CN112142520A - Preparation method of organic fertilizer rich in mineral elements - Google Patents
Preparation method of organic fertilizer rich in mineral elements Download PDFInfo
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- CN112142520A CN112142520A CN202011059944.8A CN202011059944A CN112142520A CN 112142520 A CN112142520 A CN 112142520A CN 202011059944 A CN202011059944 A CN 202011059944A CN 112142520 A CN112142520 A CN 112142520A
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- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 239000002366 mineral element Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 93
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 78
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000001994 activation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 241000124033 Salix Species 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 241000193830 Bacillus <bacterium> Species 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011363 dried mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 abstract description 40
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 19
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000007725 thermal activation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 23
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 15
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 12
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 11
- DLHONNLASJQAHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;potassium;oxygen(2-);silicon(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Si+4].[Si+4].[Si+4].[K+] DLHONNLASJQAHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 9
- -1 silicate ions Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 6
- 206010016807 Fluid retention Diseases 0.000 description 4
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 4
- BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium cation Chemical compound [Ca+2] BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- JLVVSXFLKOJNIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium ion Chemical compound [Mg+2] JLVVSXFLKOJNIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KMNWCNNLFBCDJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Si].[K] Chemical compound [Si].[K] KMNWCNNLFBCDJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910001424 calcium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 description 3
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910001425 magnesium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910001414 potassium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000000644 propagated effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910001919 chlorite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052619 chlorite group Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- QBWCMBCROVPCKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorous acid Chemical compound OCl=O QBWCMBCROVPCKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YGANSGVIUGARFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipotassium dioxosilane oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O--].[K+].[K+].O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O YGANSGVIUGARFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010433 feldspar Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052900 illite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052627 muscovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VGIBGUSAECPPNB-UHFFFAOYSA-L nonaaluminum;magnesium;tripotassium;1,3-dioxido-2,4,5-trioxa-1,3-disilabicyclo[1.1.1]pentane;iron(2+);oxygen(2-);fluoride;hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[F-].[Mg+2].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[K+].[K+].[K+].[Fe+2].O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2.O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2.O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2.O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2.O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2.O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2.O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2 VGIBGUSAECPPNB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021532 Calcite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Na2O Inorganic materials [O-2].[Na+].[Na+] KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002734 clay mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011019 hematite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052595 hematite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002440 industrial waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- LIKBJVNGSGBSGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Fe+3].[Fe+3] LIKBJVNGSGBSGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052622 kaolinite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NOTVAPJNGZMVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium monoxide Inorganic materials [K]O[K] NOTVAPJNGZMVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011028 pyrite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052683 pyrite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NIFIFKQPDTWWGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrite Chemical compound [Fe+2].[S-][S-] NIFIFKQPDTWWGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910021646 siderite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C11/00—Other nitrogenous fertilisers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of an organic fertilizer rich in mineral elements, which comprises the following steps: s1: coal gangue crushing, S2: molding; s3: thermal activation; s4: quenching; s5: drying; s6: pulverization, S7: mixing raw materials, namely mixing coal gangue powder, willow bark, straw powder, livestock manure, mixed strain powder and amino acid in a mixer to obtain a mixture; s8; and (4) dispersing the mixture obtained in the step S7, placing the dispersed mixture in the sun for insolation for 3-5 hours, and airing to obtain the organic fertilizer. The invention supplements trace elements in soil, improves soil activity, water retention and air permeability; micropores and mesopores are formed in the activation process of the coal gangue, so that a carrier is provided for strains in soil, and the propagation of microorganisms is facilitated; can remove heavy metals in soil, and after amino acid is decomposed, the heavy metals combined with the amino acid can be solidified in micropores and mesopores of the coal gangue.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural fertilizers, in particular to a preparation method of an organic fertilizer rich in mineral elements.
Background
Coal gangue is a solid industrial waste produced in the coal mining and processing process and contains various mineral components. Wherein the kaolin and quartz account for more than 50%, and may also contain other crystalline phase minerals such as illite, chlorite, muscovite, feldspar, pyrite, siderite, hematite, calcite, etc. Wherein the kaolinite, illite, chlorite, muscovite, feldspar and the like belong to the aluminum clay minerals and all show good adsorption performance. The main chemical components of the coal gangue comprise AL2O3, SiO2, CaO, MgO, Fe2O3, K2O, Na2O and the like. The geological age and the area of the coal bed are different, and the content of the chemical components is greatly fluctuated.
However, in China, coal gangue stockpiled in coal enterprises reaches 50 hundred million t, and the emission increases at a rate of not less than 3 hundred million t per year. The annual emission of coal gangue in China is estimated to be not less than 7 hundred million t before 2020. The coal gangue stockpiled throughout the year wastes a large amount of valuable land resources, and also destroys the ecological environment of a mining area, influences the underground water quality of the mining area, destroys landscapes and the like.
During the growth of plants, mineral elements, particularly phosphorus element, potassium element and the like are needed, and the coal gangue is rich in various trace mineral elements, so that the inventor researches a preparation method of the organic fertilizer rich in mineral elements through long-term experiments.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a preparation method of an organic fertilizer rich in mineral elements.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a preparation method of an organic fertilizer rich in mineral elements comprises the following steps:
s1: crushing the coal gangue, namely crushing the coal gangue by a crusher to obtain powder;
s2: molding, namely pressing and molding the mixture by a molding machine;
s3: heat activation, namely heating the mixture formed in the step S2 and activating the mixture;
s4: quenching, namely quenching the mixture activated in the S3 in a water mist quenching mode;
s5: drying, namely drying the quenched mixture in the S4 to obtain a dry mixture;
s6: crushing, grinding the dried mixture in S5 to obtain powder,
s7: mixing raw materials, namely mixing coal gangue powder, willow bark, straw powder, livestock manure, mixed strain powder and amino acid in a mixer to obtain a mixture;
s8; and (4) dispersing the mixture obtained in the step S7, placing the dispersed mixture in the sun for insolation for 3-5 hours, and airing to obtain the organic fertilizer.
Preferably, the coal gangue powder comprises 50-80 parts of coal gangue powder, 15-20 parts of willow bark, 10-15 parts of straw powder, 20-30 parts of livestock manure, 8-12 parts of mixed bacillus powder and 15-18 parts of amino acid.
Preferably, the coal gangue powder comprises 70 parts of coal gangue powder, 18 parts of willow bark, 12 parts of straw powder, 25 parts of livestock manure, 10 parts of mixed bacillus powder and 17 parts of amino acid
Preferably, the heating apparatus used in the S3 step is one of a tunnel kiln, a rotary kiln, a chamber kiln, a shuttle kiln, a trolley kiln and a microwave kiln.
Preferably, in the step S3, the heating rate is 10 to 30 ℃/min, the heat preservation temperature is: the temperature is 1000-1200 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 1-4 h
Preferably, the drying temperature in the step S5 is 50-110 ℃.
The invention has the following advantages: according to the preparation method for preparing the microbial fertilizer by using the coal gangue, the coal gangue is used as a raw material of the fertilizer, trace elements in soil are supplemented, plant absorption is facilitated, the activity, water retention property and air permeability of the soil are improved after the coal gangue is activated, and micropores and mesopores are formed in the activation process of the coal gangue, so that a carrier is provided for strains in the soil, and the propagation of microorganisms is facilitated; activated coal gangue, active AL2O3The amino acid can be combined with the amino acid, and the amino acid can be combined with the heavy metal in the soil, so that the heavy metal in the soil can be removed, and after the amino acid is decomposed, the heavy metal combined with the amino acid can be solidified in micropores and mesopores of the coal gangue, thereby being beneficial to improving the soil for a long time.
Detailed Description
The first embodiment is as follows:
a preparation method of an organic fertilizer rich in mineral elements comprises the following steps:
s1: crushing coal gangue, namely crushing the coal gangue by using a crusher to obtain powder, and further, sieving the crushed coal gangue to ensure that the mesh number of the powder of the coal gangue is more than 200;
s2: forming, namely pressing and forming the mixture by a forming machine, wherein the formed mixture is convenient to transport, store and subsequently process;
s3: heat activation, namely heating and activating the mixture formed in the step S2, in this embodiment, the adopted heating equipment is one of a tunnel kiln, a rotary kiln, a chamber kiln, a shuttle kiln, a trolley kiln and a microwave kiln, the preferable heating equipment is the rotary kiln, when heating is carried out, the temperature rise temperature is 30 ℃/min, the heat preservation temperature is 1200 ℃, heat preservation is carried out for 1h, activation of the powder material can be fully ensured through heat preservation, crystal coating of potassium feldspar, silicon dioxide, calcium oxide and the like in the powder material is destroyed through heat activation, so that the powder material becomes an amorphous active material, after the powder material is added into soil, the active potassium feldspar, active silicon dioxide and active calcium oxide in the powder material can be slowly converted into potassium ions, silicate ions and calcium ions, and elements such as iron, aluminum, magnesium and the like in the coal gangue can be activated during high-temperature heat activation, therefore, the fertilizer is put into the soil and can be slowly converted into iron ions, aluminum ions, magnesium ions and the like, so as to supplement the trace elements in the soil; during the calcining process, carbon in the coal gangue reacts with oxygen in the air to generate carbon dioxide, the carbon dioxide overflows, so that mesopores and micropores are formed in the coal gangue, the coal gangue has a large specific surface area, water in the soil can enter the mesopores and the micropores through the mesopores and the micropores, the water retention of the silicon-potassium fertilizer is improved, and the mesopores and the micropores can also improve the air permeability of the soil, so that the growth of plants is facilitated;
s4: quenching, namely quenching the activated mixture in S3 in a water mist quenching mode, wherein water mist can act on the whole mixture to ensure that the mixture is uniformly cooled, so that the quenching effect is improved, and activated potassium feldspar, silicon dioxide, calcium oxide and the like cannot be changed into stable crystal packets in time through quenching, so that the activated powder in S3 can keep activity;
s5: drying, namely drying the quenched mixture in the S4 to obtain a dried mixture, wherein the drying temperature is 50 ℃;
s6: crushing, grinding the mixture dried in the step S5 to obtain powder, further crushing the mixture into two steps, namely coarse crushing and fine grinding, firstly performing coarse crushing, performing coarse crushing on the mixture through coarse crushing equipment, preferably performing coarse crushing by using a jaw crusher to obtain a granular mixture, secondly conveying the granular mixture into fine grinding equipment to be ground, preferably using a ball mill to obtain the powder, normally, the powder ground by the ball mill is the required powder, then screening the powder through a powder screening machine to screen the powder with more than 200 meshes, and enabling the rest powder to enter the ball mill again to be ground.
S7: mixing raw materials, namely mixing 80 parts of coal gangue powder, 15 parts of willow bark, 15 parts of straw powder, 20 parts of livestock excrement, 12 parts of mixed bacillus powder and 15 parts of amino acid in a mixer to obtain a mixture, wherein after the coal gangue is activated, micropores and mesopores are formed on the surface of the coal gangue, so that the coal gangue has a larger specific surface area, and after the coal gangue is activated, active AL can be formed in the coal gangue2O3And amino acids capable of reacting with active AL2O3Combine, thereby make amino acid be difficult to run off, after putting into soil with it, amino acid can adsorb the heavy metal in the soil, and after amino acid decomposes, the micropore and the mesopore of gangue then can enter into to the adsorbed heavy metal ion, thereby can solidify heavy metal, can restore heavy metal soil, and mixed bacterial powder breeds the back in a large number in soil, micropore and mesopore in the gangue also can play the bearing effect to the bacterial, guarantee the reproduction of bacterial, and willow bark, straw powder, after the fermentation of livestock manure, can provide organic fertilizer for soil, and after the fermentation, also can be convenient for mixed bacterial breeds.
S8; and (4) dispersing the mixture obtained in the step S7, placing the dispersed mixture in the sun for exposure for 5 hours, and airing to obtain the organic fertilizer.
Example two
A preparation method of an organic fertilizer rich in mineral elements comprises the following steps:
s1: crushing coal gangue, namely crushing the coal gangue by using a crusher to obtain powder, and further, sieving the crushed coal gangue to ensure that the mesh number of the powder of the coal gangue is more than 200;
s2: forming, namely pressing and forming the mixture by a forming machine, wherein the formed mixture is convenient to transport, store and subsequently process;
s3: heat activation, namely heating and activating the mixture formed in the step S2, in this embodiment, the adopted heating equipment is one of a tunnel kiln, a rotary kiln, a chamber kiln, a shuttle kiln, a trolley kiln and a microwave kiln, the preferable heating equipment is the rotary kiln, when heating is carried out, the temperature rise temperature is 20 ℃/min, the heat preservation temperature is 1100 ℃, heat preservation is carried out, the heat preservation time is 4 hours, activation of the powder material can be fully ensured through heat preservation, crystal coating of potassium feldspar, silicon dioxide, calcium oxide and the like in the powder material is destroyed through heat activation, so that the powder material becomes an amorphous active material, after the powder material is added into soil, the active potassium feldspar, active silicon dioxide and active calcium oxide in the powder material can be slowly converted into potassium ions, silicate ions and calcium ions, and elements such as iron, aluminum, magnesium and the like in the coal gangue can be activated during high-temperature heat activation, therefore, the fertilizer is put into the soil and can be slowly converted into iron ions, aluminum ions, magnesium ions and the like, so as to supplement the trace elements in the soil; during the calcining process, carbon in the coal gangue reacts with oxygen in the air to generate carbon dioxide, the carbon dioxide overflows, so that mesopores and micropores are formed in the coal gangue, the coal gangue has a large specific surface area, water in the soil can enter the mesopores and the micropores through the mesopores and the micropores, the water retention of the silicon-potassium fertilizer is improved, and the mesopores and the micropores can also improve the air permeability of the soil, so that the growth of plants is facilitated;
s4: quenching, namely quenching the activated mixture in S3 in a water mist quenching mode, wherein water mist can act on the whole mixture to ensure that the mixture is uniformly cooled, so that the quenching effect is improved, and activated potassium feldspar, silicon dioxide, calcium oxide and the like cannot be changed into stable crystal packets in time through quenching, so that the activated powder in S3 can keep activity;
s5: drying, namely drying the quenched mixture in the S4 to obtain a dried mixture, wherein the drying temperature is 80 ℃;
s6: crushing, grinding the mixture dried in the step S5 to obtain powder, further crushing the mixture into two steps, namely coarse crushing and fine grinding, firstly performing coarse crushing, performing coarse crushing on the mixture through coarse crushing equipment, preferably performing coarse crushing by using a jaw crusher to obtain a granular mixture, secondly conveying the granular mixture into fine grinding equipment to be ground, preferably using a ball mill to obtain the powder, normally, the powder ground by the ball mill is the required powder, then screening the powder through a powder screening machine to screen the powder with more than 200 meshes, and enabling the rest powder to enter the ball mill again to be ground.
S7: mixing raw materials, namely mixing 70 parts of coal gangue powder, 18 parts of willow bark, 12 parts of straw powder, 25 parts of livestock excrement, 10 parts of mixed bacillus powder and 17 parts of amino acid in a mixer to obtain a mixture, wherein the surface of the coal gangue powder is formed with micropores and mesopores after the coal gangue is activated, so that the coal gangue has a larger specific surface area, and active AL can be formed in the coal gangue after the coal gangue is activated2O3And amino acids capable of reacting with active AL2O3The combination is realized, so that the amino acid is not easy to run off, after the amino acid is placed in the soil, the amino acid can adsorb heavy metal in the soil, and after the amino acid is decomposed, the adsorbed heavy metal ions can enter micropores and mesopores of the coal gangue, so that the heavy metal can be solidified, the heavy metal soil can be repaired, after the mixed strain powder is propagated in the soil in a large quantity, the micropores and the mesopores in the coal gangue can also play a bearing role on the strain, the propagation of the strain is ensured, and the willow bark and the straw can be used for repairing the heavy metal soilAfter the powder and the livestock manure are fermented, organic fertilizer can be provided for soil, and after fermentation, mixed strains can be conveniently bred.
S8; and (4) dispersing the mixture obtained in the step S7, placing the dispersed mixture in the sun for insolation for 3-5 hours, and airing to obtain the organic fertilizer.
EXAMPLE III
A preparation method of an organic fertilizer rich in mineral elements comprises the following steps:
s1: crushing coal gangue, namely crushing the coal gangue by using a crusher to obtain powder, and further, sieving the crushed coal gangue to ensure that the mesh number of the powder of the coal gangue is more than 200;
s2: forming, namely pressing and forming the mixture by a forming machine, wherein the formed mixture is convenient to transport, store and subsequently process;
s3: heat activation, namely heating and activating the mixture formed in the step S2, in this embodiment, the adopted heating equipment is one of a tunnel kiln, a rotary kiln, a chamber kiln, a shuttle kiln, a trolley kiln and a microwave kiln, the preferable heating equipment is the rotary kiln, when heating is carried out, the temperature rise temperature is 10 ℃/min, the heat preservation temperature is 1000 ℃, then heat preservation is carried out, the heat preservation time is 2h, the activation of the powder material can be fully ensured through heat preservation, the crystal coating of potassium feldspar, silicon dioxide, calcium oxide and the like in the powder material is destroyed through heat activation, so that the powder material becomes an amorphous active material, after the active potassium feldspar, active silicon dioxide and active calcium oxide in the powder material are added into soil, the active potassium feldspar, active silicon dioxide and active calcium oxide in the powder material can be slowly converted into potassium ions, silicate ions and calcium ions, and elements such as iron, aluminum and magnesium in the coal gangue can be activated during high-temperature heat activation, therefore, the fertilizer is put into the soil and can be slowly converted into iron ions, aluminum ions, magnesium ions and the like, so as to supplement the trace elements in the soil; during the calcining process, carbon in the coal gangue reacts with oxygen in the air to generate carbon dioxide, the carbon dioxide overflows, so that mesopores and micropores are formed in the coal gangue, the coal gangue has a large specific surface area, water in the soil can enter the mesopores and the micropores through the mesopores and the micropores, the water retention of the silicon-potassium fertilizer is improved, and the mesopores and the micropores can also improve the air permeability of the soil, so that the growth of plants is facilitated;
s4: quenching, namely quenching the activated mixture in S3 in a water mist quenching mode, wherein water mist can act on the whole mixture to ensure that the mixture is uniformly cooled, so that the quenching effect is improved, and activated potassium feldspar, silicon dioxide, calcium oxide and the like cannot be changed into stable crystal packets in time through quenching, so that the activated powder in S3 can keep activity;
s5: drying, namely drying the quenched mixture in the S4 to obtain a dried mixture, wherein the drying temperature is 100 ℃;
s6: crushing, grinding the mixture dried in the step S5 to obtain powder, further crushing the mixture into two steps, namely coarse crushing and fine grinding, firstly performing coarse crushing, performing coarse crushing on the mixture through coarse crushing equipment, preferably performing coarse crushing by using a jaw crusher to obtain a granular mixture, secondly conveying the granular mixture into fine grinding equipment to be ground, preferably using a ball mill to obtain the powder, normally, the powder ground by the ball mill is the required powder, then screening the powder through a powder screening machine to screen the powder with more than 200 meshes, and enabling the rest powder to enter the ball mill again to be ground.
S7: mixing raw materials, namely mixing 50 parts of coal gangue powder, 20 parts of willow bark, 10 parts of straw powder, 30 parts of livestock excrement, 8 parts of mixed bacillus powder and 18 parts of amino acid in a mixer to obtain a mixture, wherein the surface of the coal gangue powder is formed with micropores and mesopores after the coal gangue is activated, so that the coal gangue has a larger specific surface area, and active AL can be formed in the coal gangue after the coal gangue is activated2O3And amino acids capable of reacting with active AL2O3The amino acid is not easy to lose, after the amino acid is put into the soil, the amino acid can adsorb heavy metal in the soil, and after the amino acid is decomposed, the heavy metal is adsorbedThe heavy metal ions can enter the micropores and the mesopores of the coal gangue, so that the heavy metal can be solidified, the heavy metal soil can be repaired, the micropores and the mesopores in the coal gangue can also play a bearing role on the strains after the mixed strain powder is massively propagated in the soil, the propagation of the strains is ensured, and after the willow bark, the straw powder and the livestock manure are fermented, organic fertilizer can be provided for the soil, and the mixed strains can be conveniently propagated after the fermentation.
S8; and (4) dispersing the mixture obtained in the step S7, placing the dispersed mixture in the sun for insolation for 3-5 hours, and airing to obtain the organic fertilizer.
Although the invention has been described herein with reference to a number of illustrative embodiments thereof, it should be understood that numerous other modifications and embodiments can be devised by those skilled in the art that will fall within the spirit and scope of the principles of this disclosure. More specifically, various variations and modifications are possible in the component parts and/or arrangements of the subject combination arrangement within the scope of the disclosure and claims of this application. In addition to variations and modifications in the component parts and/or arrangements, other uses will also be apparent to those skilled in the art.
Claims (6)
1. A preparation method of an organic fertilizer rich in mineral elements is characterized by comprising the following steps: it comprises the following steps:
s1: crushing the coal gangue, namely crushing the coal gangue by a crusher to obtain powder;
s2: molding, namely pressing and molding the mixture by a molding machine;
s3: heat activation, namely heating the mixture formed in the step S2 and activating the mixture;
s4: quenching, namely quenching the mixture activated in the S3 in a water mist quenching mode;
s5: drying, namely drying the quenched mixture in the S4 to obtain a dry mixture;
s6: crushing, grinding the dried mixture in S5 to obtain powder,
s7: mixing raw materials, namely mixing coal gangue powder, willow bark, straw powder, livestock manure, mixed strain powder and amino acid in a mixer to obtain a mixture;
s8; and (4) dispersing the mixture obtained in the step S7, placing the dispersed mixture in the sun for insolation for 3-5 hours, and airing to obtain the organic fertilizer.
2. A preparation method of an organic fertilizer rich in mineral elements is characterized by comprising the following steps: the coal gangue powder comprises 50-80 parts of coal gangue powder, 15-20 parts of willow bark, 10-15 parts of straw powder, 20-30 parts of livestock manure, 8-12 parts of mixed bacillus powder and 15-18 parts of amino acid.
3. A preparation method of an organic fertilizer rich in mineral elements is characterized by comprising the following steps: 70 parts of coal gangue powder, 18 parts of willow bark, 12 parts of straw powder, 25 parts of livestock manure, 10 parts of mixed bacillus powder and 17 parts of amino acid.
4. The method for preparing organic fertilizer rich in mineral elements according to claim 1, characterized in that: the heating equipment adopted in the step S3 is one of a tunnel kiln, a rotary kiln, a chamber kiln, a shuttle kiln, a trolley kiln and a microwave kiln.
5. The method for preparing organic fertilizer rich in mineral elements according to claim 3, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step S3, during heating, the heating speed is 10-30 ℃/min, the heat preservation temperature is as follows: the temperature is 1000-1200 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 1-4 h
6. The method for preparing organic fertilizer rich in mineral elements according to claim 2, characterized in that: and the drying temperature in the S5 is 50-110 ℃.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113582763A (en) * | 2021-08-18 | 2021-11-02 | 中科鼎乾(北京)环保发展有限公司 | Method and system for producing high-silicon compound fertilizer by activating coal gangue |
| CN114956872A (en) * | 2022-06-28 | 2022-08-30 | 舒新前 | Method for preparing silicon fertilizer by activating coal gangue |
-
2020
- 2020-09-30 CN CN202011059944.8A patent/CN112142520A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113582763A (en) * | 2021-08-18 | 2021-11-02 | 中科鼎乾(北京)环保发展有限公司 | Method and system for producing high-silicon compound fertilizer by activating coal gangue |
| CN113582763B (en) * | 2021-08-18 | 2023-02-21 | 中科鼎乾(北京)环保发展有限公司 | Method and system for producing high-silicon compound fertilizer by activating coal gangue |
| CN114956872A (en) * | 2022-06-28 | 2022-08-30 | 舒新前 | Method for preparing silicon fertilizer by activating coal gangue |
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