CN112144057A - Apparatus and method for laser cladding - Google Patents
Apparatus and method for laser cladding Download PDFInfo
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- CN112144057A CN112144057A CN202010984571.9A CN202010984571A CN112144057A CN 112144057 A CN112144057 A CN 112144057A CN 202010984571 A CN202010984571 A CN 202010984571A CN 112144057 A CN112144057 A CN 112144057A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
- C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
- C23C24/10—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat with intermediate formation of a liquid phase in the layer
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- Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a device and a method for laser cladding, which comprises an external cladding nozzle, wherein the external cladding nozzle is arranged at the bottom of a laser generator and is in a ring shape, the middle part of the external cladding nozzle is fixedly provided with a beam splitter prism, the beam splitter prism disperses basic laser emitted by the laser generator into preheated laser, the laser after cladding is emitted along a second emission port through a light path channel through a second refraction prism, the preheated laser, the laser after cladding and the cladding laser are all kept parallel to the basic laser emitted by the laser generator and are positioned in the same plane, and the powder spraying ports are inwards arranged at an angle of 45 degrees with the central axis of the external cladding nozzle, the working difficulty of maintainers is reduced, and the application scene of the laser generating device is greatly widened.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of laser cladding devices, in particular to equipment and a method for laser cladding.
Background
The oscillating mirror scanning laser cladding processing head device with variable facula in the prior art, which is applied for CN201910854018.0, comprises a laser cladding processing head and a scanning oscillating mirror, wherein the scanning oscillating mirror is integrated in the laser cladding processing head, laser beams emitted by a laser emitter and cladding powder sent by a powder feeder are output to the surface of an area to be processed through the laser cladding processing head when the laser cladding processing is carried out, meanwhile, a control system of the scanning oscillating mirror is utilized to set related parameters to adjust a scanning motor of the scanning oscillating mirror so that the laser beams output by the laser cladding processing head realize dynamic linear scanning or dynamic pattern filling type scanning in a plane area range, thereby achieving the purpose of changing the size and the shape of the facula, finally realizing the laser cladding processing with variable facula, improving the cladding efficiency and the cladding effect of the laser cladding processing head and the adaptability to high power of the laser, the problem that the size of a light spot is changed by changing an optical lens group and the like when the laser cladding processing head is matched with different laser powers and processes can be better solved.
However, the galvanometer scanning laser cladding processing head device with the variable light spot still has obvious defects in the using process: 1. the device and the existing laser cladding nozzle are fixedly connected with the laser generator body, and are very troublesome to disassemble when faults such as nozzle blockage occur and the like need to be maintained, so that the production process is delayed, and the working difficulty of maintenance personnel is improved; 2. the device and the existing laser cladding nozzle can only be connected with the specific laser generator body, so that the common laser generator is difficult to clad, the specific laser cladding nozzle can not perform common laser operation, and the application range of the laser is limited.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to a laser cladding apparatus and method, which solves the above problems.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides an equipment for laser cladding, includes external cladding shower nozzle, external cladding shower nozzle sets up in laser generator bottom, external cladding shower nozzle is the ring type, external cladding shower nozzle middle part fixed mounting has beam splitter prism, beam splitter prism disperses the basic laser that laser generator jetted into to preheating laser, cladding laser and cladding back laser, preheating laser jets out along first exit port through first refraction prism through the light path passageway, cladding back laser jets out along the second exit port through the light path passageway through the second refraction prism, preheating laser, cladding back laser and cladding laser all keep parallel and in the coplanar with the basic laser that laser generator jetted into, external cladding shower nozzle bottom has arranged a plurality of protective gas spouts and powder spraying mouth along its axis direction annular array respectively, the protective gas spout sets up in powder spraying mouth periphery, the powder spraying ports are arranged inwards at an angle of 45 degrees with the central axis of the external cladding nozzle, the plurality of protective gas nozzles and the powder spraying ports are respectively communicated with the gas passage and the powder feeding passage, and the gas passage and the powder feeding passage are respectively communicated with the gas supply hole and the powder supply hole.
Preferably, the air supply hole and the powder supply hole are respectively communicated with the air supply pump and the powder supply pump through external nylon pneumatic tubes.
Preferably, the external cladding nozzle side is fixedly provided with a fixed connecting rod, a lifting slide bar is movably inserted in the fixed connecting rod, one end, far away from the fixed connecting rod, of the lifting slide bar is movably inserted in a supporting block, the supporting block is fixedly arranged on a laser generator fixing sleeve, and the laser generator fixing sleeve is fixedly arranged outside the laser generator.
A laser cladding method adopts the equipment for laser cladding, and comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: the supporting block, the lifting slide bar, the fixed connecting rod and the external cladding nozzle connected with the fixed connecting rod are arranged on the laser generator through a laser generator fixing sleeve, so that the external cladding nozzle is positioned right below the laser generator, the first emergent port and the second emergent port are respectively positioned in the front and back directions of a cladding path, and the external cladding nozzle is fixed;
step two: respectively feeding protective gas and metal powder to be clad into an air passage and a powder feeding passage through a nylon pneumatic tube and a gas supply hole and a powder supply hole by a gas supply pump and a powder supply pump, and simultaneously opening a laser beam;
step three: the laser generator is driven by the mechanical arm to move or the workpiece to be clad moves, so that the laser cladding is carried out on the surface of the workpiece.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the laser cladding nozzle is externally connected, can be arranged on any laser generator, enables the laser generator to perform operations such as laser cutting and the like, endows the laser cladding function with the laser cladding function, can be rapidly switched in different procedures, and greatly widens the application scene of the laser generating device;
2. the laser generator is arranged in a separated mode with the laser generator body, is convenient to disassemble and assemble, can be rapidly disassembled and replaced when a fault occurs, has small influence on production, and simultaneously reduces the working difficulty of maintainers.
The laser cladding nozzle provided by the invention can be arranged on any laser generator, can be rapidly detached and replaced when a fault occurs, has small influence on production, reduces the working difficulty of maintainers, and greatly widens the application scene of a laser generating device.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an external cladding nozzle mounting structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the external cladding nozzle of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the external cladding nozzle of the invention.
In the figure: the laser cladding device comprises a laser cladding nozzle 1, a laser generator 2, a beam splitter prism 3, a basic laser 4, a preheated laser 5, a cladding laser 6, a cladding laser 7, an optical path channel 8, a first refraction prism 9, a first emergent port 10, a second refraction prism 11, a second emergent port 12, a protective gas nozzle 13, a powder spraying port 14, an air passage 15, a powder conveying passage 16, a gas supply hole 17, a powder supply hole 18, a fixed connecting rod 19, a lifting sliding rod 20, a supporting block 21 and a laser generator fixing sleeve 22.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1-3, the present invention provides a technical solution:
an apparatus for laser cladding comprises an external cladding nozzle 1, the external cladding nozzle 1 is arranged at the bottom of a laser generator 2, the external cladding nozzle 1 is annular, a beam splitter prism 3 is fixedly arranged in the middle of the external cladding nozzle 1, the beam splitter prism 3 disperses basic laser 4 emitted by the laser generator 2 into preheating laser 5, cladding laser 6 and cladding laser 7, the preheating laser 5 is emitted along a first exit port 10 through a light path channel 8 through a first refraction prism 9, the cladding laser 7 is emitted along a second exit port 12 through a light path channel 8 through a second refraction prism 11, the preheating laser 5, the cladding laser 7 and the cladding laser 6 are all parallel to the basic laser 4 emitted by the laser generator 2 and are in the same plane, a plurality of protective gas nozzles 13 and powder spraying ports 14 are annularly arranged at the bottom of the external cladding nozzle 1 in an array manner along the axial direction of the external cladding nozzle, the protective gas nozzles 13 are arranged at the periphery of the powder spraying port 14, the powder spraying port 13 is arranged inwards at an angle of 45 degrees with the central axis of the external cladding nozzle 1, the protective gas nozzles 13 and the powder spraying port 14 are respectively communicated with the gas channel 15 and the powder feeding channel 16, and the gas channel 15 and the powder feeding channel 16 are respectively communicated with the gas supply hole 17 and the powder supply hole 18.
The cladding nozzle in the embodiment adopts an external installation mode, the installation structure is not limited to the structure and interface type of the laser generator 2 body, a common generator can be used as a cladding device through the external installation, a focusing beam emitted by common laser is divided into three laser beams by a beam splitter prism 3, the surface of a workpiece to be clad is preheated by a preheating laser 5, so that the bonding strength of the workpiece and metal powder is improved, the metal powder sprayed from a powder spraying port 14 is melted and sprayed on the surface of the workpiece through a cladding laser 6, so that cladding is completed, and finally the melted part is further melted by a laser 7 after cladding, so that the surface roughness of the cladding part is reduced, the metal powder and protective gas in the embodiment enter the external cladding nozzle 1 through a gas supply hole 17 and a powder supply hole 18, and are sprayed out through a powder spraying port 13 and a protective gas nozzle 13, the powder spraying ports 13 are arranged at an angle of 45 degrees with the central axis of the external cladding nozzle 1, so that the powder spraying ports 13 are gathered on the light path of the cladding laser 6, and the metal powder is fully melted and cladded on the surface of a workpiece.
Preferably, the gas supply hole 17 and the powder supply hole 18 are respectively communicated with a gas supply pump and a powder supply pump through external nylon pneumatic tubes, and protective gas and metal powder are respectively pumped into the external cladding nozzle 1 through the gas supply pump and the powder supply pump.
Preferably, a fixed connecting rod 19 is fixedly installed on the side edge of the external cladding nozzle 1, a lifting slide rod 20 is movably inserted in the fixed connecting rod 19, one end, far away from the fixed connecting rod 18, of the lifting slide rod 20 is movably inserted in a supporting block 21, the supporting block 21 is fixedly installed on a laser generator fixing sleeve 22, the laser generator fixing sleeve 22 is fixedly installed outside the laser generator 2, the external cladding nozzle is installed in an external hanging manner through the laser generator fixing sleeve 22, the laser generator fixing sleeve 22 in the embodiment is annular, in the actual production process, the shape of the laser generator fixing sleeve 22 can be manufactured according to the shape of the laser generator 2, so that the external cladding nozzle 1 can be hung on any laser generator 2, and the external cladding nozzle 1 can do up-and-down and rotating motion around the lifting slide rod 20 through the fixed connecting rod 19, thereby adjust external height and the angle of cladding shower nozzle 1 apart from laser generator 2, simultaneously, under the condition that does not need external cladding shower nozzle 1, only need to cover external cladding shower nozzle 1 around the rotatory pulling open of lift slide bar 20, can resume laser generator 2 and install the function before external cladding shower nozzle 1 additional, it is practical high-efficient.
A laser cladding method adopts the equipment for laser cladding, and comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: the supporting block 21, the lifting slide bar 20, the fixed connecting rod 19 and the external cladding nozzle 1 connected with the supporting block are arranged on the laser generator 2 through the laser generator fixing sleeve 22, so that the external cladding nozzle 1 is positioned right below the laser generator 2, the first emergent port 10 and the second emergent port 12 are respectively positioned in the front and back directions of a cladding path, and the external cladding nozzle 1 is fixed;
step two: respectively sending protective gas and metal powder to be clad into an air passage 15 and a powder sending passage 16 through a nylon pneumatic tube through a gas supply hole 17 and a powder supply hole 18 by a gas supply pump and a powder supply pump, and simultaneously opening laser beams;
step three: the laser generator 2 is driven by the mechanical arm to move or the workpiece to be clad moves, so that the laser cladding is carried out on the surface of the workpiece.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (4)
1. The utility model provides an equipment for laser cladding, includes external cladding shower nozzle (1), its characterized in that: the external cladding shower nozzle (1) sets up in laser generator (2) bottom, external cladding shower nozzle (1) is the ring type, external cladding shower nozzle (1) middle part fixed mounting has beam splitter prism (3), beam splitter prism (3) is with laser generator (2) jetted into basic laser (4) dispersion for preheating laser (5), cladding laser (6) and cladding back laser (7), preheat laser (5) and jet out through first refraction prism (9) along first exit port (10) through light path passageway (8), cladding back laser (7) jet out through second refraction prism (11) along second exit port (12) through light path passageway (8), preheat laser (5), cladding back laser (7) and laser cladding (6) and all keep parallel and be in the coplanar with basic laser (4) that laser generator (2) jetted into, the external cladding shower nozzle (1) bottom is respectively along its axis direction annular array a plurality of protective gas spouts (13) and the mouth of dusting (14) of having arranged, protective gas spout (13) set up in the mouth of dusting (14) periphery, the mouth of dusting (13) inwards with external cladding shower nozzle (1) axis be 45 and arrange, a plurality of protective gas spout (13) and mouth of dusting (14) communicate with air flue (15) and powder feeding way (16) respectively, air flue (15) and powder feeding way (16) communicate with air feed hole (17) and powder feed hole (18) respectively.
2. An apparatus for laser cladding according to claim 1, characterized in that: the air supply hole (17) and the powder supply hole (18) are respectively communicated with an air supply pump and a powder supply pump through external nylon pneumatic tubes.
3. An apparatus for laser cladding according to claim 1, characterized in that: the external cladding shower nozzle (1) side fixed mounting has fixed connecting rod (19), fixed connecting rod (19) internalization is inserted and is equipped with lift slide bar (20), lift slide bar (20) are kept away from fixed connecting rod (18) one end activity and are inserted and establish in supporting shoe (21), supporting shoe (21) fixed mounting is on the fixed cover of laser generator (22), the fixed cover of laser generator (22) fixed mounting is outside at laser generator (2).
4. A laser cladding method is characterized in that: use of the apparatus for laser cladding of any of claims 1-3, comprising the steps of:
the method comprises the following steps: the supporting block (21), the lifting slide bar (20), the fixed connecting rod (19) and the external cladding nozzle (1) connected with the supporting block are arranged on the laser generator (2) through the laser generator fixing sleeve (22), so that the external cladding nozzle (1) is positioned under the laser generator (2), the first exit port (10) and the second exit port (12) are respectively positioned in the front and back directions of a cladding path, and the external cladding nozzle (1) is fixed;
step two: respectively sending protective gas and metal powder to be clad into an air passage (15) and a powder feeding passage (16) through a nylon pneumatic tube and a gas supply hole (17) and a powder supply hole (18) by a gas supply pump and a powder supply pump, and simultaneously opening laser beams;
step three: the mechanical arm drives the laser generator (2) to move or the workpiece to be clad moves, so that the surface of the workpiece is clad by laser.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010984571.9A CN112144057B (en) | 2020-09-18 | 2020-09-18 | Apparatus and method for laser cladding |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010984571.9A CN112144057B (en) | 2020-09-18 | 2020-09-18 | Apparatus and method for laser cladding |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN112144057A true CN112144057A (en) | 2020-12-29 |
| CN112144057B CN112144057B (en) | 2022-08-05 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN118086897A (en) * | 2024-04-19 | 2024-05-28 | 山东镭研激光科技有限公司 | Laser cladding device |
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| CN2707773Y (en) * | 2004-06-15 | 2005-07-06 | 华南理工大学 | Bore type coaxial laser cladding nozzle |
| CN104694923A (en) * | 2015-03-30 | 2015-06-10 | 湖南大学 | Four-tube type coaxial powder feeding nozzle with adjustable convergence focal length |
| WO2016124656A1 (en) * | 2015-02-03 | 2016-08-11 | Mauser-Werke Oberndorf Maschinenbau Gmbh | Laser machining unit |
| CN108411301A (en) * | 2018-04-18 | 2018-08-17 | 西安必盛激光科技有限公司 | Laser cladding method, laser head, laser and the cladding system for realizing this method |
| CN109226764A (en) * | 2018-11-19 | 2019-01-18 | 大连理工大学 | A kind of gear reparation dedicated laser feeding head of anti-interference |
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2020
- 2020-09-18 CN CN202010984571.9A patent/CN112144057B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2707773Y (en) * | 2004-06-15 | 2005-07-06 | 华南理工大学 | Bore type coaxial laser cladding nozzle |
| WO2016124656A1 (en) * | 2015-02-03 | 2016-08-11 | Mauser-Werke Oberndorf Maschinenbau Gmbh | Laser machining unit |
| CN104694923A (en) * | 2015-03-30 | 2015-06-10 | 湖南大学 | Four-tube type coaxial powder feeding nozzle with adjustable convergence focal length |
| CN108411301A (en) * | 2018-04-18 | 2018-08-17 | 西安必盛激光科技有限公司 | Laser cladding method, laser head, laser and the cladding system for realizing this method |
| CN109226764A (en) * | 2018-11-19 | 2019-01-18 | 大连理工大学 | A kind of gear reparation dedicated laser feeding head of anti-interference |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN118086897A (en) * | 2024-04-19 | 2024-05-28 | 山东镭研激光科技有限公司 | Laser cladding device |
| CN118086897B (en) * | 2024-04-19 | 2024-06-25 | 山东镭研激光科技有限公司 | Laser cladding device |
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| CN112144057B (en) | 2022-08-05 |
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