CN112140659A - 一种缝合型柔性纳米隔热材料及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种缝合型柔性纳米隔热材料及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN112140659A CN112140659A CN202010848720.9A CN202010848720A CN112140659A CN 112140659 A CN112140659 A CN 112140659A CN 202010848720 A CN202010848720 A CN 202010848720A CN 112140659 A CN112140659 A CN 112140659A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- fiber
- suture
- nano
- panel
- flexible
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 98
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 93
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000012792 core layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000009958 sewing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000003605 opacifier Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 claims abstract 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 54
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000011162 core material Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ZrO2 Inorganic materials O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052863 mullite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011858 nanopowder Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- NJLLQSBAHIKGKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipotassium dioxido(oxo)titanium Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-][Ti]([O-])=O NJLLQSBAHIKGKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] Chemical compound [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000005543 nano-size silicon particle Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021392 nanocarbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010947 wet-dispersion method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000000748 compression moulding Methods 0.000 description 16
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 14
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001771 vacuum deposition Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007767 bonding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000635 electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002086 nanomaterial Substances 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000718 radiation-protective agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003566 sealing material Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/16—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by features of a layer formed of particles, e.g. chips, powder or granules
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B33/00—Layered products characterised by particular properties or particular surface features, e.g. particular surface coatings; Layered products designed for particular purposes not covered by another single class
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B38/00—Ancillary operations in connection with laminating processes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
- B32B5/06—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer characterised by a fibrous or filamentary layer mechanically connected, e.g. by needling to another layer, e.g. of fibres, of paper
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
- B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
- B32B5/26—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
- B32B5/30—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being formed of particles, e.g. chips, granules, powder
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B9/00—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00
- B32B9/005—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising one layer of ceramic material, e.g. porcelain, ceramic tile
- B32B9/007—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising one layer of ceramic material, e.g. porcelain, ceramic tile comprising carbon, e.g. graphite, composite carbon
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B9/00—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00
- B32B9/04—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising such particular substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B9/047—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising such particular substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material made of fibres or filaments
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B30/00—Compositions for artificial stone, not containing binders
- C04B30/02—Compositions for artificial stone, not containing binders containing fibrous materials
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B38/00—Ancillary operations in connection with laminating processes
- B32B2038/0052—Other operations not otherwise provided for
- B32B2038/008—Sewing, stitching
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
- B32B2250/40—Symmetrical or sandwich layers, e.g. ABA, ABCBA, ABCCBA
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
- B32B2262/10—Inorganic fibres
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
- B32B2262/10—Inorganic fibres
- B32B2262/106—Carbon fibres, e.g. graphite fibres
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2264/00—Composition or properties of particles which form a particulate layer or are present as additives
- B32B2264/10—Inorganic particles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2264/00—Composition or properties of particles which form a particulate layer or are present as additives
- B32B2264/10—Inorganic particles
- B32B2264/102—Oxide or hydroxide
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/30—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
- B32B2307/304—Insulating
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及一种缝合型柔性纳米隔热材料及其制备方法。该材料为基于网格式布局上下贯穿的缝合方式的缝合型柔性纳米隔热材料。以纳米粉体、陶瓷纤维及红外遮光剂为主要原料,通过混合分散和组装压制获得刚性纳米隔热材料;将压制好的刚性纳米隔热材料作为芯层材料,柔性包覆体作为外层面板,以耐高温纤维线为缝合线,依次按照“面板‑芯层‑面板”的顺序以网格式布局缝合方式对材料进行包覆,最终获得缝合型柔性纳米隔热材料。该方法制备的材料具有良好的抗扭曲和隔热性能,未来在隔热、保温等领域具有广阔的应用前景。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种缝合型柔性纳米隔热材料的制备新方法,具体涉及一种多层复合的柔性纳米材料制备方法。
背景技术
纳米隔热材料是由纳米粉体和纤维增强体为主体原料,以干法分散,通过模压成型获得的新型隔热材料,其具有轻质、耐高温和导热系数低的特点。但是干法压制的纳米隔热材料没有柔性,难以适应复杂曲率物体的柔性包覆,限制了材料的应用。
现阶段,纳米隔热材料柔性化主要采用柔性增强体来实现,常用的方法包括真空包覆、复合粘结包覆以及缝合包覆等。真空包覆是指以有机密封材料或铝箔等物质为柔性增强体,将待包覆物真空密封,该种方法的主要缺陷就是柔性增强体耐温性不足,很难在600度以上的高温使用。复合粘结包覆是指采用大量无机胶粘结,将材料粘结在柔性增强体上,实现柔性强化,该种方式要求材料厚度较薄,且大量无机粘结剂的引入也会导致材料整体导热系数大大增加。传统的缝合法是指采用两层缝合布将材料包裹在内部,将边缘进行缝合,该种方法简单有效,但是易造成材料的柔性弯折过程,易造成材料内部散乱,进而导致材料局部隔热性能降低甚至失效。因此,急需开发出一种新型的简单高效柔性纳米隔热材料制备方法,克服现有方式方法的不足。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种柔性纳米隔热材料的制备方法,是一种基于网格式布局上下贯穿的缝合方式的新型三明治结构柔性纳米隔热材料制备新方法。
为实现上述目的,本发明采用如下技术方案:
一种缝合型柔性纳米隔热材料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
1)以纳米粉体、陶瓷纤维及红外遮光剂为主要原料,通过混合分散和组装压制获得刚性纳米隔热材料;
2)以三明治结构为设计思路,将压制好的刚性纳米隔热材料作为芯层材料,柔性包覆体作为外层面板,依次按照“面板-芯层-面板”的顺序进行铺敷,获得三明治结构复合材料;
3)以耐高温纤维线为缝合线,采用缝合工具以网格式布局缝合方式对三明治结构复合材料进行包覆,最终获得缝合型柔性纳米隔热材料。
进一步地,步骤1),纳米粉体包括纳米氧化硅、纳米氧化铝、纳米氧化锆、纳米碳化硅、纳米碳粉等材料;陶瓷纤维为石英纤维、高硅氧纤维、硅酸铝纤维、氧化锆纤维、莫来石纤维以及氧化铝纤维等材料;红外遮光剂为石墨微粉、碳化硅微粉、氧化锆粉、二氧化钛微粉以及钛酸钾晶须等可抗红外辐射的组分。
进一步地,步骤2)中,芯层材料,即刚性纳米隔热材料,其密度为0.1-0.8g/cm3,材料厚度0.5mm到20mm。
进一步地,步骤1)中,混合分散方式为干法分散或湿法分散;组装压制方式为干法压制或湿法压滤。
进一步地,步骤2)中,柔性包覆体包括耐高温纤维布,包括高硅氧纤维布、石英纤维布、氧化铝纤维布、碳化硅纤维布以及碳布等;耐高温纤维布厚度控制为0.3-3mm。
进一步地,步骤2)中,“面板-芯层-面板”的三明治结构中上下两层的面板可为同一物质,亦可以为不同物质;且上下面板的厚度可以相同也可以不同。
进一步地,步骤3)中,耐高温缝合线包括石英纤维缝线、氧化铝纤维缝线、碳化硅纤维缝线、碳纤维缝线。
进一步地,步骤3),网格式缝合间距控制在10-100mm,缝合的方式为上下贯穿式缝合。
基于同一发明构思,本发明还提供一种采用上述方法制备的缝合型柔性纳米隔热材料。
本发明取得的有益效果为:
本发明提供了一种柔性纳米隔热材料的制备的新方法,解决了刚性纳米隔热材料难以实现柔性包覆的问题,同时解决了真空包覆不耐高温、粘结包覆隔热性能下降等多个问题。该制备方法过程简单,设计思路新颖,缝合方式有效,避免芯层材料的散乱带来材料性能降低,使得材料的抗扭曲和隔热等性能明显提升,未来在隔热、保温、吸声等领域具有广阔的应用前景。
附图说明
图1是依据网格式布局进行缝合的示意图。
图2是实施例12中芯层材料电镜图。
具体实施方式
为使本发明的上述特征和优点能更明显易懂,下面介绍本专利具体实施的方式。
本专利具体实施有三步,首先是纳米隔热材料的制备,制过程备包括组分的选择、组分物料的均匀分散,以及混合物料的压制成型。其中刚性纳米隔热材料组分是由纳米隔热粉体、纤维和抗辐射剂组成,优选的纳米粉体包括纳米氧化硅、纳米氧化铝、纳米氧化锆、纳米碳化硅、纳米碳粉等材料中的一种或几种;优选的纤维为石英纤维、高硅氧纤维、硅酸铝纤维、氧化锆纤维、莫来石纤维以及氧化铝纤维等材料中一种或几种;优选的抗辐射剂为石墨微粉、碳化硅微粉、氧化锆粉、二氧化钛微粉以及钛酸钾晶须等物质中的一种或几种;将选择的材料组分进行有效分散,确保材料的均一性,同时依据分散方法选取混合物料的压制方法,本专利优选的混合组分物料分散方法为干法机械融合分散和湿法搅拌分散;优选的压制成型方法包括模压成型和压滤成型。
然后,将制备的刚性隔热材料作为芯层材料,柔性包覆体为外层面板,依次将材料按照“面板-芯层-面板”的顺序铺敷,获得待缝合的三明治结构复合材料,该结构将芯层纳米隔热材料包裹在面板内部,可有效防止材料的掉粉、磕碰和流失等;其中,优选的芯层纳米隔热材料的密度为为0.1-0.8g/cm3,材料厚度为0.5mm-20mm;优选的柔性包覆体主要有高硅氧纤维布、石英纤维布、氧化铝纤维布、碳化硅纤维布以及碳布等,优选的柔性包覆体的厚度为0.3-3mm;其中上下面板可为同种材料,也可为不同材料,依据使用条件进行选择。
最后,将上诉材料进行缝合,选取耐高温的纤维线,依据网格式布局,如图1所示,按照一定的缝合间距,采用上下贯穿的缝合方式进行包覆,获得缝合型纳米隔热材料,该种缝合方式有效提高了整体材料的抗扭曲性能和弯折性能,实现刚性材料的柔性化;其中,优选的高温缝合线有石英纤维缝线、氧化铝纤维缝线、碳化硅纤维缝线、碳纤维缝线;网格式布局对于保持材料抗扭曲性能,避免材料松散至关重要,优选的网格式缝合间距为10-100mm范围内。
下文将通过举例的方式对本发明进行进一步的说明,但是本发明的保护范围不限于这些实施例:
实施例1
1)以氧化硅纳米粉体、高硅氧纤维及钛酸钾晶须为主要原料,通过干法机械融合均匀分散;将分散好的物料装入模具,经压机模压成型,拆模后得到刚性纳米隔热材料。
2)将压制的密度0.5g/cm3的0.5mm刚性隔热材料作为芯层材料,以0.5mm石英纤维布(纤维毡)为柔性增强面板;采用三明治结构的设计思路,依次将材料按照“面板-芯层-面板”的顺序铺敷;
3)选取石英纤维线为缝合线,确定网格式缝合间距100mm,采用缝合工具对铺敷好的材料进行上下贯穿式的缝合包覆,最终获得缝合型柔性纳米隔热材料。
实施例2
1)以氧化硅纳米粉体、石英纤维及二氧化钛为主要原料,通过干法机械融合均匀分散;将分散好的物料装入模具,经压机模压成型,拆模后得到刚性纳米隔热材料。
2)将压制的密度0.1g/cm3的20mm刚性隔热材料作为芯层材料,以1mm高硅氧纤维布为柔性增强面板;采用三明治结构的设计思路,依次将材料按照“面板-芯层-面板”的顺序铺敷;
3)选取石英纤维线为缝合线,确定网格式缝合间距10mm,采用缝合工具对铺敷好的材料进行上下贯穿式的缝合包覆,最终获得缝合型柔性纳米隔热材料。
实施例3
1)以氧化硅纳米粉体、硅酸铝纤维及二氧化钛为主要原料,通过干法机械融合均匀分散;将分散好的物料装入模具,经压机模压成型,拆模后得到刚性纳米隔热材料。
2)将压制的密度0.1g/cm3的20mm刚性隔热材料作为芯层材料,以2mm高硅氧纤维布为柔性增强面板;采用三明治结构的设计思路,依次将材料按照“面板-芯层-面板”的顺序铺敷;
3)选取石英纤维线为缝合线,确定网格式缝合间距10mm,采用缝合工具对铺敷好的材料进行上下贯穿式的缝合包覆,最终获得缝合型柔性纳米隔热材料。
实施例4
1)以氧化铝纳米粉体、氧化铝纤维及碳化硅微粉为主要原料,通过干法机械融合均匀分散;将分散好的物料装入模具,经压机模压成型,拆模后得到刚性纳米隔热材料。
2)将压制的密度0.3g/cm3的10mm刚性隔热材料作为芯层材料,以0.5mm氧化铝纤维布为柔性增强面板;采用三明治结构的设计思路,依次将材料按照“面板-芯层-面板”的顺序铺敷;
3)选取氧化铝纤维线为缝合线,确定网格式缝合间距50mm,采用缝合工具对铺敷好的材料进行上下贯穿式的缝合包覆,最终获得缝合型柔性纳米隔热材料。
实施例5
1)以氧化锆纳米粉体、莫来石纤维及氧化锆微粉为主要原料,通过干法机械融合均匀分散;将分散好的物料装入模具,经压机模压成型,拆模后得到刚性纳米隔热材料。
2)将压制的密度0.5g/cm3的0.5mm刚性隔热材料作为芯层材料,以3mm碳化硅纤维布为柔性增强面板;采用三明治结构的设计思路,依次将材料按照“面板-芯层-面板”的顺序铺敷;
3)选取氧化铝纤维线为缝合线,确定网格式缝合间距50mm,采用缝合工具对铺敷好的材料进行上下贯穿式的缝合包覆,最终获得缝合型柔性纳米隔热材料。
实施例6
1)以氧化锆纳米粉体、氧化锆纤维及氧化锆微粉为主要原料,通过干法机械融合均匀分散;将分散好的物料装入模具,经压机模压成型,拆模后得到刚性纳米隔热材料。
2)将压制的密度0.5g/cm3的0.5mm刚性隔热材料作为芯层材料,以3mm氧化铝纤维布为柔性增强面板;采用三明治结构的设计思路,依次将材料按照“面板-芯层-面板”的顺序铺敷;
3)选取碳化硅纤维线为缝合线,确定网格式缝合间距50mm,采用缝合工具对铺敷好的材料进行上下贯穿式的缝合包覆,最终获得缝合型柔性纳米隔热材料。
实施例7
1)以纳米碳粉、碳纤维及碳化硅微粉为主要原料,通过干法机械融合均匀分散;将分散好的物料装入模具,经压机模压成型,拆模后得到刚性纳米隔热材料。
2)将压制的密度0.8g/cm3的1mm刚性隔热材料作为芯层材料,以1.2mm碳纤维布为柔性增强面板;采用三明治结构的设计思路,依次将材料按照“面板-芯层-面板”的顺序铺敷;
3)选取碳纤维线为缝合线,确定网格式缝合间距50mm,采用缝合工具对铺敷好的材料进行上下贯穿式的缝合包覆,最终获得缝合型柔性纳米隔热材料。
实施例8
1)以纳米碳化硅、碳纤维及石墨为主要原料,通过干法机械融合均匀分散;将分散好的物料装入模具,经压机模压成型,拆模后得到刚性纳米隔热材料。
2)将压制的密度0.8g/cm3的1mm刚性隔热材料作为芯层材料,以1.2mm碳纤维布为柔性增强面板;采用三明治结构的设计思路,依次将材料按照“面板-芯层-面板”的顺序铺敷;
3)选取碳纤维线为缝合线,确定网格式缝合间距50mm,采用缝合工具对铺敷好的材料进行上下贯穿式的缝合包覆,最终获得缝合型柔性纳米隔热材料。
实施例9
1)以氧化硅纳米粉体、石英纤维及钛酸钾晶须为主要原料,以湿法分散的方式将混合物料搅拌均匀;将湿物料转移至压滤模具,经压机模压成型,拆模后常压干燥得到刚性纳米隔热材料。
2)将压制的密度0.8g/cm3的0.5mm刚性隔热材料作为芯层材料,以0.3mm石英纤维布为柔性增强面板;采用三明治结构的设计思路,依次将材料按照“面板-芯层-面板”的顺序铺敷;
3)选取石英纤维线为缝合线,确定网格式缝合间距100mm,采用缝合工具对铺敷好的材料进行上下贯穿式的缝合包覆,最终获得缝合型柔性纳米隔热材料。
实施例10
1)以氧化铝纳米粉体、莫来石纤维及碳化硅粉体为主要原料,通过干法机械融合均匀分散;将分散好的物料装入模具,经压机模压成型,拆模后得到刚性纳米隔热材料。
2)将压制的密度0.5g/cm3的5mm刚性隔热材料作为芯层材料,以0.3mm石英纤维布和0.3mm的高硅氧纤维布为柔性增强面板;采用三明治结构的设计思路,依次将材料按照“石英纤维布面板-芯层-氧化铝面板”的顺序铺敷;
3)选取石英纤维线为缝合线,确定网格式缝合间距100mm,采用缝合工具对铺敷好的材料进行上下贯穿式的缝合包覆,最终获得缝合型柔性纳米隔热材料。
实施例11
1)以氧化铝纳米粉体、莫来石纤维及石墨为主要原料,通过干法机械融合均匀分散;将分散好的物料装入模具,经压机模压成型,拆模后得到刚性纳米隔热材料。
2)将压制的密度0.5g/cm3的5mm刚性隔热材料作为芯层材料,以0.5mm氧化铝纤维布和0.5mm的石英纤维布为柔性增强面板;采用三明治结构的设计思路,依次将材料按照“石英纤维布面板-芯层-氧化铝面板”的顺序铺敷;
3)选取石英纤维线为缝合线,确定网格式缝合间距100mm,采用缝合工具对铺敷好的材料进行上下贯穿式的缝合包覆,最终获得缝合型柔性纳米隔热材料。
实施例12
1)以氧化铝纳米粉体、莫来石纤维及碳化硅粉体为主要原料,通过干法机械融合均匀分散;将分散好的物料装入模具,经压机模压成型,拆模后得到刚性纳米隔热材料。
2)将压制的密度0.5g/cm3的5mm刚性隔热材料作为芯层材料,以0.75mm高硅氧纤维布和0.5mm的氧化铝纤维布为柔性增强面板;采用三明治结构的设计思路,依次将材料按照“石英纤维布面板-芯层-氧化铝面板”的顺序铺敷;
3)选取石英纤维线为缝合线,确定网格式缝合间距100mm,采用缝合工具对铺敷好的材料进行上下贯穿式的缝合包覆,最终获得缝合型柔性纳米隔热材料。
对比例:
对比例为未经缝合的刚性纳米隔热材料,制备方法同实施例12中的步骤1)。
通过实施例制备的缝合型纳米隔热材料可柔性弯曲,有效包覆回转体结构的物体,获得的材料整体具有抗弯折性能,而对比例获得得材料不具有弯折性能,无法实现对回状体结构物体的包覆;实施例制备的柔性材料经弯曲后,其芯层材料仍然保持较好的纳米孔结构。
表1为典型实施例制备的缝合型纳米隔热材料的室温导热系数。可以看出,采用本发明方法制备的缝合型纳米隔热材料的导热系数低,具有良好的隔热性能和可弯折性。
表1典型实施例材料导热系数
以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非对其进行限制,本领域的普通技术人员可以对本发明的技术方案进行修改或者等同替换,而不脱离本发明的精神和范围,本发明的保护范围应以权利要求书所述为准。
Claims (10)
1.一种缝合型柔性纳米隔热材料的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
1)以纳米粉体、陶瓷纤维及红外遮光剂为主要原料,通过混合分散和组装压制获得刚性纳米隔热材料;
2)将压制好的刚性纳米隔热材料作为芯层材料,柔性包覆体作为外层面板,依次按照“面板-芯层-面板”的顺序进行铺敷,获得三明治结构复合材料;
3)以耐高温纤维线为缝合线,以网格式布局缝合方式对三明治结构复合材料进行包覆,获得缝合型柔性纳米隔热材料。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,步骤1)所述纳米粉体为纳米氧化硅、纳米氧化铝、纳米氧化锆、纳米碳化硅、或纳米碳粉;所述陶瓷纤维为石英纤维、高硅氧纤维、硅酸铝纤维、氧化锆纤维、莫来石纤维、或氧化铝纤维;所述红外遮光剂为石墨微粉、碳化硅微粉、氧化锆粉、二氧化钛微粉、或钛酸钾晶须。
3.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,步骤2)中芯层材料的密度为0.1-0.8g/cm3,厚度为0.5mm到20mm。
4.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,步骤1)中混合分散方式为干法分散或湿法分散,组装压制方式为干法压制或湿法压滤。
5.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,步骤2)中柔性包覆体为耐高温纤维布,包括高硅氧纤维布、石英纤维布、氧化铝纤维布、碳化硅纤维布、或碳布。
6.根据权利要求5所述的方法,其特征在于,所述耐高温纤维布厚度为0.3-3mm。
7.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,步骤2)中三明治结构中的上下两层面板为同一物质,或者为不同物质;上下面板的厚度相同或者不同。
8.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,步骤3)中耐高温纤维线包括石英纤维缝线、氧化铝纤维缝线、碳化硅纤维缝线、或碳纤维缝线。
9.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,步骤3)中网格式缝合的间距控制在10-100mm,缝合的方式为上下贯穿式缝合。
10.根据权利要求1~9中任一权利要求所述方法制备的缝合型柔性纳米隔热材料。
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN202010848720.9A CN112140659A (zh) | 2020-08-21 | 2020-08-21 | 一种缝合型柔性纳米隔热材料及其制备方法 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN202010848720.9A CN112140659A (zh) | 2020-08-21 | 2020-08-21 | 一种缝合型柔性纳米隔热材料及其制备方法 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN112140659A true CN112140659A (zh) | 2020-12-29 |
Family
ID=73888823
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN202010848720.9A Pending CN112140659A (zh) | 2020-08-21 | 2020-08-21 | 一种缝合型柔性纳米隔热材料及其制备方法 |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CN (1) | CN112140659A (zh) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN115570853A (zh) * | 2022-09-29 | 2023-01-06 | 航天特种材料及工艺技术研究所 | 一种多功能隔热材料及其制备方法 |
Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2009299893A (ja) * | 2008-05-15 | 2009-12-24 | Nichias Corp | 断熱材、これを用いた断熱構造及びその製造方法 |
JP2010167685A (ja) * | 2009-01-23 | 2010-08-05 | Imae Kogyo Kk | 断熱シート |
CN201696812U (zh) * | 2010-06-21 | 2011-01-05 | 上海船舶工艺研究所 | 一种绝热板材 |
CN102838342A (zh) * | 2012-09-27 | 2012-12-26 | 袁江涛 | 耐高温纳米微孔隔热板的干法制备方法 |
CN103802438A (zh) * | 2013-12-23 | 2014-05-21 | 潍坊纳博欧化工科技有限公司 | 一种制备纳米孔绝热毡的方法 |
CN104527199A (zh) * | 2014-12-15 | 2015-04-22 | 山东鲁阳股份有限公司 | 一种纳米微孔绝热板材的制备方法 |
CN110216932A (zh) * | 2019-06-24 | 2019-09-10 | 江西晖能新材料有限公司 | 柔性纳米隔热保温毡的制备方法及柔性纳米隔热保温毡 |
-
2020
- 2020-08-21 CN CN202010848720.9A patent/CN112140659A/zh active Pending
Patent Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2009299893A (ja) * | 2008-05-15 | 2009-12-24 | Nichias Corp | 断熱材、これを用いた断熱構造及びその製造方法 |
JP2010167685A (ja) * | 2009-01-23 | 2010-08-05 | Imae Kogyo Kk | 断熱シート |
CN201696812U (zh) * | 2010-06-21 | 2011-01-05 | 上海船舶工艺研究所 | 一种绝热板材 |
CN102838342A (zh) * | 2012-09-27 | 2012-12-26 | 袁江涛 | 耐高温纳米微孔隔热板的干法制备方法 |
CN103802438A (zh) * | 2013-12-23 | 2014-05-21 | 潍坊纳博欧化工科技有限公司 | 一种制备纳米孔绝热毡的方法 |
CN104527199A (zh) * | 2014-12-15 | 2015-04-22 | 山东鲁阳股份有限公司 | 一种纳米微孔绝热板材的制备方法 |
CN110216932A (zh) * | 2019-06-24 | 2019-09-10 | 江西晖能新材料有限公司 | 柔性纳米隔热保温毡的制备方法及柔性纳米隔热保温毡 |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN115570853A (zh) * | 2022-09-29 | 2023-01-06 | 航天特种材料及工艺技术研究所 | 一种多功能隔热材料及其制备方法 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN110629543B (zh) | 一种隔热材料的制备方法及由该方法制得的隔热材料 | |
US5198282A (en) | Tandem ceramic composite | |
US6652950B2 (en) | Thermal insulating conformal blanket | |
CN100571859C (zh) | 氧化物纳米线增强透明气凝胶块体材料的制备方法 | |
US20070259185A1 (en) | High-temperature-resistant composite and method of producing the composite | |
Mazrouei-Sebdani et al. | Multiple assembly strategies for silica aerogel-fiber combinations–A review | |
CN108911776A (zh) | 一种表面抗冲刷柔性隔热复合材料及其制备方法 | |
CN1592651A (zh) | 带有纤维胎的气凝胶复合材料 | |
CN111285699B (zh) | 一种轻质可重复使用的防隔热材料及其制备方法 | |
CN111703142A (zh) | 一种高效隔热夹层结构气凝胶防热材料及其制备方法 | |
CN112813584A (zh) | 一种气凝胶纤维填充材料及其制备方法与应用 | |
CN108032580B (zh) | 一种制备夹层结构热防护材料的方法及由该方法制得的热防护材料 | |
EP0790366A1 (en) | Flexible insulation panel and method of manufacture | |
CN106626581B (zh) | 一种改进耐高温夹层结构隔热材料的应变性能的方法及由该方法制得的材料 | |
CN109517389A (zh) | 一种可裁剪耐高温柔性隔热密封材料及其制备方法 | |
CN104496517A (zh) | 一种Cf/SiC多孔陶瓷及其制备方法 | |
CN109608218B (zh) | 一种自愈合陶瓷基复合材料及其低温快速制备方法 | |
CN110789191A (zh) | 一种柔性气凝胶隔热材料及其制备方法 | |
CN112140659A (zh) | 一种缝合型柔性纳米隔热材料及其制备方法 | |
CN113895111A (zh) | 一种耐高温隔热材料及其制备方法 | |
TW202100491A (zh) | 經陶瓷塗佈/浸漬之材料的表面處理 | |
CN108468908A (zh) | 一种隔热套以及隔热套的制作方法 | |
Wang et al. | Thermal-insulation and ablation-resistance of Ti-Si binary modified carbon/phenolic nanocomposites for high-temperature thermal protection | |
CN113563093B (zh) | 一种轻质耐高温夹层热防护材料及其制备方法 | |
Ding et al. | Optimization of ultralight SiO2/TiO2 nanofibrous aerogel for high-temperature application |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PB01 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20201229 |
|
RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |