balanced optical fiber array biochemical spectroscopic device according to claim 1. The method is characterized in that: the detector is a silicon photocell detector, wherein each detector is used for receiving light of different wave bands split by the output end of the optical fiber bundle and detecting signals.
6. A balanced optical fiber array biochemical spectroscopic device according to claim 1. The method is characterized in that: the equalizing type can perform spatial position distribution of the optical fibers at the receiving end of the optical fiber bundle according to the spectral characteristics of the light source and the responsivity characteristics of the detector at different wavelengths, so that the equalizing function is realized.
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Cited By (1)
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| CN113252636A (en) * | 2021-05-06 | 2021-08-13 | 河北大学 | Depth recognition Raman spectrum analysis system and analysis method |
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