CN112146630A - Near-shore hydrological element measurement method based on directional photography - Google Patents
Near-shore hydrological element measurement method based on directional photography Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of civil construction, water conservancy and transportation, and relates to a method for measuring offshore hydrological elements based on directional photography. The invention uses a directional remote control observation support to carry a camera to extend out of the river bank for a proper distance, determines the azimuth elements in the camera, adopts directional photography perpendicular to the flow field direction of the river surface to record the motion track of a tracer ball uniformly released in the range of the observed river bank, and then uses a horizontal equidistant control rod and a remote control automatic pay-off and take-up system to accurately release the underwater probe of the current meter at a large-scale distance. The invention solves the problem of scale increase in field test camera shooting flow field, realizes the directional vertical photography of the surface flow field in natural environment, and simultaneously accurately measures the water depth and flow velocity of different positions of the river section. The invention ensures the accuracy, reliability, operability and safety of field test observation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of civil construction, water conservancy and transportation, and relates to a method for measuring offshore hydrological elements based on directional photography.
Background
Since the country was built, China has achieved great success in yellow river management through river regulation and construction for many years, but in the garden mouth-high village section downstream of the yellow river, unstable swimming river sections are formed in the long evolution process due to the fact that much suspended sediment is carried. The river section has shallow river bed width, scattered water flow, indefinite main stream swing, irregular river trend change, severe river bed erosion and silt accumulation and rising trend, and abnormal river trends such as 'hanging river', 'cross river' and 'oblique river' occur. The river forms backflow after passing through the arc yellow river beach bank, so that the old beach is further washed, the river bank is extremely seriously collapsed, cultivated land nearby is reduced, crops are damaged, and lives and properties of residents are greatly threatened. The hydrological data of natural rivers are important data in the research process of numerous disciplines such as hydrology, river dynamics and the like on one hand, and are used as the basis for renovating and developing river channels on the other hand to verify the action, benefit and influence of the built engineering. Meanwhile, hydrologic data serve as a basis for revealing collapse and development rules of the downstream beach of the yellow river and provide an important basis for controlling damage of the wandering main stream to the river bank. Therefore, it is an important step in research to measure hydrological factors of river channel cross section by field observation means and record the hydrological factors in the form of numbers or images.
The method for measuring the surface flow velocity of natural river channels at home and abroad can be summarized into three types. The first type is analysis treatment after artificial timing or photographing by using buoy tracing. The observation records the time when the buoy passes through the upper and lower sections and the starting point distance when the buoy passes through the interrupted section. The starting distance may be determined by a cable with a marker crossing the cross-section or by crossing with a theodolite or a plate. The distance between the upper and lower sections is divided by the drift duration to obtain the float flow rate. Often times also multiplied by a float coefficient and converted to the average vertical flow rate. The disadvantages are that: when in an outdoor observation test, the method wastes time and labor, has low precision, is only suitable for the approximate measurement of the flow velocity of a single point, and cannot be used for the precise measurement of the flow velocity of a large area water area. The second method is to use a cable channel to hang a current meter on the cross section of the river channel for measurement, and has the following defects: the flow measuring mode needs supporting facilities such as land acquisition, station building construction, support installation, cable channel erection and the like, and needs a specially-assigned person to stay and guard the measuring station for a long time for operation, so that the working strength is high, the efficiency is relatively low, the construction period is long, in addition, the physical properties of the soil body close to the shore of the yellow river beach are poor, the weight of a cable channel device, a hydrological bridge measuring vehicle and the like cannot be borne, and the safety problem cannot be guaranteed. The third method is a non-contact river channel surface flow field testing method which utilizes a camera or a video camera erected on the ground to collect images, and because the camera or the video camera is arranged on the ground, the tested river channel surface range is limited, and an orthoimage cannot be obtained, so that the testing precision is reduced.
The directional photography is a new technology for finely shooting and observing an observation target from a specific observation angle by adopting a remote control support or an unmanned aerial vehicle and other devices. In a large conference or other meeting places, a camera and a rocker arm are commonly used to cooperate to shoot a large scene lens, so that directional shooting is realized. For example, a main shooting body can be shot in a bent manner by lifting a rocker arm (a remote control support) to a certain height, so that large-range panoramic shooting is realized. However, in the prior literature, there is no precedent for combining the remote control bracket and the camera for directional observation of river hydrological elements. When the on-site river on-site observation is carried out, a camera is often directly erected on the ground for observation, the range of the tested river surface is limited, a positive image cannot be obtained, and distortion correction of a transmission image is required.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a method for measuring offshore hydrological factors based on directional photography.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a method for measuring offshore hydrological elements based on directional photography comprises the following steps:
and (1) determining a flow field observation range by using a GPS (global positioning system) locator.
And (2) when the surface flow field is observed, in an observation range, carrying the camera 3 on a directional remote control observation frame 6 in the surface flow field observation device to extend out of a river bank, adjusting the position of the camera 3 through the directional remote control observation frame 6, determining an orientation element in the camera 3, and carrying out photographic observation in a direction vertical to the water surface.
Fixing a tracer ball distributor 2 in the surface flow field observation device on the top end of a horizontal equidistant control rod 1, extending out of the river bank to a distance to be measured, before each group of experiments begin to observe, controlling the tracer ball distributor 2 to be opened by a tester through a remote controller, and releasing a row of tracer balls distributed equidistantly in a direction perpendicular to the surface direction of the flow field to uniformly distribute the tracer balls on the surface of the water flow; recording the motion track of the tracer ball in the observation river bank range by using the camera 3 with the selected observation angle until the tracer ball completely leaves the observation range; the tracer balls move along with the water flow, the tracer balls which are uniformly and equidistantly thrown on the cross section of the river are gradually distributed to generate differences due to the non-uniformity of the flow velocity of the river so as to represent the flow velocity of different longitudinal points of the cross section of the river, an invisible flow field is visualized through the camera 3, the flow velocity qualitative differences of the cross section at the different longitudinal points are recorded and analyzed in a video mode, and the qualitative differences of the flow velocity of the cross section at the different longitudinal points are visually obtained from the.
And (4) when the offshore hydrological factors are measured, a tester pushes the horizontal equidistant control rod 1 in the offshore river section water depth and flow rate measuring device to change the position of the current meter 4 arranged at the front end of the horizontal equidistant control rod 1, and simultaneously controls the release of the current meter 4 through the remote control automatic pay-off and take-up device 7, so that the current meter 4 reaches different depths, the water depth and the flow rate of the section at different positions away from the river bank are measured, and the hydrological factors are measured on the next section.
The invention has the advantages that:
(1) the invention combines the remote control observation frame commonly used for large-scale conference shooting with the camera to directionally observe river hydrological factors, thereby realizing the large-scale vertical directional shooting of a river flow field during field test.
(2) The whole operation process can realize that the camera shoots vertical to the water surface of the river channel without carrying out transmission distortion correction on video images, the tracing ball is used for representing the flow velocity of the cross section of the river, and the invisible flow field is visualized by matching with the photographic video of the vertical water surface.
(3) The method can release the tracer balls in a large-scale equidistant manner on the surface of the river, and the small balls can closely follow the water flow to more accurately display the flow field under the condition of avoiding the artificial interference on the natural river.
(4) The feeding current meter using the method of the invention has the advantages of good adaptability, convenient carrying and simple operation, effectively overcomes the defects of complex operation, high working strength and low efficiency of the traditional measuring method, simultaneously avoids the subjectivity in manual measurement such as a buoy method and the like, and greatly improves the measuring precision while improving the efficiency of the current measuring operation.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a general plan view of a surface flow field observation and section water depth and flow velocity measuring device used in the present invention.
Fig. 2 is an elevation view of the surface flow field observing apparatus.
FIG. 3 is an elevation view of the device for measuring cross-sectional flow velocity and water depth.
Fig. 4 is an internal structure view of the electronic remote control line-winding and unwinding device.
Fig. 5 is a perspective view of a flow field tracer.
Fig. 6 is a detailed view of the control floor structure.
In the figure: 1 horizontal equidistant control rods; 2, a tracer ball distributor; 2-1 cover plate; 2-2 of box body; 2-3 control panel; 2-4 rotating the bearing; 2-5 power supply; 2-6 sliding electromagnet frame; 2-7 electromagnet type pistons; 2-8 ball grooves; 2-9 bolts; 2-10 remote control host a; 2-11 touch type remote control switches; 3, a camera; 3-1 horn-shaped shading face bucket; 4, a flow meter; 5, fixing devices; 5-1, a scaffold; 5-2 lifting rods; 5-3 circular hole sliding blocks; 6, a directional remote control bracket; 6-1 servo controller; 6-2 display screen; 6-3 bracket pan-tilt line fixing holes; 6-4 vertical support rods; 6-5 top line; 6-6 cloud platforms; 6-7 lateral lines; 6-8HDMI lines; 7, remotely controlling the automatic take-up and pay-off system; 7-1 fixed pulley; 7-2 level gauge sensors; 7-3 level gauge indicator light; 7-4, fixing a bracket; 7-5 wire wheels; 7-6 line of rotation shaft; 7-7 gears; 7-8 remote control host b; 7-9 motors; 7-10 worm gears; 7-11 nylon ropes; 7-12 remote controller of take-up and pay-off system.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples and figures in the specification.
As shown in FIG. 1, the measuring devices used in the method of the present invention include a surface flow field observation device and a near-shore river section water depth and flow rate measurement device.
The surface flow field observation device mainly comprises a horizontal equidistant control rod 1, a tracer ball distributor 2, a camera 3, a fixing device 5 and a directional remote control observation frame 6;
the horizontal equidistant control rod 1 is formed by connecting a plurality of threaded steel pipes in a threaded manner so as to adjust the extension length; as shown in fig. 3, the fixing device 5 comprises a bracket 5-1, a lifting rod 5-2 and a round hole slider 5-3, the round hole slider 5-3 is fixed at the top end of the lifting rod 5-2, the bracket 5-1 is used for supporting the lifting rod 5-2, and the lifting rod 5-2 is adjusted in height by a locking bolt; the fixing device 5 is installed in a river and close to a river bank, the horizontal equidistant control rod 1 penetrates through the round hole sliding blocks 5-3, the horizontal equidistant control rod 1 is carried on the support 5-1, the fixing device 5 supports and fixes the horizontal equidistant control rod 1, one end of the horizontal equidistant control rod 1 is supported on the river bank, and the tracer ball distributor 2 is installed at the other end of the horizontal equidistant control rod 1.
As shown in fig. 5 and 6, the tracer ball distributor 2 mainly comprises a cover plate 2-1, a box body 2-2 and a control bottom plate 2-3 to form a box body structure; the control bottom plate 2-3 is composed of two openable flat plates, the two flat plates are respectively connected with the box body 2-2 through rotating bearings 2-4, a plurality of semicircular notches are formed in each flat plate at equal intervals, circular grooves are formed after the two flat plates are closed to form spherical grooves 2-8, and each spherical groove 2-8 is provided with a flow field tracer ball; a door bolt is arranged between two flat plates of the control bottom plate 2-3, the door bolt is controlled through a remote control automatic door opening system arranged on the control bottom plate 2-3 to realize the opening and closing of the control bottom plate 2-3, the remote control automatic door opening system comprises a power supply 2-5, a slidable electromagnet frame 2-6, an electromagnet type piston 2-7, a bolt 2-9, a remote control host a2-10 and a touch remote control switch 2-11, and the power supply 2-5 provides power for the touch remote control switch 2-11; the touch type remote control switch 2-11 is connected with a remote control host a2-10 through a lead and is wirelessly connected with an external remote controller; the remote control host a2-10 is connected with the wire of the sliding electromagnet frame 2-6; the electromagnet type piston 2-7 is arranged in the slidable electromagnet frame 2-6, the electromagnet type piston 2-7 can slide left and right along the slidable electromagnet frame 2-6, one end of the electromagnet type piston 2-7 extends to the outside of the slidable electromagnet frame 2-6, an iron wire is wound at the end part of the electromagnet type piston, and the other end of the iron wire is connected with a lock tongue 2-9 arranged in the door bolt; when the touch type remote control switch 2-11 is closed, the lock tongue 2-9 is tightly buckled in the bolt; when the remote control host a2-10 receives a wireless signal under the control of an external remote controller to control the touch remote control switch 2-11 to be opened, the electromagnet type piston 2-7 loses the magnetic effect and moves backwards along the slidable electromagnet frame 2-6, so that the fixed iron wire pulls the lock tongue 2-9 in the door bolt backwards to achieve the unlocking purpose, and the control of the bottom plate 2-3 to be opened around the rotating bearing 2-4 is realized.
As shown in fig. 2, the directional remote control observation frame 6 comprises an arm body, a support, a servo controller 6-1, a display screen 6-2, a support holder line fixing hole 6-3, a vertical support rod 6-4, a top line 6-5, a holder 6-6, a side line 6-7 and an HDMI line 6-8; carrying the arm body on a bracket and fixing the arm body by using a bolt; bolt holes are formed in two sides of two ends of the arm body, and foundation bolts are arranged in the bolt holes; the cradle head 6-6 is arranged at the foremost end of the arm body by a bolt; the vertical support rod 6-4 is vertically fixed in the middle of the arm body, two top lines 6-5 are provided with hanging buckles, and two ends of the two top lines are fixed on foundation bolts at two ends of the arm body after passing through the vertical support rod 6-4; two ends of two lateral lines 6-7 are fixed on the foot bolt lugs at the side of the arm body; one end of the pan-tilt line is fixed at a support pan-tilt line fixing hole 6-3 at the top end of the support, and the other end of the pan-tilt line is fixed on the pan-tilt 6-6; one end of the HDMI line 6-8 is connected with the display screen 6-2, the other end of the HDMI line is connected with the camera 3, the display screen 6-2 is fixed at the tail end of the arm body, and an observation picture of the camera 3 can be seen from the display screen 6-2; the servo controller 6-1 is installed at the tail end of the arm body, one end of the servo control line is connected with the servo controller 6-1, the other end of the servo control line is connected with the cloud deck 6-6, the cloud deck 6-6 can be turned over through an operation button on the servo controller 6-1, the observation angle of the camera 3 is adjusted, the horn-shaped shading face bucket 3-1 of the camera 3 is located right above the water surface, and the moving picture of the tracer ball is shot.
The device for measuring the water depth and the flow velocity of the cross section of the near-shore river mainly comprises a horizontal equidistant control rod 1, a flow velocity meter 4, a remote control automatic pay-off and take-up device 7 and a fixing device 5;
a liquid level meter sensor 7-2 is arranged on the current meter 4, a liquid level meter indicator light 7-3 is fixed on the shell of the remote control automatic pay-off and take-up device 7, and signal transmission is carried out between the liquid level meter indicator light 7-3 and the liquid level meter sensor 7-2; the horizontal equidistant control rod 1 is arranged on a river bank through a fixing device 5, a steel pipe at the top end of the horizontal equidistant control rod 1 is provided with a drilled hole, and a pulley 7-1 is arranged on the drilled hole at the top end of the horizontal equidistant control rod 1; the rope passes through the pulley 7-1, one end of the rope is connected with the current meter 4, the other end of the rope is connected with the remote control automatic take-up and pay-off device 7, and the remote control automatic take-up and pay-off device 7 is used for realizing the take-up and pay-off of the current meter 4.
As shown in fig. 4, the automatic winding and unwinding device 7 comprises a fixed support 7-4, a reel 7-5, a reel rotating shaft 7-6, a gear 7-7, a remote control host b7-8, a motor 7-9, a worm wheel 7-10 and a nylon rope 7-11; the nylon rope 7-11 is wound on the wire wheel 7-5, the wire wheel 7-5 is fixed on the fixed support 7-4, the wire wheel 7-5 is fixedly connected with one end of the wire rotating shaft 7-6, the gear 7-7 is arranged at the other end of the wire rotating shaft 7-6, the worm wheel 7-10 is arranged on the shaft of the motor 7-9, the gear 7-7 is meshed with the worm wheel 7-10, and the remote control host b7-8 is connected with the motor 7-9 through a wire; the remote controller 7-12 of the take-up and pay-off system provides a take-up and pay-off signal for the remote controller b7-8, the remote controller b7-8 receives the signal, the driving motor 7-9 rotates anticlockwise, the worm wheel 7-10 drives the gear 7-7 to rotate, the gear 7-7 drives the wire wheel 7-5 to rotate anticlockwise to release the nylon rope 7-11 until the liquid level meter sensor 7-2 contacts the water surface, the liquid level meter indicator light 7-3 arranged on the shell of the automatic take-up and pay-off device 7 flickers, and the pay-off is stopped.
The specific implementation steps of the invention are illustrated by taking a field observation test of a downstream chapter river section of the yellow river as an example. The test was carried out on a downstream river segment of a yellow river somewhere in the town of the yellow river in the district of the mound of Jiyang city.
Step 1: site layout phase
At a certain river section of the yellow river town in the chapter and dune area of the Jiyang city, the whole river bank is arc-shaped, and the river forms backflow after passing through the arc-shaped yellow river beach bank, so that the old beach is further washed, the river bank collapses seriously, the cultivated land nearby is reduced, and crops are damaged. Before the test starts, a tester marks an observation range, determines an initial hydrological measurement section through a GPS locator, and sets a measurement section every 1m from the upstream of the marked observation range, and marks the measurement section.
Step 2: build up directional remote control observation support
The maximum extension length of the adopted directional remote control observation bracket 6 is 8 m. Firstly, 8 single-section arm bodies are connected into a whole by using a spring telescopic buckle to be carried on a support, a second section and an eighth section of the arm bodies penetrate through foundation bolts through bolt holes reserved on two sides, and mounting holes are reserved in corresponding positions above the arm bodies. The tripod head 6-6 is arranged at the most front end of the arm body, and the camera 3 is fixed on the tripod head through bolts. Two top lines 6-5 are provided with hanging buckles and are fixed on foundation bolts above the arm body through vertical support rods 6-4. Two lateral lines 6-7 are fixed on the foot bolt ear at the side of the arm body through a horizontal support rod. One end of the cloud platform line is fixed on a support cloud platform line fixing hole 6-3 of the support, and the other end of the cloud platform line is fixed on the cloud platform frame. One end of the HDMI line 6-8 is connected with the display screen 6-2, the other end of the HDMI line is connected with the camera 3, and the display screen 6-2 is installed at the front end of the arm body through a fixing support to display an observation picture for a tester to debug the camera shooting angle. One end of the servo control line is connected with the servo controller 6-1, and the other end of the servo control line is connected with the cloud deck 6-6 wiring hole. After the carrying is finished, the horn-shaped shading face bucket 3-1 is attached to the front end part of the camera, so that the influence of field strong light on the shooting quality in the observation process is avoided.
And step 3: preparation phase of the test
The observation angle is debugged in advance before the test starts. The support of the directional remote control observation frame 6 is pushed to enable the arm body to extend out of the river bank for a proper distance, a tester hangs a load on a steel pipe which transversely penetrates through the arm body, the steel pipe is operated to enable the arm body to swing, another tester operates the cloud deck 6-6 to turn over through the servo controller 6-1 to be matched with the cloud deck, and an observation angle of the camera 3, of which the sight line is vertical to the water surface, is selected by utilizing a shooting picture transmitted by a display screen. Then, a plurality of threaded steel pipes are screwed to form a horizontal equidistant control rod 1, and the horizontal equidistant control rod passes through a circular hole slider 5-3 on a fixing device 5 to be carried on a bracket 5-2.
And 4, step 4: test phase
Firstly, a tracer ball distributor 2 is fixed at the foremost end of a horizontal equidistant control rod 1 of a surface flow field observation device. The lifting rod 5-2 on the bracket 5-1 is adjusted through a locking bolt, so that the horizontal equidistant control rod 1 is controlled to be at a proper release height. Then a tester presses a switch key of a remote controller in the hand on the shore, a remote control host a2-10 of the touch remote control switch 2-11 receives a wireless signal, the touch switch 2-11 is controlled to be opened, the electromagnet type piston 2-7 loses the magnetic effect, and moves backwards along the slidable electromagnet frame 2-6, so that the fixed iron wire pulls the bolt 2-9 in the bolt backwards to achieve the unlocking purpose, the control bottom plate 2-3 is opened around the rotating bearing 2-4, and a row of tracer balls which are distributed at equal intervals are released in the direction vertical to the surface of the flow field, so that the tracer balls are uniformly spread on the surface of the water flow. And (3) recording the motion track of the tracer ball in the range of the observed river bank by using the camera 3 with the selected observation angle until the tracer ball completely leaves the observation range.
When the water depth and the flow velocity of the river section are measured, a near-shore river section water depth and flow velocity measuring device is adopted, and a fixed pulley 7-1 and a control rod are connected through a nylon rope through a drill hole of a top steel pipe. And one end of another longer 10mm thick nylon rope is bound with the underwater probe of the current meter 4, the other end of the nylon rope bypasses a pulley and is connected with a remote control automatic take-up and pay-off device 7, and a liquid level meter sensor 7-2 is arranged on a fixing buckle of the underwater probe of the current meter 4. The method comprises the steps of starting measurement from a calibrated first river section, pushing a horizontal equidistant control rod 1 in a near-shore river section water depth and flow velocity measuring device to move to the river bank according to a certain distance, simultaneously pressing a down key on a remote controller 7-12 of a line winding and unwinding system by a tester, receiving a down signal by a remote control host b7-8, driving a motor 7-9 to rotate anticlockwise, driving a gear 7-7 by a worm wheel 7-10, driving a line roller 7-5 to rotate anticlockwise to release a nylon rope 7-11 by the gear 7-7 until a liquid level meter contacts the water surface, flashing a liquid level meter indicator light 7-3 arranged on the shell of a remote control automatic line winding and unwinding device 7, and stopping unwinding. The underwater probe is contacted with the surface of the water, the water depth and the flow velocity of sampling points at 1m, 2m, 3m, 4m and 5m off the shore are measured, and the measured number displayed on the main machine of the current meter is recorded. And repeating the operation on the next section until all the sections in the observation range are measured.
Claims (1)
1. A method for measuring offshore hydrological elements based on directional photography is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step (1), determining a flow field observation range by using a GPS (global positioning system) locator;
when the surface flow field is observed, a directional remote control observation frame (6) in the surface flow field observation device is used for carrying a camera (3) to extend out of a river bank in an observation range, the position of the camera (3) is adjusted through the directional remote control observation frame (6), the orientation element in the camera (3) is determined, and the shooting observation in the direction vertical to the water surface is carried out;
step (3), fixing a tracer ball distributor (2) in the surface flow field observation device at the top end of a horizontal equidistant control rod (1), extending out of the river bank to a distance to be measured, before each group of experiments begin to observe, controlling the tracer ball distributor (2) to be opened by a tester through a remote controller, and releasing a row of tracer balls distributed equidistantly in a direction perpendicular to the surface direction of the flow field to uniformly distribute the tracer balls on the surface of water flow; recording the motion track of the tracer ball in the observation river bank range by using a camera (3) with a well-selected observation angle until the tracer ball completely leaves the observation range; tracer balls move along with water flow, the tracer balls uniformly and equidistantly thrown on the cross section of the river are distributed to gradually generate differences due to the non-uniformity of the flow velocity of the river so as to represent the flow velocity of different longitudinal points of the cross section of the river, an invisible flow field is visualized through a camera (3), the flow velocity qualitative differences of the cross section at the different longitudinal points are recorded and analyzed in a video mode, and the qualitative differences of the flow velocity of the cross section at the different longitudinal points are visually obtained from an image;
step (4), when the offshore hydrological factors are measured, a tester pushes a horizontal equidistant control rod (1) in the offshore river section water depth and flow rate measuring device to change the position of a current meter (4) arranged at the front end of the horizontal equidistant control rod (1), and simultaneously controls the release of the current meter (4) through a remote control automatic winding and unwinding device (7), so that the current meter (4) reaches different depths, the water depth and the flow rate of the section at different positions away from the river bank are measured, and the hydrological factors are measured on the next section;
the adopted measuring device comprises a surface flow field observation device and a near-shore river section water depth and flow velocity measuring device;
the surface flow field observation device mainly comprises a horizontal equidistant control rod (1), a tracer ball distributor (2), a camera (3), a fixing device (5) and a directional remote control observation frame (6);
the horizontal equidistant control rod (1) is formed by connecting a plurality of threaded steel pipes in a threaded manner so as to adjust the extension length; the fixing device (5) comprises a support (5-1), a lifting rod (5-2) and a round hole sliding block (5-3), the round hole sliding block (5-3) is fixed at the top end of the lifting rod (5-2), the support (5-1) is used for supporting the lifting rod (5-2), and the height of the lifting rod (5-2) is adjusted through a locking bolt; the fixing device (5) is installed in a river close to a river bank, the horizontal equidistant control rod (1) penetrates through the circular hole sliding block (5-3), the horizontal equidistant control rod (1) is carried on the support (5-1), the fixing device (5) supports and fixes the horizontal equidistant control rod (1), one end of the horizontal equidistant control rod (1) is supported on the river bank, and the other end of the horizontal equidistant control rod is provided with the tracer ball distributor (2);
the tracer ball distributor (2) mainly comprises a cover plate (2-1), a box body (2-2) and a control bottom plate (2-3) to form a box body structure; the control bottom plate (2-3) is composed of two openable flat plates, the two flat plates are respectively connected with the box body (2-2) through rotating bearings (2-4), a plurality of semicircular notches are formed in each flat plate at equal intervals, the two flat plates are folded to form a circular groove serving as a ball groove (2-8), and a flow field tracer ball is arranged on each ball groove (2-8); a door bolt is arranged between two flat plates of the control bottom plate (2-3), the door bolt is controlled through a remote control automatic door opening system arranged on the control bottom plate (2-3) to realize the opening and closing of the control bottom plate (2-3), the remote control automatic door opening system comprises a power supply (2-5), a slidable electromagnet frame (2-6), an electromagnet type piston (2-7), a lock tongue (2-9), a remote control host a (2-10) and a touch remote control switch (2-11), and the power supply (2-5) provides power for the touch remote control switch (2-11); the touch type remote control switch (2-11) is connected with the remote control host a (2-10) through a wire and is wirelessly connected with an external remote controller; the remote control host a (2-10) is connected with the sliding electromagnet frame (2-6) through a lead; the electromagnet type piston (2-7) is arranged in the slidable electromagnet frame (2-6), the electromagnet type piston (2-7) can slide left and right along the slidable electromagnet frame (2-6), one end of the electromagnet type piston (2-7) extends to the outside of the slidable electromagnet frame (2-6), an iron wire is wound at the end part of the electromagnet type piston, and the other end of the iron wire is connected with a lock tongue (2-9) arranged in the door bolt; when the touch type remote control switch (2-11) is closed, the lock tongue (2-9) is tightly buckled in the door bolt; when the remote control host a (2-10) receives a wireless signal under the control of an external remote controller, the touch remote control switch (2-11) is controlled to be opened, the electromagnet type piston (2-7) loses the magnetic effect and moves backwards along the slidable electromagnet frame (2-6), so that the fixed iron wire pulls the lock tongue (2-9) in the door bolt backwards to achieve the unlocking purpose, and the control bottom plate (2-3) is opened around the rotating bearing (2-4);
the directional remote control observation frame (6) comprises an arm body, a support, a servo controller (6-1), a display screen (6-2), a support holder line fixing hole (6-3), a vertical support rod (6-4), a top line (6-5), a holder (6-6), a side line (6-7) and an HDMI line (6-8); carrying the arm body on a bracket and fixing the arm body by using a bolt; bolt holes are formed in two sides of two ends of the arm body, and foundation bolts are arranged in the bolt holes; the cradle head (6-6) is arranged at the foremost end of the arm body by a bolt; the vertical supporting rod (6-4) is vertically fixed in the middle of the arm body, two top lines (6-5) are provided with hanging buckles, and the two ends of the top lines are fixed on foundation bolts at the two ends of the arm body after passing through the vertical supporting rod (6-4); two ends of the two lateral lines (6-7) are fixed on the foundation bolt lugs at the side of the arm body; one end of the pan-tilt line is fixed at a support pan-tilt line fixing hole (6-3) at the top end of the support, and the other end of the pan-tilt line is fixed on the pan-tilt (6-6); one end of the HDMI line (6-8) is connected with the display screen (6-2), the other end of the HDMI line is connected with the camera (3), the display screen (6-2) is fixed at the tail end of the arm body, and an observation picture of the camera (3) can be seen from the display screen (6-2); the servo controller (6-1) is arranged at the tail end of the arm body, one end of a servo control line is connected with the servo controller (6-1), the other end of the servo control line is connected with the pan-tilt (6-6), and the pan-tilt (6-6) can be turned over through an operation button on the servo controller (6-1) so as to adjust the observation angle of the camera (3);
the device for measuring the water depth and the flow velocity of the cross section of the near-shore river mainly comprises a horizontal equidistant control rod (1), a flow velocity meter (4), a remote control automatic take-up and pay-off device (7) and a fixing device (5);
a liquid level meter sensor (7-2) is arranged on the flow velocity meter (4), a liquid level meter indicator lamp (7-3) is fixed on a shell of the remote control automatic winding and unwinding device (7), and signal transmission is carried out between the liquid level meter indicator lamp (7-3) and the liquid level meter sensor (7-2); the horizontal equidistant control rod (1) is arranged on the river bank through a fixing device (5), a steel pipe at the top end of the horizontal equidistant control rod (1) is provided with a drill hole, and a pulley (7-1) is arranged on the drill hole at the top end of the horizontal equidistant control rod (1); the rope passes through the pulley (7-1), one end of the rope is connected with the current meter (4), the other end of the rope is connected with the remote control automatic winding and unwinding device (7), and the winding and unwinding of the current meter (4) are realized through the remote control automatic winding and unwinding device (7);
the automatic take-up and pay-off device (7) comprises a fixed support (7-4), a wire wheel (7-5), a wire rotating shaft (7-6), a gear (7-7), a remote control host b (7-8), a motor (7-9), a worm wheel (7-10) and a nylon rope (7-11); the nylon rope (7-11) is wound on the wire wheel (7-5), the wire wheel (7-5) is fixed on the fixed support (7-4), the wire wheel (7-5) is fixedly connected with one end of the wire rotating shaft (7-6), the gear (7-7) is arranged at the other end of the wire rotating shaft (7-6), the worm wheel (7-10) is arranged on the shaft of the motor (7-9), the gear (7-7) is meshed with the worm wheel (7-10), and the remote control host b (7-8) is connected with the motor (7-9) through a wire; the remote controller 7-12 of the take-up and pay-off system provides a take-up and pay-off signal for the remote controller b (7-8), the remote controller b (7-8) receives the signal, the driving motor (7-9) rotates anticlockwise, the worm gear (7-10) drives the gear (7-7) to rotate, the gear (7-7) drives the wire wheel (7-5) to rotate anticlockwise to release the nylon rope (7-11) until the liquid level meter sensor (7-2) contacts the water surface, and a liquid level meter indicator lamp (7-3) installed on the shell of the automatic take-up and pay-off device (7) flickers to stop paying off.
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