CN112144914A - Classification and demolition of abandoned buildings - Google Patents

Abstract

The application discloses a method for dismantling waste buildings in a classified manner, which comprises the following steps of dismantling a metal door, a metal window and a metal pendant on a building; pushing the building to by using an excavator; cutting the building while spraying water and mist by using a cutting machine, and cutting the building into a plurality of independent unconnected blocks; dismantling a shovel head on an excavator and replacing the shovel head with a crushing head, then vibrating and crushing the blocks into particles and a reinforcing steel bar net rack by using the crushing head, vibrating and separating wood and plastic, and respectively collecting the wood and the plastic separately; taking out the reinforcing steel bar net rack from the particle pile, impacting the reinforcing steel bar net rack by using water flow with the pressure of 20Mpa, shaking off cement particles remained on the reinforcing steel bar net rack, drying the reinforcing steel bar net rack by using air flow, and then compressing the reinforcing steel bar net rack into a metal ingot; and taking the cable and the data cable out of the particle stack, collecting the collected cable and the data cable, placing the collected cable and the data cable under an extruder for extrusion, and crushing cement blocks stuck on the cable and the data cable.

Description

Classification and demolition of abandoned buildings

technical field

The invention relates to the field of urban construction, in particular to a method for classifying and dismantling abandoned buildings.

Background technique

Now the urban renewal and construction speed is very fast, and a large number of old buildings are demolished every day. At present, there are two methods for demolishing old buildings, one is demolishing with excavators, and the other is demolishing by blasting, but the current demolishing process No matter whether it is demolished by excavator or blasting, but whether it is demolished by excavator or demolition by blasting, the building is completely pushed, and in the process of completely pushing the building, the building is not demolished by classification. , there is a huge waste of resources in the demolition process.

Due to the relatively backward construction technology and the relative lack of building materials resources, most of the old buildings are low-rise buildings, and there are no high-rise buildings. Therefore, most of the old buildings are currently pushed and demolished by excavators.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In view of the above problems, the present invention proposes a method for classifying and dismantling abandoned buildings.

The technical scheme adopted by the present invention is as follows:

A method for classifying and dismantling abandoned buildings, comprising the following steps:

S1: Demolition of metal doors, metal windows and metal ornaments on buildings;

Metal doors, metal windows and metal pendants on buildings are recyclable materials, which can be removed by manual dismantling method, which can save valuable resources.

S2: Use the excavator to push the building to;

S3: Use the cutting machine to cut the building while spraying water mist, and cut the building into several independent and disconnected blocks;

The use of a cutting machine to cut buildings into independent blocks is to facilitate subsequent crushing, and spraying water mist while cutting is to prevent dust from splashing during cutting. At the same time, because the high-speed rotation of the cutting machine will produce a large amount of Heat, spraying water mist can absorb heat and cool down, and avoid causing fire and burning of wallpaper, decorative cotton, plastic and wires on the block.

S4: Remove the shovel head on the excavator and replace it with a crushing head, then use the crushing head to smash the block into particles and steel mesh frames, and vibrate and separate the wood and plastic, and collect the wood and plastic separately;

The wood and plastic are collected separately for reuse, and the blocks are shattered into particles and steel mesh frames, so that the steel bars can be recycled and reused;

S5: Take out the steel mesh frame from the particle pile, use the water flow of 20Mpa pressure to impact the steel mesh frame, shake off the remaining cement particles on the steel mesh frame, use the airflow to dry the steel mesh frame, and then compress the steel mesh frame into metal ingot;

Using the water flow of 20Mpa pressure to impact the steel mesh frame can wash down the cement particles on the steel mesh frame, and due to the high pressure of the water flow, the cement particles on the steel mesh frame will not only be washed down, but also crushed by the impact. , the use of airflow to dry the steel mesh frame and then compress it is to facilitate subsequent transportation.

S6: Take out the cables and data cables from the particle pile, collect them, put them under the extruder for extrusion, and pulverize the cement blocks stuck on the cables and data cables;

Because cables and data cables are buried in many buildings now, the metal components in these cables and data cables can be recycled and reused, so the components of the data cables after collecting these cables from the particle pile are recycled and reused;

S7: Bake the particulate matter from the steel mesh frame, cable, data cable, wood and plastic with an open fire first, then put it in a vibrating screen after baking with an open fire, shake off and collect the fine sand in the particulate matter;

The purpose of baking with an open flame is to burn off the paper, decorative surface materials and other decorative objects attached to the surface of the technological objects. After the incineration is completed, the particles are vibrated and screened, so that part of the fine sand particles can be screened out during the vibration screening process. Fine sand particles can be recycled and reused without further treatment;

S8: Place the particles after shaking off the fine sand in a friction pulverizer for pulverization, and pulverize the particles into fine sand;

Because of the large diameter of the particles, they can only be used as ballast for road construction. In order to improve the utilization value of the particles, they are crushed into fine sand, which can be used as building materials here;

S9: After collecting the fine sand, place it in a filter screen for filtration, and filter out the metal block particles in the fine sand.

Because the metal block particles will not be ground by the friction pulverizer, the filter screen is further used for filtering, and the filter screen filters out the metal block particles.

To sum up, the above scheme realizes the division and demolition of the building, and the demolition efficiency is high, and the separate recycling of construction waste resources is realized, and the recycling efficiency is high.

Optionally, when using a cutting machine to cut a building, the temperature of the water mist is controlled at 20°C to 30°C, and the building surface is sprayed with water mist for 5 to 10 minutes, and then the building is cut by the cutting machine.

The temperature of the water mist is controlled at 20°C to 30°C to maximize the heat absorption efficiency of the water mist. At the same time, the water mist is sprayed for 5 minutes to 10 minutes before the cutting machine is cut, so that a layer of water droplets can be attached to the surface of the building. When the cutting machine cuts the building, the water droplets can lubricate and reduce the wear and tear of the cutting machine.

Optionally, when the building is cut with a cutting machine, the building is cut into a cuboid block, and the mass of the cuboid block is controlled to be 0.2 to 0.5 tons.

The quality of the cuboid block is controlled at 0.2 to 0.5 tons in order to facilitate subsequent crushing.

Optionally, when using the crushing head to crush the block, use the crushing head to collide around the periphery of the block, and the impact direction of the crushing head points to the center of the block, and the crushing head is always in contact with the block. Contact with cement or bricks.

The crushing head strikes around the periphery of the block in order to shatter the particles to the greatest extent, because this crushing method is equivalent to crushing along the weakest part of the block, which can reduce the impact strength during crushing, Extend the life of the crushing head. The crushing head is always in contact with the cement or brick part of the block in order to improve the crushing efficiency, avoid the phenomenon of empty hitting of the crushing head, and avoid reducing the service life of the crushing head due to empty hitting.

Optionally, when the water flow with a pressure of 20Mpa is used to impact the steel mesh frame, the water flow is mixed with the air flow before impacting the steel mesh frame.

The air flow is mixed with part of the water flow before hitting the steel mesh frame. This is to improve the impact force of the water flow and ensure that the steel mesh frame is washed more cleanly. At the same time, after the air flow and the water flow are mixed, there will be some air bubbles in the water flow. These bubbles After hitting the cement block, it will form an impact effect on the cement block, which can play the role of crushing the cement block.

Optionally, after the cables and data cables are collected, they are repeatedly rolled with a rotating roller, and then the plastic on the surface is cut off with a cutter.

The effect of repeatedly rolling the cable and the data cable with the rotating roller can reduce the adhesion of the plastic to the metal wire, which can reduce the adhesion strength of the plastic to the metal wire, which is convenient for the cutter to cut the plastic from the metal wire.

Optionally, when using the vibrating screen to vibrate the particles, the screen is periodically alternately vibrated longitudinally and laterally.

When the vibrating screen is vibrating, the longitudinal vibration and the lateral vibration are alternately performed in turn, which can shake the particles smaller, and can cause the relative wear between the particles to improve the recycling efficiency of the particles.

Optionally, when using a filter to filter fine sand, make the fine sand pass through filters with diameters of 0.3 cm, 0.2 cm, and 0.1 cm in sequence, and the meshes of the filter are square meshes.

The purpose of using three filters for filtration is to achieve graded utilization, the smallest fine sand can be directly used as construction, and the coarsest sand can be used as construction ballast.

Optionally, the filter screen oscillates laterally when the fine sand passes through the filter screen.

Optionally, spray diesel oil on the particulate matter before using an open flame to bake the particulate matter.

The purpose of spraying diesel oil is to allow the diesel oil to infiltrate the particulate matter pile, to ensure that the wallpaper and decorative cotton will be infiltrated with diesel oil, so that when the fire is baked, the wallpaper and decorative cotton will burn quickly to ensure that there is no residue.

The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the division and demolition of buildings are realized, and the demolition efficiency is high, and the separate recycling and utilization of construction waste resources is realized, and the recycling efficiency is high

Detailed ways:

The present invention will be described in detail below.

Example 1

A method for classifying and dismantling abandoned buildings, comprising the following steps:

S1: Demolition of metal doors, metal windows and metal ornaments on buildings;

Metal doors, metal windows and metal pendants on buildings are recyclable materials, which can be removed by manual dismantling method, which can save valuable resources.

S2: Use the excavator to push the building to;

S3: Use the cutting machine to cut the building while spraying water mist, and cut the building into several independent and disconnected blocks;

The use of a cutting machine to cut buildings into independent blocks is to facilitate subsequent crushing, and spraying water mist while cutting is to prevent dust from splashing during cutting. At the same time, because the high-speed rotation of the cutting machine will produce a large amount of Heat, spraying water mist can absorb heat and cool down, and avoid causing fire and burning of wallpaper, decorative cotton, plastic and wires on the block.

S4: Remove the shovel head on the excavator and replace it with a crushing head, then use the crushing head to smash the block into particles and steel mesh frames, and vibrate and separate the wood and plastic, and collect the wood and plastic separately;

The wood and plastic are collected separately for reuse, and the blocks are shattered into particles and steel mesh frames, so that the steel bars can be recycled and reused;

S5: Take out the steel mesh frame from the particle pile, use the water flow of 20Mpa pressure to impact the steel mesh frame, shake off the remaining cement particles on the steel mesh frame, use the airflow to dry the steel mesh frame, and then compress the steel mesh frame into metal ingot;

Using the water flow of 20Mpa pressure to impact the steel mesh frame can wash down the cement particles on the steel mesh frame, and due to the high pressure of the water flow, the cement particles on the steel mesh frame will not only be washed down, but also crushed by the impact. , the use of airflow to dry the steel mesh frame and then compress it is to facilitate subsequent transportation.

S6: Take out the cables and data cables from the particle pile, collect them, put them under the extruder for extrusion, and pulverize the cement blocks stuck on the cables and data cables;

Because cables and data cables are buried in many buildings now, the metal components in these cables and data cables can be recycled and reused, so the components of the data cables after collecting these cables from the particle pile are recycled and reused;

S7: Bake the particulate matter from the steel mesh frame, cable, data cable, wood and plastic with an open fire first, then put it in a vibrating screen after baking with an open fire, shake off and collect the fine sand in the particulate matter;

The purpose of baking with an open flame is to burn off the paper, decorative surface materials and other decorative objects attached to the surface of the technological objects. After the incineration is completed, the particles are vibrated and screened, so that part of the fine sand particles can be screened out during the vibration screening process. Fine sand particles can be recycled and reused without further treatment;

S8: Place the particles after shaking off the fine sand in a friction pulverizer for pulverization, and pulverize the particles into fine sand;

Because of the large diameter of the particles, they can only be used as ballast for road construction. In order to improve the utilization value of the particles, they are crushed into fine sand, which can be used as building materials here;

S9: After collecting the fine sand, place it in a filter screen for filtration, and filter out the metal block particles in the fine sand.

Because the metal block particles will not be ground by the friction pulverizer, the filter screen is further used for filtering, and the filter screen filters out the metal block particles.

To sum up, the above scheme realizes the division and demolition of the building, and the demolition efficiency is high, and the separate recycling of construction waste resources is realized, and the recycling efficiency is high.

In another embodiment of the present invention, when using a cutting machine to cut a building, the temperature of the water mist is controlled at 20°C to 30°C, and the water mist is first sprayed on the building surface for 5 to 10 minutes, and then the cutting machine is used to cut the building. Buildings are cut.

The temperature of the water mist is controlled at 20°C to 30°C to maximize the heat absorption efficiency of the water mist. At the same time, the water mist is sprayed for 5 minutes to 10 minutes before the cutting machine is cut, so that a layer of water droplets can be attached to the surface of the building. When the cutting machine cuts the building, the water droplets can lubricate and reduce the wear and tear of the cutting machine.

In another embodiment of the present invention, when a building is cut by a cutting machine, the building is cut into a cuboid block, and the mass of the cuboid block is controlled to be 0.2 to 0.5 tons.

The quality of the cuboid block is controlled at 0.2 to 0.5 tons in order to facilitate subsequent crushing.

In another embodiment of the present invention, when the crushing head is used to crush the block, the crushing head is used to impact around the periphery of the block, and the impact direction of the crushing head points to the center of the block, and the crushing head always Contact with the cement or brick part of the block.

The crushing head strikes around the periphery of the block in order to shatter the particles to the greatest extent, because this crushing method is equivalent to crushing along the weakest part of the block, which can reduce the impact strength during crushing, Extend the life of the crushing head. The crushing head is always in contact with the cement or brick part of the block in order to improve the crushing efficiency, avoid the phenomenon of empty hitting of the crushing head, and avoid reducing the service life of the crushing head due to empty hitting.

In another embodiment of the present invention, when the water flow with a pressure of 20Mpa is used to impact the steel mesh frame, the water flow and the air flow are mixed first, and then the steel mesh frame is impacted.

The air flow is mixed with part of the water flow before hitting the steel mesh frame. This is to improve the impact force of the water flow and ensure that the steel mesh frame is washed more cleanly. At the same time, after the air flow and the water flow are mixed, there will be some air bubbles in the water flow. These bubbles After hitting the cement block, it will form an impact effect on the cement block, which can play the role of crushing the cement block.

In another embodiment of the present invention, after the cables and data cables are collected, they are rolled repeatedly with a rotating roller, and then the plastic on the surface is cut off with a cutter.

The effect of repeatedly rolling the cable and the data cable with the rotating roller can reduce the adhesion of the plastic to the metal wire, which can reduce the adhesion strength of the plastic to the metal wire, which is convenient for the cutter to cut the plastic from the metal wire.

In another embodiment of the present invention, when using the vibrating screen to vibrate the particles, the screen periodically and alternately performs longitudinal vibration and lateral vibration.

When the vibrating screen is vibrating, the longitudinal vibration and the lateral vibration are alternately performed in turn, which can shake the particles smaller, and can cause the relative wear between the particles to improve the recycling efficiency of the particles.

In another embodiment of the present invention, when the fine sand is filtered by the filter, the fine sand passes through the filters with diameters of 0.3cm, 0.2cm and 0.1cm in sequence, and the meshes of the filter are square meshes.

The purpose of using three filters for filtration is to achieve graded utilization, the smallest fine sand can be directly used as construction, and the coarsest sand can be used as construction ballast.

In another embodiment of the present invention, the filter screen swings laterally when the fine sand passes through the filter screen.

In another embodiment of the present invention, diesel fuel is sprayed onto the particulate matter before using an open flame to bake the particulate matter.

The purpose of spraying diesel oil is to allow the diesel oil to infiltrate the particulate matter pile, to ensure that the wallpaper and decorative cotton will be infiltrated with diesel oil, so that when the fire is baked, the wallpaper and decorative cotton will burn quickly to ensure that there is no residue.

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of patent protection of the present invention. Any equivalent transformation made by using the contents of the description of the present invention, directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, shall similarly include within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. a method for classifying and dismantling abandoned buildings, is characterized in that, comprises the steps, S1: Demolition of metal doors, metal windows and metal ornaments on buildings; S2: Use the excavator to push the building to; S3: Use the cutting machine to cut the building while spraying water mist, and cut the building into several independent and disconnected blocks; S4: Remove the shovel head on the excavator and replace it with a crushing head, then use the crushing head to smash the block into particles and steel mesh frames, and vibrate and separate the wood and plastic, and collect the wood and plastic separately; S5: Take out the steel mesh frame from the particle pile, use the water flow of 20Mpa pressure to impact the steel mesh frame, shake off the remaining cement particles on the steel mesh frame, use the airflow to dry the steel mesh frame, and then compress the steel mesh frame into metal ingot; S6: Take the cables and data cables out of the particle pile, collect them, put them under the extruder for extrusion, and pulverize the cement blocks stuck on the cables and data cables; S7: Bake the particulate matter from the steel mesh frame, cable, data cable, wood and plastic with an open fire first, then put it in a vibrating screen after baking with an open fire, shake off and collect the fine sand in the particulate matter; S8: Place the particles after shaking off the fine sand in a friction pulverizer for pulverization, and pulverize the particles into fine sand; S9: After collecting the fine sand, place it in a filter screen for filtration, and filter out the metal block particles in the fine sand. 2 . The method for classifying and dismantling abandoned buildings according to claim 1 , wherein when the building is cut by a cutting machine, the temperature of the water mist is controlled at 20°C to 30°C, and water is sprayed on the surface of the building first. 3 . After fogging for 5min-10min, use the cutting machine to cut the building. 3. The method for classifying and dismantling abandoned buildings according to claim 1, wherein when the building is cut by a cutting machine, the building is cut into a cuboid block, and the mass of the cuboid block is controlled to be 0.2 ton ~ 0.5 tons. 4. The method for classifying and dismantling an abandoned building according to claim 1, wherein when using the crushing head to crush the block, the crushing head is used to collide around the periphery of the block, and the impact direction of the crushing head points to The center of the block, and the crushing head is always in contact with the cement or brick part of the block. 5. The method for classifying and dismantling abandoned buildings as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, when using the water flow with a pressure of 20Mpa to impact the steel mesh frame, first mix the water flow with the air flow and then impact the steel mesh frame. 6 . The method for classifying and dismantling abandoned buildings according to claim 1 , wherein after the cables and data cables are collected, they are repeatedly rolled with a rotating roller, and then the plastic on the surface is cut off with a cutter. 7 . 7 . The method for classifying and dismantling abandoned buildings according to claim 1 , wherein when using the vibrating screen to vibrate the particles, the screen performs longitudinal vibration and lateral vibration alternately and periodically in sequence. 8 . 8. The method for classifying and dismantling abandoned buildings as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, when using a filter to filter fine sand, the fine sand is made to pass through filters with diameters of 0.3cm, 0.2cm, and 0.1cm in sequence, and the filter The mesh is square mesh. 9 . The method for classifying and dismantling abandoned buildings according to claim 8 , wherein the filter screen swings laterally when the fine sand passes through the filter screen. 10 . 10 . The method for classifying and dismantling abandoned buildings according to claim 1 , wherein, before using an open flame to bake the particulate matter, diesel oil is sprayed onto the particulate matter. 11 .