CN112142535A - Coconut shell powder and pit bottom mud organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Coconut shell powder and pit bottom mud organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112142535A CN112142535A CN202011062724.0A CN202011062724A CN112142535A CN 112142535 A CN112142535 A CN 112142535A CN 202011062724 A CN202011062724 A CN 202011062724A CN 112142535 A CN112142535 A CN 112142535A
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- bottom mud
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C9/00—Fertilisers containing urea or urea compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of pit bottom mud aerobic composting, and discloses an organic fertilizer prepared from coconut shell powder and pit bottom mud, which is mainly prepared from bottom mud and auxiliary materials in parts by mass: 4-12 parts of bottom mud, 1-2 parts of coconut shell powder, 0-3 parts of rice chaff, 0-4 parts of rice hulls and 1-2 parts of corn flour. According to the invention, the pit bottom mud and coconut shell powder produced in Hainan province are used as main auxiliary materials, and a reasonable auxiliary material proportion is provided for aerobic composting to prepare the organic fertilizer, so that the problems of reduction, stabilization and harmlessness of the pit bottom mud are solved, the characteristics of rich nitrogen, phosphorus and other organic matters in the desilting pit bottom mud are fully utilized, and the pit bottom mud is used as the organic fertilizer for secondary utilization, and the application range is wide. After composting, the reduction rate of organic matters of the product is 10-20%, the increase rate of the germination index of seeds is 25-35%, the water content of the product is 45-60%, the content of available phosphorus is 40-70mg/kg, the content of ammonia nitrogen is 8-12g/kg, and the content of humus is slightly increased.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of pit and pond sediment aerobic composting, and relates to a pit and pond sediment organic fertilizer and a pit and pond sediment organic fertilizer aerobic composting preparation method.
Background
The pit bottom mud is the dredging bottom mud of the pit, has complex components and extremely high water content, is rich in organic matters such as nitrogen, phosphorus and the like, and also contains toxic and harmful substances such as pathogenic microorganisms, parasitic ova, heavy metals and the like. A large amount of unstabilized sediment can cause secondary environmental pollution by being randomly stacked, and great potential safety hazards, environmental pressure and economic burden exist. Therefore, the realization of reduction, stabilization and harmlessness of the bottom mud of the pool becomes a problem to be solved urgently at present.
Aerobic composting is a process in which aerobic microorganisms oxidize, decompose, absorb and synthesize organic wastes by virtue of their own vital activities under the conditions of good ventilation and sufficient oxygen, and finally convert the organic wastes into inorganic substances, water, organic fertilizers and energy. The pit and pond dredging sediment is only generated during construction, the sludge amount generated in unit time is large, the sediment has strong fluidity and high water content, and aerobic composting can be carried out only by doping proper auxiliary materials. The auxiliary materials often have good water-retaining property, so that the water seepage phenomenon cannot be generated under the condition of higher water content of the mixed material. Proper auxiliary material types and proportions play a crucial role in aerobic composting of bottom sludge, and one group or a plurality of groups of proportions containing various auxiliary materials are found out by adjusting the auxiliary material proportions in experiments, so that a certain desirable basis is provided for aerobic composting engineering.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems that pit bottom mud needs to be subjected to reduction, stabilization and harmless treatment, provides coconut shell powder and a pit bottom mud organic fertilizer, effectively utilizes the coconut shell powder rich in local articles in Hainan as an auxiliary material and desilting bottom mud to carry out aerobic composting, and not only harmlessly treats the pit bottom mud, but also provides rich agricultural resources; the invention also aims to provide a preparation method of the coconut shell powder and the pit bottom mud organic fertilizer, which is simple and easy to operate, and the prepared product has good performance.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
an organic fertilizer produced by coconut shell powder and pit bottom mud is mainly prepared by bottom mud and auxiliary materials according to the mass fraction ratio,
4-12 parts of bottom mud
1-2 parts of coconut shell powder
0-3 parts of rice chaff
0-4 parts of rice hull
1-2 parts of corn flour.
Furthermore, a corrosion promoter with one ten thousandth of the total mass of the materials is added into the organic fertilizer.
Furthermore, urea with the mass of 3-5% of the auxiliary materials is also added into the organic fertilizer.
Further, the mass fraction ratio of the main components of the organic fertilizer, namely the bottom mud and the auxiliary materials is as follows: 12 parts of bottom mud, 1 part of coconut shell powder, 2 parts of rice chaff, 4 parts of rice husk and 2 parts of corn flour.
Further, the organic fertilizer comprises 6 parts of bottom mud, 1 part of coconut shell powder, 1 part of rice chaff, 1 part of rice hull and 1 part of corn flour in parts by mass.
Further, the organic fertilizer comprises 12 parts of bottom mud, 1 part of coconut shell powder, 3 parts of rice chaff, 3 parts of rice hulls and 1 part of corn flour in parts by mass.
Furthermore, the organic fertilizer comprises 4 parts of bottom mud, 1 part of coconut shell powder, 2 parts of rice hulls and 1 part of corn flour in parts by mass.
The organic fertilizer is characterized in that the mass fractions of the main components of the organic fertilizer, namely the bottom mud and the auxiliary materials, are 6 parts of the bottom mud, 2 parts of coconut shell powder, 2 parts of rice chaff and 1 part of corn flour.
A preparation method of coconut shell powder and pit bottom mud organic fertilizer comprises the following operation steps:
(1) naturally airing excess water from the bottom mud of the pit and crushing for later use;
(2) mixing materials according to the mass part of the raw materials, and adjusting the water content of the materials to 50-65% after mixing;
(3) performing aerobic composting test by adopting stack fermentation;
(4) and (5) turning the materials in the 7 th day of composting, and finishing composting in 15 th day.
According to the invention, the pit bottom mud and coconut shell powder produced in Hainan province are used as main auxiliary materials, a reasonable auxiliary material proportion is provided, aerobic composting is carried out to prepare the organic fertilizer, the problems to be solved at present in reduction, stabilization and harmlessness of the pit bottom mud are solved, the characteristics of organic matters rich in nitrogen, phosphorus and the like are fully utilized, the pit bottom mud is used as the organic fertilizer for secondary utilization, the application range is wide, and the pit bottom mud can be used as a fertilizer for plants and green vegetables. After composting, the reduction rate of organic matters in the product is 10-20%, and the increase rate of the germination index of seeds is 25-35%. The water content of the product is 45-60%, the quick-acting phosphorus content is 40-70mg/kg, the ammonia nitrogen content is 8-12g/kg, and the humus content is slightly improved.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the examples below.
The invention provides a method for preparing an organic fertilizer by using coconut shell powder and pit bottom mud, which comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight:
the bottom sludge is the dredging sludge of a pit and a pond in a construction site, the bottom sludge is organic sludge with high water content, and the content of organic matters in the sludge is 2-5%. The water content of the sludge is 60-80%.
Example 1 preparation of coconut shell powder and pit bottom mud organic fertilizer
Comprises the following steps
(1) Naturally airing the bottom mud of the pit, changing the original mud shape into a block shape with a drier surface through airing, removing sand and stones and impurities, and crushing for later use;
(2) weighing 12 parts of bottom mud, 1 part of coconut shell powder, 2 parts of rice chaff, 4 parts of rice husk, 2 parts of corn flour, a corrosion promoter and urea, uniformly mixing, and adding water to adjust the water content of the material to 55-65%;
(3) loosely packed into the stack, i.e. the material is loaded with a shovel from the top of the stack, so that the material is packed into the stack in a free-fall manner, without compacting with a shovel, by means of a forced static ventilation system with a ventilation of 0.5m3/(min·m2)；
(4) Sampling compost at 0d, 7d and 15d for physical and chemical property analysis, and the data are shown in the attached table.
Example 2 coconut shell powder and pit bottom mud organic fertilizer preparation
Comprises the following steps
(1) Naturally airing the bottom mud of the pit, changing the original mud shape into a block shape with a drier surface through airing, removing sand and stones and impurities, and crushing for later use;
(2) weighing 6 parts of bottom mud, 1 part of coconut shell powder, 1 part of rice chaff, 1 part of rice hull, 1 part of corn flour, a corrosion accelerator and urea, uniformly mixing, and adjusting the water content of the material to 55-65%;
(3) loosely packed into the stack, i.e. the material is loaded with a shovel from the top of the stack, so that the material is packed into the stack in a free-fall manner, without compacting with a shovel, by means of a forced static ventilation system with a ventilation of 0.5m3/(min·m2)；
(4) Sampling compost at 0d, 7d and 15d for physical and chemical property analysis, and the data are shown in the attached table.
Example 3 coconut shell powder and pit bottom mud organic fertilizer preparation
Comprises the following steps
(1) Naturally airing the bottom mud of the pit, changing the original mud shape into a block shape with a drier surface through airing, removing sand and stones and impurities, and crushing for later use;
(2) weighing 12 parts of bottom mud, 1 part of coconut shell powder, 3 parts of rice chaff, 3 parts of rice husk, 1 part of corn flour, a corrosion accelerator and urea, uniformly mixing, and adjusting the water content of the material to 55-65%;
(3) loosely packed into the stack, i.e. the material is loaded with a shovel from the top of the stack, so that the material is packed into the stack in a free-fall manner, without compacting with a shovel, by means of a forced static ventilation system with a ventilation of 0.5m3/(min·m2)；
(4) Sampling compost at 0d, 7d and 15d for physical and chemical property analysis, and the data are shown in the attached table.
Example 4 coconut shell powder and pit bottom mud organic fertilizer preparation
Comprises the following steps
(1) Naturally airing the bottom mud of the pit, changing the original mud shape into a block shape with a drier surface through airing, removing sand and stones and impurities, and crushing for later use;
(2) weighing 4 parts of bottom mud, 1 part of coconut shell powder, 2 parts of rice hull, 1 part of corn flour, a corrosion accelerator and urea, uniformly mixing, and adjusting the water content of the material to 55-65%;
(3) loosely packed into the stack, i.e. the material is loaded with a shovel from the top of the stack, so that the material is packed into the stack in a free-fall manner, without compacting with a shovel, by means of a forced static ventilation system with a ventilation of 0.5m3/(min·m2)；
(4) Sampling compost at 0d, 7d and 15d for physical and chemical property analysis, and the data are shown in the attached table.
Example 5 coconut shell powder and pit bottom mud organic fertilizer preparation
Comprises the following steps
(1) Naturally airing the bottom mud of the pit, changing the original mud shape into a block shape with a drier surface through airing, removing sand and stones and impurities, and crushing for later use;
(2) weighing 6 parts of bottom mud, 2 parts of coconut shell powder, 2 parts of rice chaff, 1 part of corn flour, a corrosion accelerator and urea, uniformly mixing, and adjusting the water content of the material to 55-65%;
(3) loosely packed into the stack, i.e. the material is loaded with a shovel from the top of the stack, so that the material is packed into the stack in a free-fall manner, without compacting with a shovel, by means of a forced static ventilation system with a ventilation of 0.5m3/(min·m2)；
(4) Sampling compost at 0d, 7d and 15d for physical and chemical property analysis, and the data are shown in the attached table.
The organic fertilizers obtained in examples 1 to 5 were subjected to physical and chemical property tests, and the results are shown in table 2. Wherein table 1 shows the raw material composition of the sediment organic fertilizer of examples 1-5.
Table 1 coconut husk powder and bottom mud organic fertilizer raw material composition (mass fraction)
| Bottom mud | Coconut shell powder | Rice chaff | Rice husk | Corn flour | Decay accelerator | Urea | |
| Example 1 | 12 | 1 | 2 | 4 | 2 | 0.0021 | 0.27 |
| Example 2 | 6 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0.001 | 0.15 |
| Example 3 | 12 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 1 | 0.002 | 0.24 |
| Example 4 | 4 | 1 | —— | 2 | 1 | 0.0008 | 0.12 |
| Example 5 | 6 | 2 | 2 | —— | 1 | 0.0011 | 0.15 |
TABLE 2 results of physicochemical properties of coconut husk powder and sediment organic fertilizer of different examples
TABLE 3 results of physicochemical properties of coconut husk powder and sediment organic fertilizer of different examples
The results of the experiments shown in table 2 and table 3 show that: the coconut shell powder used as an auxiliary material has good aerobic composting effect with the bottom mud of the pool.
After 15 days of aerobic composting, the reduction rate of the water content of the sample material is 5-15%, the reduction rate of the organic matter is 10-20%, and the rise rate of the germination index of the seeds is 25-35% (taking mung beans as an experiment). After composting, the water content of the product is 45-60%, the content of available phosphorus is 40-70mg/kg, the content of ammonia nitrogen is 8-12g/kg, and the content of humus is slightly improved.
The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any other modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications which are made without departing from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be regarded as equivalent replacements within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. An organic fertilizer produced by coconut shell powder and pond sediment is characterized in that: the organic fertilizer is mainly prepared from bottom mud and auxiliary materials according to the mass fraction ratio,
4-12 parts of bottom mud
1-2 parts of coconut shell powder
0-3 parts of rice chaff
0-4 parts of rice hull
1-2 parts of corn flour.
2. The coconut shell powder and pit bottom mud organic fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that a decay promoting agent with one ten thousandth of the total mass of the materials is added in the organic fertilizer.
3. The coconut shell powder and pit bottom mud organic fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that urea in an amount of 3-5% by mass of auxiliary materials is further added to the organic fertilizer.
4. The coconut shell powder and pit bottom mud organic fertilizer as claimed in any one of claims 1-3, wherein the organic fertilizer comprises the following main components in percentage by mass: 12 parts of bottom mud, 1 part of coconut shell powder, 2 parts of rice chaff, 4 parts of rice husk and 2 parts of corn flour.
5. The coconut husk powder and pit bottom mud organic fertilizer as claimed in any one of claims 1-3, wherein the organic fertilizer comprises, by mass, 6 parts of bottom mud and 1 part of coconut husk powder, 1 part of rice chaff, 1 part of rice husk and 1 part of corn flour.
6. The coconut husk powder and pit bottom mud organic fertilizer as claimed in any one of claims 1-3, wherein the organic fertilizer comprises the main components of bottom mud and auxiliary materials in parts by mass, namely, 12 parts of bottom mud, 1 part of coconut husk powder, 3 parts of rice chaff, 3 parts of rice husk and 1 part of corn flour.
7. The coconut husk powder and pit bottom mud organic fertilizer according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that the organic fertilizer comprises, by mass, 4 parts of bottom mud and 1 part of coconut husk powder, 2 parts of rice husk and 1 part of corn flour.
8. The coconut husk powder and pit bottom mud organic fertilizer as claimed in any one of claims 1-3, wherein the organic fertilizer comprises, by mass, 6 parts of bottom mud, 2 parts of coconut husk powder, 2 parts of rice chaff and 1 part of corn flour.
9. The method for preparing the coconut shell powder and pond sediment organic fertilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 3, which is characterized by comprising the following operation steps:
(1) naturally airing excess water from the bottom mud of the pit and crushing for later use;
(2) mixing materials according to the mass part of the raw materials, and adjusting the water content of the materials to 50-65% after mixing;
(3) performing aerobic composting test by adopting stack fermentation;
(4) and (5) turning the materials in the 7 th day of composting, and finishing composting in 15 th day.
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104355695A (en) * | 2014-10-28 | 2015-02-18 | 武汉赛润科技有限公司 | Organic fertilizer |
| CN105541511A (en) * | 2014-10-28 | 2016-05-04 | 武汉赛润科技有限公司 | Organic fertilizer preparation method |
| CN107021808A (en) * | 2017-03-09 | 2017-08-08 | 海门市水源丰农产品有限公司 | A kind of organic cauliflower composite fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN109650982A (en) * | 2017-10-11 | 2019-04-19 | 湖北正道生态肥业工程有限公司 | A kind of organic fertilizer |
-
2020
- 2020-09-30 CN CN202011062724.0A patent/CN112142535A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104355695A (en) * | 2014-10-28 | 2015-02-18 | 武汉赛润科技有限公司 | Organic fertilizer |
| CN105541511A (en) * | 2014-10-28 | 2016-05-04 | 武汉赛润科技有限公司 | Organic fertilizer preparation method |
| CN107021808A (en) * | 2017-03-09 | 2017-08-08 | 海门市水源丰农产品有限公司 | A kind of organic cauliflower composite fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN109650982A (en) * | 2017-10-11 | 2019-04-19 | 湖北正道生态肥业工程有限公司 | A kind of organic fertilizer |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 刘旭等: "《园林生态学实验与实践》", 30 June 2015, 西南交通大学出版社 * |
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Application publication date: 20201229 |
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